Chauvin Arnoux C.A 8336 User Manual
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Chauvin Arnoux C.A 8336 User Manual

Quali star+ three-phase electrical networks analyser
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THREE-PHASE ELECTRICAL
N E T W O R K S A N A LY S E R
E N G L I S H
User's manual
C . A
QUALI
STAR
8 3 3 6
+

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Summary of Contents for Chauvin Arnoux C.A 8336

  • Page 1 C . A 8 3 3 6 QUALI THREE-PHASE ELECTRICAL STAR N E T W O R K S A N A LY S E R User’s manual E N G L I S H...
  • Page 2 Thank you for purchasing a C.A 8336 three-phase electrical networks analyser (Qualistar+). To obtain the best service from your unit: „ read these operating instructions carefully, „ comply with the precautions for use. WARNING, risk of DANGER! The operator must refer to these instructions whenever this danger symbol appears.

  • Page 3: Table Of Contents

    18. WARRANTY ..............120 7.2. Measurement of total harmonic distortion ..52 19. TO ORDER ..............121 7.3. Measurement of the peak factor ......53 19.1. C.A 8336 three-phase electrical networks 7.4. Measurement of extreme and mean voltage analyser ............121 and current ............54 19.2. Accessories .............121 7.5.

  • Page 4: Getting Started

    Sets of inserts and rings for marking the leads and current sensors according to phase. Multilingual safety sheet. Checking attestation. Quick start guide. Power Analyser Transfer (PAT2) software on CD-ROM. Battery. C.A 8336 with or without current sensor depending on the order.

  • Page 5: Charging The Battery

    120 V ± 10 %, 60 Hz 230 V ± 10 %, 50 Hz Remove the cover from the receptacle and connect the plug C.A 8336 POWER & QUALITY ANALYSER of the specific power supply unit to the device. Connect the mains cord to the power supply unit and to mains.

  • Page 6: Description Of The Device

    The device is compact and impact resistant. The ergonomics and simplicity of its interface make using it pleasant. The C.A 8336 is intended for the technicians and engineers of electrical installation and network inspection and maintenance teams. 2.1.1. MEASUREMENT FUNCTIONS The principal measurements made are: „...
  • Page 7 2.1.2. DISPLAY FUNCTIONS „ Display of waveforms (voltages and currents). „ Display of frequency bar chart (voltages and currents). „ Inrush Current function: displays parameters useful for study of the starting of a motor. Instantaneous current and voltage at the instant designated by the cursor. „...

  • Page 8: Overall View

    2.2. OVERALL VIEW Measurement connection terminals (see §2.6.1) Strap C.A 8336 POWER & QUALITY ANALYSER Display (see §2.4) USB socket (see §2.6.2) Function keys (yellow keys) (see §2.5.1) C o n n e c t o r f o r t h e...

  • Page 9: Display

    2.4. DISPLAY 2.4.1. PRESENTATION The backlit 320x240 (1/4 VGA) pixel graphic TFT displays all measurements with their curves, the parameters of the unit, the curves selected, the instantaneous values of the signals, and the type of measurement selected. When the device is powered up, it automatically displays the Waveform screen.

  • Page 10: Keypad Keys

    Icons Designation Icons Designation Display of mean values and extrema. Select all items. Move the cursor to the first occurrence of the Unselect all items. maximum phase-to-neutral voltage. Transient mode. Move the cursor to the first occurrence of the minimum phase-to-neutral voltage. Inrush current mode.
  • Page 11 2.5.3. MODE KEYS (VIOLET KEYS) These give access to specific modes: Item Function Waveform acquisition mode, with two sub-modes: transients mode (blackouts, interference, § 5 etc.) and inrush current mode (starting of motor). Harmonic curves display mode: representation of voltage, current, and power harmonics, order §...

  • Page 12: Connectors

    2.6. CONNECTORS 2.6.1. CONNECTION TERMINALS Located on the top of the device, these connectors are distributed as follows: 4 current input terminals for current sensors (MN clamp, C 5 voltage input terminals. clamp, AmpFLEX™, PAC clamp, E3N clamp, etc.). L2/B E/GND L1/A L3/C...

  • Page 13: The Stand

    2.8. THE STAND A retractable stand on the back of the Qualistar+ can be used to hold the device in a tilted position. Retractable stand. Battery. Figure 5: stand and battery compartment cover 2.9. ABBREVIATIONS Prefixes of International System (SI) units Prefix Symbol Multiplies by...
  • Page 14 Meanings of the symbols and abbreviations used: Symbol Designation Symbol Designation AC and DC components. Relative date of time cursor. tan Φ AC component only. Tangent of the phase shift of voltage with respect to current. DC component only. Total harmonic distortion (in %f or in %r). Inductive phase shift.

  • Page 15: Use

    3. USE 3.1. START-UP To switch the device on, press the button. It lights when pressed, then goes off if the mains power unit is not connected to the device. After the software check, the home page is displayed, then the information screen that indicates the software version of the device and its serial number.

  • Page 16: Installation Of Leads

    The following points must be checked or adapted for each measurement: „ Define the parameters of the calculation methods (see §4.5). „ Select the distribution system (single-phase to five-wire three-phase) and the connection method (2 wattmeters, 2 ½ elements, standard) (see §4.6). „...
  • Page 17 To make a measurement, you must program at least: „ the calculation method (see §4.5), „ the connection (see §4.6) „ and the ratios of the sensors (see §4.7). The measuring leads must be connected to the circuit to be measured as shown by the following diagrams. 3.3.1.

  • Page 18: Functions Of The Device

    3.3.4. CONNECTION PROCEDURE „ Switch the instrument on. „ Configure the device for the measurement to be made and the type of network concerned (see §4), „ Connect the leads and current sensors to the unit. „ Connect the earth and/or neutral lead to the network earth and/or neutral (when it is distributed) and connect the correspond- ing current sensor, „...

  • Page 19: Configuration

    4. CONFIGURATION The Configuration key is used to configure the device. This must be done before each new type of measurement. The con- figuration remains in memory, even after the device is switched off. 4.1. CONFIGURATION MENU The arrow keys (,, , ) are used to navigate in the Configuration menu and to parameterize the device. A value that can be modified is flanked by arrows.

  • Page 20: Display

    4.4. DISPLAY 4.4.1. BRIGHTNESS menu is used to define the brightness of the display unit. The display is as follows: Figure 18: the Contrast/Brightness menu Use the keys (, ) to change the brightness. To return to the Configuration menu, press 4.4.2.

  • Page 21: Calculation Methods

    The Automatic mode is used to save the battery. The display screen is switched off automatically after five minutes without action on the keys if the device is powered only by its battery and if recording is in progress and after ten minutes if no recording is in progress.
  • Page 22 4.5.2. CHOICE OF UNIT OF ENERGY The Wh menu defines the unit of display of energies. Figure 21: the Choice of Unit of Energy menu Use the arrow keys (,) to select the unit: „ Wh : watt-hour. „ J: joule. „...
  • Page 23 4.5.4. CHOICE OF REFERENCE OF THE LEVEL OF HARMONICS OF THE PHASES The %f-%r menu defines the reference for the level of harmonics of the phases. Figure 23: the Choice of Reference for the Level of Harmonics menu Use the arrow keys (,) to fix the reference for the level of harmonics: „...

  • Page 24: Connection

    4.6. CONNECTION menu is used to define how the device is connected, according to distribution system. Figure 16: the Connection menu Several electrical diagrams can be selected: Use the arrow keys (,, , ) to choose a connection. One or more types of network correspond to each distribution system. Distribution system Source Single-phase 2-wire (L1 and N)
  • Page 25 Distribution system Source Split-phase 3-wire non-earthed neutral 3-phase open star 3-wire non-earthed neutral Split-phase 3-wire (L1, L2 and 3-phase high leg delta 3-wire non-earthed neutral 3-phase open high leg delta 3-wire non-earthed neutral Split-phase 4-wire earthed neutral 3-phase open star 4-wire earthed neutral Split-phase 4-wire (L1, L2, N and earth) 3-phase high leg delta 4-wire earthed neutral...
  • Page 26 Distribution system Source 3-phase star 3-wire 3-phase delta 3-wire 3-phase 3-wire (L1, L2 and L3) 3-phase open delta 3-wire Indicate which current sensors will be connected: all 3 (3A) or only 2 (A1 and A2, or A2 and A3, or A3 and A1). Three-wattmeter method with 3-phase open delta 3-wire earthed junction of phases virtual neutral (with 3 sensors...
  • Page 27 Distribution system Source 3-phase star 4-wire non-earthed neutral 3-phase 4-wire (L1, L2, L3 and N) Indicate which voltages will be 3-phase open high leg delta 4-wire non-earthed neutral connected: all 3 (3V) or only 2 (V1 and V2, or V2 and V3, or V3 and V1).

  • Page 28: Sensors And Ratios

    4.7. SENSORS AND RATIOS Note: The ratios cannot be changed if the device is recording, metering energy, or searching for transients, alarms, and/or inrush current acquisitions. 4.7.1. CURRENT SENSORS AND RATIOS A first screen A is used to define the current sensors and ratios. It automatically displays the current sensor models detected by the device.

  • Page 29: Capture Mode

    Figure 26: the Voltage Ratios screen in the Sensors and Figure 27: the Voltage Ratios screen in the Sensors and ratios menu in the case of a set-up without neutral ratios menu in the case of a set-up with neutral Use the arrow keys (,) to choose the configuration of the ratios.
  • Page 30 „ 4V or 3U: all channels have the same threshold. Press the  key, then use the , keys to highlight the value of the threshold in yellow. „ Press the  key, then use the ,, and  keys to change the threshold. The unit can be the V or the kV. „...

  • Page 31: Trend Mode

    4.8.3. CURRENT THRESHOLDS OF THE INRUSH CURRENT MODE A third screen, displayed by pressing the icon, is used to define the inrush current thresholds. This involves programming the triggering threshold and the inrush current capture stopping threshold (the stopping threshold being the triggering threshold less the hysteresis).
  • Page 32 To change configuration pages, press the key. The recordable values are: Unit Designation Urms RMS phase-to-phase voltage. RMS phase-to-neutral voltage. Upk+ Maximum peak value of phase-to-phase voltage. Upk- Minimum peak value of phase-to-phase voltage. Crest (peak) factor of phase-to-phase voltage. Uthdf Harmonic distortion of the phase-to-phase voltage with the RMS value of the fundamental as reference.

  • Page 33: Mode Alarm Mode

    The four last lines involve the recording of the harmonics of U, V, A and S. You can select a range of orders of the harmonics to be recorded (between 0 and 50) for each of these quantities, and within this range, if desired, only odd harmonics. Note: The level of harmonics of order 01 will be displayed only if they concern values expressed in % r.

  • Page 34: Erase Memory

    To set an alarm, program the following values: „ The type of alarm. „ The order of the harmonic (between 0 and 50), for |S-h|, A-h, U-h and V-h only. „ The target of the alarm: 3L: 3 phases monitored individually, „...

  • Page 35: About

    4.12. ABOUT About screen displays information concerning the device. Figure 36: the About menu To return to the Configuration menu, press...

  • Page 36: Waveform Capture

    5. WAVEFORM CAPTURE Waveform capture mode is used to display and to capture transients and inrush currents. It contains two sub-modes: „ The transient mode (see §5.1) „ The inrush current mode (see §5.2) Figure 37: the screen of the Waveform capture mode To select a sub-mode, move the yellow cursor to it using the ...
  • Page 37 5.1.1. PROGRAMMING AND STARTING A SEARCH To program a search for a transient, enter the start date and time, the stop date and time, the number of transients to search for, then the name of the search. To change an item, move the yellow cursor to it using the  and  keys, then validate with the  key. Change the value using the ,,...
  • Page 38 To select a search for transients, move the cursor to it using the  and  keys. The selected search is bolded. Then validate with the  key. The device then displays a list of transients. Transients display filter: Triggering channel of the transient. ∀: all transients are displayed.

  • Page 39: Inrush Current Mode

    5.2. INRUSH CURRENT MODE Still in the mode, the sub-mode is used to capture (record) inrush currents (voltage and current waveforms, network frequency, half-cycle RMS voltages and currents except for the neutral) and to view and delete the recordings. When the Inrush current mode is invoked: „...
  • Page 40 5.2.2. DISPLAYING THE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE CAPTURE To display the characteristics of the capture, press . The Capture parameters screen is displayed. Display in PEAK mode (see §5.2.4). Display in RMS mode (see §5.2.3). Figure 43: The Capture parameters screen If a capture duration is displayed in red, it means that it has been cut short: „...
  • Page 41 5.2.3.2. The 3A RMS display screen for a three-phase connection without neutral Figure 45: The 3A RMS display screen for a three-phase connection without neutral 5.2.3.3. The L1 RMS display screen for a three-phase connection with neutral MAX: maximum half-cycle RMS Time cursor of the curve.
  • Page 42 5.2.4. INSTANTANEOUS INRUSH CURRENT The PEAK mode is used to display the envelopes and waveforms of the inrush current capture. The PEAK display of an inrush current capture provides two possible representations: „ envelope „ waveform. The change from one of these representations to the other is automatic, as a function of the zoom level. If the zoom in is high enough, the representation is of the “waveform”...
  • Page 43 5.2.4.3. The A1 PEAK display screen for a three-phase connection without neutral In the case shown, there is enough zoom out to force the envelope type of representation. Time cursor of the curve. Use the  MAX |PEAK|: maximum instanta- or ...

  • Page 44: Harmonic

    6. HARMONIC The Harmonic mode displays a representation of the harmonic levels of the voltage, current, and apparent power, order by order. It can be used to determine the harmonic currents produced by nonlinear loads and analyze problems caused by harmon- ics according to their order (overheating of neutrals, conductors, motors, etc.).

  • Page 45: Current

    6.1.2. THE L1 PHASE VOLTAGE HARMONICS DISPLAY SCREEN This information concerns the har- Display of the 3 phases 3L, of L1, L2, monic pointed to by the cursor. L3, N, or of the expert mode (three- V-h03: harmonic number. phase connection only - see §6.5). %: level of harmonics with the fun- To select the display press ...

  • Page 46: Apparent Power

    6.2.2. THE L1 CURRENT HARMONICS DISPLAY SCREEN Display of the 3 phases 3L, of L1, L2, This information concerns the har- L3, N, or of the expert mode (three- monic pointed to by the cursor. phase connection only - see §6.5). A-h05: harmonic number.

  • Page 47: Phase-To-Phase Voltage

    6.3.2. THE L1 APPARENT POWER HARMONICS DISPLAY SCREEN This information concerns the har- monic pointed to by the cursor. Display of the 3 phases 3L, of L1, S-h03: harmonic number. L2 or L3. To select the display press %: level of harmonics with the the ...

  • Page 48: Expert Mode

    6.4.2. THE L1 PHASE-TO-PHASE VOLTAGE HARMONICS DISPLAY SCREEN This information concerns the har- monic pointed to by the cursor. Uh 03: harmonic number. Display of the 3 phases 3L, of L1, %: level of harmonics with the fun- L2 or L3. To select the display press damental RMS value as reference ...
  • Page 49 6.5.2. THE CURRENT EXPERT MODE DISPLAY SCREEN The A sub-menu displays the influence of the harmonics of the current on the heating of the neutral and on rotating machines. Harmonics inducing a negative Harmonics inducing a positive se- sequence. quence. Harmonics inducing a zero se- quence.

  • Page 50: Waveform

    7. WAVEFORM Waveform key is used to display the current and voltage curves, along with the values measured and those calculated from the voltages and currents (except for power, energy, and harmonics). This is the screen that appears when the device is powered up. Display of the maximum and mini- Selection of the display filters.
  • Page 51 7.1.1. THE 3U RMS DISPLAY SCREEN This screen displays the three phase-to-neutral voltages of a three-phase system. Instantaneous values of the signals RMS phase-to-phase voltages. at the position of the cursor. t: time relative to the start of the period. Voltage axis with automatic scaling.

  • Page 52: Measurement Of Total Harmonic Distortion

    7.1.4. THE RMS DISPLAY SCREEN FOR THE NEUTRAL This screen displays the neutral voltage with respect to earth and the neutral current. RMS voltage and current. Instantaneous values of the signals at the position of the cursor. Current and voltage axis with auto- t: time relative to the start of the matic scaling.

  • Page 53: Measurement Of The Peak Factor

    7.2.3. THE 4A THD DISPLAY SCREEN This screen displays the phase current waveforms for one period and the total harmonic distortion values. Instantaneous values of the signals Harmonic distortion for each curve. at the position of the cursor. t: time relative to the start of the period.

  • Page 54: Measurement Of Extreme And Mean Voltage And Current

    7.3.3. THE 4A CF DISPLAY SCREEN This screen displays the current waveforms of one period and the peak factors. Instantaneous values of the signals Peak factor for each curve. at the position of the cursor. t: time relative to the start of the period.
  • Page 55 7.4.2. THE 4V MAX.-MIN. DISPLAY SCREEN This screen displays the one-second mean and half-cycle maximum and minimum RMS values and the positive and negative peaks of the phase-to-neutral voltages and of the neutral. Column of values for the neutral: RMS, PEAK+ and PEAK- parameters. Columns of values for each voltage curve (1, 2 and 3).

  • Page 56: Simultaneous Display

    7.4.5. THE NEUTRAL MAX.-MIN. DISPLAY SCREEN This screen displays the RMS values and the positive and negative peaks of the neutral relative to earth. The same information as for the volt- Column of voltage values. age, but for the current. RMS: true RMS voltage.
  • Page 57 7.5.3. 4A SIMULTANEOUS DISPLAY SCREEN This screen displays the RMS, DC (only if at least one of the current sensors can measure direct current), THD, CF, FHL and FK values of the phase and neutral currents. Column of RMS values and (if the current sensor allows) DC values along with the CF and the THD (%r) concerning the neutral.

  • Page 58: Display Of Fresnel Diagram

    7.6. DISPLAY OF FRESNEL DIAGRAM sub-menu displays a vector representation of the fundamentals of the voltages and currents. It indicates their associ- ated quantities (modulus and phase of the vectors) and the negative-sequence voltage and current unbalance rates. Note: To allow the display of all vectors, those of which the modulus is too small to be pictured are shown even so, but their name is followed by an asterisk (*).
  • Page 59 7.6.4. THE L1 FRESNEL DIAGRAM DISPLAY SCREEN In the presence of the neutral, this screen displays a vector representation of the fundamentals of the phase-to-neutral voltages and the currents of one phase. It indicates their associated quantities (modulus and phase of the current and phase-to-neutral voltage vectors).

  • Page 60: Alarm Mode

    8. ALARM MODE Alarm mode detects overshoots of thresholds on each of the following parameters: Hz, Urms, Vrms, Arms, |Udc|, |Vdc|, |Adc|, |Upk+|, |Vpk+|, |Apk+|, |Upk-|, |Vpk-|, |Apk-|, Ucf, Vcf, Acf, Uthdf, Vthdf, Athdf, Uthdr, | or N, D, S, |PF|, |cos Φ|, |tan Φ|, PST, PLT, FHL, FK, Vunb, Uunb (for a three-phase source without Vthdr, Athdr, |P|, |Pdc|, |Q neutral) Aunb, U-h, V-h, A-h and |S-h| (see the table of abbreviations in §2.9).

  • Page 61: Display Of The List Of Campaigns

    The Campaign on standby message is displayed until the start time is reached. It is then replaced by the message Campaign running . When the stop time is reached, the Programming a Campaign screen returns with the key. You can then program another campaign.

  • Page 62: Deleting An Alarm Campaign

    8.5. DELETING AN ALARM CAMPAIGN When the list of campaigns performed is displayed (see figure 86), select the campaign to be erased. This is done by moving the cursor to it using the  and  keys. The selected campaign is bolded. Then press the key.

  • Page 63: Trend Mode

    9. TREND MODE Trend mode records changes to parameters previously specified in the Configuration / Trend mode screen (see §4.9). This mode manages up to 2 GB of data. Memory card usage. List of records (see §9.3). Rapid programming and starting of Programming a recording (see §9.1).

  • Page 64: Viewing The Recording List

    9.3. VIEWING THE RECORDING LIST submenu displays the recording list already made. Recording list memory usage. The black part of the bar corresponds to the fraction of memory used. Recording name. Recording stop time. Recording start time. Figure 89: Recording list display screen If the stop date is in red, it means that it does not match the stop date initially programmed, because of a power supply problem (battery low or disconnection of the device supplied by mains only).
  • Page 65 9.5.2. TREND CURVES Date of the cursor. Position of the viewing window in the record. This screen is a partial view of the trend curve. There are other screens before and after the visible part. To select the display filter, press the ...
  • Page 66 Curve of the maxima. Values of the cursor (minimum, Curve of the mean. mean, and maximum). Curve of the minima. Figure 94: Vrms (N) with MIN-AVG-MAX The display period of this curve is one minute. Each point of the mean curve represents the arithmetic mean of 60 values recorded every second.
  • Page 67 Note: For the quantities (P, Pdc, VAR, S, D, PF, cos Φ and tan Φ) and for a three-phase source without neutral, only the total quantities are represented. Figure 97: tan Φ (L1) without MIN-AVG-MAX for a three-phase connection with neutral Figure 98: tan Φ...
  • Page 68 Starting date of the selection. Date of the cursor (ending date of the selection). Use the  or  keys to move the cursor. Energy calculation mode. Pressing this key lets you define the start of the selection. Figure 101: Ph (Σ) without MIN-AVG-MAX The display period of this bar chart is one minute.
  • Page 69 This curve differs considerably from the previous one, because the MIN-AVG-MAX mode is activated. Each point of the mean curve represents the arithmetic mean of 7,200 values recorded every second. Each point of the curve of the maxima represents the maximum of the 7,200 values recorded every second. Each point of the curve of the minima corresponds to the minimum of the 7,200 values recorded every second.
  • Page 70 The following table indicates the time needed to display the curve on screen as a function of the width of the display window for a recording period of one second: Typical waiting time for Typical waiting time for Width of display window display with the display with the Grid increment...

  • Page 71: Power And Energy Mode

    10. POWER AND ENERGY MODE key displays power- and energy-related measurements. The sub-menus available depend on the filter. „ For 2- and 3-wire single-phase connections and for the 2-wire two-phase connection, only selection L1 is available. The filter is therefore not displayed, but the display is the same as for L1. „...

  • Page 72: Filters L1, L2 And L3

    10.1.3. THE ENERGIES CONSUMED DISPLAY SCREEN sub-menu displays the meters of energy consumed by the load. Active energy. Inductive reactive effect . DC energy (only if a DC current sen- sor is connected). Reactive energy. Capacitive reactive effect Distortion energy. Apparent energy.

  • Page 73: Filter Σ

    Notes: This screen corresponds to the choice “non-active quantities broken down” in the VAR tab of the Calculation Methods menu of the Configuration mode. If the choice had been “non-active quantities not broken down”, then the D label (dis- tortion power) would have disappeared and the Q label would have been replaced by the N label.

  • Page 74: Starting Energy Metering

    10.3.2. THE TOTAL ENERGY METERS DISPLAY SCREEN The Wh... sub-menu displays the energy meters. Meters of energy consumed by the Meters of the energy generated by load. the load. Total active energy. Total DC energy (only if a DC current Total inductive reactive effect .

  • Page 75: Disconnection Of Energy Metering

    10.5. DISCONNECTION OF ENERGY METERING To suspend energy metering, press The stop date and time of the meter- ing are displayed alongside the start date and time. Figure 119: the Energy Metering screen in varh A disconnection of the metering is not definitive. It can be resumed by pressing the key again.

  • Page 76: Screen Snapshot Mode

    11. SCREEN SNAPSHOT MODE key can be used to take up to 50 screen snapshots and display the recorded snapshots. Saved screens may then be transferred to a PC using the PAT2 application (Power Analyser Transfer). 11.1. SCREEN SNAPSHOTS Press the key for approx. 3 seconds to shoot any screen . When a screen snapshot is taken, the icon of the active mode ( ) in the top strip of the display unit is replaced by the...

  • Page 77: Help Key

    12. HELP KEY key provides information about the key functions and symbols used in the current display mode. The following information is displayed: Reminder of the mode used. Help in progress. List of information concerning the keys and icons. Help page 2. Help page 1.

  • Page 78: Data Export Software

    To install it, load the installation CD in the CD drive of your PC, then follow the instructions on screen. Then connect the device to the PC using the USB cord supplied, after removing the cover that protects the USB port on the device. C.A 8336 POWER & QUALITY ANALYSER...

  • Page 79: General Specifications

    14. GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS 14.1. ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS The following chart shows conditions relating to ambient temperature and humidity: 1 = Reference range. 2 = Range for use. 3 = Range for storage with batteries. 4 = Range for storage without batteries. °C 42,5 Caution: at temperatures above 40°C, the device must be powered by the battery alone OR by the mains power unit alone;...

  • Page 80: Electromagnetic Compatibility

    14.4. ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY Emissions and immunity in an industrial setting compliant with IEC 61326-1. As regards electromagnetic emissions, the device belongs to group 1, class A, under standard EN55011. Class A devices are intended for use in industrial environments. There may be difficulties ensuring electromagnetic compatibility in other environments, because of conducted and radiated disturbance.
  • Page 81 14.5.5. DISPLAY UNIT The display unit is an active matrix (TFT) LCD type having the following characteristics: „ 5.7” diagonal „ resolution 320 x 240 pixels (1/4 VGA) „ colour „ minimum luminosity 210 cd/m², typical 300 cd/m² „ response time between 10 and 25 ms „...

  • Page 82: Functional Characteristics

    15. FUNCTIONAL CHARACTERISTICS 15.1. REFERENCE CONDITIONS This table indicates the reference conditions of the quantities to be used by default in the characteristics indicated in § 15.3.4. Parameter Reference conditions Ambient temperature 23 ± 3 °C Humidity (relative humidity) [45 %; 75 %] Atmospheric pressure [860 hPa ;...

  • Page 83: Electrical Characteristics

    15.3. ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS 15.3.1. VOLTAGE INPUT CHARACTERISTICS Range for use: to 1000 V AC+DC phase-to-neutral and neutral-to-earth. to 2000 V AC+DC phase-to-phase. (on condition of compliance with 1000 V with respect to earth in Cat III). Input impedance: 1195 kW (between phase and neutral and between neutral and earth). Admissible overload: 1200 V constant.
  • Page 84 Quantities concerning currents and voltages Measurement range without ratio Display resolution Maximum intrinsic (with unity ratio) Measurement (with unity ratio) error Minimum Maximum Frequency 40 Hz 70 Hz 10 mHz ±10 mHz 100 mV ±(0.5 % + 200 mV) V < 1000 V simple 1,000 V ±(0.5 % + 1 V)
  • Page 85 Measurement range without ratio Display resolution Maximum intrinsic (with unity ratio) Measurement (with unity ratio) error Minimum Maximum J93 clamp 3,500 A ±(0.5 % + 1 A) 100 mA ±(0.5 % + 200 mA) A < 1000 A C193 clamp 1,000 A PAC93 clamp ±(0.5 % + 1 A)
  • Page 86 Measurement range without ratio Display resolution (with unity ratio) Measurement Maximum intrinsic error (with unity ratio) Minimum Maximum J93 clamp 3,500 A ± (1 % + 1 A) 100 mA A < 1,000 A C193 clamp 1,200 A ±(1 % + 1 A) PAC93 clamp A ≥...
  • Page 87 Quantities concerning powers and energies Measurement range without ratio Display resolution (with unity ratio) Measurement Maximum intrinsic error (with unity ratio) Minimum Maximum ±(1 %) cos Φ ≥ 0.8 Excluding FLEX ±(1.5 % + 10 ct) 0.2 ≤ cos Φ < 0.8 Active 10 mW 10 MW...
  • Page 88 (7) n is the highest order for which the harmonic ratio is non-zero. (8) With E3N clamp (100 mV/A) (9) With J93 clamp, for a 2-wire single-phase connection (phase-to-ground voltage). (10) The energy corresponds to more than 190 years at maximum power Pdc (unit ratios). Quantities associated with power Measurement range Measurement...
  • Page 89 Quantities concerning the spectral composition of the signals Measurement range Measurement Display resolution Maximum intrinsic error Minimum Maximum 0.1 % τ < 1000 % 1500 %f Voltage harmonic ratio (τ ±(2.5 % + 5 ct) 100 %r τ ≥ 1000 % 0.1 % ±(2 % + (n ×...
  • Page 90 Measurement range Display resolution (with unity ratio) Measurement Maximum intrinsic error (with unity ratio) Minimum Maximum 100 mV V < 1000 V simple 1000 V ±(2.5 % + 1 V) V ≥ 1000 V harmonic voltage 100 mV (order n ≥ 2) U <...
  • Page 91 Measurement range Display resolution (with unity ratio) Measurement Maximum intrinsic error (with unity ratio) Minimum Maximum J93 clamp 3500 A ±((n x 0.4%) + 1 A) 100 mA A < 1000 A C193 clamp 1000 A ±((n x 0.4%) + 1 A) PAC93 clamp A ≥...
  • Page 92 Measurement ranges after application of the ratios Measurement range Measurement Minimum Maximum with minimum ratio(s) with maximum ratio(s) simple 120 mV 170 GV & RMS ½ voltage compound 120 mV 340 GV simple 120 mV 200 GV Direct voltage (DC) compound 120 mV 400 GV...
  • Page 93 15.3.5. CURRENT SENSOR CHARACTERISTICS (AFTER LINEARIZATION) Sensor errors are offset by a typical correction inside the device. This typical correction, applied to the phase and amplitude, depends on the type of sensor connected (detected automatically) and the gain in the current acquisition channel used. The RMS current measurement error and phase error are additional errors (which must therefore be added to the device errors), indicated as influences on the calculations carried out by the analyser (powers, energies, power factors, tangents, etc.).

  • Page 94: Class B Under Standard Iec 61000-4-30

    Note: This table does not take into account possible distortion of the measured signal (THD) because of the physical limitations of the current sensor (saturation of the magnetic circuit or of the Hall-effect cell). Class B under standard IEC61000-4-30. 15.4. CLASS B UNDER STANDARD IEC 61000-4-30 15.4.1.

  • Page 95: Appendices

    16. APPENDICES This section presents the mathematical formulae used in calculating various parameters. 16.1. MATHEMATICAL FORMULAE 16.1.1. NETWORK FREQUENCY AND SAMPLING Sampling is controlled by (locked to) the network frequency so as to deliver 256 samples per cycle from 40 Hz to 70 Hz. This locking is essential for many calculations, including reactive power, distorting power, fundamental power factor, unbalance, and harmonic factors and angles.
  • Page 96 16.1.2.3. DC quantities (neutral included except Udc – reassessment every second) ∈ ∈ Phase-to-ground DC voltage of phase (i+1) with i [0; 3] (i = 3 neutral-ground voltage) NechSec − [ ][ ] ∑ ⋅ NechSec Phase-to-phase DC voltage of phase (i+1) with i ∈ [0 ; 2] NechSec −...
  • Page 97 16.1.2.7. Peak factors (neutral included except Ucf – over one second) Peak factor of phase-to-neutral voltage of phase (i+1) with i ∈ [0; 3] (i = 3 ⇔ neutral). max( NechSec − ∑ [ ][ ] ⋅ NechSec Peak factor of phase-to-phase voltage of phase (i+1) with i ∈ [0 ; 2]. max( NechSec −...
  • Page 98 Negative-sequence unbalance factor of the phase-to-ground voltages in a distribution system with neutral Vrms − Vunb Vrms Remark: The following quantities are saved with the negative-sequence unbalance factor in a trend recording: Vns = |Vrms-| and Vps = |Vrms+| (the norms of the negative-sequence and positive-sequence fundamental symmetrical components, respectively).
  • Page 99 16.1.3. HARMONIC MODE 16.1.3.1. FFT (neutral included except for Uharm and VAharm – over 4 consecutive periods every second) These calculations are carried out by FFT (16 bits), 1024 points over four cycles, with a rectangular window (see IEC61000-4-7). From the real parts b and the imaginary parts a , the harmonic factor is calculated for each order (j) and for each phase (i) Vharm[i] [j], Uharm[i][j] and Aharm[i][j] with respect to the fundamental and the angles Vph[i][j], Uph[i][j] and Aph[i][j] with respect to the...
  • Page 100 Total harmonic distortion of channel (i+1) with i ∈ [0; 3] (THD-R). [ ][ ] [ ][ ] [ ][ ] ∑ ∑ ∑ Vharm Uharm Aharm Vthdr Uthdr Athdr [ ][ ] [ ][ ] [ ][ ] ∑ ∑...
  • Page 101 Three-phase systems with neutral ∑ [ ][ Vharm ∑ Vharm [ ][ ] Vharm Three-phase systems without neutral ∑ [ ][ Uharm ∑ Uharm [ ][ ] Uharm Positive -sequence harmonics ∑ [ ][ Aharm ∑ Aharm [ ][ ] Aharm Three-phase systems with neutral ∑...
  • Page 102 Total active power P[3] = W[3] = P[0] + P[1] + P[2] Total DC power Pdc[3] = Wdc[3] = Pdc[0] + Pdc[1] + Pdc[2] Total apparent power S[3] = VA[3] = S[0] + S[1] + S[2] Total reactive power (Non-active quantities broken down) [3] = VARF[3] = Q [0] + Q [1] + Q...
  • Page 103 16.1.4.3. Three-phase system without neutral Three-phase distribution systems without neutral are considered as a whole (no phase-by-phase power calculation). The device therefore displays only the total quantities. The two-wattmeter method (Aron method or two-element method) is applied for the calculation of the total active power, of the total reactive power and of the total DC power.
  • Page 104 c) Reference in L3 Active power, Wattmeter 1 NechSec − [ ][ ] [ ][ ] ∑ ⋅ − ⋅ NechSec Active power, Wattmeter 2 NechSec − [ ][ ] [ ][ ] ∑ ⋅ ⋅ NechSec Reactive power, Wattmeter 1 NechPer NechSec −...
  • Page 105 Active power NechSec − [ ][ ] [ ][ ] ∑ ⋅ ⋅ NechSec DC power Pdc[0] = Wdc[0] = Udc[0] . Adc[0] Apparent power S[0] = VA[0] = Urms[0] . Arms[0] Reactive power (Non-active quantities broken down – Configuration >Calculation methods >VAR) NechPer NechSec −...
  • Page 106 With: NechSec − NechSec − NechSec − ∑ ∑ ∑ [ ][ ] [ ][ ] [ ][ ] [ ][ ] [ ][ ] [ ][ ] ⋅ ⋅ ⋅ NechSec − NechSec − NechSec − NechPer NechPer NechPer ∑...
  • Page 107 If reference on L3 NechSec − NechSec − ∑ ∑ [ ][ ] [ ][ ] [ ][ ] [ ][ ] ⋅ − ⋅ ⋅ ⋅ NechSec NechSec Note: The fundamental power factor is also called the displacement factor. Total tangent d) Two-phase system without neutral Two-phase distribution systems without neutral (2-wire two-phase) are treated as single-phase distribution system having their...
  • Page 108 16.1.6. ENERGIES Energies excluding neutral – over Tint with refresh every second 16.1.6.1. Distribution system with neutral Note: Tint is the power integration time in energy calculations; the beginning and end of this period are user-controlled. Consumed DC energy of phase (i+1) with i ∈ [0; 2] [ ][ ] [ ][ ] [ ][ ]...
  • Page 109 Total consumed capacitive reactive energy (Non-active quantities broken down – Configuration >Calculation methods >VAR) C[0][3] = VARhC[0][3] = Q C[0][0] + Q C[0][1] + Q C[0][2] Total consumed distortion energy (Non-active quantities broken down – Configuration >Calculation methods >VAR) Dh[0][3] = VADh[0][3] = Dh[0][0] + Dh[0][1] + Dh[0][2] Total consumed non-active energy (Non-active quantities not broken down –...
  • Page 110 Total generated inductive reactive energy (Non-active quantities broken down – Configuration >Calculation methods >VAR) hL[1][3] = VARhL[1][3] = Q hL[1][0] + Q hL[1][1] + Q hL[1][2] Total generated capacitive reactive energy (Non-active quantities broken down – Configuration >Calculation methods >VAR) hC[1][3] = VARhC[1][3] = Q hC[1][0] + Q hC[1][1] + Q...
  • Page 111 Total consumed non-active energy (Non-active quantities not broken down – Configuration >Calculation methods >VAR) [ ][ ] [ ][ ] [ ][ ] ∑ VARh 3600 b) Total generated DC energy [ ][ ] − [ ][ ] [ ][ ] ∑...

  • Page 112: Distribution Sources Supported By The Device

    16.2. DISTRIBUTION SOURCES SUPPORTED BY THE DEVICE See connections in §4.6. 16.3. HYSTERESIS Hysteresis is a screening principle that is often used after detection of a threshold stage in Alarm mode (see §4.10) and in Inrush current mode (see §5.2). A correct hysteresis setting avoids repeated changes of state when the measurement oscillates about the threshold.

  • Page 113: Four-Quadrant Diagram

    16.5. FOUR-QUADRANT DIAGRAM This diagram is used for power and energy measurements (see §9). Figure 123: Four-quadrant diagram 16.6. MECHANISM FOR TRIGGERING TRANSIENT CAPTURES The sampling rate is a constant 256 samples per cycle. When a transient capture is started, each sample is compared to the sample from the preceding cycle.

  • Page 114: Glossary

    Here are the conditions for triggering and stopping captures: Triggering and stop conditions Triggering filter Triggering condition ⇔ [A1 half-cycle RMS value] > [Triggering threshold] Stop condition ⇔ [A1 half-cycle RMS value] < [Stop threshold] Triggering condition ⇔ [A2 half-cycle RMS value] > [Triggering threshold] Stop condition ⇔...
  • Page 115 Displacement factor (cos Φ). Exa (10 K factor. Used to quantify the effect of a load on a transformer. Harmonic loss factor. Flicker a visual effect of voltage variations. Frequency number of full voltage or current cycles in one second. Fundamental component: component at the fundamental frequency.
  • Page 116 Phase-to-phase RMS distortion voltage (line voltage). Phase-to-phase DC voltage (line voltage). Harmonic of the phase-to-phase voltage (line voltage). Upk+ Maximum peak value of phase-to-phase voltage (line voltage). Upk- Minimum peak value of phase-to-phase voltage (line voltage). Urms Phase-to-phase RMS voltage (line voltage). Uthd Total harmonic distortion of the phase-to-phase voltage (line voltage).

  • Page 117: Maintenance

    17. MAINTENANCE Except for the battery and the memory card, the instrument contains no parts that can be replaced by personnel who have not been specially trained and accredited. Any unauthorized repair or replacement of a part by an “equivalent” may gravely impair safety.

  • Page 118: Replacing The Screen Film

    „ Turn the device over and hold the battery as it slides out of its compartment. „ Disconnect the battery connector without pulling on the wires. Note: The Qualistar+ preserves the date-time function for approximately 4 hours without the battery. The Qualistar+ preserves an inrush current capture for approximately 2 hours without its battery.

  • Page 119: Memory Card

    This instrument should be checked at least once a year. For checking and calibration, contact one of our accredited metrology laboratories (information and contact details available on request), at our Chauvin Arnoux subsidiary or the branch in your country. Note: From the first check of the device, the Information sub-menu of the Configuration menu displays the date of adjustment...

  • Page 120: Repair

    17.8. UPDATING OF THE INTERNAL SOFTWARE With a view to providing, at all times, the best possible service in terms of performance and technical upgrades, Chauvin Arnoux invites you to update the embedded software of the device by downloading the new version, available free of charge on our web site.

  • Page 121: To Order

    19. TO ORDER 19.1. C.A 8336 THREE-PHASE ELECTRICAL NETWORKS ANALYSER C.A 8336 without clamp ............................P01160591 The device is delivered with: „ 1 no. 22 shoulder bag „ 5 black straight-straight safety cables 3 m long attached with a Velcro tie.
  • Page 122 Tel: 01 61 61 9 61-0 - Fax: 01 61 61 9 61-61 Tel: (01) 890 425 - Fax: (01) 890 424 SCANDINAVIA - CA Mätsystem AB USA - Chauvin Arnoux Inc - d.b.a AEMC Instruments Sjöflygvägen 35 - SE 18304 TÄBY 200 Foxborough Blvd. - Foxborough - MA 02035...

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