Zoom H4n Pro Quick Manual page 10

Setup: Built-in microphones
These are the special features of the H4n Pros built-in microphones.
High quality microphones in an XY
pattern ensure a natural stereo image
when recording sounds.
Stereo recording is often done by placing two microphones
in a V-shaped configuration. Pointing microphones
outward will result in stereo separation, but the recording
will lack definition around the center, resulting in a poor
stereo image.
The H4n Pro utilizes an XY stereo mic configuration. By
placing two microphones in a crossed pattern (opposite
angles), the H4n Pro can cover a wide area and capture
sound sources in the center with clarity and definition.
Sounds reach both mics simultaneously, so no phase
cancellation occurs between right and left channels.
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XY mic placement
Capturing the stereo image center
Ordinary stereo mic placement
Stereo images without phase cancellation.
Time lag
Ordinary stereo mic placement
90° or 120° directivity
H4n Pro stereo mic pair
Movable
H4n Pro stereo mic pair
Centered 90°
Wide 120°