Nikon SB-5000 Reference Manual page 8

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Monitor pre-flashes
A series of flashes emitted for a very short time before the actual firing that
enables the camera to measure the light reflected on a subject
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Effective flash output distance
A
Flash-to-subject distance with correctly adjusted flash output
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Effective flash output distance range
Range of effective flash output distance
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Zoom head position
Position of a Speedlight zoom head; the angle of coverage changes as the
zoom head position changes.
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Flash exposure compensation
Intentional flash output change to obtain the desired subject brightness
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Default settings
Function and mode settings at the time of purchase
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Illumination patterns
Control types of light falloff at edges; the SB-5000 provides 3 illumination
patterns, standard, even and center-weighted.
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Test firing
Flash firing to determine whether the Speedlight fires properly
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Modeling illumination
Repeated flash firings at a reduced flash output level to check the glare
and shadows cast on a subject
A-7