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Isco 4700 Refrigerated Sampler
Appendix B General Safety Procedures
Gas
Chemical
Common
Formula
Properties
Nitrogen
NO
Colorless
Oxides
N
O
Colorless,
2
sweet odor.
NO
Reddish-brown.
2
Irritating odor.
Deadly poison
Oxygen
O
Colorless, odorless, taste-
2
less. Supports combus-
tion.
Ozone
O
Irritant and poisonous.
3
Strong electrical odor.
Strong oxidizer. Colorless.
At 1 ppm, strong sulfur-like
odor.
Sludge
—***
Mostly a simple asphyx-
Gas
iant. May be practically
odorless, tasteless.
Sulfur
SO
Colorless, pungent odor.
2
Dioxide
Suffocating, corrosive, poi-
sonous, non-flammable.
Toluene
C
H
Colorless, benzene-like
5
12
to
odor.
C
H
9
20
Turpentine
C
H
Colorless, Characteristic
10
16
odor.
Xylene
C
H
Colorless, flammable
8
10
* Percentages shown represent volume of gas in air.
** For concentration over 0.3%.
***Mostly methane and carbon dioxide with small amounts of hydrogen, nitrogen, hydrogen sulfide, and oxygen; occasionally traces of carbon monoxide.
B-8
Table B-1 Hazardous Gases (Continued)
Specific
Physiological
Gravity or
Effect*
Vapor
Density
Exposure
Air = 1
1.04
60 to 150 ppm cause irritation
and coughing.
1.53
Asphyxiant.
1.58
100 ppm dangerous.
200 ppm fatal.
1.11
Normal air contains 20.8% of
O
. Man can tolerate down to
2
12%. Minimum safe 8 hour
exposure, 14 to 16%. Below
10%, dangerous to life. Below
5 to 7% probably fatal.
1.66
Max. naturally occurring
level is 0.04 ppm. 0.05 ppm
causes irritation of eyes and
nose. 1 to 10 ppm causes
headache, nausea; can
cause coma. Symptoms sim-
ilar to radiation damage.
Variable
Will not support life.
vary widely with composi-
2.26
Inflammation of the eyes. 400
to 500 ppm immediately fatal.
3.14
At 200-500 ppm, headache,
nausea, bad taste, lassitude.
4.84
Eye irritation. Headache, diz-
ziness, nausea, irritation of
the kidneys.
3.66
Narcotic in high concentra-
tions. less toxic than ben-
zene.
Max
Max.
Explosive
Likely
Safe
Safe
Range
Location
60 Min.
8 Hour
(% by vol.
of
Exposure
in air.)
Highest
ppm
ppm
Limits
Concentration
lower/upper
50
10
—
Near bottom
—
—
—
—
Variable at dif-
—
ferent levels.
0.08
0.04
—
Near bottom
—
No data. Would
5.3
Near top of
19.3
structure
tion.
50
10
—
At bottom, can
to
—
combine with
100
water to form
sulfurous acid.
200
100
1.27
At bottom
7.0
—
100
At bottom.
—
100
1.1
At bottom
7.0
Most
Simplest and
Common
Cheapest
Sources
Safe Method
of Testing
Industrial wastes.
NO
detector tube
2
Common air pollut-
ant.
Oxygen depletion
Oxygen deficiency
from poor ventilation
indicator
and absorption, or
chemical consump-
tion of oxygen.
Where ozone is used
Detectable odor
for disinfection
at 0.015 ppm
From digestion of
See components
sludge
Industrial waste,
Detectable taste and
combustion, com-
odor at low concen-
mon air pollutant.
tration
Solvent
Combustible gas
indicator
Solvent, used in
1. Detectable
odor
paint
at low
concentrations.
2.Combustible
gas indicator.
Solvent
Combustible gas
indicator
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