Texas Instruments TMS370 Series Technical Reference
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Texas Instruments TMS370 Series Technical Reference

Texas Instruments TMS370 Series Technical Reference

Application board
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TMS370 Family
Application Board
1993
Technical
Reference
8-Bit Microcontroller Family

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Summary of Contents for Texas Instruments TMS370 Series

  • Page 1 TMS370 Family Application Board Technical Reference 1993 8-Bit Microcontroller Family...
  • Page 2 Printed in U.S.A., June 1993 SPNU029 2615131-9761 revision *...
  • Page 3 year...
  • Page 4 TMS370 Family Application Board Technical Reference June 1993 SPNU029...
  • Page 5 IMPORTANT NOTICE Texas Instruments (TI) reserves the right to make changes to its products or to discontinue any semiconductor product or service without notice, and advises its customers to obtain the latest version of relevant information to verify, before placing orders, that the information being relied on is current.
  • Page 6 IMPORTANT NOTICE Texas Instruments Incorporated (TI) reserves the right to make changes to its products or to discontinue any semiconductor product or service without notice, and advises its customers to obtain the latest version of relevant information to verify, before placing orders, that the information being relied on is current.

  • Page 7: A Jumper And Switch Settings

    About This Manual Read This First About This Manual This manual describes the components of the TMS370 family application board and contains the following chapters: Chapter 1 Installing the Application Board and Invoking the Command Monitor. Provides an overview and description of the functional blocks that compose the TMS370 application board;...
  • Page 8 Style and Symbol Conventions Style and Symbol Conventions This document uses the following conventions. Program listings, program examples, interactive displays, filenames, and symbol names are shown in a special typeface similar to a typewriter’s. Examples use a bold version of the special typeface for emphasis; interactive displays use a bold version of the special typeface to distinguish commands that you enter from items that the system displays (such as prompts, command output, error messages, etc.).
  • Page 9 Information About Cautions / Related Documentation From Texas Instruments Information About Cautions This is an example of a caution statement. A caution statement describes a situation that could potentially damage your software or equipment. The information in a caution is provided for your protection. Please read each caution carefully.
  • Page 10 If You Need Assistance. . . If you want to. . . Do this. . . Request more information about Write to: Texas Instruments Texas Instruments Incorporated microcontroller products Market Communications Manager, MS 736 P.O. Box 1443 Houston, Texas 77251–1443 Order Texas Instruments...

  • Page 11: Table Of Contents

    Contents Contents Installing the Application Board and Invoking the Command Monitor ....Provides an overview and description of the functional blocks that compose the TMS370 application board; tells you how to install the board and invoke the command monitor.
  • Page 12 Contents Slave Operation ............Slave-processor module operation .
  • Page 13 Contents Setting the Socket Memory (JP1) ..........Selecting the EPROM Type for the Slave Memory (JP2) .
  • Page 14 Figures Figures 1–1 Application Board Block Diagram ..........1–2 Connecting the Power Supply to Connector P1 .
  • Page 15 Tables Tables 1–1 Temperature and Humidity Ranges ..........1–2 Switch and Jumper Settings for the TTY Mode .

  • Page 17: Installing The Application Board And Invoking The Command Monitor

    Running Title—Attribute Reference Chapter 1 Installing the Application Board and Invoking the Command Monitor The ’370 family application board emulates ’370 microcontroller functions by using ’370 microprocessors. This chapter provides an overview and descrip- tion of the functional blocks that compose the TMS370 application board. In addition, the chapter tells you how to install the ’370 application board and invoke the command monitor.

  • Page 18: Overview Of The Tms370 Application Board

    Overview of the TMS370 Application Board 1.1 Overview of the TMS370 Application Board This section summarizes the major components of the application board and describes the board’s operating modes. Summary of components The ’370 application board has these major components: A TMS370C250 master microprocessor that communicates with the host PC terminal via the RS232-C port, controls all of the application board functions, and schedules tasks to be performed by the slave.

  • Page 19: Application Board Block Diagram

    Overview of the TMS370 Application Board RS232-C communications via MAX232 line driver and DB-25 connector. An adjustable 5-volt to 18-volt set-up power supply for write protect over- ride (WPO) mode of slave devices. Programmable array logic unit (PAL) for master and slave memory deco- ding.

  • Page 20: Operating Modes

    Overview of the TMS370 Application Board Operating modes The ’370 application board allows you to operate in one of three modes: Debugging mode. The debugger mode is the standard TI programmer’s interface. There are many advantages to using the debugger mode of operation: Multilevel debugging Powerful command set...

  • Page 21: What You'll Need

    What You’ll Need What You’ll Need The following checklists detail items that you’ll need in order to use the applica- tion board in TTY mode. The environmental requirements for the operation and storage of the application board are also described in this section. Hardware checklist host An IBM PC/AT or 100% compatible PC with a hard-disk system,...

  • Page 22: Step 1: Preparing The Application Board For Installation

    Step 1: Preparing the Application Board for Installation 1.3 Step 1: Preparing the Application Board for Installation Before you can use the application board, you must be sure that the board’s switches and jumpers are set to configure your board correctly. Appendix A, Jumper and Switch Settings, describes the various jumpers and switches.

  • Page 23: Step 2: Connecting The Cables

    Step 2: Connecting the Cables 1.4 Step 2: Connecting the Cables After you have set the jumpers and switches on the application board, you must connect the board to the host PC and to a power source. Connecting to the host PC An RS232 cable using only pins 2, 3, and 7 of connector P2 is sufficient to com- municate with the ’370 application board.

  • Page 24: Connecting To The Power Supply

    Step 2: Connecting the Cables Connecting to the power supply To use the application board, you need to provide a 5-V, 500-mA regulated power supply. Even though the application board circuitry uses less than 300 mA of current, the power supply must be sufficient to power any additional circuitry that you may install on the prototyping area.

  • Page 25: Step 3: Setting Up The Rs232-C Communications

    Step 3: Setting Up the RS232-C Communications 1.5 Step 3: Setting Up the RS232-C Communications The ’370 application board communicates with the host PC or terminal in com- pliance with the RS232-C protocol. As a result, the application board requires the RS232-C communications format shown in Table 1–5: Table 1–5.

  • Page 26: Step 4: Applying Power

    Step 4: Applying Power 1.6 Step 4: Applying Power After you have connected the application board to the host PC and to the power supply, you should verify that you have correctly installed the applica- tion board and debugger software. Always ensure that there are no metal objects beneath the ’370 application board;...

  • Page 27: Step 5: Invoking The Command Monitor

    (autobaud routine). 3) Check for the correct display of the ’370 application board help screen: –––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– TMS370 FAMILY APPLICATION BOARD – Ver 1.50 (C) 1988–1993 Texas Instruments –––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– SL XXX – Select processor type xxx/0 DR –...
  • Page 28 Step 5: Invoking the Command Monitor If you don’t see the help screen characters: Ensure that the LED is blinking after you reset the board. Check the RS232 cabling. Check the host RS232 connections and verify the proper RS232 operation of the host. Remove the RS232 cable from the application board and connect pins 2 and 3 of the cable together.

  • Page 29: Master Operation

    Running Title—Attribute Reference Chapter 2 Master Operation The master processor is responsible for communicating with the host, control- ling all of the functions of the application board, and scheduling tasks for the slave. This chapter discusses the functions of the master processor and in- cludes the following topics: Topic Page...

  • Page 30: Functions Of The Master Processor

    Functions of the Master Processor 2.1 Functions of the Master Processor As its name implies, the master processor controls all ’370 application board functions. These functions include: Executing the command monitor. The master executes the system command monitor that resides in the dedicated 16K-byte EPROM (U3). The command monitor contains the user/host interface, slave communi- cation, slave control, and test software routines.

  • Page 31: Executing The Command Monitor

    Executing the Command Monitor 2.2 Executing the Command Monitor The master processor executes the command monitor. The command monitor has numerous commands that allow you to check the operation of the applica- tion board. These commands help you to: Perform memory operations such as comparing, dumping, locating, and transferring memory Modify and display register data Manipulate the processor state, including:...

  • Page 32: Changing The Operating Mode

    Changing the Operating Mode 2.3 Changing the Operating Mode Upon power-up reset or reset via the board reset switch (SW1), the master im- mediately places all slaves in a reset state. It then scans the switches in SW2 for the operating mode that you selected. SW2.1 and SW2.2 select the operat- ing mode: Debugging mode.

  • Page 33: Communicating With The Host Through The Rs232 Serial Port

    Communicating With the Host Through the RS232 Serial Port 2.4 Communicating With the Host Through the RS232 Serial Port The master communicates through the serial communications interface mod- ule (SCI) to the host PC via standard RS232-C communications protocol. If you want to download code, a host computer (PC) can be connected to the application board.

  • Page 34: Rs232 Pin Assignments On Db25 Connector P2

    Communicating With the Host Through the RS232 Serial Port The RS232-C interface uses a MAX232 device to generate the RS232 voltage levels and current drive of the TTL-level inputs and outputs of the master SCI. The MAX232 device uses only the 5-volt board supply to generate the RS232 levels of approximately +9 volts and –9 volts.

  • Page 35: Communicating With The Slave Through The Transceiver

    Communicating With the Slave Through the Transceiver 2.5 Communicating With the Slave Through the Transceiver The master and slave communicate through a 74HCT652 octal bus transceiv- er that connects the two data buses together. This transceiver is the only com- munication channel between master and slave.

  • Page 36: Slave-Master Communication

    Communicating With the Slave Through the Transceiver Figure 2–1 illustrates the communication between the master and slave. Figure 2–1. Slave-Master Communication x1xRST From Protoarea Slave Slave TMS370Cx1x PLCC Master Master/Slave Data Data Transceiver Slave 74HCT652 TMS370Cx1x DIP Slave OCF Master Slave EDS TMS370C250 WAITREQ...

  • Page 37: Slave-To-Master Communication

    Communicating With the Slave Through the Transceiver / Controlling the Slave Through Wait States The signals shown in Table 2–4 control slave-to-master communications. These signals are input directly to the master either by the slave or by the wait- state generator circuit. Table 2–4.
  • Page 38 Controlling the Slave Through Wait States Figure 2–2. Wait-State Generator Address (12–14) Memory Decoder HALTREQ EDSTEP Wait-State Generator Logic Slave WAIT Pin WAITREQ The PAL memory decoder is configured to generate the STOP signal to the wait-state generator circuit on either of the two following conditions: The master signal HALTREQ (halt request) is set low.

  • Page 39: Controlling Slave Programming

    Controlling Slave Programming 2.7 Controlling Slave Programming The slave is controlled by the master through the WAIT line and the trans- ceiver, as described in Sections 2.5 and 2.6. To enable the slave to execute system monitor commands, the master causes the slave to execute a TRAP 0 instruction to invoke a subroutine.
  • Page 40 Controlling Slave Programming Slave memory at 7FDEh through 7FEDh is required for the TRAP 0 vector and subroutine instructions. Do not use these addresses in your program. The memory locations 7FE0h to 7FEBh are reserved for TI use on mask ROM parts.

  • Page 41: Interfacing Between The Slave And The Tms370 Application Board

    Running Title—Attribute Reference Chapter 3 Interfacing Between the Slave and the TMS370 Application Board This chapter describes how the slave devices interface with the application board. Topic Page Slave Operation ..........Slave-processor module operation .

  • Page 42: Slave Operation

    Slave Operation 3.1 Slave Operation The application board supports 68-pin and 28-pin slave devices. Additionally, you can run programs that access and use the following modules contained within the ’370 microprocessor: Timers 1 and 2 Serial communications interface (SCI) Serial peripheral interface (SPI) Analog-to-digital (A/D) converter Data EEPROM Program EPROM (for operation and programming)

  • Page 43: Command Monitor Operation And Slave Memory

    Slave Operation Command monitor operation and slave memory Several types of slave memory, along with restrictions of commands contained within the master command monitor, are listed in Table 3–1. Table 3–1. Memory Restrictions Off-Chip On-Chip EPROM Reg. File EEPROM EPROM Software breakpoints Single step Run commands...

  • Page 44: Microcomputer Mode Limitations Of Slave Devices

    Slave Operation Microcomputer mode limitations of slave devices The application board provides you with a method to configure the slaves in microcomputer mode. When the slave operates in this mode, the on-chip ports A, B, C, and D operate as I/O pins. You must use caution when in this mode: don’t allow the I/O line to be used for address selection of the external memory devices.

  • Page 45: Interfacing With The Prototyping Area

    Interfacing With the Prototyping Area 3.2 Interfacing With the Prototyping Area A prototyping area (or “protoarea”) on the application board allows you to inter- face circuitry to the ’370. Adjacent to the protoarea are 150 connection holes that contain all of the signals needed for interfacing to the slaves. These holes are divided into three groups of 50 pins, with each group arranged to fit a 25 2 header or connector.

  • Page 46: Protoarea Connector (All Available Signals)

    Interfacing With the Prototyping Area Table 3–2. Protoarea Connector (All Available Signals) Microprocessor Module Outputs Reconstructed I/O Ports – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 25 2 25 2 25 2...

  • Page 47: Module Output Signals On Protoarea Connector P4

    Interfacing With the TMS370 Modules 3.3 Interfacing With the TMS370 Modules Each module of the ’370 has three or more pins dedicated to module functions. These pins interface directly from the ’370 slave to the protoarea connector (PAC) without buffering or other alteration. The module signals on connector P4 and the corresponding pins on the ’370 slaves are shown in Table 3–3.

  • Page 48: Interfacing With I/O Ports

    Interfacing With I/O Ports 3.4 Interfacing With I/O Ports The slave runs in microprocessor mode in order to communicate to the master and to external memory. While the slave is in the microprocessor mode, I/O ports A, B, C, and D on the ’370Cx5x slave function as an address/data bus, and memory control signals and are not available as general-purpose I/O lines.

  • Page 49: Electrical Characteristics

    Interfacing With I/O Ports Bit 0 of the DDR of a port controls the direction of the 8-bit port. When you write to the DDR register of a port, bits 1–7 are not used in the port direction circuitry. However, when programming, you must write 0xFF to the DDR, even though only one bit is used.

  • Page 50: Port Recreation

    Interfacing With I/O Ports Note: The port recreation pins are not functional when you are using internal memory (P011.2 = 0). The main function of the internal memory is program- ming and not executing code. Always use external memory when using the port recreation pins.

  • Page 51: Port Recreation On Protoarea Connector P5

    Interfacing With I/O Ports / Using Microprocessor Mode Table 3–5. Port Recreation on Protoarea Connector P5 (Continued) Emulation Connector Pin Connector Label ’370Cx5x Pin ’370Cx1x Pin — — — — — 3.5 Using Microprocessor Mode All of the slave pins are routed directly and unbuffered to the protoarea. The slave port A, B, C, and D pins are connected to protoarea connector P3.

  • Page 52: Microprocessor Signals On Prototype Connector P3

    Using Microprocessor Mode Table 3–6. Microprocessor Signals on Prototype Connector P3 ’370 Connector Connector ’370Cx5x ’370Cx1x Label Signal Name A0/Data0 A1/Data1 A2/Data2 A3/Data3 A4/Data4 A5/Data5 A6/Data6 A7/Data7 B0/Addr0 – B1/Addr1 – B2/Addr2 – B3/Addr3 – B4/Addr4 – B5/Addr5 – B6/Addr6 –...

  • Page 53: Miscellaneous Signals On Protoarea Connectors

    Protoarea Mode Control, Clock, Reset, and Wait Signals 3.6 Protoarea Mode Control, Clock, Reset, and Wait Signals The protoarea signals listed in Table 3–7 allow unique customization of the slave operation on the ’370 application board to supply special external control to slaves.

  • Page 54: Clkin Circuits

    Protoarea Mode Control, Clock, Reset, and Wait Signals You must remove JP3 before adjusting the switching power supply voltage. Damage may occur if more than 13 volts are applied to the slave devices. To obtain greatest accuracy of the switcher voltage measurement with the T0 command, make sure that the application board’s supply voltage is 5.0 volts.

  • Page 55: Clkin Circuits

    Protoarea Mode Control, Clock, Reset, and Wait Signals If the X3 crystal is removed, the ’370Cx5x can receive the CLKIN signal from a clock source within the prototype area. This clock source should be con- nected to the protoarea connector P3, pin 49 (CK5). A crystal circuit in the pro- toarea is not recommended, because of long signal paths.

  • Page 56: 370Cx1X And '370Cx5X Reset Circuits

    Protoarea Mode Control, Clock, Reset, and Wait Signals Slave reset circuits The master processor normally has full control over the slave’s reset, but the application board can be set to give this control over to the protoarea. The ’370Cx1x and ’370Cx5x have separate but identical reset circuits as shown in Figure 3–4.

  • Page 57: The Wait Interface

    Protoarea Mode Control, Clock, Reset, and Wait Signals When SW2 is set to enable a prototype-reset signal, the master enables the proper analog switch (U18) and then connects the I/O line to the slave RESET pin high impedance to remove it from the circuit. Therefore, circuitry in the pro- toarea must be provided to ensure a high level when the master releases reset.

  • Page 58: Application Board Slave Memory Map

    Protoarea Mode Control, Clock, Reset, and Wait Signals / Slave Memory Mapping The slave can enter a wait state when either the protoarea signal goes low or the wait-state generator goes low. The protoarea signal, WAI (P3 pin 46) is pulled high by a 10-k resistor, so it will be ignored when no circuitry is at- tached.

  • Page 59: External And Internal Memory Areas

    Slave Memory Mapping External and internal memory areas The ’370C7xx devices come with programmable on-chip program memory. This internal memory is mapped into the same addresses as the slave’s exter- nal static RAM. For normal program development, you must work with the stat- ic RAM for program storage because RAM memory is faster to use and has unlimited write cycles.

  • Page 60: Zero-Ohm Resistor Assignments

    Zero-Ohm Resistors 3.8 Zero-Ohm Resistors Slaves receive V power through zero-ohm resistors. You can make accu- rate power measurements by replacing a zero-ohm resistor with a current me- ter. If slave power control is necessary, the resistors can be replaced by a switch.

  • Page 61: Interfacing With The Analog-To-Digital Conversion Module

    Interfacing With the Analog-to-Digital Conversion Module 3.9 Interfacing With the Analog-to-Digital Conversion Module Given an 8-bit analog-to-digital (A/D) conversion module, the resolution over a 5-volt range is only about 20 mV. Therefore, certain features of the applica- tion board are designed to help you avoid inaccurate A/D conversions. These features include: Short signal paths from the processor and protoarea Separate power and ground shielding within the PWB planes...

  • Page 62: Programming Additional Tms370 Devices

    Programming Additional TMS370 Devices 3.10 Programming Additional TMS370 Devices The application board allows you to program the program memory of the ’370C756 and ’370C710 devices, in addition to programming other TMS370 family devices. However, you cannot program the following TMS370 devices with the application board: ’370Cx58 devices ’370Cx3x devices...

  • Page 63: Interfacing Additional Programming Sockets

    Programming Additional TMS370 Devices † Table 3–10.Interfacing Additional Programming Sockets 28-Pin 28-pin 40-Pin 40-Pin 44-Pin 64-Pin 68-Pin PLCC PDIP SDIP PLCC SDIP PLCC 010N 010FN 020N 020N2 020FN 056NM 050FN 610N 610FN 022N 022N2 022FN 256NM 052FN 710N 710FN 040N 040N2 040FN 756NM...
  • Page 64 3-24...

  • Page 65: Commands And Functions Of The Command Monitor

    Running Title—Attribute Reference Appendix D Appendix A Commands and Functions of the Command Monitor This chapter describes the commands that you can use with the command monitor in TTY mode. Topics covered in this chapter include: Topic Page Entering Commands From the Command Line .

  • Page 66: Entering Commands From The Command Line

    Entering Commands From the Command Line D.1 Entering Commands From the Command Line All command-monitor commands consist of two letters followed by zero to eight parameters. After you type a command name, the monitor automatically prints a space and waits for the first parameter (if appropriate). Whenever more than one parameter is required, you must enter a before you type SPACE...

  • Page 67: Modifying Displayed Values

    Modifying Displayed Values D.2 Modifying Displayed Values Some commands allow you to change a displayed value or move to another value. These commands are: MB: modify breakpoints MM: modify memory MR: modify registers MT: modify trace registers After a value is displayed, you can change it by typing any valid hexadecimal number.

  • Page 68: Prompts

    Prompts / Protecting the EEPROM Memory D.3 Prompts The command monitor display has two types of prompts: The external-memory prompt looks like this: >. This prompt indicates that the memory commands you enter will be executed on the external off-chip program memory.

  • Page 69: Program To Support Executing Commands

    Using Run and Single-Step Commands D.5 Using Run and Single-Step Commands When you are using the RR (reset and run), RU (run), SS (single-step), or WR (wait for reset and run) commands, the following limitations apply: These commands work effectively only with full address/data bus devices. As a result, you can use only the 68-pin device with these commands be- cause it provides the address/data bus needed for control of program ex- ecution.

  • Page 70: Using Software Breakpoints

    Using Software Breakpoints D.6 Using Software Breakpoints The ’370 application board allows you to set software breakpoints to halt program execution. You can do this by replacing your opcode with a TRAP 0 opcode (EF). When the program executes the TRAP 0 breakpoint, the routine defined in Figure D–1 is executed.

  • Page 71: Functional Summary Of Command-Monitor Commands

    Functional Summary of Command-Monitor Commands D.7 Functional Summary of Command-Monitor Commands This section summarizes the command-monitor commands according to these categories: Modifying and displaying memory Modifying and displaying register data Manipulating the processor state Managing breakpoints Other TTY commands Modifying and displaying memory Use this To do this See page...

  • Page 72: Other Tty Mode Commands

    Functional Summary of Command-Monitor Commands Managing breakpoints Use this To do this See page command Clear (delete) all software breakpoints D-10 Display a list of all the software breakpoints that are D-11 Set and modify software breakpoints D-17 Other TTY mode commands Use this To do this See page...

  • Page 73: Alphabetical Summary Of Command-Monitor Commands

    Alphabetical Summary of Command-Monitor Commands D.8 Alphabetical Summary of Command-Monitor Commands This section summarizes and describes of all primary monitor commands. Analog-to-Digital Converter Syntax AN a b Description The AN command displays the current analog-to-digital (A/D) value on the ’370Cx5x slave analog pins. The a parameter is the analog channel number;...
  • Page 74 BL, CA Alphabetical Summary of Command-Monitor Commands Block Program EEPROM Memory Syntax BL D {1|0} Description This BL command fills or clears an entire EEPROM array by using the array programming described in the TMS370 Family Data Manual . The BL command has two parameters: The region parameter (D) tells the monitor that you’re block programming data EEPROM.
  • Page 75 CM, DB Alphabetical Summary of Command-Monitor Commands Compare Memory Syntax CM start1 stop start2 Description The CM command verifies whether two blocks in memory are identical; if they aren’t, it lists the differences between the two blocks. The CM command has three parameters: The start1 parameter defines the starting address of the first range that you want to compare.
  • Page 76 Alphabetical Summary of Command-Monitor Commands Download Hex Syntax DH data ... Description The DH command transfers data stored in the Intel Intellec 8/MDS object for- mat from the host computer RS232 port to the slave’s memory. The format for Intel Hex is shown in the UH (upload hex) command description on page D-30. The destination of the program memory data is external RAM if the external- memory (>) prompt is displayed or internal program memory if the internal- memory ( ] ) prompt is displayed.
  • Page 77 DM, DR Alphabetical Summary of Command-Monitor Commands Dump Memory Syntax DM [ start [ stop ]] Description The DM command dumps a block of data in hex and ASCII format that is de- fined by the start address and the stop address. If you omit the stop address, the command monitor displays 64 bytes from the start address (or four lines).
  • Page 78 FM, HE Alphabetical Summary of Command-Monitor Commands In this example, R10, P41, and P40 are user-specified trace registers (refer to the MT command, page D-20, for more information about selecting trace registers). Fill Memory FM start stop value Syntax The FM command fills a block of memory from the start address to the stop Description address with the value you specify with value .

  • Page 79: Stand-Alone Help Screen

    HE, IN Alphabetical Summary of Command-Monitor Commands Figure D–2.Stand-Alone Help Screen –––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– TMS370 FAMILY APPLICATION BOARD – Ver 1.50 (C) 1988–1993 Texas Instruments –––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– SL XXX – Select processor type xxx/0 DR – Display Registers – Initialize processor DB – Display breakpoints –...
  • Page 80 Alphabetical Summary of Command-Monitor Commands Locate Memory Syntax LM start stop a [ b ] [ c ] [ d ] [ e ] [ f ] Description The LM command locates specific patterns in memory and prints the starting location of each pattern found.
  • Page 81 Alphabetical Summary of Command-Monitor Commands Modify Breakpoint Syntax Description The MB command allows you to set, modify, or clear breakpoints in memory before running a program. You can set up to five software breakpoints in memory. The following limitations apply to the breakpoint addresses: The address must be specified on opcode boundaries.
  • Page 82 Alphabetical Summary of Command-Monitor Commands Modify Memory Syntax MM address Description The MM command examines and/or modifies bytes in memory. The address parameter identifies the memory address to be modified. MM is the primary command for making changes to the slave memory. This command can alter internal RAM, peripherals, EEPROM, on-chip EPROM, and external RAM.
  • Page 83 Alphabetical Summary of Command-Monitor Commands Modify Registers Syntax Description The MR command examines and/or modifies slave system registers such as the PC, ST, and SP registers, as well as registers A and B. Once the address contents are displayed, you can modify contents by entering valid hexadeci- mal digits.
  • Page 84 Alphabetical Summary of Command-Monitor Commands Modify Trace Syntax Description The MT command selects the trace registers that will be displayed after each DR, RU, RR, WR, or SS command. You can choose any register or peripheral file to become one of eight different trace registers. You can modify the displayed trace register: To specify a register, use this format: Rxx, where xx is any valid hexadeci- mal digit from 01h to FFh.
  • Page 85 Alphabetical Summary of Command-Monitor Commands Reverse Assemble Memory Syntax RA start count Description The RA command looks at your program mnemonics in memory and provides valuable information about what is contained in memory. The start address must be at the starting address of an instruction in your program.
  • Page 86 Alphabetical Summary of Command-Monitor Commands 6) #55h Immediate operand, in hex 7) R033 Register, in hex 8) 7007 All relative addresses are calculated to give destination addresses Reset and Run Syntax Description The RR command executes instructions that begin whenever reset occurs. The command resets the slave and begins running at the location contained at reset vector address (7FFEh,7FFFh).
  • Page 87 Alphabetical Summary of Command-Monitor Commands RU [ start ] Syntax Description The RUN command executes instructions starting from the start address that you specify. If you omit the address, execution begins at the current PC. The program continues to run until a software breakpoint is reached, any key is pressed, the board reset switch is pressed, or protoarea reset is activated (if enabled).

  • Page 88: Tms370 Family Slave Devices

    Alphabetical Summary of Command-Monitor Commands >RU ;run from current PC Running ;breakpoint or key pressed Stopped ;current status from DR command A=34 B=03 SP=60 CNZV21xx= 00000000 PC=7234 #45h,R03 Select Device Syntax SL [ device ] Description The SL command configures the ’370 application board for a particular slave device and initializes the selected device.
  • Page 89 SL, SS Alphabetical Summary of Command-Monitor Commands Enter if you want all memory commands in the program memory range to apply to the internal slave memory. Enter if you want all memory commands in the program memory range to apply to the external slave memory (normally a static RAM). If the board cannot initialize the slave device, an error message is issued.
  • Page 90 Alphabetical Summary of Command-Monitor Commands To exit the SS command, press To step until the process stops, enter R or R0 to step 64K times (or until you cause the process to stop). Note that an asterisk is displayed at the start of every repeat group. If a breakpoint is encountered, the single-stepping stops.
  • Page 91 Running Title—Attribute Reference >SS –– step 10h instructions at a time * A=06 B=0A SP=60 CNZV21xx= 00000000 PC=7003 #02h,R001 –– repeat the 10h block, two times * A=0B B=16 SP=60 CNZV21xx= 00000000 PC=7006 7000 A=10 B=20 SP=60 CNZV21xx= 00000000 PC=7000 #01h,R000 ––...

  • Page 92: Test Command Parameters For T0 Command

    Alphabetical Summary of Command-Monitor Commands Test Command Syntax T0[0|1|2|3|4] Description The T0 command provides a quick and simple test of the application board master. This test also helps you to set various switches, jumpers, and poten- tiometers. If you are able to run this command successfully, your board does not have any major failures.

  • Page 93: Test Command Parameters For T1 Command

    Alphabetical Summary of Command-Monitor Commands Test Command Syntax T1[0|1|2|3|4|5|6] Description The T1 command provides a quick and simple test of the application board slave areas. If you are able to run this command successfully, your board does not have any major failures. The command can run all tests or it can run a test that you specify on the command line.
  • Page 94 TM, UH Alphabetical Summary of Command-Monitor Commands Transfer Memory Syntax TM start stop destination Description The TM command moves a block of memory defined by the start and stop ad- dresses to the memory starting at the destination address. The source is not changed, except where the locations overlap.
  • Page 95 VH, WR Alphabetical Summary of Command-Monitor Commands Verify Hex Syntax VH data ... Description The VH command verifies a block of host memory against slave memory by using data on the standard Intel Hex format. Usually, a file transfer feature of the terminal emulator program is turned on after the last character is typed.
  • Page 96 WR, XM Alphabetical Summary of Command-Monitor Commands This command will not work properly without an external reset. Also, there must be a correct reset vector in memory. See the RU (run) command descrip- tion and Section D.5 for more information on using execution instructions. Example >WR running...
  • Page 97 Commands and Functions of the Command Monitor D-33...
  • Page 98 Running Title—Attribute Reference Appendix A Appendix A Jumper and Switch Settings This appendix describes the location and function of each of the jumpers and switches on the TMS370 application board. Topic Page Overview of the Jumpers and Switches ......Resetting the Application Board (SW1) .

  • Page 99: A.1 Overview Of The Jumpers And Switches

    Overview of the Jumpers and Switches A.1 Overview of the Jumpers and Switches The jumpers and switches for the ’370 application board are shown in Figure A–1. Figure A–1. ’370 Application Board Printer: Please align photo to the top and right. This photo is also used on page 1-6 of the TMS370 Family Application Board Installation Guide.

  • Page 100: Default Switch And Jumper Settings

    Overview of the Jumpers and Switches Table A–1 describes the default settings each of the jumpers and switches. Table A–1.Default Switch and Jumper Settings Board Designator Description Setting When Shipped Resets the application board open SW2 (four switches) Set the operation mode of the master all four switches off Sets the socket memory to RAM or EPROM Sets the EPROM type for the slave memory...

  • Page 101: Resetting The Application Board (Sw1

    Resetting the Application Board (SW1) A.2 Resetting the Application Board (SW1) The ’370 application board reset switch is SW1. This momentary switch has a red handle and is normally in the open position (see Figure A–1). SW1 resets the master on the application board only. The master, in turn, executes the following sequence after a reset: 1) Reads SW2.4 to determine which slave device to operate.

  • Page 102: Sw2 Switches

    Setting the Operating Mode of the Master (SW2) A.3 Setting the Operating Mode of the Master (SW2) When you reset the application board during power-up or when you activate the board reset switch, the master scans SW2, a four-switch DIP switch (see Figure A–2).

  • Page 103: Setting Sw2.1 And Sw2.2

    Setting the Operating Mode of the Master (SW2) Setting SW2.1 and SW2.2 SW2.1 and SW2.2 select the operating mode of the master: Debugging mode. If you set SW2.1 to ON and SW2.2 to OFF, you enable the debugging mode. Specifies Debugging Mode For more information about using the debugging mode, refer to the TMS370 Family C Source Debugger Guide .

  • Page 104: Jp1 Selections

    Setting the Operating Mode of the Master (SW2) / Setting the Socket Memory (JP1) Setting SW2.4 SW2.4 selects the slave device type, ’370Cx1x or ’370Cx5x, for the isolated mode and for protoarea reset enables as described in Section A.2. When the master is in the TTY terminal mode, you can specify the individual slave types with the SL monitor command.

  • Page 105: Jp2 Selections

    Selecting the EPROM Type for the Slave Memory (JP2) A.5 Selecting the EPROM Type for the Slave Memory (JP2) JP2 determines the type of EPROM placed in socket U26 when JP1 is set to EPROM. If you set JP1 to RAM, you don’t need to set this jumper. You can se- lect among the following EPROM devices for the slave device to use: Device Type Jumper Setting...

  • Page 106: Slave Memory Map And External Memory

    Selecting the EPROM Type for the Slave Memory (JP2) Figure A–5. Slave Memory Map and External Memory TMS370 Memory Map 0x0000 Registers 0x1000 Peripherals Data 0x2000 EEPROM TMS27C256 TMS27C128 Expansion Memory Map Memory Map 0x3000 0x4000 0x0000 0x0000 TMS27C64 Memory Map 0x5000 0x1000 0x1000...

  • Page 107: Jp3 Selections

    Setting the Operating Mode of the Slave Device (JP3) A.6 Setting the Operating Mode of the Slave Device (JP3) JP3 determines the operating mode of the slave device: microprocessor with write-protect override (WPO) active, or microcomputer mode. These modes are enabled on the rising edge of slave reset. Figure A–6 illustrates how to select the operating mode.

  • Page 108: Connecting The Clkin Pin (Jp4

    Connecting the CLKIN Pin (JP4) / Selecting the EPROM Type for the Master’s Monitor (JP5) Always remove the J3 jumper when adjusting the potentiometer. You can damage the socketed slave devices with force greater than 13 volts. A.7 Connecting the CLKIN Pin (JP4) JP4 connects the master’s CLKOUT signal to the 28-pin slave’s CLKIN pin.
  • Page 109 A-12...
  • Page 110 Running Title—Attribute Reference Appendix B Appendix A Using the TMS370 Assembly Language Tools With the Application Board Included with the TMS370 application board are the ’370 assembler and the ’370 code converter utility. This chapter briefly describes these tools and how they work with the application board.

  • Page 111: B.1 The Software Development Tools

    The Software Development Tools B.1 The Software Development Tools The ’370 family software development tools for the application board include an assembler, a code converter, and a starter program. The assembler The assembler creates a machine-language program from a source file that you provide.

  • Page 112: B.2 Using The Assembler Without The Linker

    Using the Assembler Without the Linker B.2 Using the Assembler Without the Linker The TMS370 Family Assembly Language Tools User’s Guide contains all of the information you need to use the assembler and the code converter. It also describes the format and assembler commands you need to write a program when you have access to a linker.

  • Page 113: Sections Directives

    Using the Assembler Without the Linker Figure B–1.Sections Directives ––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– ADDRESS CODE COMMENTS ––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– .TEXT 7000H ;pre–defined program section 7000 code ;program code 7100 code .DATA 7800H ;pre–defined data section 7800 data ;data bytes 7900 data .SECT ”NAME1”,7D00h ;named section (1 or more) 7D00 code or data ...

  • Page 114: B.3 Example Batch Files

    Example Batch Files B.3 Example Batch Files The following batch files illustrate the process of developing and assembling code that can be used with a terminator emulator program. The letters to the left of the statements correspond to the lettered notes following the examples. Example 1: a) MYEDITOR STARTER.ASM b) ASM370...
  • Page 116 Running Title—Attribute Reference Appendix C Appendix A Alphabetical Summary of Command-Monitor Messages This appendix contains an alphabetical listing of the progress and error mes- sages that might be displayed while you operate the command monitor. Each message contains both a description of the situation that caused the message and an action to take if the message indicates a problem or an error.
  • Page 117 Alphabetical Summary of Command-Monitor Messages Bad number on line xxx Description When downloading hex with the DH command or verifying hex with the VH command, the board received a nonhex char- acter on line xxx. Line 0001 refers to the first object line re- ceived.
  • Page 118 Alphabetical Summary of Command-Monitor Messages Check address line Axx where xx= 00–12 Description The T1 <5> address bus test reads and writes to approxi- mately 14 different locations in an attempt to find a floating, grounded, or stuck-high address line. This test works best when only one address line is bad.
  • Page 119 Alphabetical Summary of Command-Monitor Messages Command not available in this mode Description You tried to single-step, RR, or WR a ’370Cx1x device. You tried to set a breakpoint on a ’370Cx1x device. Action Perform all memory development/debugging on a 68-pin de- vice;...
  • Page 120 Alphabetical Summary of Command-Monitor Messages (E)EPROM error at aaaa; wrote/read: xxxxxxxx yyyyyyyy Causes The wrong part was selected, or the selected part does not have EEPROM or EPROM. 12 volts are not available at the MC pin. The EEPROM location is bad. The EEPROM array is bad.

  • Page 121: Device Addresses

    Alphabetical Summary of Command-Monitor Messages Memory error at xxxx; wrote/read: xxxxxxxx yyyyyyyy Description The T1 <6> memory test writes and reads four values to every location in the 8K-byte RAM memory. If the write value does not agree with the read value, an error message is generated. This error can indicate any of the following: JP1 is not set on RAM, or the EPROM is in the external memory socket.
  • Page 122 Alphabetical Summary of Command-Monitor Messages Action Check the voltages of the protoarea pins associated with the port: If the value at the port does not agree with the value writ- ten, the problem is likely in the write devices. If the value agrees, then the error is probably in the read device.
  • Page 123 Alphabetical Summary of Command-Monitor Messages SCCR0 read as 00000000 Description The T1 <2> HI voltage test looks at a bit on the slave that indi- cates that the processor is in the WPO mode. The actual MC voltage is adjusted in test T0 <1>. Actions Make sure that JP3 is in the PROC/WPO position (pins 1...
  • Page 124 Alphabetical Summary of Command-Monitor Messages Actions Clean the switch with an electrical switch cleaner. Replace the switch. Test the trace for continuity and repair as necessary. Examine the master socket. Exchange the master and slave, then repeat the test. T0 <3> master UVEPROM checksum test Description If the application board ran the EPROM test, then it is not a gross EPROM failure—possibly just one or two bad bits.
  • Page 125 Alphabetical Summary of Command-Monitor Messages The socket is bad (especially the slave EDS pin or master ANx). The slave device is bad. The master device is bad. There is a problem with the board. Actions Execute the initialize command (IN) and retry the com- mand.

  • Page 126: 370 Application Board

    Running Title—Attribute Reference Appendix D Appendix A Schematics This appendix contains schematics for the following: TMS370 application board spare gates TMS370 application board Power source for the application board Master controller Master/slave buffer ’370Cx1x and ’370Cx5x slaves Recreation ports Protoarea connections PAL description of slave signals PAL description of master signals Chapter Title—Attribute Reference...
  • Page 127 Schematics...
  • Page 128 Glossary Appendix E Appendix A Glossary analog-to-digital (A/D) converter: An 8-bit successive-approximation con- verter with internal sample-and-hold circuitry. application board: An emulator that helps you design, develop, and imple- ment microcontroller designs. The application board comes with a de- bugger, assembler, and code converter utility. assembler: A software program that creates a machine-language program from a source file that contains assembly language instructions, direc- tives, and macro directives.
  • Page 129 Glossary comment: A source statement (or portion of a source statement) that docu- ments or improves the readability of a source file. Comments are not compiled, assembled, or linked; they have no effect on the object file. constant: A value that does not change during execution. CPU: An 8-bit register-oriented processor with a status register, program counter, and stack pointer.
  • Page 130 Glossary LSB: Least significant bit. LSbyte: Least significant byte. MC pin: Mode control pin. The pin that determines the operating mode of the TMS370 device, depending on the voltage applied to the pin. Twelve volts on the MC pin after reset places the processor in the write protection override (WPO) mode.
  • Page 131 Glossary privilege mode: A mode immediately following reset in which the program can alter the privileged registers and bits. Once the privilege mode is dis- abled, these registers cannot be changed before another reset. This mode does not affect the EEPROM or the watchdog registers. program counter (PC): A CPU register that identifies the current statement in the program.
  • Page 132 Glossary stack: The part of the register file used as last-in, first-out memory for tempo- rary variable storage. The stack is used during interrupts and calls to store the current program status. The area occupied by the stack is de- termined by the stack pointer and by the application program.
  • Page 134 Index Index 28-pin slave devices assembler recommended functions 3-3 definition E-1 description B-2 ’370Cx1x slave device. See slave, ’370Cx1x sample batch files B-5 ’370Cx5x slave device. See slave, ’370Cx5x using with the application board B-1 to B-5 68-pin slave devices using without the linker B-3 to B-4 recommended functions 3-3 assembly language...
  • Page 135 Index circuitry command monitor (continued) interfacing to the application board 3-5 to 3-6 SS 4-25 to 4-26 T0 4-27 CK1 pin 3-15 T1 4-28 CK5 pin 3-15 TM 4-29 CLKIN pin UH 4-29 connecting to the CLKOUT pin A-11 VH 4-30 connecting to the prototyping area 3-14 to 3-15 WR 4-30 to 4-31 circuit 3-15...
  • Page 136 Index design kit definition E-2 devices HALTREQ signal available slave devices 4-24 description 2-8 programming additional devices 3-22 to 3-23 hardware requirements 1-5 selecting 4-24 to 4-25 HE (display help screen) command 4-14 to 4-15 DH (download hex) command 4-12 hexadecimal format display requirements 1-5 DH (download hex) command 4-12...
  • Page 137 Index JP3 jumper A-10 to A-11 memory SMC signal 3-13 to 3-14 commands 4-7 BL 4-10 JP4 jumper A-11 CM 4-11 removing for clock source 3-15 DM 4-13 JP5 jumper A-11 FM 4-14 jumpers A-1 to A-11 LM 4-16 default settings 1-6, A-3 MM 4-18 overview A-2 to A-3 TM 4-29...
  • Page 138 Index microprocessor mode 3-11 to 3-12 P3 connector 3-5 description 3-2 available signals 3-6 selecting A-10 connecting to the CLKIN signal 3-15 with internal program memory microprocessor signals 3-12 definition E-3 miscellaneous signals 3-13 without internal memory monitoring the WAIT pin 3-17 definition E-3 P4 connector 3-5 MM (modify memory) command 4-18...
  • Page 139 Index processor RESET pin 3-17 initializing 4-15 definition E-4 manipulating state 4-7 during EEPROM/EPROM write cycles 3-13 program reset switch. See SW1 switch halting resetting memory restrictions 3-3 slave 3-16 to 3-17 memory figure 3-16 restrictions 3-3 restrictions writing code effectively B-2 memory 3-3 program counter (PC) microcomputer mode 3-4...
  • Page 140 Index single-stepping slave (continued) memory restrictions 3-3, 4-5 slave-master communication operation of slave modules 3-2 block diagram 2-8 SS command 4-25 to 4-26 slave-to-master communication signals 2-9 support program 4-5 wait-state generator. See wait-state generator slaves SL (select device) command 4-5, 4-18, 4-24 to receiving V power 3-20 4-25...
  • Page 141 Index symbol table wait states (continued) definition E-5 entering 2-9 generating 2-9 system clock. See clock releasing 2-10 slave values 2-9 switching characteristics 3-17 timing 2-9 T0 (test) command 4-27 wait-state generator 2-9 to 2-10, 3-17 to 3-18 accuracy in measuring voltage 3-14 See also wait states T1 (test) command 4-28 block diagram 2-10...
  • Page 142 IMPORTANT NOTICE Texas Instruments (TI) reserves the right to make changes to its products or to discontinue any semiconductor product or service without notice, and advises its customers to obtain the latest version of relevant information to verify, before placing orders, that the information being relied on is current.

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