Campbell SkyVUE PRO Product Manual
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Campbell SkyVUE PRO Product Manual

Lidar ceilometer
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Revision: 11/2020
Copyright © 2019 – 2020
Campbell Scientific, Inc.

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Summary of Contents for Campbell SkyVUE PRO

  • Page 1 Revision: 11/2020 Copyright © 2019 – 2020 Campbell Scientific, Inc.

  • Page 2: Table Of Contents

    3. Initial preparation and checks 4. Installation 4.1 Location and orientation 4.2 Grounding 4.3 Mounting the SkyVUE PRO 4.4 Tilt angle 4.5 Connectors and wiring 4.5.1 Base connectors 4.5.2 Wiring using supplied Campbell Scientific cables Table of Contents - i...
  • Page 3 4.6.2 Removing the enclosure lid 4.7 Bird spike kit 4.8 Storage information 5. Operation 5.1 Terminal mode 5.1.1 Entering/exiting the SkyVUE PRO terminal mode 5.1.2 Terminal mode commands general 5.1.3 Terminal mode command examples 5.1.4 Application command message types 5.1.5 MCFG command message types 5.1.6 Measurement and message intervals...
  • Page 4 A.3 Produce attenuated backscatter output message Appendix B. Cloud height calculation Appendix C. Sky condition algorithm description Appendix D. Replacing the SkyVUE PRO PSU Appendix E. SkyVUE PRO Laser/APD module replacement Appendix F. SkyVUE PRO TOP board replacement Appendix G. Self-diagnostic information List of figures FIGURE 2-1.
  • Page 5 FIGURE 4-7. Removing the cover FIGURE 4-8. Removing the enclosure lid FIGURE 4-9. Ceilometer bird spike kit installed FIGURE 4-10. Preparing the SkyVUE PRO for installing the bird spikes FIGURE 4-11. Attaching bird spikes to the SkyVUE PRO cowl FIGURE 5-1. Restoring factory defaults FIGURE 5-2.

  • Page 6: General Information

    1.1 Packing list 1.2 General safety 1.3 Sensor unit safety 1.4 Laser safety 1.5 Electrical safety 1.1 Packing list The following table lists the products shipped with the SkyVUE PRO. Table 1-1: Packing list Description Quantity Ceilometer Power supply cable...

  • Page 7: Sensor Unit Safety

    The SkyVUE PRO sensor has been checked for safety before leaving the factory and contains no internally replaceable or modifiable parts. WARNING: Do not modify the SkyVUE PRO unit. Such modifications will lead to damage of the unit and could expose users to dangerous light levels and voltages. WARNING: Do not attempt to repair the SkyVUE PRO unit without consulting Campbell Scientific.

  • Page 8: Electrical Safety

    CLASS 1M LASER PRODUCT WARNING: Removing the laser module with the power applied to the SkyVUE PRO may expose the user to hazardous class 3B laser radiation. No attempt should be made to operate the laser module outside of the housing.

  • Page 9: Product Overview

    The SkyVUE PRO has electrical and laser warning labels on the exterior and interior of the unit. It is recommended that the hood and access panel door are not opened in conditions of rain, hail or snow.

  • Page 10: Introduction

    If significant scattering is detected without a defined cloud base, then a vertical visibility can be calculated. The control system of the SkyVUE PRO is divided into three modules, DSP, TOP and PSU as follows: DSP (Digital Signal Processor) is the main data processing and communications unit of the SkyVUE PRO.

  • Page 11: Cloud Height Detection

    Sky condition is an assessment of cloud cover measured in units of eighths known as oktas. The number of oktas is the density of cloud in eighths of that layer. The SkyVUE PRO can report up to five layers of cloud when reporting sky condition. The algorithm used in the SkyVUE PRO follows guidance in the ICAO 9837, Manual on Automatic Meteorological Observing Systems at Aerodromes.

  • Page 12: Backscatter Profile Reporting

    To activate this option please contact Campbell Scientific. This is a guide to how well the mixing layer is defined on a scale 1 to 3 (3 is best). It is determined by the magnitude of the difference between the average backscatter over a distance below the MLH and the average backscatter over a distance above the MLH.

  • Page 13: Optical Measurement

    2.2 Optical measurement FIGURE 2-1. Principle of operation 2.2.1 Optical arrangement The SkyVUE PRO uses a single split lens design that increases optical signal-to-noise ratio, while maintaining Class 1M eye safety by integrating larger optics into a compact package (see FIGURE (p.

  • Page 14: Specifications

    (see Operation (p. 27)) include this information allowing remote diagnosis of the SkyVUE PRO condition. In addition, a special status message can be polled. 2.4 Specifications 2.4.1 Measurement specifications 2.4.2 Mechanical specifications 2.4.3 Electrical specifications 2.4.4 Optical specifications 2.4.5 Environmental specifications 2.4.6 Communications specifications...

  • Page 15: Electrical Specifications

    FIGURE 2-2. SkyVUE PRO dimensions 2.4.3 Electrical specifications Power required: Nominal 115 VAC (106 to 137 VAC) or nominal 230 VAC (216 to 253 VAC) (automatic selection), 47 to 63 Hz, 470 W total maximum Heater: Hood heater: 270 W, maximum...

  • Page 16: Figure 2-3. Psu Types

    In cold environments, the power consumption of the SkyVUE PRO may be as high as 470 W. In warmer environments, it may be as low as 200 W. The heaters are resistive, which is advantageous when connected to generators or when current consumption is important.

  • Page 17: Optical Specifications

    2.4.4 Optical specifications Pulse duration: 100 ns Pulse frequency: 10 kHz Wavelength: 912 ± 5 nm Half-angle laser divergence: 0.35 mrad Field of view: 1.5 mrad Laser lifetime: 10 years typical Eye safety class: 2.4.5 Environmental specifications Standard operating temperature range: –40 to 60 °C (excluding battery) Battery temperature range: –20 to 50 °C (alternative battery types available)

  • Page 18: Initial Preparation And Checks

    USB Service Port USB1.1 and 2.0 compatible, fixed 115200 baud. 3. Initial preparation and checks The following steps will provide basic familiarization with the SkyVUE PRO and perform basic functionality checks. To do these, remove the cover and enclosure lid and connect the battery...

  • Page 19: Installation

    4.8 Storage information 4.1 Location and orientation The SkyVUE PRO measures environmental variables and is designed to be located in harsh weather conditions. However, there are a few considerations to take into account if accurate and representative data from a site are to be obtained.

  • Page 20: Grounding

    To reduce the service frequency with the unit, place the SkyVUE PRO away from sources of contamination. More regular maintenance will be required when the instrument is placed in areas where contamination is unavoidable or where measurements may be safety related.

  • Page 21: Tilt Angle

    FIGURE 4-1. Mounting base footprint 4.4 Tilt angle The SkyVUE PRO can be tilted 6°, 12°, 18° or 24° from vertical. In tropical regions, tilting the sensor north in the northern hemisphere and south in the southern hemisphere can prevent the sun from shining directly into the sensor.

  • Page 22: Connectors And Wiring

    FIGURE 4-2. Setting the tilt angle 4.5 Connectors and wiring 4.5.1 Base connectors 4.5.2 Wiring using supplied Campbell Scientific cables 4.5.3 USB connection 4.5.4 SDI-12 connection SkyVUE™PRO (CS135) LIDAR Ceilometer...

  • Page 23: Base Connectors

    4.5.1 Base connectors The SkyVUE PRO has three connectors on its base. One connector is for communications; another connector provides power to the unit and the last connector takes power from the unit to the hood heater and blower. NOTE: Tilting the unit provides better access to these connectors.

  • Page 24: Wiring Using Supplied Campbell Scientific Cables

    TXD (DCE) A/RXD Blue input inverting Screen 4.5.2 Wiring using supplied Campbell Scientific cables Two cables are supplied, each 10 m (32.8 ft) long. One is for the mains power supply and the other is for communications. SkyVUE™PRO (CS135) LIDAR Ceilometer...

  • Page 25: Power Connections

    WARNING: Incorrectly wiring the power cable can cause irrevocable damage to the unit and can cause serious injury or death. WARNING: The power cable must not be carrying mains voltage when it is being connected or disconnected. 4.5.2.1 Power connections The following is a guide for wiring and installing a permanent power supply.

  • Page 26: Communications Connections

    5 A at the rated voltage. If this is done, the earth wire of the sensor must be connected to a suitable protective earth point. For DC operation, the SkyVUE PRO requires a 10 to 40 VDC supply capable of 1 A at 12 VDC or 0.5 A at 24 VDC.

  • Page 27: Usb Connection

    The USB port provided inside the enclosure is for on-site maintenance. It supports communication of commands to the SkyVUE PRO and responses in the same form as the main serial port, except the baud rate is fixed at 115200 (see FIGURE 4-5 (p.

  • Page 28: Removing The Cover

    4.6.1 Removing the cover 1. Remove four screws (FIGURE 4-7 (p. 23)). FIGURE 4-7. Removing the cover 2. Lift the cover off the base. CAUTION: The cover contains a flying lead used to take power to the hood heater and blower. Be careful not to trap and damage this when lifting the cover clear.

  • Page 29: Bird Spike Kit

    Removing the enclosure lid may expose hot surfaces. 4.7 Bird spike kit The optional bird spike kit deters birds from sitting on the SkyVUE PRO. It includes four stainless- steel spikes with rounded ends and a small reel of stainless-steel wire. The following figure shows installed bird spikes.
  • Page 30 To install the bird spikes, remove the cowl and blanking plugs from the cowl (FIGURE 4-10 25). If the SkyVUE PRO is an older unit without pre-existing holes, then drill four holes each 4.5 mm (0.17 in) diameter, evenly spaced around the aperture and 10 mm (0.39 in) in from the edge.

  • Page 31: Storage Information

    Check the wire during maintenance and replace if necessary. 4.8 Storage information Store the SkyVUE PRO in a dry place at –40 to 70 °C, preferably with the enclosures securely fastened. Protect the optics from possible accidental damage. Disconnect the back-up battery when storing the SkyVUE PRO.

  • Page 32: Operation

    NOTE: Remove the battery if the SkyVUE PRO is to be stored outside the –20 to 50 °C temperature range. 5. Operation 5.1 Terminal mode 5.2 Restoring factory defaults 5.3 LED indicator 5.1 Terminal mode 5.1.1 Entering/exiting the SkyVUE PRO terminal mode 5.1.2 Terminal mode commands general...

  • Page 33: Terminal Mode Commands General

    Flow control none none The baud rate of the SkyVUE PRO must match the port setting baud rate in the terminal emulator. The SkyVUE PRO should now be ready to accept commands. NOTE: Commands will always output all parameters on a new line after a CR LF (carriage return and line feed) and then the SkyVUE PRO prompt CS135>.

  • Page 34: Terminal Mode Command Examples

    Example 1 The following text shows an example of setting up the SkyVUE PRO serial port. This example sets the serial port to RS-232 hand shaking at 115200 bps, 8 data bits, no parity and if it was in RS-485 mode, then a 100 ms turn around delay.

  • Page 35: Table 5-1: Summary Of The Terminal Mode Commands Available

    0 = Help 10 = Aviation 20 = Research 40 = Meteorology 225 = User defaults The default application for the SkyVUE PRO is 40, Meteorology. Settings adjusted by the APPLICATION command include settings in BS, MCFG, and UNITS. Attenuated_ Rules for BS command are: SCALE, ...
  • Page 36 Measurement_Period = 0 or 2 to 600 seconds (default 10). If set to 0 and the SkyVUE PRO is polled, it will output the last measurement made. If between 2 and 600 seconds, the SkyVUE PRO continually outputs messages.
  • Page 37 = user volume version OS_VER = DSP OS version PsuOsVer = PSU OS version TopOsVer = TOP OS version Id = SkyVUE PRO ID Pw = SkyVUE PRO password terminalCrc = terminal crc mode terminalTimeout = terminal timeout unitsTiltMode = units and tilt mode...
  • Page 38 Table 5-1: Summary of the terminal mode commands available Parameter/ Command Description parameter block hoodHBLowSpeed = fan voltage for low speed mV intHMode = internal heater mode message[0] = fields for message 0 message[1] = fields for message 1 message[2] = fields for message 2 message[3] = fields for message 3 message[4] = fields for message 4 messagePeriod = output message period in...
  • Page 39 Table 5-1: Summary of the terminal mode commands available Parameter/ Command Description parameter block alphaGuessEnd = cloud alpha guess at boundary alphaMin = cloud detection alpha minimum Vcld_D = cloud detection delta_Vcld_D = cloud detection vis_Av_T = cloud detection alphaGuess = visibility initial alpha guess ratioLevel = visibility ratio alphaMin = visibility alpha minimum cap = visibility cap in meters...
  • Page 40 CRC using the standard CRC- Note: Many parameters are not adjusted. This command allows a reliable technique for copying full settings from one SkyVUE PRO to another with the SETUSER command. A typical response to the GETUSER command is: >>>>>...
  • Page 41 LASERON No parameters Instructs the SkyVUE PRO to try and turn the laser on LOADOS Module Loads new operating system into modules as follows: Module =1, DSP.
  • Page 42 Table 5-1: Summary of the terminal mode commands available Parameter/ Command Description parameter block Message_ID_A Message_Interval is the message interval in seconds. Range is 2 to 600 s (default 10); 0 gives polled Message_ID_B messages. Message_ID_C Note: This command may affect measurement Message_ID_D parameters within the BS command.
  • Page 43 MCFG. POWEROFF No parameters Prepares the PSU to power down the SkyVUE PRO even if the battery is connected. As soon as the mains supply is disconnected, the SkyVUE PRO will power off and NOT run on battery back-up. The SkyVUE PRO can be re-activated with battery back-up enabled by reconnecting the mains supply.
  • Page 44 Table 5-1: Summary of the terminal mode commands available Parameter/ Command Description parameter block SCCAL No parameters but Stratocumulus backscatter calibration. user interaction This requires a human observer to confirm a stable required Stratocumulus cloud layer between 250 m to 2500 m without holes, precipitation or reduced visibility and has been stable for at least 10 minutes prior to running this command.
  • Page 45 OS_VER = DSP OS version (not changed) PsuOsVer = PSU OS version (not changed) TopOsVer = TOP OS version (not changed) Id = SkyVUE PRO ID (not changed) Pw = SkyVUE PRO password (not changed) terminalCrc = terminal crc mode...
  • Page 46 Table 5-1: Summary of the terminal mode commands available Parameter/ Command Description parameter block speed, mV hoodHBHighSpeed = Fan voltage for high speed, hoodHBLowSpeed = Fan voltage for low speed, mV intHMode = internal heater mode message[0] = fields for message 0 message[1] = fields for message 1 message[2] = fields for message 2 message[3] = fields for message 3...
  • Page 47 Table 5-1: Summary of the terminal mode commands available Parameter/ Command Description parameter block detection threshold snrMarginDetector = cloud detection threshold alphaGuessEnd = cloud alpha guess at boundary alphaMin = cloud detection alpha minimum Vcld_D = cloud detection delta_Vcld_D = cloud detection vis_Av_T = cloud detection alphaGuess = visibility initial alpha guess ratioLevel = visibility ratio...
  • Page 48 Sets the user terminal time out. Timeout Timeout is the delay in minutes from 1 to 15 where the terminal will automatically close if no characters are sent to the SkyVUE PRO. The default is 10 minutes. TIME Date_Time Date is in the format yyyy/mm/dd...

  • Page 49: Application Command Message Types

    The Application_n parameter for the APPLICATION command defines settings to optimize the ceilometer for a range of applications, Aviation, Research and Meteorology. The default application setting for the SkyVUE PRO is Meteorology, but this can be changed, or returned to, using the Application_n command.

  • Page 50: Table 5-2: Summary Of Applications And Applied Settings For Skyvue Pro

    Table 5-2: Summary of applications and applied settings for SkyVUE PRO Defaults Application modes for SkyVUE PRO using OS12 using OS13 and newer and older Meteorology General Settings Aviation Research Air quality (default) application ALARMS (tilt degs) APPLICATION: Application Application...

  • Page 51: Mcfg Command Message Types

    Table 5-2: Summary of applications and applied settings for SkyVUE PRO Defaults Application modes for SkyVUE PRO using OS12 using OS13 and newer and older Meteorology General Settings Aviation Research Air quality (default) application MCFG: Message ID (CB,SC, (CB,SC, (CB,SC,BS)

  • Page 52: Measurement And Message Intervals

    CL31 Message 1, 770 range bins, 5 m resolution CL31 Message 1, No profile data CL31 Message 1, Full SkyVUE PRO output, 2048 range bins, 5 m resolution CL31 Message 2, 770 range bins, 10 m resolution CL31 Message 2, 385 range bins, 20 m resolution...
  • Page 53 Message Interval = 2 s In this case, with the rolling average set to 1, the SkyVUE PRO sends a message every 30 seconds. It takes three, 2 second, measurements at 10 second intervals. Only the last measurement is used in the output message but all three are used for calculating sky condition.

  • Page 54: Status Command

    Message Interval = 30 s 30 s In this case, with the rolling average set to 3 (default), the SkyVUE PRO sends a message every 10 seconds that contains the average of the latest three measurements. Therefore, each message is based on three, 10 second measurement periods, with each containing 2 seconds of backscatter average data.
  • Page 55 Line Example line output Identification CS135 SN1000 ID 0 Description of the line sections Section Description CS135 Product name SN1000 Sensor serial number ID 0 Sensor identification number Line Example line output Date Time 2012/01/10 11:39:46 Description of the line sections Section Description 2012/01/10...
  • Page 56 Line Example line output PSU_OS 1 Description of the line sections Section Description PSU board OS revision number Line Example line output Watchdog A Description of the line sections Section Description Watchdog counter for unscheduled system resets Line Example line output Serial A B C D Description of the line sections Section...
  • Page 57 Line Example line output Heaters A B C D Description of the line sections Section Description Hood blower mode Internal heater mode Laser heater mode Heater/blower test interval in hours Line Example line output MCFG   X A B C D E Description of the line sections Section Description...
  • Page 58 Line Example line output Units A Description of the line sections Section Description Measurement units and tilt correction. (Note: Refer to the UNITS command) Line Example line output TRH   A B C Description of the line sections Section Description Sensor internal temperature reading in degrees Celsius Sensor internal humidity reading as a percentage Sensors internal dew point value in degrees Celsius Line...
  • Page 59 Line Example line output SupplyVoltage A B Description of the line sections Section Description DSP board supply voltage PS135E internal supply voltage Cyclic power cycle counter. Resets after 31 cycles Line Example line output HOffset A Description of the line sections Section Description Height offset reported in feet or meters dependent upon the UNITS...
  • Page 60 Line Example line output WindowTX A Description of the line sections Section Description Window transmittance % Line Example line output BS A B C D E F (Note: refer to the BS command) Description of the line sections Section Description Attenuated scale Averaging time Noise Gate...
  • Page 61 Line Example line output Features A Description of the line sections Section Description List of features enabled Line Example line output Flags 0000 0000 0000 Description of the most significant alarm word (left side, bits going left to right). Each alarm word is a hexadecimal sum of all the error bits.
  • Page 62 Description of the middle alarm word (middle word, bits going left to right) Description XXXX 8000 XXXX The sensors internal humidity is high Communications to the DSP boards temperature and humidity chip XXXX 4000 XXXX have failed XXXX 2000 XXXX DSP input supply voltage is low XXXX 1000 XXXX Self-test active...

  • Page 63: Message Polling

    (p. 46). The following example uses the SkyVUE PRO POLL command to request preconfigured message outputs. First configure the SkyVUE PRO to use polling mode from the terminal interface via the MCFG command as follows: CS135> MCFG 0 0 1 0 0 0 0...

  • Page 64: Loading A New Operating System (Os)

    This configures the SkyVUE PRO into polling mode leaving your message output configurations unchanged. Exit the terminal by typing the CLOSE command. This will save the changes you just made. CS135> CLOSE COMMAND CLOSED Automatic message outputs should continue. Type the POLL command as shown below to verify that the system is working as expected.
  • Page 65 It will no longer be in terminal mode. To load a new operating system into a SkyVUE PRO with an OS between 4 and 7: Enter terminal mode by typing: Open 0 (for a sensor with the default ID of 0) This will return the prompt CS135>...
  • Page 66 At this point, use your terminal emulator to send the *.ldr file using xmodem protocol. Loading the OS could take a few minutes. When the process is complete the SkyVUE PRO will return the message: Wait 40 sec for OS to restart. Afterwards, the SkyVUE PRO will resume operation according to the previously set operating parameters.

  • Page 67: Stratocumulus Backscatter Calibration

    When the process is complete the SkyVUETMPRO will return the message: Wait 40 sec for OS to restart. The SkyVUE PRO will resume operation according to the previously set operating parameters. It will no longer be in terminal mode. It is good practice to reboot the sensor after loading a new OS.
  • Page 68 Enter the sensor height above sea level, for example 70 m then type return. The SkyVUE PRO will respond: 70 m entered, is this correct? “Y”, “N” or “Q” Type Y to confirm. If you have entered an incorrect number, type N and you will be able to replace it.

  • Page 69: Codes On Terminal Commands

    The following error messages may appear during the process. Error ... Time out Error ... Cloud not detected or height not within limits (250 m to 2500 m / 820 ft to 8200 ft) Try again when layer is stable Error ...

  • Page 70: Service Command

    5.1.12 Service command The service command triggers the SkyVUE PRO to go through a series of tests including tests that require the white test surface (ceilometer calibration plate supplied) to be placed on the SkyVUE PRO windows. The service command results in the following procedures:...

  • Page 71: Locked Features

    Use a narrow tool such as a screw driver to reach the reset switch. If the reset switch is pushed for four seconds, the SkyVUE PRO will reboot in exactly the same way as the REBOOT terminal command. If it is held closed while the SkyVUE PRO is powered off and...

  • Page 72: Led Indicator

    To power cycle the SkyVUE PRO, disconnect the battery and switch the main power off and on. FIGURE 5-1. Restoring factory defaults 5.3 LED indicator FIGURE 5-2. LED indicator A green LED is visible through the window, see FIGURE 5-2 (p.

  • Page 73: Messages

    6.5 CT25K messages 6.1 Data messages general The SkyVUE PRO can provide a variety of data message types to allow efficient output of data. Not all messages provide the full information available, but these messages may be more efficient in terms of data storage and transmission.

  • Page 74: Cs Messages

      crc = 0xFFFF;   for (i=0; i < length; ++i)     crc ^= buffer[i] << 8;     for (j=0; j<8; ++j){       m = (crc & 0x8000) ? 0x1021 : 0;       crc <<= 1;       crc ^= m;     }   }   crc ^= 0xFFFF;   return crc; 6.3 CS messages 6.3.1 MESSAGE 001 (no profile, no sky condition) Example message line outputs...

  • Page 75: Table 6-1: Most Significant Alarm Word For Cs Messages

    where S (1 character) = detection status: 0 = No significant backscatter 1 = One cloud base detected 2 = Two cloud bases detected 3 = Three cloud bases detected 4 = Four cloud bases detected 5 = Full obscuration determined but no cloud base detected 6 = Some obscuration detected but determined to be transparent / = Raw data input to algorithm missing or suspect WA (1 character) = Warning or alarm status:...

  • Page 76: Table 6-2: Middle Alarm Word For Cs Messages

    Table 6-1: Most significant alarm word for CS messages Description 2000 XXXX XXXX Reserved for future use 1000 XXXX XXXX Reserved for future use 0800 XXXX XXXX DSP clock out of specification 0400 XXXX XXXX Laser shut down due to operating temperature out of range 0200 XXXX XXXX The lead acid battery voltage is reading low 0100 XXXX XXXX...

  • Page 77: Table 6-3: Least Significant Alarm Word For Cs Messages

    Table 6-2: Middle alarm word for CS messages Description XXXX 0200 XXXX DSP factory calibration stored in flash has failed its signature check XXXX 0100 XXXX DSP board OS signature test failed XXXX 0080 XXXX DSP board RAM test failed XXXX 0040 XXXX DSP boards on board PSUs are out of bounds XXXX 0020 XXXX...

  • Page 78: Message 002 (Profile, No Sky Condition)

    Table 6-3: Least significant alarm word for CS messages Description XXXX XXXX 0008 Laser power monitor temperature out of range XXXX XXXX 0004 Laser power monitor test fail XXXX XXXX 0002 Laser shutdown by top board XXXX XXXX 0001 Laser is off Alarm words are sum of error bits.
  • Page 79 N (3 characters) = Message number STX = Start-of-Text Character CR LF = Carriage Return + Line Feed LINE 2 S WAVtrVh1Vh2Vh3Vh4Vflags CR LF where S (1 character) = detection status: 0 = No significant backscatter 1 = One cloud base detected 2 = Two cloud bases detected 3 = Three cloud bases detected 4 = Four cloud bases detected...
  • Page 80 flags (12 characters in 3 groups of 4) = Alarm or warning information. Refer to Message 001 for a breakdown of the flags. CR LF = Carriage Return and Line Feed LINE 3 scaleVresVnV energyVltVti_blVpulseVrateVsum CR LF where scale (5 characters) = Attenuated_SCALE parameter, %, 0 to 99999. 100% is default res (2 characters) = Backscatter profile resolution in meters n (4 characters) = Profile length energy (3 characters) = Laser pulse energy, %.

  • Page 81: Message 003 (No Profile, Sky Condition)

    6.3.3 MESSAGE 003 (no profile, sky condition) Example message line outputs CS0001003 10 091 00828 ///// ///// ///// 800000000000 99 //// 0 //// 0 //// 0 //// 0 //// f62a LINE 1 SOH CS ID OS N STX CR LF where SOH = Start-of-Heading character CS = Always CS...
  • Page 82 WA (1 character) = Warning or alarm status: 0 = No alarm or warning W = Warning A = Alarm tr (3 characters) = Window transmission, % h1 (5 characters) = 1st Height If detection status is 1, 2, 3, or 4 h1 = Lowest cloud base reported If detection status is 5 h1 = Vertical visibility as calculated If detection status is 0 or 6 h1 = ///// h2 (5 characters) = 2nd Height...

  • Page 83: Message 004 (Profile, Sky Condition) - Default Message

    (4 characters) = Height of the 5th cloud layer in 10 s of meters or 100 s of feet, if no 5th layer is reported h5 = ////. CR LF = Carriage Return + Line Feed NOTE: Cloud amounts and heights cannot be reported until the SkyVUE PRO has been in operation for 30 minutes. LINE 4 ETX CRC-16 EOT CR LF...
  • Page 84 LINE 1 SOH CS ID OS N STX CR LF where SOH = Start-of-Heading character CS = Always CS ID (1 character) = A single character, 0 to 9, a to z or A to Z, case sensitive. Default ID = 0 OS (3 characters) = Operating system, 001 to 999 N (3 characters) = Message number STX = Start-of-Text Character...
  • Page 85 h2 (5 characters) = 2nd Height If detection status is 2, 3, or 4 h2 = Second cloud base reported If detection status is 5 h2 = Highest signal received If detection status is 0, 1, or 6 h2 = ///// h3 (5 characters) = 3rd Height If detection status is 3 or 4 h3 = Third cloud base reported If detection status is 0, 1, 2, 5, or 6 h3 = /////...
  • Page 86 (4 characters) = Height of the 5th cloud layer in 10s of meters or 100s of feet, if no 5th layer is reported h5 = ////. CR LF = Carriage Return + Line Feed NOTE: Cloud amounts and heights cannot be reported until the SkyVUE PRO has been operating for 30 minutes. LINE 4 scaleVresVnVenergyVltVti_blVpulseVrateVsum CR LF where scale (5 characters) = Scale parameter,%, 0 to 99999.

  • Page 87: Message 005 (No Profile, Sky Condition, Mixing Layer Heights)

    where ETX = End-of-Text character CRC-16 (4 characters) = CRC-16 Checksum EOT = End-of-Transmission character CR LF = Carriage Return + Line Feed 6.3.5 MESSAGE 005 (no profile, sky condition, mixing layer heights) Only available if an unlock key is entered (Locked features (p.
  • Page 88 5 = Full obscuration determined but no cloud base detected 6 = Some obscuration detected but determined to be transparent / = Raw data input to algorithm missing or suspect WA (1 character) = Warning or alarm status: 0 = No alarm or warning W = Warning A = Alarm tr (3 characters) = Window transmission, %...
  • Page 89 (4 characters) = Height of the 5th cloud layer in 10,s of meters or 100 s of feet, if no 5th layer is reported h5h = ////. CR LF= Carriage Return + Line Feed NOTE: The SkyVUE PRO must be operating for 30 minutes before cloud amounts and heights are reported. LINE 4 mh1_q1_mh2_q2_ mh3_q3 CR LF...

  • Page 90: Message 006 (Profile, Sky Condition, Mixing Layer Heights)

    EOT= End-of-Transmission character CR LF= Carriage Return + Line Feed 6.3.6 MESSAGE 006 (profile, sky condition, mixing layer heights) Only available if a key is entered (see Locked features (p. 66)) Example message line outputs CS0001006 10 095 01732 ///// ///// ///// 800000000000 99 //// 0 //// 0 //// 0 //// 0 //// 00100 05 2048 100 +40 02 0054 0070 30 000 ///// ///// ///// ///// ///// /////...
  • Page 91 5 = Full obscuration determined but no cloud base detected 6 = Some obscuration detected but determined to be transparent / = Raw data input to algorithm missing or suspect WA (1 character) = Warning or alarm status: 0 = No alarm or warning W = Warning A = Alarm tr (3 characters) = Window transmission, %...
  • Page 92 (4 characters) = Height of the 5th cloud layer in 10 s of meters or 100 s of feet, if no 5th layer is reported h5 = ////. CR LF = Carriage Return + Line Feed NOTE: The SkyVUE PRO must be operating for 30 minutes before cloud amounts and heights are reported. LINE 4 scaleVresVnVenergyVltVtiVblVpulseVrateVsum CR LF where scale (5 characters) = Scale parameter,%, 0 to 99999.
  • Page 93 LINE 5 mh1_q1_mh2_q2_ mh3_q3 CR LF where mh1 (5 characters) = height of the 1st MLH in meters or feet q1 (5 characters) = quality parameter of the 1st MLH mh2 (5 characters) = height of the 2nd MLH in meters or feet q2 (5 characters) = quality parameter of the 2nd MLH mh3 (5 characters) = height of the 3rd MLH in meters or feet q3 (5 characters) = quality parameter of the 3rd MLH...

  • Page 94: Cl31 Messages

    6.4 CL31 messages 6.4.1 MESSAGES 101 - 106, (CL31 MESSAGE 1) Example message 101 line outputs CL017011 10 01128 ///// ///// 00000000E080 00100 10 0770 100 +40 094 02 0032 L0112HN30 000 036B200CC1002………………..EEFFB3F          (Line output cropped for clarity) e515 LINE 1 SOH CL ID OS 1 Samples STX CR LF where SOH = Start-of-Heading character...

  • Page 95: Message 005 (No Profile, Sky Condition, Mixing Layer Heights)

    6.4.2 MESSAGE 005 (no profile, sky condition, mixing layer heights) Available only when a key is entered (see Locked features (p. 66)) LINE 1 SOH CS ID OS N STX CR LF where SOH = Start-of-Heading character CS = Always C ID (1 character) = A single character, 0 to 9, a to z or A to Z, case sensitive.

  • Page 96: Table 6-4: Most Significant Alarm Word For Cs31 Messages

    h2 (5 characters) = 2nd Height If detection status is 2 or 3 h2 = Second cloud base reported If detection status is 4 h2 = Highest signal received If detection status is 0, 1, or 5 h2 = ///// h3 (5 characters) = 3rd Height If detection status is 3 h3 = Third cloud base reported If detection status is 0, 1, 2, 4, or 5 h3 = /////...

  • Page 97: Table 6-5: Middle Alarm Word For Cs31 Messages

    Table 6-5: Middle alarm word for CS31 messages Description XXXX 8000 XXXX Window contamination XXXX 4000 XXXX Battery voltage low XXXX 2000 XXXX Transmitter expires XXXX 1000 XXXX High humidity XXXX 0800 XXXX Reserved for future use XXXX 0400 XXXX Blower failure XXXX 0200 XXXX Reserved for future use...
  • Page 98 Table 6-6: Least significant alarm word for CS31 messages Description XXXX XXXX 0200 Reserved for future use XXXX XXXX 0100 Reserved for future use XXXX XXXX 0080 Units are meters if on, else feet XXXX XXXX 0040 Reserved for future use XXXX XXXX 0020 Polling mode is on XXXX XXXX 0010...

  • Page 99: Messages 107 - 112, Cl31 Message

    NOTE: This line is omitted from message 105. LINE 4 SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSS..(5 x 770 bytes) CR LF The two-way attenuated normalize backscatter profile; see Backscatter profile reporting (p. 7). CR LF = Carriage Return + Line Feed NOTE: This line is omitted from message 105. LINE 5 ETX CRC-16 EOT CR LF where...
  • Page 100 OS = Operating system, 100 to 999 2 = Always 2 Samples = backscatter resolution and number of samples 1 = MESSAGE 107, 10 m x 770 samples, range 7700 m 2 = MESSAGE 108, 20 m x 385 samples, range 7700 m 3 = MESSAGE 109, 5 m x 1500 samples, range 7500 m 4 = MESSAGE 110, 5 m x 770 samples, range 3850 m 5 = MESSAGE 111, no backscatter profile...
  • Page 101 (3 characters) = Height of the 5th cloud layer in 10 s of meters or 100 s of feet, if no 5th layer is reported h5h5h5 = ///. CR LF = Carriage Return + Line Feed NOTE: Cloud amount and height cannot be reported until the SkyVUE PRO has been operating for 30 minutes. SkyVUE™PRO (CS135) LIDAR Ceilometer...
  • Page 102 LINE 4 scaleVresVnV energyVltVtrVti_blVL0112HN15Vsum CR LF where scale (5 characters) = Scale parameter,%, 0 to 99999. 100% is typical res (2 characters) = Backscatter profile resolution in meters n (4 characters) = Profile length 385, 770, 1400, or 1500 samples energy (3 characters) = Laser pulse energy, % lt (3 characters including leading +/-) = Laser temperature, degrees C tr (3 characters) = Window transmission, %...

  • Page 103: Ct25K Messages

    6.5 CT25K messages 6.5.1 MESSAGE 113, CT25K Data Message No. 1 Example message line outputs CT02010 20 01333 01523 ///// 00000F00 LINE 1 SOH CT ID 20 10 STX CR LF where SOH = Start-of-Heading character CT = Always CT ID (1 character) = Unit number 0 to 9, A to Z (capitals only) Default ID = 0 20 = Always 20 10 = Always 10...

  • Page 104: Table 6-7: Most Significant Alarm Word For Ct25K Messages

    h1 (5 characters) = 1st Height If detection status is 1, 2, or 3 h1 = Lowest cloud base reported If detection status is 4 h1 = Vertical visibility as calculated If detection status is 0 or 5 h1 = ///// h2 (5 characters) = 2nd Height If detection status is 2 or 3 h2 = Second cloud base reported If detection status is 4 h2 = Height of highest signal detected...

  • Page 105: Table 6-8: Second Alarm Word For Ct25K Messages

    Table 6-8: Second alarm word for CT25K messages Description XXXX 8000 Blower failure XXXX 4000 Reserved for future use XXXX 2000 Reserved for future use XXXX 1000 Reserved for future use XXXX 0800 Blower on XXXX 0400 Blower heater on XXXX 0200 Internal heater on XXXX 0100...

  • Page 106: Message 114, Ct25K Data Message No

    6.5.2 MESSAGE 114, CT25K Data Message No. 6 Example message line outputs CT02060 10 01767 ///// ///// 00000F00 99 /// 0 /// 0 /// 0 /// LINE 1 SOH CT ID 20 60 STX CR LF where SOH = Start-of-Heading character CT = Always CT ID (1 character) = Unit number 0 to 9, A to Z (capitals only) Default ID = 0 20 = always 20...
  • Page 107 h1 (5 characters) = 1st Height If detection status is 1, 2, or 3 h1 = Lowest cloud base reported If detection status is 4 h1 = Vertical visibility as calculated If detection status is 0 or 5 h1 = ///// h2 (5 characters) = 2nd Height If detection status is 2 or 3 h2 = Second cloud base reported If detection status is 4 h2 = Height of highest signal detected...

  • Page 108: Maintenance

    7.6 Electrical safety testing 7.1 General The SkyVUE PRO is a robust weather resistant instrument and there is no need for routine maintenance other than cleaning. The instrument performance is monitored, and any potential problems are indicated by error messages.

  • Page 109: Removing The Cover

    cases, more frequent cleaning may be required where there are high levels of contaminants and high dependency on the instrument output. CAUTION: If the window requires cleaning, it is very important that only a proper lens cloth or lens tissue is used.

  • Page 110: Removing The Enclosure Lid

    7.4 Removing the enclosure lid 1. Remove the four screws (FIGURE 7-2 (p. 105)) 2. Pull the enclosure lid away from the electronic unit. FIGURE 7-2. Removing the enclosure lid WARNING: Opening the access door MUST be carried out by a competent person, who has sufficient training, experience and knowledge both in electrical safety and the detail and operation of the sensor.
  • Page 111 STATUS LED: 1 flash every 10 seconds = OK 2 flashes every 10 seconds = warning (possible degraded performance) 3 flashes every 10 seconds = alarm (measurements not possible) The DSP STATUS LED provides the same function as the LED visible through the top window. The red LED on the PSU flashes for 0.5 seconds: Permanently on = PSU firmware fault 1 flash every 10 seconds = PSU OK...

  • Page 112: Electrical Safety Testing

    7.6 Electrical safety testing NOTE: If carrying out insulation tests, do not use test voltages above 300 V RMS because the sensor is designed to clamp any mains input voltages above this level. Voltage clamping can result in a false failure being detected. SkyVUE™PRO (CS135) LIDAR Ceilometer...

  • Page 113: Appendix A. Measurement Of The Attenuated Backscatter Profile

    Appendix A. Measurement of the attenuated backscatter profile A.1 Initial measurement A.2 Backscatter onset height detection A.3 Produce attenuated backscatter output message A.1 Initial measurement Pulse the laser and measure the backscatter at optimal gains. Derive the impulse response and impulse correct the backscatter signal using the inverse filter derived.

  • Page 114: Produce Attenuated Backscatter Output Message

    A.3 Produce attenuated backscatter output message Range correct the backscatter to produce the attenuated backscatter. Attenuated backscatter (output), calibrated, range corrected but not tilt corrected. Smooth with a 20 m (65.6 ft) width running average. A noise gate can be applied based on a multiple of the 20 m (65.6 ft) detection threshold —...

  • Page 115: Appendix B. Cloud Height Calculation

    Appendix B. Cloud height calculation The scatter profile is inverted (using the Klett inversion technique) and an extinction profile is calculated. Cloud base heights are identified using two criteria as follows (cloud is detected if either of them is met). Criterion 1: likely cloud bases are estimated based on increasing slope of the extinction profile of at least 7 m (22.9 ft) per bin (bin width is 5 m (16.4 ft) and an extinction threshold.

  • Page 116: Appendix C. Sky Condition Algorithm Description

    Appendix C. Sky condition algorithm description The SkyVUE PRO sky condition algorithm follows guidance from ICAO and WMO documents and is based on 30 minutes of data. For this reason, sky condition is not available for 30 minutes after power cycling the sensor, a reboot, or changing measurement parameters. The sky...
  • Page 117 Where N and N are the sum of hits of each bin and H and H the respective heights. Find the pair with the minimum distance D and combine into one bin with the height of the lowest and number of hits of the combined total. This process is repeated until 5 or less bins remain.

  • Page 118: Appendix D. Replacing The Skyvue Pro Psu

    Appendix D. Replacing the SkyVUE PRO PSU The Power Supply Unit (PSU) can be replaced in the SkyVUE PRO as follows: 1. Disconnect the power to the SkyVUE PRO and open the housing. 2. Disconnect all the plugs from the PSU including the battery.
  • Page 119 SkyVUE™PRO (CS135) LIDAR Ceilometer...

  • Page 120: Appendix E. Skyvue Pro Laser/Apd Module Replacement

    4. Disconnect the cables from the Power Supply Unit (PSU) including the battery. NOTE: It is very important to disconnect the battery from the SkyVUE PRO to ensure that the laser is not powered. 5. Unscrew the two securing screws from the PSU chassis plate so it can be pulled out to gain better access to the Laser and APD module.
  • Page 121 8. The laser module and APD module have four M4 x 14 mm long socket cap screws with a plain and spring washer securing them. Two of the screws are visible and the other two cannot be seen; they are at the back and directly across from the front screws. Feel for these screws or use a mirror to help locate and loosen them.
  • Page 122 WARNING: Do not replace screws with different length screws. 9. Remove any protective film from the filters of the new APD and laser modules before mounting them. 10. Once the screws have been removed pull the module off the locating pins. Fit the new module by pushing it onto the locating pins and then re-assembling, in reverse order, using the original screws, spring washers and plain washers.

  • Page 123: Appendix F. Skyvue Pro Top Board Replacement

    4. Disconnect the cables from the Power Supply Unit (PSU) including the battery. NOTE: It is very important to disconnect the battery from the SkyVUE PRO to ensure that the laser is not powered. 5. Use a 4 mm ball-end hexagon-key to remove 3 screws from each side of the inner enclosure as shown.
  • Page 124 7. Carefully lift the inner enclosure upward until it is clear of the lens and TOP board assembly as shown. This will expose the lens and the TOP board. Do not touch the lens. SkyVUE™PRO (CS135) LIDAR Ceilometer...
  • Page 125 8. Disconnect the ribbon cable from the TOP board by pulling the two levers back towards the TOP board PCB as shown. SkyVUE™PRO (CS135) LIDAR Ceilometer...
  • Page 126 9. Remove TOP board grounding wire from under screw. Keep the screw in a secure place. 10. Observe and note the orientation and position of the rubber seal from the top edge of the board. There is a lip on the lower edge of the seal which, when reinstalled, should be on the same side of the board.
  • Page 127 12. Remove the TOP board by pulling the black anodized aluminium plate away from the back of the board. Use your thumb to pull the plate, at the same time, push the top of the TOP board with you index finger. The TOP board should then move forward and up out of its slot.
  • Page 128 24. Reconnect the sensor leads then connect to the sensor using a computer or data logger and power-on the sensor. Check the SkyVUE PRO is operating correctly by observing the response to the status command or looking at the status flags in messages.

  • Page 129: Appendix G. Self-Diagnostic Information

    Appendix G. Self-diagnostic information Use following procedure to get self-diagnostic information for troubleshooting the SkyVUE PRO: 1. In the ViewPoint terminal screen, select Connect and type OPEN 0 in the command section. SkyVUE™PRO (CS135) LIDAR Ceilometer...
  • Page 130 2. Type STATUS. 3. After the SkyVUE PRO returns the status message, in the Enter commands box, type debug 1 <Enter>, debug 2 <Enter>, debug 3 <Enter>, debug 4 <Enter>, and debug 5 <Enter>. SkyVUE™PRO (CS135) LIDAR Ceilometer...
  • Page 131 The ViewPoint screen will be similar to the following. For help in debugging the SkyVUE PRO, click the Copy button and paste the text in an email to a Campbell Scientific technical support engineer. POLL 0 6 CS135> Status Identification CS135 SN E1048 ID 0...
  • Page 132 TOP board 0000 7 -99 0 1397 1814.0 93.0 298.0 257.0 2181.0 -3.0 27.6 15.0 150.0 0.0 4926 28.1 1.00E+01 1.24E-04 1.88E-09 3.04E+03 1.20E+01 CS135>POLL 0 6 CS135> debug 3 PSU board 2 -99 0 0 174 400 13280 12000 52.1 21.3 40.5 0 12000 12000 8000 12000 12 0 52.1 53.2 292.0 216.0 0 898 83700 0 000000000000 CS135>debug 4...
  • Page 133 107.4 5.0 171.8 2.08E-06 136.9 3.9 179.0 2.03E-06 174.6 3.1 185.0 2.26E-06 222.6 2.4 189.7 2.34E-06 283.8 1.9 193.4 2.47E-06 361.9 1.5 196.5 2.64E-06 461.4 1.2 198.9 3.01E-06 588.3 1.0 201.0 3.18E-06 750.0 1.0 202.7 3.50E-06 956.3 1.0 204.2 3.71E-06 CS135>...
  • Page 134 See Product Details on the Ordering Information pages at www.campbellsci.com. Other manufacturer's products, that are resold by Campbell Scientific, are warranted only to the limits extended by the original manufacturer.
  • Page 135 Campbell Scientific office serves your country. To obtain a Returned Materials Authorization or Repair Reference number, contact your CAMPBELL SCIENTIFIC regional office. Please write the issued number clearly on the outside of the shipping container and ship as directed.
  • Page 136 Do not recharge, disassemble, heat above 100 °C (212 °F), solder directly to the cell, incinerate, or expose contents to water. Dispose of spent batteries properly. WHILE EVERY ATTEMPT IS MADE TO EMBODY THE HIGHEST DEGREE OF SAFETY IN ALL CAMPBELL SCIENTIFIC PRODUCTS, THE CUSTOMER ASSUMES ALL RISK FROM ANY INJURY RESULTING FROM IMPROPER INSTALLATION, USE, OR MAINTENANCE OF TRIPODS, TOWERS, OR...
  • Page 137 Campbell Scientific regional offices Australia France Thailand Location: Garbutt, QLD Australia Location: Vincennes, France Location: Bangkok, Thailand Phone: 61.7.4401.7700 Phone: 0033.0.1.56.45.15.20 Phone: 66.2.719.3399 Email: info@campbellsci.com.au Email: info@campbellsci.fr Email: info@campbellsci.asia Website: www.campbellsci.com.au Website: www.campbellsci.fr Website: www.campbellsci.asia Brazil Germany Location: São Paulo, SP Brazil...

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