Xylem SonTek River Surveyor S5 System Manual
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Xylem SonTek River Surveyor S5 System Manual

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SonTek, a Xylem brand
9940 Summers Ridge Road, San Diego, CA 92121-3091 USA
Telephone (858) 546-8327 • Fax (858) 546-8150
E-mail: inquiry@sontek.com • Internet: http://www.sontek.com
RiverSurveyor S5/M9
System Manual
Firmware Version 3.00
Copyright 2013 by SonTek, a Xylem brand. All rights reserved. This document may not, in whole or in part, be copied, photocopied,
reproduced, translated, or reduced to any electronic medium or machine-readable form without prior consent in writing from SonTek,
a Xylem brand. Every effort has been made to ensure the accuracy of this manual. However, SonTek, a Xylem brand makes no
warranties with respect to this documentation and disclaims any implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular
purpose. SonTek, a Xylem brand shall not be liable for any errors or for incidental or consequential damages in connection with the
furnishing, performance, or use of this manual or the examples herein. The information in this document is subject to change without
notice.

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Summary of Contents for Xylem SonTek River Surveyor S5

  • Page 1 Firmware Version 3.00 Copyright 2013 by SonTek, a Xylem brand. All rights reserved. This document may not, in whole or in part, be copied, photocopied, reproduced, translated, or reduced to any electronic medium or machine-readable form without prior consent in writing from SonTek, a Xylem brand.
  • Page 2 SonTek, a Xylem brand RECORD OF CHANGES Effective Description 15 FEB 2009 Initial release; CPU firmware version 1.0 15 FEB 2010 RiverSurveyor Live v1.50 support 01 OCT 2010 SmartPulseHD™ Release; FCC and CE Declarations 15 OCT 2010 RiverSurveyor Stationary Live v1.00 support...
  • Page 3 Declaration of Conformity Manufacturer’s Name: SonTek, a Xylem brand Manufacturer’s Address: 9940 Summers Ridge Road San Diego, CA 92121-3091 U.S.A. SonTek, a Xylem brand declares that the product(s): Equipment Type: Water Velocity Measurement Device Model: River Surveyor Product Name: River Surveyor S5; River Surveyor M9...
  • Page 4 SonTek, a Xylem brand Release Notice This is the February 2, 2013 release of the RiverSurveyor S5/M9 System Manual. During the creation of this manual, the following were the latest versions of firmware/software. As such, if you are using different firmware/software versions, not all aspects of this manual may apply.

  • Page 5: About This Manual

    SonTek, a Xylem brand About This Manual Thank you for your interest in using a SonTek RiverSurveyor S5 or M9 system. This RiverSur- veyor S5/M9 System Manual describes how to install and configure the RiverSurveyor system and its associated software. It includes instructions and guidelines for the most common appli- cations for which this system is used.
  • Page 6 SonTek, a Xylem brand Contact Information Any questions, concerns, or suggestions can be directed to SonTek by telephone, fax, or email. Business hours are 8:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m., Pacific Standard Time, Monday through Friday. Phone : +1 (858) 546-8327...

  • Page 7: Table Of Contents

    SonTek, a Xylem brand Table of Contents About This Manual ........................v Table of Contents ........................vii Section 1. Getting Started ....................1 1.1. What does the System do? ....................1 1.2. What’s new? ........................1 Section 2. RiverSurveyor Instrument Configuration and Options........3 2.1. RiverSurveyor Core System S5 and M9 .................3 2.2.
  • Page 8 SonTek, a Xylem brand 5.1. Overview ........................23 5.2. Applications .........................23 5.3. Pre-Measurement Tests ....................23 5.3.1. Check cables and connections ................23 5.3.2. Communications ....................23 5.3.3. System Test ......................24 5.3.4. Compass Calibration....................24 5.3.5. Recorder ........................25 5.3.6. Measurement Procedure ..................25 5.3.7. Overview........................25 5.3.8. Starting The System ....................27 5.3.9.
  • Page 9 SonTek, a Xylem brand 7.6.6. Measurement Summary (6) ...................60 7.6.7. Utilities (7) ......................61 7.7. Discharge Measurement - Data Collection ..............66 7.7.1. Starting the measurement ..................66 7.7.2. Start Edge......................66 7.7.3. Start Moving ......................68 7.7.4. End Edge .......................68 7.7.5. End Transect ......................69 7.7.6.

  • Page 11: Getting Started

    SonTek, a Xylem brand Section 1. Getting Started 1.1. What does the System do? The SonTek RiverSurveyor system is a robust and highly accurate Acoustic Doppler Profiler (ADP) system specifically designed to measure river discharge, 3-Dimensional water currents, depths, and bathymetry from a moving or stationary vessel. The RiverSurveyor system com-...
  • Page 12 SonTek, a Xylem brand reliable discharge measurement, RTK GPS allows you to measure minimum stream widths consistently to less than 1 meter. Internal Discharge Calculations – All calculations are performed inside the ADP. This gives you the increased flexibility to collect data, disconnect from the system, and then reconnect to the system during data collection without stopping the data collection process and without the fear of losing data.

  • Page 13: Riversurveyor Instrument Configuration And Options

    SonTek, a Xylem brand Section 2. RiverSurveyor Instrument Configuration and Options The RiverSurveyor discharge measurement system is flexible enough to fit most every field set- up requirement you will need. The core system includes everything you need to make a direct- connect discharge measurement from a manned powerboat and external power supply.
  • Page 14 SonTek, a Xylem brand • M9 (Figure 2): This portable, 9-beam ADP with a velocity profiling range of 0.2 to 30 m is intended for use from moving or stationary boats/floating devices in both shallow and deep channels. The M9 has a 5-inch (13-cm) diameter Delrin housing. It has two sets of velocity measurement transducers, both in a Janus configuration –...

  • Page 15: Power And Communications Module (Pcm) - Optional

    SonTek, a Xylem brand 2.2. Power and Communications Module (PCM) - Optional The PCM (Figure 4) connects directly to the S5 or M9 using a 1-m cable. It provides power to the ADP using a rechargeable battery pack. It allows for remote communications with a PC or Mobile device via a radio link.

  • Page 16: Spread Spectrum (Ss) Option

    SonTek, a Xylem brand Spread Spectrum (SS) Option 2.2.2. A PCM with the Spread Spectrum radio option provides remote communication between the PCM and the SS Base radio connected to a PC. The operational range is about 2 km. 2.3.

  • Page 17: Sontek Rtk Gps - Optional

    SonTek, a Xylem brand SonTek RTK GPS - Optional 2.3.1. The RTK GPS option provides precise (±3 cm) real-time kinematic position data to the ADP. The Bluetooth or Spread Spectrum PCM includes an internal RTK GPS receiver, an external, high-gain GPS antenna and a mounting mast. It also includes an additional Spread Spectrum radio modem for communication with the RTK Base Station.

  • Page 18: Sontek Dgps - Optional

    SonTek, a Xylem brand SonTek DGPS - Optional 2.3.2. The DGPS option provides sub meter differential GPS positioning data to the ADP. The Blue- tooth or Spread Spectrum PCM includes a DGPS receiver and external antenna. No Base Sta- tion is required for this option.

  • Page 19: System Configurations And Setup

    SonTek, a Xylem brand Section 3. System Configurations and Setup 3.1. Overview An important configuration concept to remember is that the RiverSurveyor system and all its components are completely interchangeable. Any PCM can be connected to any S5 or M9 ADP system.

  • Page 20: Configuration B - Bluetooth Communications

    SonTek, a Xylem brand 5. Figure 9 shows the hardware necessary for this option. Figure 9. Hardware Required for the Direct Connect Option 6. Start the RiverSurveyor Live for PC software and connect to the system to start the meas- urement.

  • Page 21: Hardware Setup

    SonTek, a Xylem brand Figure 10. Bluetooth Communications Option (Without GPS) Hardware Setup 3.3.2. Please use the following directions for Bluetooth communications setup. 1. Be sure to use the mounting directions from section 3.2.2 for the ADP and PCM 2. The Mobile device requires no external hardware for Bluetooth. However, the PC requires a connection to a USB-powered Bluetooth Dongle into a serial port.

  • Page 22: Configuration C - Spread Spectrum Communications

    SonTek, a Xylem brand BT Dongle Figure 11. Hardware for Bluetooth Communications Option 3.4. Configuration C – Spread Spectrum Communications Description 3.4.1. Figure 12 shows the RiverSurveyor system with wireless communications, in this case Spread Spectrum communications using a PCM on a small unmanned boat, such as the SonTek Hy- droboard.

  • Page 23: Hardware Setup

    SonTek, a Xylem brand Hardware Setup 3.4.2. Please use the following directions for Spread Spectrum communications setup. 1. Be sure to use the mounting directions from section 3.2.2 for the ADP and PCM 2. Connect the Spread Spectrum radio box to the PC by using the communications cable.

  • Page 24: Configuration D - Rtk Gps

    SonTek, a Xylem brand 3.5. Configuration D – RTK GPS Description 3.5.1. Figure 14 shows the RiverSurveyor system with RTK GPS (with precision to ±3 cm) and wire- less communications using a small, unmanned boat such as the SonTek Hydroboard. GPS po- sition data is received at 10-hz by both the RTK Base Station and ADP (on the rover).
  • Page 25 SonTek, a Xylem brand Figure 15 presents a generic or over-the-boat setup using RTK GPS. The setup can utilize ei- ther wireless or direct connect communications, which is indicated by the dashed line between the PC and PCM. The dashed line indicates a connection to the PCM in three possible ways: •...

  • Page 26: Hardware Setup

    SonTek, a Xylem brand Hardware Setup 3.5.2. There are two components used to collect RTK quality data – the RTK PCM mounted to the boat and RTK Base Station. Figure 16 shows the Bluetooth option with the RTK option. RTK PCM (Boat) Assembly 1.
  • Page 27 SonTek, a Xylem brand 4. Attach the screw-in Base Station antenna mast into the base mount. Screw in the Base Station antenna to the top of the mast. Make sure the antenna is high enough to avoid in- terference from nearby obstructions like overhead trees, bridges, or buildings. The antenna is typically mounted directly on top of the RTK Base Station;...

  • Page 28: Configuration E - Sontek Differential Gps

    SonTek, a Xylem brand 3.6. Configuration E – SonTek Differential GPS Description 3.6.1. Figure 18 shows the RiverSurveyor system with Standard DGPS and wireless communications using a SonTek Hydroboard. The standard differential GPS option has sub-meter precision. The SonTek Hydroboard is used below for conceptual purposes.

  • Page 29: Configuration F - Sontek Hydroboard

    SonTek, a Xylem brand Figure 19. Hardware for the DGPS Option with Bluetooth Communications 3.7. Configuration F - SonTek Hydroboard Description 3.7.1. The SonTek Hydroboard was designed to be lightweight enough for one person, completely as- sembled. The Hydroboard has easy to use drop-in installation mounts for the ADP and the PCM.
  • Page 30 SonTek, a Xylem brand (114.3mm). If the ADP head is mounted flush with the fairing, simply subtract the distance of the white line to the waterline from 4.5 inches to get the transducer depth. 6. After the PCM and the ADP are in place, connect the data cable between them. Start by connecting the cable’s 8-pin male connector to the female ADP connector until the face of...

  • Page 31: System Maintenance

    SonTek, a Xylem brand Section 4. System Maintenance 4.1. Overview Under normal conditions, the ADP requires little maintenance for years of reliable performance. This section discusses some routine maintenance procedures that should be followed to ensure long-term operation of your system.

  • Page 32: Mobile Device

    SonTek, a Xylem brand 7. Repeat steps 2 through 6 to charge another battery A description of all of the possible light patterns can be found on the bottom of the charger. It is important to use only completely charged SonTek battery packs. A completely charged bat- tery pack should have about 16-18 volts if you check it with a voltmeter.

  • Page 33: Introduction To Measurement Procedure

    SonTek, a Xylem brand Section 5. Introduction to Measurement Procedure 5.1. Overview This section is a general guide to prepare for and conduct discharge measurements in the field. The information presented here will discuss pre-measurement tests as well as the general pro- cedure for making a discharge measurement.

  • Page 34: System Test

    SonTek, a Xylem brand Spread Spectrum base radio is battery powered, so be sure to have fully charged batteries and to turn it on prior to starting the discharge measurement. System Test 5.3.3. This is a 60 second verification that the components of the hardware are functional. The System Test verifies the battery voltage, compass, SD memory card and temperature sensor are all functioning properly.

  • Page 35: Recorder

    SonTek, a Xylem brand Recorder 5.3.5. The Recorder Menu is provided on the Systems Tab and provides a way of managing files stored on the 8 GB memory card. You can download all or a selection of files by using the op- tions presented in the Recorder window.
  • Page 36 SonTek, a Xylem brand The Transect component can be further broken up into the Top Estimate, Middle or Measured Area and Bottom Estimate as shown in Figure 22 below: Figure 22. Cross-Sectional Areas Not Measured by the ADP Therefore the Total Discharge can be calculated by summing the Start Edge, Top Estimate, Measured Area, Bottom Estimate and End Edge.

  • Page 37: Starting The System

    SonTek, a Xylem brand Velocity Profile Extrapolation uses a power law velocity profile proposed by Chen (1991), and Simpson and Oltmann (1990), to calculate velocities above and below the Measured Area. Where u is the velocity at height z measured from the river bottom, u* is the bottom shear veloc- ity, z0 is the bottom roughness height, and b is a constant (equal to 1/6 according to Chen, 1991).

  • Page 38: Riversurveyor Live For Pc Software

    SonTek, a Xylem brand Section 6. RiverSurveyor Live for PC Software 6.1. Overview – RiverSurveyor Live for PC Software This section is a quick reference for using the RiverSurveyor Live for PC software. RiverSurvey- or Live for PC software is a discharge measurement interface for RiverSurveyor S5 and M9 sys- tems.

  • Page 39: Starting The Software

    SonTek, a Xylem brand Figure 24. Desktop Installation Follow the on screen instructions to complete installation of the software. You are now ready to use RiverSurveyor Live for PC to make a measurement 6.4. Starting the Software Upon starting the software, the main menu will be presented as shown in Figure 25 below: Figure 25.

  • Page 40: Connecting To The System

    SonTek, a Xylem brand 6.5. Connecting to the System There are three ways to connect to the ADP using the RiverSurveyor Live for PC software. Click the Connect icon on the toolbar at the top of the screen Use the Connect to RiverSurveyor system link under Connection Options...

  • Page 41: Site Information

    SonTek, a Xylem brand When the connection is established, the System Tab is displayed as shown in Figure 28. This tab allows you to enter Site Information, System Settings and Measurement Settings; download files from the Recorder and perform Pre-Measurement Tests. The COM port and baud rate ) are shown at the top.

  • Page 42: System Settings

    SonTek, a Xylem brand Figure 29. Site Information Menu 6.7. System Settings System settings are specific to the measurement site. The information is entered by clicking Change System Settings. This will allow you to enter setup information for the site as well as se- lect the Track Reference, Depth Reference and Coordinate System.
  • Page 43 SonTek, a Xylem brand Salinity – This user-defined parameter allows for a correction of the speed of sound in water based on the salinity in parts per thousand (ppt) at the face of the ADP. A value representative of the local water conditions must be entered manually to avoid potential erroneous calculations.

  • Page 44: Measurement Settings

    SonTek, a Xylem brand GGA positions divided by the travel time between those two positions. Differential corrections are required for the GGA data to reduce the amount of position error as- sociated with each measurement. The RiverSurveyor uses two types of differential corrections: “Sub-meter”...

  • Page 45: Pre-Measurement Tests And Utilities

    SonTek, a Xylem brand changed in post-processing. Below is an explanation of the fields for the Measurement Settings window. • Start Edge – Sets the default starting edge for discharge measurements (right or left bank). • Rated Discharge – Enter a rated discharge pre- or post-measurement. This infor- mation is useful for post-processing data analysis and evaluation.
  • Page 46 SonTek, a Xylem brand • During a measurement, avoid any changes to the instrument setup or its orientation to the magnetic influences detected during the compass calibration. Figure 34. Start Compass Calibration RiverSurveyor S5/M9 System Manual (February 2013)
  • Page 47 SonTek, a Xylem brand Click Stop upon completion of the compass calibration procedure. The calibration results and feedback (Figure 35) are displayed in the window. Figure 35. Compass Calibration Results Compass Calibration feedback: 1. Clean Cal (Q9 H9 V9 M5):...
  • Page 48 SonTek, a Xylem brand 3. Magnetic influence (Q0 H9 V9 M211): Failed Calibration. Please Repeat Calibration! Calibration duration = 110 seconds M211.00 = Magnetic influence is unacceptable Q0 = Non-uniform magnetic field H9 = Complete horizontal rotation V9 = High pitch/roll Recommendation(s): Magnetic influence needs to be reduced in order to calibrate compass.
  • Page 49 SonTek, a Xylem brand Q9 = Magnetic field is uniform H9 = Complete horizontal rotation V7 = High pitch/roll Recommendation(s): Avoid any changes to the instrument setup or its orientation to the magnetic influences detected during the compass calibration. Measurements should be made in locations with similar magnetic influences as the location of the compass calibration.

  • Page 50: System Test

    SonTek, a Xylem brand M5.00 = Magnetic influence is acceptable Q9 = Magnetic field is uniform H9 = Complete horizontal rotation V9 = High pitch/roll Recommendation(s): The required duration of the compass calibration is between 1 and 2 minutes. System Test 6.9.2.

  • Page 51: Beamcheck

    SonTek, a Xylem brand Figure 37. Set System Time Window BeamCheck 6.9.4. BeamCheck displays the SNR (Signal to Noise Ratio) of each beam versus range. Click the BeamCheck link to start the utility. A popup window (Figure 38) will appear displaying the serial number of the system and the selected beam frequency.

  • Page 52: Update Firmware

    SonTek, a Xylem brand Figure 39. BeamCheck Graph Update Firmware 6.9.5. This allows users to update firmware from the utilities window by selecting a file from the PC. Typically users can download new firmware files (.a79 extension) from the SonTek webpage.

  • Page 53: 6.10. Recorder

    SonTek, a Xylem brand Figure 40. SonTek GPS Option Menus 6.10. Recorder The Recorder Menu is provided on the Systems Tab and provides a way of managing files stored on the 8 GB memory card. You can download all or a selection of files by using the op- tions presented in the Recorder window.

  • Page 54: Start System

    SonTek, a Xylem brand Figure 41. Steps for Making a Discharge Measurement Start System 6.11.1. Click the Start a Measurement (F5) button to start data collection. Figure 42 shows where that button is located on the System tab. Note that this does not record any data. Instead it allows the data from the system to be viewed to make sure the system is operating correctly.
  • Page 55 SonTek, a Xylem brand Figure 43. Data Collection – Start Edge (F5) Figure 44. Data Collection – Edge Information RiverSurveyor S5/M9 System Manual (February 2013)

  • Page 56: Start Moving

    SonTek, a Xylem brand Start Moving 6.11.3. Click the Start Moving button (or F5) and the Transect window (Figure 45) will be displayed. Try to keep the vessel speed and direction constant as it progresses across the river to the end edge.

  • Page 57: End Transect

    SonTek, a Xylem brand Figure 46. Data Collection – End Edge Figure 47. Data Collection - End Edge dialog box End Transect 6.11.5. Click the End Transect (Figure 48) button upon completion of the end edge. This automatically opens a new data collection window so you can start a new measurement. The system is still running, so if you need to make another measurement, click the Start Edge button (or F5) to begin again as instructed in Section 6.11.2.

  • Page 58: 6.12. Discharge Measurement Summary

    SonTek, a Xylem brand or press F8 to stop. It is recommended to go to the System tab and download the recorded da- ta files upon completion of all the measurements. Figure 48. Data Collection - End Transect 6.12. Discharge Measurement Summary By clicking the Discharge Summary icon, you can show or hide the Discharge Summary window at the bottom of the desktop.
  • Page 59 SonTek, a Xylem brand Additionally, you can select data to include or exclude from the discharge calculation by simply clicking to activate or deactivate the check box. The Discharge Summary has the following op- tions that can be used in post processing:...

  • Page 60: Riversurveyor Live For Mobile

    SonTek, a Xylem brand Section 7. RiverSurveyor Live for Mobile 7.1. Overview—RiverSurveyor Live for Mobile Software Due to combined portability and ease of use, we recommend the Mobile device for making dis- charge measurements. The RiverSurveyor Live for PC software (described in section 6) can al- so be used for making discharge measurements and has the added ability to apply powerful da- ta viewing and post-processing capabilities (described in section 8).
  • Page 61 SonTek, a Xylem brand 4. Click the Explore button in ActiveSync (My Documents folder on the Mobile). 5. Paste the RiverSurveyor Live.CAB file to the open folder (My Documents) from the Ex- plore window 6. In the Mobile device, use File Manager to open My Documents (Figure 51).

  • Page 62: Navigation And Controls For Mobile Device

    SonTek, a Xylem brand Figure 53. RiverSurveyor Icon in Application List Figure 54. RiverSurveyor Icon on Shortcut List 7.4. Navigation and Controls for Mobile Device RiverSurveyor Live for Mobile has an intuitive design for navigation and control through its vari- ous menus.

  • Page 63: Starting The Software And Connecting To The System

    SonTek, a Xylem brand Figure 55. Mobile Device Functions 7.5. Starting the Software and Connecting to the System To start RiverSurveyor Live for Mobile: 1. Select Start on the bottom left of the Mobile device screen. 2. Use the arrow keys to navigate to the RiverSurveyor Live for Mobile applica- tion icon and select it.

  • Page 64: Preparing For A Measurement - Main Menu

    SonTek, a Xylem brand From the list, select the desired system and press the corresponding soft key to Connect (Figure 57). In the case that only one system is found, the software will connect automatically. In the case that no RiverSurveyor system is found or within range, a “No device found” will be displayed.

  • Page 65: Site Information (1)

    SonTek, a Xylem brand Site Information (1) 7.6.1. On the Site Information screen (Figure 59), specific site information such as Site Name, Station Number, Location, Party, Boat/Motor, Measurement Number, and Comments can be entered. To enter data, use the letter keys and the arrow keys to move between fields.
  • Page 66 SonTek, a Xylem brand Transducer Depth – This is the distance that the vertical beam transducer is submerged below the surface. Figure 61 shows a basic diagram that depicts an ADP’s transducer face submerged in water. Transducer depth corresponds to the depth of water to which the transducer face is submerged.

  • Page 67: Track And Depth Reference (3)

    SonTek, a Xylem brand Screening Distance – This is the distance below the face of the ADP that you want to start col- lecting data. In essence, this setting allows you to program the ADP to start collecting data be- low a certain point.

  • Page 68: Compass Calibration (4)

    SonTek, a Xylem brand sociated with each measurement. The RiverSurveyor uses two types of differential corrections: “Sub-meter” differential and “Real-Time Kinematic” (RTK). VTG GPS-referenced velocity: GPVTG (VTG) refers to a specific NMEA-0183 proto- col for outputting GPS velocity data. In this case, the VTG string contains the actual boat speed information along with several other GPS parameters.

  • Page 69: Download Recorder (5)

    SonTek, a Xylem brand Figure 64. Compass Calibration Menu At the end of calibration process, select , and a calibration score will be displayed as DONE shown in Figure 65, and will be saved to the SD memory card. Using the example below, the calibration score is M6.20Q7.

  • Page 70: Measurement Summary (6)

    SonTek, a Xylem brand • Download Selected Files: Downloads individually selected files to the SD storage card. • Format Recorder: Erases all data files on the ADP/system recorder. Transferring files from the Mobile device to PC is easy: Simply insert the SD card from the Mo- bile device into the PC, and access the files as you would a USB drive.

  • Page 71: Utilities (7)

    SonTek, a Xylem brand Using the Menu Key, you can display 12 different data fields using 4 different view options. Al- ternatively, you can press the number keys 1, 2, 3 or 4 to change views (Figure 68). Figure 68. Menu Options in the Measurement Summary Important Note: Turning off the Mobile device will clear all records from the Measurement Summary on the Mobile device.
  • Page 72 SonTek, a Xylem brand System Information (Figure 70): Shows system type, serial number and firmware version. Figure 70. Utilities – System Information Discharge Measurement Settings (Figure 71): Information that is applied to the discharge measurement. • Start Edge – Sets the default starting edge for discharge measurements (right or left bank).
  • Page 73 SonTek, a Xylem brand System Test (Figure 72): Runs a diagnostic test confirming the status of the battery, tempera- ture sensor, internal 8-GB recorder, and compass. When finished, the system reports the test results and saves them to a file in the SonTek Data folder of the SD card of the Mobile device.
  • Page 74 SonTek, a Xylem brand SonTek GPS Option: Confirms the current SonTek GPS application and provides the option to change to a different application (Figure 74). For RTK GPS applications, you can change from RTK quality GPS to Differential quality GPS and vice versa. However, systems with only Differ- ential quality GPS cannot change to RTK quality GPS based on hardware constraints.
  • Page 75 SonTek, a Xylem brand Figure 76 shows the Find File screen that displays a menu for finding the firmware upgrade file. If a file is not selected, an error message is displayed. You can navigate with the up/down keys and select with the enter key. Additional options are available via the option.

  • Page 76: Discharge Measurement - Data Collection

    SonTek, a Xylem brand 7.7. Discharge Measurement - Data Collection Below is a detailed procedure for conducting a discharge measurement. In general the process has five steps which include the following: 1. Start a Measurement 2. Start Edge 3. Start Moving/Transect 4.
  • Page 77 SonTek, a Xylem brand Figure 79. Data collection - Start Edge Figure 80. Data Collection - Start Edge Inputs Figure 81 shows the RiverSurveyor collecting data after entering inputs. Collect START EDGE at least 10 profiles/samples edge and select START MOVING to go to the next step. At this point, it is important to make sure the system is running and collecting samples.

  • Page 78: Start Moving

    SonTek, a Xylem brand Start Moving 7.7.3. Before moving the vessel across the transect, press Start Moving. Now start moving the sys- tem smoothly and slowly across the channel. Figure 82 displays the Start Moving screen. Figure 82. Data collection - Start Moving This window shows the data as it’s being collected across the channel.

  • Page 79: End Transect

    SonTek, a Xylem brand Figure 84. Data collection - End Edge Figure 85. Data collection - End Edge information End Transect 7.7.5. Figure 86 shows the End Transect screen. Press the End Transect button to complete the measurement. Figure 86. End Transect Screen...

  • Page 80: Data Collection - Swapping Between Mobile Device And Pc

    SonTek, a Xylem brand After the transect ends, the Measurement Summary screen appears (Figure 87). It shows data from each transect as well as statistical calculations. Arrow keys allow movement from cell to cell. Using the Select key in the left column includes/excludes transects, which changes the sta- tistics.

  • Page 81: Transferring Data From Mobile Device To Pc

    SonTek, a Xylem brand To swap from the Mobile device to a PC, disconnect from the system during data collection. This is done by pressing the Menu button and then Disconnect as displayed in Figure 88 Simp- ly connect to the system with a PC or other Mobile device to continue with the measurement.

  • Page 82: Reviewing Data Files/Post-Processing

    SonTek, a Xylem brand Section 8. Reviewing Data Files/Post-Processing 8.1. Overview This section is to be used as a guide to open, view and post-process data files using the River- Surveyor Live for PC software. An initial explanation will describe the layout of the data and the various tabular views.

  • Page 83: Application Layout

    SonTek, a Xylem brand 8.3. Application Layout The application layout is divided into seven sections, shown below in Figure 91 Figure 91. Application Layout for PC Software Main Toolbar Icons 8.3.1. The Main Toolbar at the top of the screen provides quick links to open files, connect to an ADP and change the program views and settings.

  • Page 84: Data File Tabs

    SonTek, a Xylem brand Data file Tabs 8.3.2. Figure 91 highlights the location of the Data file tabs. Each tab is an open file with the year, month, day, hour, minute, second format (i.e. YYYYMMDDHHMMSS). The tabs are used to toggle between open data files.

  • Page 85: Tab Windows Selection

    SonTek, a Xylem brand Figure 93. Profile View – WaterTrack Another useful plot for the profile graph is to select Summary and then Discharge. This will pre- sent a graph that plots the profile extrapolation with the area under the graph being the incre- mental discharge for the sample/profile.
  • Page 86 SonTek, a Xylem brand System Tab Figure 95 shows the System tab view of a data file in RiverSurveyor Live for PC. To alternate between the views, select the tabs at the bottom of the window to view and analyze the data.
  • Page 87 SonTek, a Xylem brand data using the up/down keys to browse the samples and use the left/right arrow keys to start at the left/right bank respectively. Figure 96. Samples Tab Navigation Tab The Navigation tab (Figure 97) has three sections – incremental profile data (left), navigational graphics (main area) and transect view (bottom).
  • Page 88 SonTek, a Xylem brand Edges Tab The Edges tab (Figure 98) provides a detailed tool for evaluating data collected on the start/end edges of a discharge measurement. The Edges tab has three sections – incremental profile da- ta (left), navigation data for both edges (main) and transect data for both edges (bottom).

  • Page 89: Discharge Measurement Summary

    SonTek, a Xylem brand Figure 99. Data View -Transect Tab Graphs can be modified by right-clicking on the left or right vertical axis and selecting from the options provided. The middle graph displays the path of the boat with the velocity vectors. The velocity vectors at a good site should be roughly perpendicular to the path of the boat.

  • Page 90: Processing Toolbox

    SonTek, a Xylem brand Figure 100. Discharge Measurement Summary All records are ordered by date/time with icons for starting edge, depth and track reference and coordinate system. All records can be selected or deselected by clicking with the mouse; this af- fects the statistics presented and is a quick and easy way to understand what effect each measurement has on the overall average of the measurements for the site.
  • Page 91 SonTek, a Xylem brand 1. Open the data file you need to export 2. Open the Processing Toolbox 3. Select the System Settings page 4. Set the Track/Velocity Reference to “System” 5. Set the Coordinate System to “Beam” 6. Press the Export to MATLAB button...
  • Page 92 SonTek, a Xylem brand Figure 102. System Settings - Processing Toolbox Edge Estimates (Figure 103) – Allows the modification of Left/Right Bank settings in order to better define the characteristics regarding channel width and the slope of the edges. These set- tings have an important impact on the discharge calculation.
  • Page 93 SonTek, a Xylem brand Profile Extrapolation (Figure 104) – Allows you to change the way the top/bottom estimates are calculated. In general, the default settings are adequate for most applications. The Method, Cells to Use, and % of Profile fields have dropdown menus. The Coefficient, Discard Last, and Cell(s) fields are manual entries.

  • Page 94: Hot Keys/Accelerators

    SonTek, a Xylem brand Figure 105. Thresholds - Processing Toolbox 8.4. Hot Keys/Accelerators Table 3 presents a list of Hotkeys/Accelerators which can be used via the keyboard, often in place of a mouse click. These Hot Keys are useful in many processes including data collection, data processing, managing data files and viewing data.
  • Page 95 SonTek, a Xylem brand • Visually review each measurement by clicking on each tab or by using Ctrl+Tab • Evaluate BottomTrack vs. GPS (if applicable) to observe any compass, GPS or moving bed issues. • Make sure the magnetic declination is set appropriately for the site (the default setting is zero).
  • Page 96 SonTek, a Xylem brand o Channel width and discharge areas should be similar o Uncheck or delete problematic records RiverSurveyor S5/M9 System Manual (February 2013)

  • Page 97: Appendix A. Description Of Riversurveyor Live Icons

    SonTek, a Xylem brand Appendix A. Description of RiverSurveyor Live Icons Bluetooth is a wireless short-range communications technology allowing data transmission over short distances from fixed and mobile devices. When users apply this method of communi- cation between their PC or Mobile device and the ADP, a blue icon indicates that Bluetooth is active, while a red icon represents inactive (icons below).
  • Page 98 SonTek, a Xylem brand • RTK Quality GPS provides 0.03 m accuracy • Differential Quality GPS provides sub 1-meter accuracy • GGA Uncorrected provides greater that 1-m accuracy VTG is the GPS vector track and speed over ground data string for the system. The VTG (Vec- tor track and speed over ground) data string presents Track and ground speed information (boat speed over the water) as well as other information.
  • Page 99 SonTek, a Xylem brand Data Collection is verified using the two icons below. Blue rotating arrows indicate that the sys- tem is actively collecting data. The red clock-like icon indicates that the system is not collecting data and a detailed review of system and application settings should be completed in order to identify any possible problems.
  • Page 100 SonTek, a Xylem brand Discharge Summary Menu Bar (Desktop version) presents four icons that allows various post processing options and are described below: Discharge Summary Report – Opens a printer-friendly window that presents the col- lected data in a pre-defined report format.
  • Page 101 SonTek, a Xylem brand Bottom Track – Applies data from the velocity transducers from the S5 (four 3 MHz transducers) and M9 (four 3 MHz transducers and four 1 MHz transducers) to determine water depth for the cross-sectional area. RiverSurveyor S5/M9 System Manual (February 2013)

  • Page 102: Appendix B. Parameter And Hotkey Descriptions

    SonTek, a Xylem brand Appendix B. Parameter and Hotkey Descriptions This appendix describes the parameters that can be displayed during data collection using the RiverSurveyor Live for Mobile software. There are a number of views available during data col- lection. Each may be accessed using a Hotkey or selecting a viewing option from the menu.
  • Page 103 SonTek, a Xylem brand Transducer Distance the vertical beam transducer is submerged into water Depth column Salinity User defined parameter that allows for a correction of the speed of sound in water based on the salinity in parts per thousand...

  • Page 104: Appendix C. Matlab Export

    SonTek, a Xylem brand Appendix C. MATLAB Export The MATLAB output is ordered into a series of structures each containing their related parame- ters and settings. The tables below describe each structure and their contents and it is current as of version 3.60 of the RiverSurveyor Live software.
  • Page 105 SonTek, a Xylem brand System Core system related parameters: Compass, Temperature, Time, SNR, Voltage and Profiling settings Transformation_Matrices System frequencies and transformation matrices WaterTrack Water velocity and profiling variables in coordinates selected for output *This structure is only exported from RiverSurveyor Stationary software...
  • Page 106 SonTek, a Xylem brand RawGPSData structure (This structure contains 50 columns per sample because the instru- ment samples the GPS port at 50 Hz. However, because we require the GPS to output normal- ly only up to 10 Hz, typically only the first 10 columns contain data, while the remaining 40 are...
  • Page 107 SonTek, a Xylem brand extrapolation_Top_nCells Profile Extrapolation - Top: Number of cells used in extrapolation extrapolation_Bottom_nFitType Profile Extrapolation - Bottom: Fit equation type (0 = Constant fit; 1 = Power fit) extrapolation_Bottom_nEntirePro Profile Extrapolation - Bottom: Fit (0 = Use entire pro- file;...
  • Page 108 SonTek, a Xylem brand top_Cells Which cells used for top extrapolation top_Percentage Percentage used in top extrapolation bottom_Fit_Type Extrapolation type for bottom fit Whether using a set number of bottom cells or not in bottom_Use_Cells extrapolation bottom_Exponent Exponent used in bottom extrapolation...
  • Page 109 SonTek, a Xylem brand 4 = End Edge Pings Number of pings for each sample NS x 1 Units Units for above parameters (Time is seconds from 01/Jan/2000) Transformationatrices structure Parameter Name Description Size Frequency Frequencies available for the system...

  • Page 110: Appendix D. Troubleshooting

    SonTek, a Xylem brand Appendix D. Troubleshooting 1. Communications a. PCM (Power and Communications Module) a) Be sure the dummy plug is installed and the locking sleeve is secured b) Be sure the battery pack in the PCM is fully charged c) Bluetooth Radios 1.
  • Page 111 SonTek, a Xylem brand Differential quality GPGGA data (sub meter accuracy). It usually takes ap- proximately 5 minutes to connect to this level of quality of data. No action required by user unless RTK quality is required. Be sure that the systems (Base Station and RiverSurveyor) have clear sky view antenna and that SS connections are correct.
  • Page 112 SonTek, a Xylem brand No depth-lock for either the Bottom Track or Vertical Beam. Some environ- mental conditions (such as bed conditions or grass/weeds) may also result in inva- lid depth detection. Bottom Track not available or not installed. Battery level in the system is at 10%. Finish data collection immediately or risk losing data.
  • Page 113 SonTek, a Xylem brand b) Select the Applications Icon to open an additional list of Programs c) Select Bluetooth and then Bluetooth Manager d) Select option 6, Settings e) Use arrow keys to activate Bluetooth e. If Bluetooth or other issues persist, there are two ways to reset the mobile device a) If the phone is on: 1.
  • Page 114 SonTek, a Xylem brand Table 4: HDOP Value Descriptions HDOP Rating Description Value This is the highest possible confidence level to be used for applications de- Ideal manding the highest possible precision at all times. At this confidence level, positional measurements are considered accurate Excellent enough to meet all but the most sensitive applications.
  • Page 115 SonTek, a Xylem brand Before RTK Lock: Scenario Base Station Software Indicator for PCM Status Action GPGGA GPVTG Lock Lock Lock Lock Qual Icon Icon Hardware fail- No power to GPS board Send back both the ure in Base Sta- in both PCM and Base power/comm.
  • Page 116 SonTek, a Xylem brand No GPS lock in No clear view of the sky Make sure PCM GPS for PCM GPS antenna antenna has clear view of the sky to get GPS lock GPS lock in GPS antenna of the...
  • Page 117 SonTek, a Xylem brand GPS lock in RTK, fixed integer (best PCM with RTK option) lock RiverSurveyor S5/M9 System Manual (February 2013)

  • Page 119: Appendix E. Software Changes

    SonTek, a Xylem brand Appendix E. Software Changes RiverSurveyor Live v1.50 1. Multi-Language Support RiverSurveyor Live software has full language and date/time/numerical support for the fol- lowing languages: • English • Spanish • Catalan • Chinese (Simplified) • French •...
  • Page 120 SonTek, a Xylem brand Track Window settings are now global (i.e. a change to the setting on one graph affects ALL Track Windows). Settings include: • AutoScale • AutoRotate • Show Velocity Vectors • UTM Display • Tracks When a GIS Map is loaded, right clicking on the Track Window displays the popup menu with a GIS sub-menu.
  • Page 121 SonTek, a Xylem brand The splitter for the Discharge Measurement Summary has been repositioned to display 6 measurements plus statistics by default. The Summary only displays data for completed transects. Export to .dis from discharge summary table includes Start Date.
  • Page 122 SonTek, a Xylem brand RiverSurveyor Live Mobile v1.50 1. Multi-Language Support RiverSurveyor Live software has full language and date/time/numerical support for the fol- lowing languages: • English • Spanish • Catalan • Chinese (Simplified) • French • German • Italian •...
  • Page 123 SonTek, a Xylem brand 6. Click the “Change Language” button and it will take you to the language selection dialog. 7. Unlike the RiverSurveyor Live PC software, you can only change languages from “Application Settings” dialog. 8. To change decimal and thousand separators to particular locale in the software ap- plication, you have to change locale manually in the phone.
  • Page 124 SonTek, a Xylem brand RiverSurveyor Live v2.50 RiverSurveyor Stationary Live v1.50 1. Data Storage • Data files are saved to the computer as well as the M9/S5 recorder. This eliminates the need to download files to process them if communications are not lost during a meas- urement.
  • Page 125 SonTek, a Xylem brand 5. Discharge Summary Report • Water temperature, compass calibration, system test and moving bed test results are displayed. • Comments for each transect are displayed. • A change in the Site Information is updated properly. •...
  • Page 126 SonTek, a Xylem brand RiverSurveyor Live v3.00 RiverSurveyor Mobile v3.00 1. Smart Page Setup This feature provides a step by step guide through the system setup with real-time feedback to collect the most reliable discharge measurements. System functional test results (such as a compass calibration) as well as system settings are stored in the data file for easier ac- cess in post-processing.
  • Page 127 SonTek, a Xylem brand Power, and No Slip. The new 3-point slope method for top extrapolation uses the top three cells to calculate a best-fit line (least squares regression); this slope is then applied from the top cell to the water surface. The new No Slip method for bottom extrapolation uses the cells available in the lower 20% of the water depth to determine a power-fit forcing it through zero at the bed.
  • Page 128 SonTek, a Xylem brand RiverSurveyor Live v3.50 1. Improved Compass Calibration Feedback The compass calibration feedback for the new SonTek compass (v2.00 or later) is improved. The compass calibration dialog includes a time series chart and graphical interface to guide the user to perform the best possible compass calibration.
  • Page 129 SonTek, a Xylem brand 3. Pre-Deployment Template 1. Ability to create station template from start page 2. Ability to save station template from start page 3. Ability to save station template from already collected data file 4. Ability to retrieve station template and use it for data collection 4.

  • Page 130: Appendix F. Smartpulse Principles

    SonTek, a Xylem brand HD™ Appendix F. SmartPulse Principles HD™ SmartPulse is name chosen for the new profiling capabilities of the RiverSurveyor M9 and S5. In general terms, it works as follows: The RiverSurveyor continuously tracks water velocity and depth. Based upon these val- ues, it selects the optimum processing configuration.

  • Page 131: Appendix G. Stationary Measurement Software

    SonTek, a Xylem brand o Depths less than 2 meters use 0.1 m cells o Depths 2-4 meters use 0.2 m cells. o Depths greater than 4 meters use 0.4 m cells. In water depths greater than 5.0 m, the system uses 1 MHz incoherent pings with the cell size optimized based upon the current water depth.

  • Page 132: G-2. System Requirements

    SonTek, a Xylem brand tionary Live software, however, the ADP operates from a fixed mounted position, stationary vessel, or platform (such as a SonTek Hydroboard or Tri-hull boat). This measurement procedure is similar to that used for the SonTek FlowTracker and is in ad- herence to ISO velocity area measurement techniques.

  • Page 133: G-4. Making A Measurement

    SonTek, a Xylem brand Click the Install RiverSurveyor Stationary Live option. The installation wizard (Figure 107) will display step-by-step instructions to install the software. Figure 107. Desktop Installation Follow the on screen instructions to complete installation of the software. You are now ready to use RiverSurveyor Stationary Live to make a measurement.
  • Page 134 SonTek, a Xylem brand profile for each station is computed from data from all valid cells above the riverbed. The width of a single station is determined to be the sum of half the distance to the previous station and half the distance to the following station.

  • Page 135: G-5. Selecting A Measurement Location

    SonTek, a Xylem brand • The magnetic-north heading (azimuth) of the tagline is measured. This is the compass orientation of the tagline in the direction of the right river bank. Setting the tagline azi- muth is important because it allows the M9/S5 to rotate freely around the sample loca- tion and still measure the correct mean-station velocity by using its internal compass to resolve the true direction of velocity and then calculate the normal velocity to the tagline.

  • Page 136: G-6. M9/S5 Mounting And Instrument Orientation

    SonTek, a Xylem brand however it may take longer to establish a mean profile (i.e. the averaging interval may need to be increased). • The cross-section should have gradual changes in depth. • Flow along the riverbanks should be low or close to zero.

  • Page 137: G-7. Software Operation

    SonTek, a Xylem brand tions especially when you are deploying the system from a small boat with a line. In this case, the boat can freely rotate into the current as it changes in the cross-section and using the inter- nal compass it will accurately compute the true velocity and normal velocity.
  • Page 138 SonTek, a Xylem brand Figure 110. Main Menu Start the software from the Start button and then Programs | SonTek Software | Stationary- Measurement. The start screen will be displayed as shown above in Figure 110. Connect to your system by selecting the Connect to RiverSurveyor System (Ctrl-N).
  • Page 139 SonTek, a Xylem brand Figure 112. Start Page This screen is used to input site information, program system settings, rated discharge (to com- pute percent measured for each station), and perform utility functions. Once you have input this information you can press the Start a Measurement (F5) button to begin your measurement.
  • Page 140 SonTek, a Xylem brand Figure 113. Site Information G-7.4 Step 2: System Settings Click System Settings to input Tagline Azimuth, Salinity, Track Reference, and Depth Refer- ence. This will display the System Settings dialog (Figure 114). Just like the Site Information di- alog, press the Tab key to step through each of the displayed parameters.
  • Page 141 SonTek, a Xylem brand Figure 115. Tagline Azimuth If you have previously determined the tagline azimuth for this site then simply input that value and proceed to the next tab. If you do not know the azimuth you can use the system's internal compass to determine the tagline azimuth by pressing press Get Tagline Azimuth which will display the Get Tagline Azimuth dialog, shown below in Figure 116.
  • Page 142 SonTek, a Xylem brand Follow the simple procedure outlined in the Get Tagline Azimuth dialog as follows: Align the M9/S5 power and communications connector to point directly down- stream. If you are deploying the instrument from a floating platform (i.e. boat, tri-hull, hydroboard, etc…) then simply lower the boat into the water and allow...
  • Page 143 SonTek, a Xylem brand Salinity: Input the water salinity (0 – 34.5 ppt) at the transducer face (freshwater = 0, sea water = 34.5 ppt). Figure 118. Salinity Track Reference: Select either System (default) or Bottom-Track as a track reference Figure 119.
  • Page 144 SonTek, a Xylem brand Depth Reference: Select either Vertical Beam or Bottom-Track as a depth reference Figure 120. Depth Reference The M9/S5 measures depth using a center vertical beam and also a 4-beam averaged depth. In most cases, the vertical beam will be preferred to provide a depth reading directly below the instrument.
  • Page 145 SonTek, a Xylem brand Figure 121. Start Edge Press the Cancel button to return to the system settings page and review the current system and data collection settings. The Start Edge (Station 1) dialog will show several parameters, but only the relevant fields will be enabled in this step.
  • Page 146 SonTek, a Xylem brand minimum of 2 valid cells and that the SNR profile plot shows the beams are measuring similar depths and are not obstructed by something below the water surface. Figure 122. Raw Sample Display Once the M9/S5 is in position, enter all relevant information into the appropriate field. On the far right side of the station dialog is the graphical display of the vertical water column for the Sta- tion.
  • Page 147 SonTek, a Xylem brand Island Edge: Select to insert an island in the measurement section Figure 123. Station Dialog Press the Measure button to begin collecting data, Cancel to go back to review the measured station information, or End Edge to input the end edge location information. If you press Cancel to go back, you must press Next Station (F5) in the upper left hand corner of the window to pro- ceed with the measurement.
  • Page 148 SonTek, a Xylem brand Figure 124. Measurement Results Duplicate this process for the entire transect. When you have completed data collection of the last station, press End Edge to input the ending edge location. Press OK to end the measure- ment.
  • Page 149 SonTek, a Xylem brand Figure 125. Data Collection Screen Inserting a Station The operator can insert a station at any time during the measurement. In the station dialog, the operator will input a station location to be inserted and click Measure. The inserted station will be sorted and included in the total discharge calculation.
  • Page 150 SonTek, a Xylem brand Figure 126. Island Edge RiverSurveyor S5/M9 System Manual (February 2013)

  • Page 151: G-8. Discharge Measurement Report

    SonTek, a Xylem brand G-8. Discharge Measurement Report The Discharge Measurement Report is a formatted report-style summary of the current meas- urement. Click the Report button in the toolbar to display the Report. The Summary is designed to be informative, easy to use and output the data in exactly the same format as it is entered.
  • Page 152 SonTek, a Xylem brand G-8.1 Discharge Uncertainty Calculation The Discharge Measurement Report includes the estimated uncertainty of every discharge measurement. This calculation is done two different ways: Statistical or ISO. • The Statistical (abbreviated Stats) uncertainty calculation uses a method developed by re- searchers at the U.S.
  • Page 153 SonTek, a Xylem brand • Velocity o In the Statistical calculation, this term includes both uncertainty in the velocity measurement and the effect of changes in velocity between stations. o In the ISO calculation, this term includes only the uncertainty in velocity meas- urements.

  • Page 154: Appendix H. Loop Method

    SonTek, a Xylem brand Appendix H. Loop Method Introduction: The “Loop Method” is used for correcting discharges biased by a moving bed. The RiverSur- veyor Live moving-boat software uses calculations and procedures documented in the USGS Scientific Investigations Report 2006-5079 by David S. Mueller and Chad R. Wagner, prepared with the cooperation of Environment Canada (http://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2006/5079/).
  • Page 155 SonTek, a Xylem brand Mueller and Wagner. SonTek/YSI recommends that this step-by-step procedure is reviewed prior to attempting a Loop Method measurement using the RiverSurveyor Live software. The Loop Method can be performed using either the PC or mobile Riversurveyor Live software.
  • Page 156 SonTek, a Xylem brand Figure 128. Utilities Menu - Loop Method 6. In the PC software, a Loop Method window will appear in front of the transect page as shown in Figure 129. Make sure the boat is stationary and located at your starting position.
  • Page 157 SonTek, a Xylem brand Figure 129. Start Loop Method Figure 130. Stop Loop Method RiverSurveyor S5/M9 System Manual (February 2013)
  • Page 158 SonTek, a Xylem brand 7. After returning to the starting position and the boat is stationary, press the Stop button (Figure 130). There will be a slight pause as the loop calculation is performed. The results will be displayed the PC software as shown in Figure 131: Figure 131.
  • Page 159 SonTek, a Xylem brand Figure 132. Loop Correction File 4. The Loop Method results will be processed and displayed as shown in Figure 133. Click Close after the results are reviewed. Figure 133. Loop Method Results 5. The moving bed speed is now calculated. Prior to applying the correction, you must first open the Processing Toolbox by clicking the Tools icon (Ctrl+T) on the tool bar located at the top of the screen.
  • Page 160 SonTek, a Xylem brand Figure 134. Loop Method Processing 6. Click on the LC icon at the end of the Track Reference options in the Processing Toolbox on the right side of the screen. Click Apply to all to apply the loop correction to the open measurements.
  • Page 161 SonTek, a Xylem brand 7. Click the Discharge Summary Report icon under the Discharge Summary table to gener- ate the final discharge summary report. The final report will display the entire Loop Method analysis along with measured and loop corrected discharge values as shown in Figure 136: Figure 136.

  • Page 162: Appendix I. Castaway Ctd Integration

    SonTek, a Xylem brand Appendix I. CastAway CTD Integration Background - Sound Speed and Acoustic Measurements Underwater acoustic measurements, particularly acoustic depth range measurements, are de- pendent on information about the speed of sound in the water to collect accurate data. Sound can travel through the water at different speeds based on changes in temperature, salinity and density (Table 5).
  • Page 163 SonTek, a Xylem brand highly accurate flow measurements in our rivers and oceans and with more ADP data being used for measurements other than velocity such as discharge and bathymetry, the need for ap- plying sound speed corrections to ADP data is increasing.
  • Page 164 SonTek, a Xylem brand automatically, the software applies the .ctd file collected closest to the start of the discharge measurement. After applying the sound speed correction you can instantly view the effect of the correction on the discharge calculation. Figure 139. CastAway CTD Sound Speed Correction and UTM Track Location...

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