Fires; Forced Landings - Cessna 150 COMMUTER 1976 Pilot Operating Handbook

SECTION 3
EMERGENCY PROCEDURES
FORCED LANDINGS
CESSNA
MODEL 150M
If all attempts to restart the engine fail and a forced landing is immi:'
nent, select a suitable field and prepare for the landing as discussed in
the checklist for engine off emergency landings.
Before attempting an "off airport" landing with engine power avail-
able, one should drag the landing area at a safe but low altitude to inspect
the terrain for obstructions and surface conditions, proceeding as dis-
cussed under the Precautionary Landing With Engine Power checklist.
Prepare for ditching by securing or jettisoning heavy objects located
in the baggage area and collect folded coats or cushions for protection of
occupants
I
face at touchdown. Transmit Mayday message on 121. 5 MHz
giving location and intentions.
LANDING WITHOUT ELEVAT OR CONT ROL
Trim for horizontal flight (with an airspeed of approximately 55 KIAS
and flaps lowered to 20°) by using throttle and elevator trim controls.
T hen do not change the elevator trim control setting; control the glide
angle by adjusting power exclusively.
At flareout, the nose-down moment resulting from power reduction
is an a dverse fac tor and the airplane may hit on the nose wheel. Conse-
quently, at flareout, the trim control should be se t at the full nose-up
position and the power adjusted so that the airplane will rotate to the hor-
izontal attitude for touchdown. Close the throttle at touchdown.
FI RE S
Although engine fires are extremely r are in flight, t he steps of the
appropriate checklist should be followed
if
one is encountered. After
completion of this pro cedure, execute a forced landing.
The initial indication of an electrical fire is usually the odor of burn-
ing insu lation. The checklist for this problem should result in elimination
of the fire.
EMERGENCY OPE RATION IN CLOU DS
( Vacuum Syste m Failure)
In t he event of a vacuum system failure during flight in marginal
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CESSNA
MODEL 150M
SECTION 3
EMERGENCY PROCEDURES
w~ather ,
the directional indicator and attitude indicator will be disabled,
and the pilot will have to rely on the turn coordinator or the turn and bank
indi cator if he inadve rtently flies into clouds . T he followi ng instructions
assume that only the electrically-powered turn coordinator or the turn
and bank indicator is operative, and that the pilot is not completely pro-
ficient in instrument flying.
EXECUTING A 180 ° TURN IN CLOUDS
Upon inadvertenly entering the clouds, an immediate plan should be'
made to turn back as follows:
(1) Note the time of the minute hand and observe the position of the
sweep second hand on the clock.
(2) When the sweep second hand indicates the nearest half-minute
initiate a standard rate left turn, holding t he turn coordinator
sym~
bolic airplane wing opposite the lower left index mark fo r 60 second::>.
Then roll back to level flight by leveling the miniature airplane.
(3) Check accuracy of the turn by observing the compass heading
which should be reciprocal of the or iginal heading.
(4) If necessary, adjust heading primarily with skidding motions
rather than rolling motions so that the compass will read more ac-
curately.
(5) Maintain altitude and airspeed by cautious application of elevator
control. Avoid overcontrolling by keeping the hands off the control
wheel and steering only with rudder.
EME RGENCY DESCENT THROUGH CLOUDS
If conditions preclude reestablishment of VFR flight by a 180° turn, a
descent through a cloud deck to VFR conditions may be appropriate.
If
pos sible, obtain radio clearance for an emergency descent through clouds.
To guard against a spiral dive, choose an easterly or westerly heading to
minimi ze compass card swings due to changing bank angles. In addition,
keep hands off the control wheel and steer a straight course with rudder
control by monitoring the turn coordinator. OccaSionally check the com-
pass heading a nd make minor corrections to hold an approximate course.
Before de scending into the clouds, set up a stabilized let-down condition
as follows:
(1) Apply full rich mixture.
(2) Use full car buretor heat.
(3 ) Reduce power to set up a 500 to 800 ft/min rate of descent.
(4) Adjust the elevator trim for a stabilized descent at 70 KIAS .
(5) Keep hands off control wheel.
(6) Monitor turn coordinator and make corrections by rudder alone.
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