Processing Inferior Bpdu Information; Spanning-Tree Dispute Mechanism; Port Cost - Cisco Nexus 3000 Series Configuration Manual

Understanding Rapid PVST+

Processing Inferior BPDU Information

An inferior BPDU is a BPDU with root information (such as a higher switch ID or higher path cost) that is
inferior to what is currently stored for the port.
If a designated port receives an inferior BPDU, it immediately replies with its own information.

Spanning-Tree Dispute Mechanism

The software checks the consistency of the port role and state in the received BPDUs to detect unidirectional
link failures that could cause bridging loops.
When a designated port detects a conflict, it keeps its role, but reverts to a discarding state because disrupting
connectivity in case of inconsistency is preferable to opening a bridging loop.
The following figure illustrates a unidirectional link failure that typically creates a bridging loop. Switch A
is the root bridge, and its BPDUs are lost on the link leading to Switch B. The 802.1w-standard BPDUs include
the role and state of the sending port. With this information, Switch A can detect that Switch B does not react
to the superior BPDUs it sends and that Switch B is the designated, not root port. As a result, Switch A blocks
(or keeps blocking) its port, which prevents the bridging loop. The block is shown as an STP dispute.
Figure 12: Detecting Unidirectional Link Failure

Port Cost

Note Rapid PVST+ uses the short (16-bit) path-cost method to calculate the cost by default. With the short
path-cost method, you can assign any value in the range of 1 to 65535. However, you can configure the
switch to use the long (32-bit) path-cost method, which allows you to assign any value in the range of 1
to 200,000,000. You configure the path-cost calculation method globally.
The STP port path-cost default value is determined from the media speed and path-cost calculation method
of a LAN interface. If a loop occurs, STP considers the port cost when selecting a LAN interface to put into
the forwarding state.
Table 6: Default Port Cost
Bandwidth
10 Mbps
Cisco Nexus 3000 Series NX-OS Layer 2 Switching Configuration Guide, Release 6.x
66
Short Path-Cost Method of Port
Cost
100
Configuring Rapid PVST+
Long Path-Cost Method of Port Cost
2,000,000
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