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Allied Telesis AR400 SERIES User Manual

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AR400 SERIES ROUTER
USER GUIDE
Software Release 2.5.1

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  • Page 1 AR400 SERIES ROUTER USER GUIDE Software Release 2.5.1...
  • Page 2 AR400 Series Router User Guide for Software Release 2.5.1 Document Number C613-02021-00 REV C. Copyright © 2001 Allied Telesyn International, Corp. 960 Stewart Drive Suite B, Sunnyvale CA 94086, USA. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced without prior written permission from Allied Telesyn.

  • Page 3: Table Of Contents

    Introducing The AR400 Series Router ..............7 Why Read This User Guide? ................7 Where To Find More Information ..............8 The AR400 Series Router Documentation Set ..........8 Online Technical Support ................9 Features of the AR400 Series Router ..............9 Management Features ................
  • Page 4 AR400 Series Router User Guide Example: Load a Patch File Using HTTP ............. 33 Uploading Files From the Router ............... 34 Example: Upload a Configuration File Using TFTP ........34 More information ..................35 Upgrading Router Software ................35 Example: Upgrade to a New Software Release Using TFTP ......36 Example: Upgrade to a new patch file ............
  • Page 5 Resource Reservation Protocol (RSVP) .............. 87 OSPF ....................... 88 Configuring a Basic OSPF Network ............88 Maintenance and Troubleshooting CHAPTER 6 This Chapter ....................91 How the Router Starts Up ................92 How to Avoid Problems .................. 93 What to do if you clear FLASH memory completely ......... 95 What to do if ISDN Fails to Connect ..............

  • Page 7: Chapter 1 Introduction

    Congratulations on purchasing an AR400 Series router — the optimal solution for your small or medium sized business. This guide introduces the AR400 Series router and will guide you through the most common uses and applications of your new router. Getting started will not take long—many applications are set up in just a few minutes.

  • Page 8: Where To Find More Information

    AR400 Series Router User Guide Where To Find More Information Before installing the router and any expansion options, read the important safety information in the AR400 Series Router Safety and Statutory Information booklet. Follow the Quick Install Guides’ step-by-step instructions for physically installing the router and any expansion options.

  • Page 9: Online Technical Support

    Introduction Online Technical Support For online support for your AR400 Series router, see our online support page at http://www.alliedtelesyn.co.nz/support/ar400. This page also contains the latest router software release. Use the LOAD com- mand to download software upgrades directly from the Allied Telesyn web site to the router’s FLASH memory.

  • Page 10: Software Features

    AR400 Series Router User Guide Software Features Existing Software features for the AR400 Series router include: IP, IPX and AppleTalk routing IPv6 OSPF RIP and RIP V2 Spanning tree bridging BAP/BACP (Bandwidth Allocation Protocol) PPP multilink CLI, PAP and CHAP...

  • Page 11: Special Feature Licences

    Introduction Special Feature Licences You need a special feature licence and password to activate some special features over and above the standard software release. Typically, these special features are covered by government security regulations. Special feature licences and passwords are quite separate and distinct from the standard software release licences and passwords.

  • Page 13: Chapter 2 Getting Started

    Physically connect a terminal or PC to the router (see “Connecting a Terminal or PC” on page 14 and the AR400 Series Router Quick Install Guide). Set the Terminal Communication parameters to match the router’s settings (see “Terminal Communication Parameters” on page 15).

  • Page 14: Warning About Flash Memory

    AR400 Series Router User Guide Warning about FLASH memory Before you start to configure your router, note that it is possible to enter commands that can impact severely on your router’s performance. DO NOT clear the FLASH memory completely. The software release files are stored in FLASH, and clearing FLASH memory would leave no software to run the router.

  • Page 15: Terminal Communication Parameters

    SET ASYN command. See the router’s online help or the Interfaces chapter in the AR400 Series Router Software Reference for more information on how to configure the asynchronous port.

  • Page 16: Changing A Password

    Recovery of access to the router is complex. Once you have logged into the manager account you are able to enter commands from this guide and from the AR400 Series Router Software Reference. Software Release 2.5.1 C613-02021-00 REV C...

  • Page 17: Using The Commands

    Using the Commands You control the router with commands described in this document and in the AR400 Series Router Software Reference. While the keywords in commands are not case sensitive, the values entered for some parameters are. The router supports command line editing and recall. Command line editing functions and keystrokes are shown in Table 2 on page 17.

  • Page 18: Getting Command Line Help

    AR400 Series Router User Guide Getting Command Line Help Online help is available for all router commands. A multilingual, language- independent online help facility provides help information via the command: HELP [topic] If a topic is not specified, a list of available topics is displayed. The HELP command displays information from the system help file stored in FLASH memory.

  • Page 19: Enabling Special Feature Licences

    Getting Started Enabling Special Feature Licences You must enable the special feature licence you have purchased before you can use the licenced features. You will need the password provided by your authorised distributor or reseller. The advanced upgrade licence and password are different from the standard software release licence and password.

  • Page 20: Assigning An Ip Address

    Assigning an IP Address After you log into the manager account (see “Logging In” on page 15) you can enter commands from this document and from the AR400 Series Router Software Reference. You may want access to the router over one of its switch ports (also called network ports) in order to Telnet into the router from an IP host connected to one of the switch ports.

  • Page 21: Setting Routes

    Chapter 4, Physical and Layer 2 Interfaces in this document, and the Switching chapter in the AR400 Series Router Software Reference. For more information about IP addressing and routing, see Chapter 5, Routing in this document, and the Internet Protocol (IP) chapter in the AR400 Series Router Software Reference. Setting Routes The process of routing packets consists of selectively forwarding data packets from one network to another.

  • Page 23: This Chapter

    Operating the Router Chapter 3 Operating the Router This Chapter This chapter introduces basic operations on the router, including: “User Accounts and Privileges” on page 23 “Normal Mode and Security Mode” on page 25 “Remote Management” on page 28 “Storing Files in FLASH Memory” on page 28 “Using Scripts”...
  • Page 24 AR400 Series Router User Guide using an internal database called the User Authentication Database, or by interrogation of external RADIUS (Remote Authentication Dial In User Service) or TACACS (Terminal Access Controller Access System) servers. To use an account with manager privilege, log in to the account by entering the...

  • Page 25: Normal Mode And Security Mode

    26 lists commands that only a security officer can execute when the router is in security mode. A complete list of commands limited by security mode are listed in the Operation chapter in the AR400 Series Router Software Reference.
  • Page 26 AR400 Series Router User Guide Table 4: Commands requiring SECURITY OFFICER privilege when the router is operating in security mode . Command Specific Parameters ACTIVATE IPSEC ACTIVATE SCR ADD FR DLC ENCRYPTION ADD IP INT ADD IP SA ADD PKI...
  • Page 27 Operating the Router Table 4: Commands requiring SECURITY OFFICER privilege when the router is operating in security mode (Continued). Command Specific Parameters DISABLE SSH DISABLE USER DUMP EDIT ENABLE FEATURE ENABLE IPSEC ENABLE ISAKMP ENABLE PKI DEBUG ENABLE PPP DEBUG ENABLE PPP TEMPLATE DEBUG ENABLE SA ENABLE SNMP...

  • Page 28: Remote Management

    AR400 Series Router User Guide Table 4: Commands requiring SECURITY OFFICER privilege when the router is operating in security mode (Continued). Command Specific Parameters SHOW CONFIG SHOW ENCO KEY SHOW FEATURE SHOW FILE SHOW PPP CONFIG SHOW STAR [=id], MKTTRANSFER, NETKEY...

  • Page 29: Using Scripts

    For more information about working with files see the Working With Files section, Operation chapter, AR400 Series Router Software Reference. To display the files in FLASH, enter the command: SHOW FILE Figure 2: Example output from the SHOW FILE command.

  • Page 30: Saving The Router's Configuration

    Manually edit a configuration file using the router’s built in editor (see “Using the Built-in Editor” on page 39), or upload it to a PC using the UPLOAD command (see the Operation chapter, AR400 Series Router Software Reference), edit it using any text editor, and download it again. Give configuration script files an extension of .scp...

  • Page 31: Loading And Uploading Files

    Operating the Router Storing multiple scripts also allows you to keep a backup router with configuration scripts stored on it for every router in the network to speed up network recovery time. Loading and Uploading Files When you want to upgrade your router to a new software patch or release, or use a new configuration file, load files onto the router using the router’s LOADER module.

  • Page 32: Loading Files

    Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP) to load PKI certificates or certificate revocation lists (CRLs), see the Operation chapter in the AR400 Series Router Software Reference. The router’s default download method is TFTP. To load a file onto the router...

  • Page 33: Setting Loader Defaults

    DEFAULT. For more information about setting the LOADER defaults on your router, see the Operations chapter in the AR400 Series Router Software Reference. Example: Load a Patch File Using HTTP This example loads a patch file onto the router from a HTTP server on the network.

  • Page 34: Uploading Files From The Router

    Allied Telesyn routers and layer 3 switches in your network. The TFTP Server, and a readme file describing how to install and use it, are provided on the AR400 Series Router Documentation and Tools CD-ROM. Example: Upload a Configuration File Using TFTP This example uploads a configuration file from the router to a TFTP server on the network.

  • Page 35: More Information

    Make sure you download a patch or release file that matches your router model. A patch or release file for an AR400 Series router has 52 as the first two digits of the filename. Patch files have the file extension and release files .paz...

  • Page 36: Example: Upgrade To A New Software Release Using Tftp

    SHOW INSTALL For more information about INSTALL commands, see the Operations chapter in the AR400 Series Router Software Reference. Example: Upgrade to a New Software Release Using TFTP This example assumes the router is correctly configured to allow TFTP to function.
  • Page 37 Operating the Router Load the new release file onto the router. Make sure there is space in FLASH for the new release file. Load the new file onto your router. Make sure the release file matches your router model (see “Upgrading Router Software” on page 35). Load any patch files required, and the help file for the release (see “Loading and Uploading Files”...

  • Page 38: Example: Upgrade To A New Patch File

    AR400 Series Router User Guide Make the release the default (permanent) release. If the router operates correctly with the new release, make the release permanent. SET INSTALL=PREFERRED RELEASE=52-241.rez Every time the router reboots from now on, it loads the new release from FLASH.

  • Page 39: Using The Built-In Editor

    Operating the Router Using the Built-in Editor The AR400 Series router has a built-in full-screen text editor for editing script files stored on the router file subsystem. Using the text editor you can run script files manually, or set script files to run automatically at router restart, or on trigger events.

  • Page 40: For More About Operations And Facilities

    “vlan11”. For more information see the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) chapter and the Interfaces chapter in the AR400 Series Router Software Reference. To display the current state and configuration of the SNMP agent, enter the...
  • Page 41 How to define a remote security officer, so you can manage the security features remotely via Telnet. See other chapters in the AR400 Series Router Software Reference for more information on how to: Use the logging facility to monitor network activity and to select and display the results (see the Logging Facility chapter).

  • Page 43: This Chapter

    Physical and Layer 2 Interfaces Chapter 4 Physical and Layer 2 Interfaces This Chapter This chapter introduces the physical and logical interfaces available on the base unit router and the optional interfaces available as expansion options for the PIC bay. Topics covered are: “Interfaces”...

  • Page 44: Interfaces

    Autonegotiation allows switch ports to adjust their speed and duplex mode to accommodate the devices connected to them (see “Switch Ports” on page 48 and the Switching chapter in the AR400 Series Router Software Reference). Switch ports are grouped into logical interfaces called Virtual LANs (VLANs), numbered from 1.

  • Page 45: Naming Interfaces

    Two of the encapsulations supported for synchronous ports—Frame Relay and Point-to-Point Protocol—are described in detail in the Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) and Frame Relay chapters in the AR400 Series Router Software Reference. The Basic Rate and Primary Rate ISDN interfaces are described in the Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) chapter in the AR400 Series Router Software Reference.

  • Page 46: Ethernet Ports

    Ethernet interface. For more information about Ethernet interfaces and encapsulations, see the Interfaces chapter in the AR400 Series Router Software Reference. Asynchronous Port Asynchronous ports are normally used to connect a terminal to the router for configuration purposes.

  • Page 47: Asynchronous Call Control (Acc)

    Hardware Reference or the Interfaces chapter in the AR400 Series Router Software Reference. For more information about configuring PPP interfaces across an asynchronous interfaces, see the Point to Point Protocol (PPP) chapter in the AR400 Series Router Software Reference. Asynchronous Call Control (ACC)

  • Page 48: Synchronous Ports

    To set the clock speed, enter the command: SET SYN=n SPEED=speed For more information about synchronous interfaces, see the Interfaces chapter in the AR400 Series Router Software Reference. Switch Ports A switch port is one of the physical Ethernet interfaces on the base router unit.

  • Page 49: Limiting Switch Traffic

    By default, broadcast and multicast packets are discarded if they are in excess of 25% the line rate: SET SWITCH BROADCASTLIMIT=ON For more information about limiting switch traffic, see the Switching chapter in the AR400 Series Router Software Reference. Software Release 2.5.1 C613-02021-00 REV C...

  • Page 50: Virtual Lans

    AR400 Series Router User Guide Virtual LANs A Virtual LAN (VLAN) is a software-defined broadcast domain. The router’s VLAN feature allows you to segment a network by software management to improve network performance. You can group workstations, servers, and other network equipment connected to the router according to similar data and security requirements.

  • Page 51: Point To Point Protocol (Ppp)

    SET PPP=ppp-interface ECHO=ON LQR=OFF For more information about PPP, see the Point to Point Protocol (PPP) chapter in the AR400 Series Router Software Reference. Dynamic PPP Interfaces and PPP Templates A request from a lower layer (ISDN, ACC or L2TP) to create a new PPP interface creates a Dynamic PPP interface.

  • Page 52: Pppoe

    AR400 Series Router User Guide PPPoE PPP over Ethernet (PPPoE) is defined in RFC 2516 “A Method of Transmitting PPP Over Ethernet”. PPPoE is used to run PPP over the Ethernet. The same authentication, billing and transfer systems as for PPP are then available in Ethernet networks.
  • Page 53 Physical and Layer 2 Interfaces Parameters for setting the interface defaults for encryption and compression are also set with the CREATE command. These values are used by all DLCs on the interface unless specifically overridden for a particular DLC. After the Frame Relay interface is created, to change the LMI parameters, enter the command: SET FRAMERELAY You may modify any or all of the parameters on a single command line.
  • Page 54 AR400 Series Router User Guide Add logical interfaces if required Frame Relay logical interfaces (FRLI) provide a mechanism for organising DLCs into groups. Each FRLI, or group of DLCs, are assigned its own IP address to split the Frame Relay network into subnets. A default FRLI 0 is always created when a Frame Relay interface is created.

  • Page 55: Integrated Services Digital Network (Isdn)

    Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) To use ISDN connections with an AR400 Series router you need to install the appropriate Port Interface Card (PIC) in the router’s PIC bay. Either install an ISDN Basic Rate ISDN (BRI) or Primary Rate ISDN (PRI) PIC. Depending on...

  • Page 56: Default Setup

    However, you can modify these settings as required to suit other network situations (see the Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) chapter, AR400 Series Router Software Reference). Table 9: Standard LAPD configuration for an ISDN Basic Rate Interface.

  • Page 57: Configuring Isdn

    The router will accept either one or two Service Profile Identifiers (SPIDs). Configuring Basic Rate ISDN To connect an AR400 Series router with an AT-AR021(U) PIC installed to a Basic Rate ISDN service the following steps are required: Check BRI hardware configuration.
  • Page 58 SET Q931=0 NUM1=number NUM2=number SUB1=subaddress SUB2=subaddress This step is only required if the router is sharing the ISDN S/T bus with other ISDN devices. See the AR400 Series Router Software Reference for more information. Go to Step 5. Set switch type and SPIDs (USA only).
  • Page 59 Physical and Layer 2 Interfaces If the Auto SPID procedures fail, manually enter the SPIDs with the command: SET Q931=0 SPID1=spid SPID2=spid Enter directory numbers and subaddresses with the command: SET Q931=0 NUM1=number NUM2=number SUB1=subaddress SUB2=subaddress The ISDN service provider must supply the directory numbers and subaddresses.

  • Page 60: Configuring Primary Rate Isdn

    ISDN is now ready for use by routing protocols such as IP and IPX. Configuring Primary Rate ISDN Your AR400 Series router can operate in either TE or NT mode, using 75W or 120W termination. The router is shipped with jumpers set to TE mode, 75W termination, Tx grounded and Rx grounded via a 100nF capacitor.
  • Page 61 SET Q931=0 NUM1=number NUM2=number SUB1=subaddress SUB2=subaddress This step is only required if the router is sharing the ISDN S/T bus with other ISDN devices. See the AR400 Series Router Software Reference for more information. Create call definitions. Create ISDN call definitions to enable the router to make ISDN calls to other devices on the ISDN network.

  • Page 62: Configuring Isdn Dial On Demand

    AR400 Series Router User Guide and other call is cleared. The direction of precedence is not important, but set precedence to IN at one end of the call and OUT at the other end of the call. The ISDN number is the exact sequence required to reach the remote router from the local router, including STD access codes and area codes.

  • Page 63: Configuring Isdn Bandwidth On Demand

    Physical and Layer 2 Interfaces Create PPP interfaces. Create PPP interfaces to use the ISDN calls and enable the IDLE timer. Using the example in step 6 of “Configuring Basic Rate ISDN” on page 57, on the Head Office router create PPP interface 0 to use the ISDN call ROHO, enter the command: CREATE PPP=0 OVER=ISDN-ROHO IDLE=ON On the Remote Office router, to create PPP interface 0 to use the ISDN call...

  • Page 64: Installing Port Interface Cards (Pics)

    Leased lines are a commonly used for building Wide Area Networks (WANs). A leased line maybe the right solution if you need to connect distant sites across public areas. By installing an AT-AR023 SYN PIC in your AR400 Series router this option is available to you.
  • Page 65 Physical and Layer 2 Interfaces The output of the SHOW SYN command should show “Active” set to “yes” and “Module” set to “ppp”. The output of the SHOW PPP command should show interface ppp0 over syn0 with “LCP” as the control protocol. The Tx and Rx LEDs are lit as data is sent and received on the interface.

  • Page 67: Chapter 5 Routing

    TCP/IP provides a range of services including remote login, Telnet, file transfer (FTP), Email and access to the World-Wide Web. The AR400 Series routers route TCP/IP packets between switch ports in separate VLANs, and across the Wide Area Network using services like ISDN, Frame Relay and leased lines.

  • Page 68: Before You Start

    Connect a terminal to the console port (port 0) on each router as described in the in the AR400 Series Router Quick Install Guide. Alternatively, you can connect a PC to the console port and use a terminal emulation program like Windows™...
  • Page 69 ADD VLAN=vlan2 PORT=2-7 To add untagged ports to vlan3, enter the command: ADD VLAN=vlan3 PORT=1-3 See the Switching chapter in the AR400 Series Router Software Reference for more detailed information about creating VLANs and VLAN ports. Software Release 2.5.1 C613-02021-00 REV C...
  • Page 70 AR400 Series Router User Guide Configure IP Routing To clear any pre-existing IP configuration and turn on the IP routing software on each router, enter the commands: PURGE IP ENABLE IP On the Head Office router define two IP interfaces, one for the VLAN and one for the wide area link: ADD IP INT=VLAN2 IP=172.16.8.33 MASK=255.255.255.0...

  • Page 71: Configuring Ip Multicasting

    Routing You will see the login screen for the Remote Office router. To connect from the Remote Office router to the Head Office router, on the Remote Office router, enter the command: TELNET 172.16.8.33 Save the configuration To save the new dynamic configuration as a script, enter the command: CREATE CONFIG=IPCONF.SCP Configuring IP Multicasting IP multicasting is used to transmit packets to a group of hosts simultaneously...

  • Page 72: Configuring Igmp

    AR400 Series Router User Guide While you can configure different multicasting protocols on different interfaces on the same router, multicasting information is not translated between the different multicast protocols. Configuring IGMP By default, IGMP is disabled on the router and on all interfaces. To enable...
  • Page 73 Routing Figure 6: Multicast configuration example using IGMP and DVMRP. Router C Router A 203.45.90.2 203.45.90.3 ppp1 ppp0 eth0 ISDN 172.73.1.2 172.73.1.1 202.96.152.12 ppp0 189.124.7.9 Frame Relay IP host A 189.124.7.8 ppp0 202.96.152.4 172.70.1.2 172.74.1.2 eth0 eth0 172.70.1.1 172.74.1.1 Router B Router D Router B UGIPMU1_R...
  • Page 74 AR400 Series Router User Guide Configure PPP. To create PPP interfaces over a synchronous port and the ISDN call, enter the commands: CREATE PPP=0 OVER=SYN0 CREATE PPP=1 OVER=ISDN-DVMRP IDLE=ON Configure IP. To enable the IP module, and assign IP addresses to the interfaces, enter the...
  • Page 75 Routing Configure IP. To enable IP on the router, and assign IP addresses to the interfaces used by DVMRP for multicast routing, enter the commands: ENABLE IP ADD IP INTERFACE=PPP0 IPADDRESS=189.124.7.8 MASK=255.255.0.0 ADD IP INTERFACE=ETH0 IPADDRESS=172.74.1.2 MASK=255.255.255.0 ADD IP INTERFACE=ETH1 IPADDRESS=172.74.2.2 MASK=255.255.255.0 Configure IGMP.
  • Page 76 AR400 Series Router User Guide Configure PPP. To configure a PPP interface over the ISDN interface, enter the command: CREATE PPP=0 OVER=ISDN-DVMRP IDLE=ON Configure IP. To enable the IP module, and assign IP addresses to the interfaces, enter the commands: ENABLE IP ADD IP INTERFACE=FR0 IPADDRESS=202.96.152.12...

  • Page 77: Configuring Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (Dhcp)

    SHOW DVMRP SHOW IP IGMP SHOW IP ROUTE MULTICAST For more information on how to configure IP Multicasting, including PIM-SM and PIM-DM, see the IP Multicasting chapter in the AR400 Series Router Software Reference. Configuring Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) The Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) provides a method for passing configuration information to hosts on a TCP/IP network.

  • Page 78: Configuring Dhcp

    AR400 Series Router User Guide the manual allocation mechanism, where a host’s IP address is assigned by the network administrator, and DHCP is used simply to convey the assigned address to the host. A particular network will use one or more of these mechanisms, depending on the policies of the network administrator.

  • Page 79: Configuring A Novell Ipx Network

    ADD DHCP RANGE=office POLICY=prnt IP=192.168.1.31 ADDRESS=00-00-0c-00-28-73 For more information on how to configure DHCP, see the Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) chapter in the AR400 Series Router Software Reference. Configuring a Novell IPX Network The router’s implementation of the Novell IPX protocol uses the term circuit to refer to a logical connection over an interface, similar to an X.25 permanent...

  • Page 80: Configuring Ipx

    Connect a terminal to the console port (port 0) on each router as described in the in the AR400 Series Router Quick Install Guide. Alternatively, you can connect a PC to the console port and use a terminal emulation program like Windows™...
  • Page 81 Routing Table 13: Example configuration parameters for an IPX network (Continued). Configuration Parameter Head Office Router Remote Office Router PPP interface ppp0 ppp0 Novell network number for PPP IPX circuit over PPP To configure IPX follow these steps The following steps are required: Configure the PPP link.
  • Page 82 AR400 Series Router User Guide Test the Configuration To examine the route table and service table on each router, enter the commands: SHOW IPX ROUTE SHOW IPX SERVICE The route table will contain paths from each Novell device which advertises routes, for example file servers and routers.

  • Page 83: Configuring Ipx Dial-On-Demand

    Filters ...... none To interpret output from the SHOW IPX CIRCUIT command see the Novell IPX chapter in the AR400 Series Router Software Reference. Configuring IPX Dial-on-Demand This example (Figure 9 on page 84) illustrates how to set up the router to provide a wide area internet based on Novell’s IPX routing protocol with dial-...
  • Page 84 AR400 Series Router User Guide Figure 9: Example configuration for an IPX dial-on-demand network. Head Office Router Remote Office Router Network = 129 PPP Data Link Network = 401 Network = 12 Remote PC Netware File Server UGIPX2_R Figure 10: Example configuration parameters for IPX dial-on-demand.
  • Page 85 Routing Define IPX circuits On the Head Office router define two IPX circuits, one for the Ethernet interface and one for the wide area link. To configure the wide area link as a demand link and enable RIP and SAP change broadcasts, enter the commands: ADD IPX CIRC=1 INT=ETH0 NETW=401 ENCAP=802.3 ADD IPX CIRC=2 INT=PPP0 NETW=129 DEMAND=ON...

  • Page 86: Appletalk

    Hint Node ID ..... 179 Hint Network ..... 22 Default Zone ..... - Zone List is Empty ------------------------------------ To interpret output from the SHOW APPLE PORT command see the AppleTalk chapter in the AR400 Series Router Software Reference. Software Release 2.5.1 C613-02021-00 REV C...

  • Page 87: Routing Information Protocol (Rip)

    ******** ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- To interpret output from the SHOW IP RIP command see the Internet Protocol (IP) chapter in the AR400 Series Router Software Reference. Resource Reservation Protocol (RSVP) The Resource Reservation Protocol (RSVP) is a signalling protocol designed to reserve bandwidth for realtime transmission. RSVP is not a traffic delivery protocol or a routing protocol.

  • Page 88: Ospf

    None ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ To interpret output from the SHOW RSVP INTERFACE command see the Resource Reservation Protocol (RSVP) chapter in the AR400 Series Router Software Reference. OSPF Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) is an Internal Gateway Routing Protocol, based on Shortest Path First (SPF) or link-state technology. OSPF is a routing protocol that determines the best path for routing IP traffic over a TCP/IP network.
  • Page 89 Routing Figure 14: .A basic OSPF network with an addressless PPP link. Router 2 Router 1 172.31.2.2 172.31.2.1 Point-to-Point link 172.31.1.1 172.31.108.10 Area 1 UGOSPF1_R To configure a basic OSPF network follow these steps The following steps are required: Configure the PPP and Ethernet interfaces on router 1. Configure router 1 as an OSPF router.
  • Page 90 ADD OSPF RANGE=172.31.0.0 AREA=0.0.0.1 MASK=255.255.0.0 ADD OSPF INTERFACE=ETH0 AREA=0.0.0.1 PASSWORD=csecret ADD OSPF INTERFACE=PPP0 AREA=0.0.0.1 PASSWORD=bsecret For more information about configuring OSPF, see the Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) chapter in the AR400 Series Router Software Reference. Software Release 2.5.1 C613-02021-00 REV C...

  • Page 91: Chapter 6 Maintenance And Troubleshooting

    Maintenance and Troubleshooting Chapter 6 Maintenance and Troubleshooting This Chapter If you are familiar with networking and router operations, you may be able to diagnose and solve some problems yourself. This chapter gives tips on how to: start your router (see “How the Router Starts Up” on page 92). avoid problems (see “How to Avoid Problems”...

  • Page 92: How The Router Starts Up

    AR400 Series Router User Guide How the Router Starts Up The sequence of operations that the router performs when it boots are: Perform startup self tests. Perform the install override option. Load the EPROM release as the INSTALL boot. Inspect and check INSTALL information.

  • Page 93: How To Avoid Problems

    Maintenance and Troubleshooting When you start the router the EPROM release is always loaded first. The EPROM release contains all the code required to obtain and check the INSTALL information. This first boot is known as the INSTALL boot. The INSTALL information is inspected and the router is setup to perform another load.

  • Page 94: Configure Firewall

    Set the Logging Facility to log and forward the log messages you need to monitor your network (see the Logging Facility chapter in the AR400 Series Router Software Reference). Inspect the log file from time to time, and if difficulties arise.

  • Page 95: What To Do If You Clear Flash Memory Completely

    Maintenance and Troubleshooting What to do if you clear FLASH memory completely DO NOT clear the FLASH memory completely. The software release files are stored in FLASH, and clearing it would leave no software to run the router. If you accidentally do this, you will need to: Boot with default configuration.

  • Page 96: What To Do If Isdn Fails To Connect

    AR400 Series Router User Guide What to do if ISDN Fails to Connect Make sure the system territory is set to the country or region in which your router is located. This is important because different countries use variations on the ISDN protocols, and the system territory setting on the router ensures that the router behaviour is compatible with the ISDN network.

  • Page 97: What To Do If Passwords Are Lost

    SHOW DEBUG Depending on the problem, the support personnel may also ask you for the output from the following commands (see the Monitoring and Fault Diagnosis section in the Operations chapter, AR400 Series Router Software Reference): SHOW EXCEPTION SHOW STARTUP...

  • Page 98: Resetting Router Defaults

    AR400 Series Router User Guide Resetting Router Defaults To restart the router at any time with no configuration, enter the command: RESTART ROUTER CONFIG=NONE has changed, to set it back to the default configuration by saving boot.cfg the default dynamic configuration to the file, enter the command: boot.cfg...

  • Page 99: Troubleshooting Ip Configurations

    The display should look like that shown in Figure 16 on page 99. For more information on how to check the PPP link see “Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP)” on page 5-1 in the Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) chapter, AR400 Series Router Software Reference.

  • Page 100: Troubleshooting Dhcp Ip Addresses

    AR400 Series Router User Guide Contact your authorised distributor or reseller for assistance If the route still does not appear, contact your authorised distributor or reseller for assistance. Telnet Fails If Telnet to router fails Check that the IP address you used matches the one assigned to the router.

  • Page 101: Troubleshooting Ipx Configurations

    OPENED ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- To interpret output from the SHOW PPP command see the Point-to Point (PPP) chapter in the AR400 Series Router Software Reference. Check IPX circuit configuration To check that the IPX circuits are correctly configured on each router repeat...
  • Page 102 1 (ppp0) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- To interpret output from the SHOW IPX SEVICES command see the Novell IPX chapter in the AR400 Series Router Software Reference. Check route tables To check the route tables on both routers, enter the command: SHOW IPX ROUTE Check for the presence of networks on the remote side of the wide area network.

  • Page 103: Using Trace Route For Ip Traffic

    SHOW TRACE To halt a trace route that is in progress, enter the command: STOP TRACE For more information about trace route, see the Internet Protocol (IP) chapter in the AR400 Series Router Software Reference. Software Release 2.5.1 C613-02021-00 REV C...

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