Suggested Placement In Audio Chain; Figure 2: Placement Of Nielsen Audio Sge Within The Audio Chain - Nielsen 1000-1161 Series Equipment Manual

Equipment Manual: Encoder 1000-1161
Document #: 1050-1475
Revision: F

1.1. Suggested Placement in Audio Chain

Nielsen Audio has worked closely with numerous broadcast entities, including radio, TV and cable,
and has developed recommendations for the Encoder's optimal operation within your audio chain.
Ultimately, however, decisions regarding placement of the Nielsen Audio Encoder within the audio
chain are the responsibility of each individual broadcast facility.
In AM radio stations, Nielsen Audio recommends that the Encoder is installed after the final audio
processor (i.e. Orban Optimod, Telos Systems' Omnia, or others) to take advantage of the more
consistent audio leveling found at this point in the broadcast chain. In FM stations, Nielsen Audio
recommends that the Encoder be installed after a pre-processor and before the final audio processor
(i.e. Orban Optimod, Telos Systems' Omnia, or others). This is because the Encoder cannot operate
on composite audio format output typical of stereo generators. When placing the Encoder after the
audio processor in the signal stream, you should be aware that the signal will undergo an increase in
amplitude roughly equal to 4% modulation. Figure 2 depicts an example of the Encoder placed in the
program audio chain.
The minimum average input level to the Encoder is -20 dBFS (ten percent of Full Scale).

Figure 2: Placement of Nielsen Audio SGE within the Audio Chain

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