Yamaha CS1X Owner's Manual page 54

MIDI is an acronym that stands for Musical Instrument Digital Interface, which allows electronic musical instruments to
communicate with each other, by sending and receiving compatible Note, Control Change, Program Change and
various other types of MIDI data, or messages.
The CS1x can control a MIDI device by transmitting note related data and various types of controller data. The CS1x can
be controlled by the incoming MIDI messages which automatically determine tone generator mode, select MIDI
channels, voices and effects, change parameter values, and of course play the voices specified for the various Parts.
MIDI Messages Transmitted/Received by the CS1x
MIDI messages can be divided into two groups: Channel messages and
System messages. Below is an explanation of the various types of MIDI
messages which the CS1x can receive/transmit.
1. CHANNEL MESSAGES
Channel messages are the data related to the performance on the
keyboard for the specific channel.
1.1 Note On/Note Off (Key On/Key Off)
Messages which are generated when the keyboard is played.
Reception note range = C-2 (0) - G8 (127), C3 = 60
Velocity range = 1 - 127 (Only the Note On velocity is received)
Note On: Generated when a key is pressed.
Note Off: Generated when a key is released.
Each message includes a specific note number which corresponds to the
key which is pressed, plus a velocity value based on how hard the key is
struck.
1.2 Control Change
Control Change messages let you select a voice bank, control volume,
panning, modulation, portamento time, brightness and various other
controller parameters, through specific Control Change numbers which
correspond to each of the various parameters.
1.2.1 Bank Select MSB (Control #000)
Bank Select LSB (Control #032)
Messages which select variation voice bank numbers by combining
and sending the MSB and LSB from an external device.
MSB and LSB functions differently depending on the tone generator
mode.
In XG mode, MSB numbers select voice type (Normal Voice or Drum
Voice), and LSB numbers select voice banks.
In TG300B mode, LSB is fixed, and MSB numbers select voice banks.
(For more information about Banks and Programs, see Voice List in
the "Data List" book.)
A new bank selection will not become effective until the next
Program Change message is received.
1.2.2 Modulation (Control #001)
Messages which control vibrato depth using the Modulation Wheel.
Setting the value to 127 produces maximum vibrato and 0 results in
vibrato off.
1.2.3 Portamento Time (Control #005)
Messages which control the duration of portamento, or a continuous
pitch glide between successively played notes.
When the parameter 1.2.10 Portamento Switch is set to on, the value
set here can adjust the speed of pitch change.
Setting the value to 127 produces maximum portamento time and 0
results in minimum portamento time.
1.2.4 Data Entry MSB (Control #006)
Data Entry LSB (Control #038)
Messages which set the value for the parameter specified by
1.2.23RPN MSB/LSB and 1.2.22 NRPN MSB/LSB.
Parameter value is determined by combining MSB and LSB.
1.2.5 Main Volume (Control #007)
Messages which control the volume of each Part.
Setting the value to 127 produces maximum volume and 0 results in
volume off.
The messages 007 (Main Volume) or 011 (Expression) will be
transmitted using an optional controller connected to the FOOT
VOLUME jack on the rear panel if an appropriate setting is selected in
the Assign Control Number section in Utility mode.
1.2.6 Pan (Control #010)
Messages which control the stereo panning position of each Part (for
stereo output).
Setting the value to 127 positions the sound to the far right and 0
positions the sound to the far left.
1.2.7 Expression (Control #011)
Messages which control intonation expression of each Part during
performance.
Setting the value to 127 produces maximum volume and 0 results in
volume off.
The messeges 007 (Main Volume) or 011 (Expression) will be
transmitted using an optional controller connected to the FOOT
VOLUME jack on the rear panel if an appropriate setting is selected in
the Assign Control Number section in Utility mode.
53