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Phosphorus
Phosphorus (P) has an important role in many fundamental biochemical and physiological processes.
Plants take up phosphorus in the form of phosphate ion (PO
PRESENT IN
ACTION
SHORTAGE EFFECTS
EXCESS EFFECT
Potassium
Potassium (K) is essential in proteic synthesis. The problem of lack of potassium is quite frequent in
calcareous soils.
Potassium is absorbed as K
PRESENT IN
ACTION
SHORTAGE EFFECTS
EXCESS EFFECT
20
DNA and RNA, ATP, ADP
• stimulates the roots growth
• stimulates blooming
• stimulates fecundation and ripeness
• strengthens the plant tissues
• is necessary in the formation of seeds
• delayed ripening
• slower growth
• small leaves
• decrease of production (smaller fruits and difficult seeds formation)
• reduction of root system
• premature ripening
• excess of fruit-setting
• negative effects on the absorption of some microelements such as iron,
zinc, boron and copper
+
.
tissues responsible for the growth of plants (primary and secondary
meristems), embryos and cell vacuole
• improves the quality of fruits and flowers
• gives more resistance both to frost and to diseases caused by fungi
(increases the cuticular thickness)
• regulates the cellular turgidity (helps to regulate the osmotic processes
and increases the resistance to dryness)
• regulates the stomatic opening and closing (it means a strong influence
on transpiration and photosynthesis)
• slower growth
• smaller fruits, less colored and less preserved
• increase of transpiration
• less resistance to the cold
• reduced absorption of calcium and magnesium
• increase of water consumption
• increase of the substrate salinity
3-
).
4
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