Olivetti d-Color MF550 Theory Of Operation
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Olivetti d-Color MF550 Theory Of Operation

Olivetti d-Color MF550 Theory Of Operation

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Color Printer
d-Color MF550 d-Color MF450
THEORY OF OPERATION
Code Y107522-3

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Summary of Contents for Olivetti d-Color MF550

  • Page 1 Color Printer d-Color MF550 d-Color MF450 THEORY OF OPERATION Code Y107522-3...
  • Page 2 PUBLICATION ISSUED BY: Olivetti S.p.A. 77, Via Jervis - 10015 Ivrea (TO) Italy Copyright © 2008, Olivetti All rights reserved...

  • Page 3: Revision History

    Revision history After publication of this service manual, the parts and mechanism may be subject to change for improvement of their performance. Therefore, the descriptions given in this service manual may not coincide with the actual machine. When any change has been made to the descriptions in the service manual, a revised version will be issued with a revision mark added as required.

  • Page 4: Table Of Contents

    Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 CONTENTS d-Color MF550/MF450 Main body Outline System configuration....................1 MF550 ........................1 MF450 ........................3 Product specifications ..................... 5 Section configuration..................... 12 Paper path......................13 MF550 ........................ 13 MF450 .........................14 Image creation process ..................15 Composition/Operation Overall composition....................
  • Page 5 Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 Composition ....................... 38 Drive ........................39 Operation......................40 9.3.1 IU life control ....................40 Photo conductor section ..................42 10.1 Composition ....................... 42 10.2 Drive ........................42 10.3 Operation......................43 10.3.1 PC drum drive mechanism ................. 43 10.3.2 K PC drum phase control................
  • Page 6 Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 14.2.1 1st Image Transfer Section ................. 71 14.2.2 2st Image Transfer Section ................. 72 14.3 Operation ......................72 14.3.1 Transfer belt speed control................72 14.3.2 1st Image Transfer Roller mechanism............73 2nd image transfer roller pressure mechanism........... 78 14.3.3 14.3.4 IDC sensor shutter mechanism..............
  • Page 7 Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 17.3 Operation......................117 17.3.1 Bypass paper take-up control ..............117 17.3.2 Paper empty detection ................117 17.3.3 Bypass paper lifting motion control............118 17.3.4 Paper size detection ................. 119 17.3.5 Bypass unit open/close mechanism ............121 17.3.6 Bypass sub tray open/close detection ............
  • Page 8 Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 21.3.2 Duplex print ....................151 Image stabilization control................... 157 22.1 Overview......................157 22.2 Operation ......................158 22.2.1 IDC registration sensor adjustment control ..........158 22.2.2 Max. density adjustment control ............... 158 22.2.3 LD (laser diode) intensity adjustment control ..........158 22.2.4 Gamma correction control.................

  • Page 9: Theory Of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun

    Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 Blank Page...

  • Page 10: Outline

    Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 1. System configuration Outline System configuration MF550 1/2 System front view [10] [11] [12] [10] [11] A00JT1C301AB Main body Large capacity unit LU-301 Authentication unit: Biometric type Z folding unit ZU-603 AU-101 Finisher FS-517/518 Authentication unit: IC card type Finisher...
  • Page 11 1. System configuration Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 2/2 System rear view [10] [11] A00HT1E001DB Main body Scan accelerator kit SA-501 Stamp unit SP-501 Fax multi line ML-501 Fax kit FK-502 Key counter kit KIT-1 Security kit SC-503 [10] i-Option LK-101*/102*/103...
  • Page 12 Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 1. System configuration MF450 1/2 System front view [12] [13] [14] [11] [10] A00KT1C203AB [17] [18] [17] [18] [15] [16] A00KT1C204AA [1] Main body [10] Output tray (for FS-519) OT-602 [2] Authentication unit: Biometric type AU-101 [11] Punch kit PK-510 [3] Authentication unit: IC card type...
  • Page 13 1. System configuration Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 2/2 System rear view [10] [11] A00HT1E001DB Main body Scan accelerator kit SA-501 Stamp unit SP-501 Fax multi line ML-501 Fax kit FK-502 Key counter kit KIT-1 Security kit SC-503 [10] i-Option LK-101*/102*/103...

  • Page 14: Product Specifications

    Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 2. Product specifications Product specifications A. Type Type Combination scanner and printer console type Copying system Electrostatic dry-powdered image transfer to plain paper Printing process Laser electrostatic printing system PC drum type OPC drum: KM-12 (OPC with high mold releasability) Scanning density 600 dpi Exposure lamp...
  • Page 15 2. Product specifications Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 B. Functions Types of original Sheets, books, and three-dimensional objects Max. original size A3 or 11 x 17 Max. original weight Max. 2 kg Multiple copies 1 to 9999 Warm-up time When the sub power switch is turned ON at any timing while the main power (at ambient tempera- switch remains ON for a predetermined period of time or more...
  • Page 16 Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 2. Product specifications Fixed zoom ratios Full size x1.000 Metric area x0.500, x0.707, x0.816, x0.866 Reduction Inch area x0.500, x0.647, x0.733, x0.785 Metric area x1.154, x1.224, x1.414, x2.000 Enlargement Inch area x1.214, x1.294, x1.545, x2.000 Zoom ratios memory Metric area 3 memories...
  • Page 17 2. Product specifications Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 C. Paper Paper source (maximum tray capacity) Type Multiple Tray 1 Tray 2 Tray 3 Tray 4 bypass Plain paper ❍ ❍ ❍ ❍ ❍ (64 to 90 g/m / 17 (500 sheets) (500 sheets) (150 sheets)
  • Page 18 Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 2. Product specifications *2: Image is not guaranteed when thick paper 3/4 is used. *3: Monochrome print only. *4: Paper to be reliably fed through only for MF450 (127 to 210 g/m (33.75 to 55.75 lb)) Automatic duplex unit : Only the plain paper weighing 64 to 90 g/m (17 to 24 lb) or...
  • Page 19 2. Product specifications Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 E. Machine specifications • MF550/MF450 Voltage: AC 100 V, 120 V, 127 V, 220-240 V Current: 100 V 15 A 110 V 15 A Power requirements 120 V 16 A 127 V 16 A 230 V...
  • Page 20 Windows 2000 (SP3)/XP (incl. 64 bit) systems Client Windows NT4.0 (SP6) Mac OS 9.2 or later/Mac OS X 10.2, 10.3, 10.4 Linux H. Scan functions OLIVETTI scanner driver Driver Compatible operating Windows 2000, Windows XP/XP (incl. 64 bit) systems Scan speed Monochrome: 70 pages/min...

  • Page 21: Section Configuration

    3. Section configuration Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 Section configuration Auto document feed section * Standard MF550/MF450: DF-611 Scanner section (IR section) Fusing section Toner supply section Duplex section Transfer corona section (standard) Imaging unit section Bypass section (IU section) Write section (PH section) Paper feed section (Tray1)

  • Page 22: Paper Path

    Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 4. Paper path Paper path MF550 A00JT1C201AA Y107522-3 Theory of Operation...
  • Page 23 4. Paper path Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 MF450 A00KT1C202AA Theory of Operation Y107522-3...

  • Page 24: Image Creation Process

    Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 5. Image creation process Image creation process [11] Transfer belt cleaning [1] Photoelectric conversion [10] Paper [8] 1st image transfer separation [2] IR image pro- [9] 2nd image cessing transfer [3] Printer image processing [4] PC drum (K) [4] PC drum...
  • Page 25 5. Image creation process Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 • A DC positive voltage is applied to the backside of the paper, thereby 2nd image transfer allowing the visible, developed image on the surface of the transfer belt to be transferred onto the paper. •...

  • Page 26: Composition/Operation

    Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 6. Overall composition Composition/Operation Overall composition Control block diagram Original glass moving motor (M202) Exposure lamp (FL201) Original glass position control Inverter board (INVB) Automatic boar (OGPCB) document feeder (DF-611) CCD board (CCDB) as standard Scaner elay board (REYB/SCAN) Image processing...

  • Page 27: Scanner Section (Ir Section)

    7. Scanner section (IR section) Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 Scanner section (IR section) Composition A00JT2C001AA A00JT2C028AA Original glass moving motor (M202) Glass moving unit Optical cooling fan motor (FM201) Scanner motor (M201) 20 degree sensor (PS202) Original size detection 2 sensor (PS205) Original size detection 1 sensor (PS204)

  • Page 28: Ccd Unit

    Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 7. Scanner section (IR section) 7.1.1 CCD unit Scanning direction CCD sensor 37.3 µm 37.3 µm Main scanning direction 9.325 µm 9.325 µm 4036ma2602c0 Drive Scanner motor (M201) Scanner drive cable/R Exposure unit Mirror unit Glass moving unit Original glass moving...

  • Page 29: Operation

    7. Scanner section (IR section) Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 Operation 7.3.1 Scan and exposure lamp control A. When the power is ON 1. The exposure unit moves from the scanner standby position to the home position. 2. Exposure unit moves from the home position to the shading position (under the shading correction sheet) and stops (in scanning direction).
  • Page 30 Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 7. Scanner section (IR section) B. When the Start key is pressed (1) Original cover mode 1. Turning the Start key ON will turn the exposure lamp ON (at the standby position) 2. The exposure unit moves in the return direction and stops at the shading position. At the shading position, the gain adjustment is made.
  • Page 31 7. Scanner section (IR section) Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 (2) DF mode • The original fed by the document feeder will be read at the original DF glass for. The Exposure unit will move to the reading position and stops. The document will be read as the paper is transferred.

  • Page 32: Preventing Stain On The Df Original Glass

    Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 7. Scanner section (IR section) 7.3.2 Preventing stain on the DF original glass A. DF original glass movement • The reading lines will occur when DF original glass has stain. Shift mechanism for the DF original glass is provided to avoid this trouble.
  • Page 33 7. Scanner section (IR section) Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 (2) DF original glass cleaning movement performed each time after reading a sheet of original • While reading multiple originals consecutively, the DF original glass moves widely back and forth between each original reading.
  • Page 34 Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 7. Scanner section (IR section) C. DF original glass movement in each mode (1) Normal mode Repeats the normal movement each time after reading a sheet of original Makes the DF original glass cleaning movement after completing a job NOTE This cleaning operation is not performed when the setting is made in the service mode as follows.

  • Page 35: Original Size Detection Control

    7. Scanner section (IR section) Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 7.3.3 Original size detection control A. Detection method • For detection of the original size, the reflective size sensors detect the length of the orig- inal while the CCD detects the width of the original. •...
  • Page 36 Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 7. Scanner section (IR section) Metric area & china areas Table 1 Original CCD width (mm) size detection ~153.0 ~187.0 ~200.0 ~215.0 ~225.0 ~261.5 ~275.0 278.1~ sensor 1 16KS Table 2 Original size detection CCD width (mm) sensor...
  • Page 37 7. Scanner section (IR section) Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 B. Detection timing Validates the original length Validates the original size Original size sensors 1 (PS203), and 2 (PS204) 20 degree sensor (PS202) Exposure lamp (FL201) Original cover/DF open sensor (RS201) A00JT2E511DA Theory of Operation...

  • Page 38: Write Section (Ph Section)

    Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 8. Write section (PH section) Write section (PH section) Composition PH unit A00JT2C005AA A00JT2C030AA Index mirror Index board (INDEXB) Index lens G3 lens Return mirror (light source) Synthetic mirror (Y,C,M) Laser drive board/C (LDDB/C) Laser drive board/M...

  • Page 39: Operation

    8. Write section (PH section) Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 Operation 8.2.1 Outline • The surface of the photo conductor is irradiated with a laser light and an electrostatic latent image is thereby formed. • The PH unit has a single-piece construction. The PH unit has four semiconductor lasers with one laser for each four different color.

  • Page 40: Laser Exposure Process

    Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 8. Write section (PH section) 8.2.2 Laser exposure process A. Operation 1. The K laser light enters the cylindrical lens via the return mirror (light source). The Y, M, and C laser light enter the cylindrical lens via the synthetic mirror and return mirror (light source).

  • Page 41: Laser Emission Timing

    8. Write section (PH section) Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 8.2.3 Laser emission timing • After a print cycle has been started, when the stable rotation signals of PC drum and polygon motor are detected, a laser ON signal is output from the printer control board. •...

  • Page 42: Laser Emission Area

    Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 8. Write section (PH section) 8.2.4 Laser emission area A. Main scanning direction • The print start position in the CD direction is determined by the CD print start signal (/ HSYNC) that is output from the printer control board and the width of the paper. •...

  • Page 43: Color Registration Control (Color Shift Correction) System

    8. Write section (PH section) Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 8.2.5 Color registration control (color shift correction) system • In a tandem engine, each four different color has an independent image reproduction process. Color shift may occur because of variations in part accuracy. The color registra- tion control system automatically detects color shift and correct color shift in the main and sub scanning directions.
  • Page 44 Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 8. Write section (PH section) A. Color shift correction method • Black (K) is used as a standard of reference when other colors, yellow (Y), magenta (M), and cyan (C), are individually corrected. (1) Color shift in the main scanning direction •...

  • Page 45: Color Skew Correction Control

    8. Write section (PH section) Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 8.2.6 Color skew correction control • Temperature may change inside the PH unit and the components can change over time. This may cause color skew problems. To prevent the problems, individual G3 lenses that correspond to Y, M, and C respectively have a color skew auto adjustment mechanism.

  • Page 46: Ph Unit Temperature Detection Control

    Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 8. Write section (PH section) 8.2.7 PH unit temperature detection control • Temperature change inside the PH unit may cause color shift. To prevent the problem, temperature inside the PH unit is measured by the PH thermistor. The color registration control and the color skew control start to operate when the machine detects a certain amount of temperature change between the current temperature and the one measured when the color registration was performed last time.

  • Page 47: Imaging Unit

    9. Imaging unit Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 Imaging unit Composition Imaging unit/K A00JT2C032AA A00JT2C007AA Imaging unit/Y, M, C A00JT2C031AA Developing unit/K Developing unit/Y, M, C Cleaning blade Toner collecting screw Cleaning blade PC drum PC drum Toner collecting screw A00JT2C013DA A00JT2C014DA PC drum charge corona...

  • Page 48: Drive

    Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 9. Imaging unit Drive K PC drum motor (M18) K developing motor (M19) Color PC drum motor (M16) Color developing motor (M17) A00JT2C537DA Y107522-3 Theory of Operation...

  • Page 49: Operation

    9. Imaging unit Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 Operation 9.3.1 IU life control • Each IU has EEPROM board that detects a new IU and keeps track of the service life of the IU. A. New IU detection •...
  • Page 50 Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 9. Imaging unit B. When life is reached • The IU life counter is used to keep track of IU life. • When the life value is reached, a warning message is given on the screen. When a pre- determined number of printed pages are produced after the life value has been reached, the machine inhibits the initiation of a new print cycle with a message prompting the user to replace the IU given on the screen.

  • Page 51: Photo Conductor Section

    10. Photo conductor section Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 10. Photo conductor section 10.1 Composition Charge generating layer Charge transport layer Aluminum cylinder 4036ma2338c0 PC drum A00JT2C033AA 10.2 Drive K PC drum motor (M18) Color PC drum motor(M16) PC drum/K PC drum/C PC drum/Y...

  • Page 52: Operation

    Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 10. Photo conductor section 10.3 Operation 10.3.1 PC drum drive mechanism • Two independent PC drum motors (for color and monochrome) are used for the drive mechanism to suppress incorrect color registration and uneven pitch. •...

  • Page 53: K Pc Drum Phase Control

    10. Photo conductor section Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 10.3.2 K PC drum phase control • The K PC drum drive gear has a diameter larger than that of the color PC drum drive gears to enable the high-speed monochrome printing. •...

  • Page 54: Pc Drum Small Amount Rotation Control

    Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 10. Photo conductor section 10.3.3 PC drum small amount rotation control • Humidity around the IU can produce a difference in sensitivity among different PC drums. This could lead to drum memory, allowing black bands to occur in the image. In addition, ozone stagnant in areas near the PC drum charge corona reduces sensitivity of the PC drums, causing white bands to occur in the image.

  • Page 55: Charge Corona Section

    11. Charge Corona section Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 11. Charge Corona section Corona wire 4038T2C027AA A00JT2C007AA Grid mesh IU/K IU/Y,M,C PC drum charge PC drum charge corona corona Corona Wire Cleaning Lever A00JT2C019DA A00JT2C018DA Cleaning blade Corona wire A00JT2C013DA A00JT2C014DA Theory of Operation...

  • Page 56: Operation

    Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 11. Charge Corona section 11.1 Operation 11.1.1 PC drum charge corona ON/OFF control • The grid voltage (Vg) applied to the grid mesh is controlled through the image stabiliza- tion control. K PC drum motor (M18) Color PC drum motor (M16) Drum charge corona bias/ Y,M,C...
  • Page 57 11. Charge Corona section Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 A. Operation timing • When the count goes over 2700 during a print job, the cleaning operation starts after the completion of the print job. However, when the remaining number of pages of the job is 50 or more, the job is stopped and the cleaning operation is performed.

  • Page 58: Cleaning/Main Erase Mechanism

    Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 11. Charge Corona section 11.1.3 Cleaning/main erase mechanism A. Main erase lamp/K control • IU/K has a main erase lamp/K located on the upstream side of the cleaning blade to improve cleaning performance. •...
  • Page 59 11. Charge Corona section Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 B. Main erase lamp/Y,M,C control • The main erase lamp/Y, M, C radiation onto the PC drum surface neutralizes potential left on the surface of the PC drum. < IU/Y,M,C > Toner collecting screw Cleaning blade...

  • Page 60: Developing Section

    Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 12. Developing section 12. Developing section 12.1 Composition < K developing unit> Developing roller Doctor blade A00JT2C007AA A00JT2C020DA Supply/agitating/ < Color developing unit > conveying screws Doctor blade Developing roller Supply/agitating/ conveying screws 4037T2C513AA K PC drum motor (M18) K developing motor (M19)

  • Page 61: Drive

    12. Developing section Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 12.2 Drive K PC drum motor (M18) K developing motor (M19) Color PC drum motor (M16) PC drum/K Developing roller Color developing motor (M17) PC drum/Y Supply/agitating/ A00JT2C021DA conveying screws Theory of Operation Y107522-3...

  • Page 62: Operation

    Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 12. Developing section 12.3 Operation 12.3.1 Developing drive control Print request received LD enable (Y/M/C) LD enable (K) 1st image transfer pressure retraction motor (M21) 2nd image transfer pressure retraction motor (M3) Color PC drum motor (M16) K PC drum motor (M18) Color developing motor (M17) K developing motor (M19)

  • Page 63: Developer Flow

    12. Developing section Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 12.3.2 Developer flow A. IU/K 1. Toner supplied from the front end of the Developing Unit is fed to the lower screw. It is then fed to the rear of the unit, while being mixed with developer and electrically charged by the Supply/Agitating/Conveying Screws.
  • Page 64 Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 12. Developing section B. IU/Y,M,C 1. Toner supplied from the front end of the Developing Unit is fed to the lower screw. It is then fed to the rear of the unit, while being mixed with developer and electrically charged by the Supply/Agitating/Conveying Screws.

  • Page 65: Developing Bias

    12. Developing section Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 12.3.3 Developing bias • The developing bias voltage (Vdc) is applied to the developing roller so that an adequate amount of toner is attracted onto the surface of the PC drum. •...

  • Page 66: Hmt (High Grade Micro Toning) Development

    Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 12. Developing section 12.3.4 HMT (high grade micro toning) development • The machine employs the two-component non-contact development system. • With the HMT method, the magnetic developer brush does not rub against the surface of the PC drum (the images).

  • Page 67: Developer Scattering Preventive Mechanism

    12. Developing section Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 12.3.5 Developer Scattering Preventive Mechanism • To prevent the image and the machine interior from being dirtied, the color toner suction fan motor and K toner suction fan motor are incorporated to trap toner particles rising up inside the machine.
  • Page 68 Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 12. Developing section B. IU/K • For IU/K, a black toner filter is installed under the IU and toner particles are trapped by the K toner suction fan motor during development. • As the K suction black toner filter and the IU unit come together as one piece, they are replaced together.

  • Page 69: Tcr Sensor Control

    12. Developing section Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 12.3.6 TCR sensor control • The TCR sensor is mounted on the underside of each of the developing sections. The sensor for C, M, Y and K is a magnetic type. Each of these sensors detects toner-to-car- rier ratio (T/C) of the developer.

  • Page 70: Toner Supply Section

    Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 13. Toner supply section 13. Toner supply section 13.1 Composition Toner cartridge/Y,M,C A00JT2C007AA Toner cartridge/K A00JT2C057AA Toner supply Toner supply Toner supply Toner supply drive section/C drive section/M drive section/K drive section/Y A00JT2C041AA A00JT2C056AA Conveyance screw /K Conveyance screw /Y, M, C...

  • Page 71: Drive

    13. Toner supply section Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 13.2 Drive Toner cartridge motor C/K (M14) Toner cartridge motor Y/M (M13) A00JT2C031DA Theory of Operation Y107522-3...

  • Page 72: Operation

    Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 13. Toner supply section 13.3 Operation 13.3.1 Toner replenishing mechanism/control A. Overview • Toner replenishing mechanism consists of two toner supply steps. One replenishment step is from the toner cartridge to the sub hopper and the other is from the sub hopper to the developing unit.
  • Page 73 13. Toner supply section Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 D. Control of toner replenishment to the sub hopper • Toner is supplied from the toner cartridge to the sub hopper based on the detection of the toner empty sensor. Conveyance screw Toner empty sensor/Y,M,C,K (PZS/C, PZS/M, PZS/Y, PZS/K)
  • Page 74 Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 13. Toner supply section F. Control of toner replenishment to the developing unit • Toner, which has been supplied from the toner cartridge to the sub hopper, is replen- ished to the developing unit by the toner supply motors that independently operate for Y, M, C, and K •...

  • Page 75: Toner Cartridge Life Control

    13. Toner supply section Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 13.3.2 Toner cartridge life control A. Toner cartridge detection/new unit detection timing • Individual cartridge detection is controlled by means of accessing the data of EEPROM board when the front upper door is closed or the power switch is turned ON. •...
  • Page 76 Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 13. Toner supply section B. Toner cartridge empty control • After the toner cartridge empty condition is detected, if the sub hopper toner empty sen- sor continuously detects toner empty 10 times or more, the toner empty warning is dis- played.

  • Page 77: Shutter Mechanism

    13. Toner supply section Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 13.3.4 Shutter mechanism • To prevent toner from being spilled when the toner cartridge is removed from the machine, there is a shutter mechanism provided. When the toner cartridge is installed in the machine, the shutter opens.

  • Page 78: Transfer Corona Section

    Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 14. Transfer Corona section 14. Transfer Corona section 14.1 Composition 14.1.1 1st Image Transfer section A00JT2C045AA A00JT2C020AA 1st Image transfer roller/C 1st Image transfer roller/Y 1st Image transfer roller/M 1st Image transfer roller/K Cleaning brush Transfer belt drive roller A00JT2C036DA...

  • Page 79: 2Nd Image Transfer Section

    14. Transfer Corona section Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 14.1.2 2nd Image Transfer section A00JT2C055AA A00JT2C046AA 2nd Image transfer roller A00JT2C027AA Temperature/humidity sensor A00JT2C050AA (TEM/HUMS) 2nd Image transfer roller Pressure welding alienation sensor (PS50) 2nd image transfer pressure retraction motor (M3) IDC registration sensor/R (IDCS/R)

  • Page 80: Drive

    Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 14. Transfer Corona section 14.2 Drive 14.2.1 1st Image Transfer Section Transfer belt motor (M1) Cleaner motor (M38) Transfer belt A00JT2C042DA 1st Image transfer roller/K 1st Image transfer roller/C 1st Image transfer roller/Y 1st image transfer pressure retraction motor (M21)

  • Page 81: Theory Of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun

    14. Transfer Corona section Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 14.2.2 2st Image Transfer Section 2nd Image transfer roller Pressure welding alienation sensor (PS50) 2nd image transfer pressure retraction motor (M3) IDC registration sensor/R (IDCS/R) Shutter Pressure lever IDC registration sensor/F (IDCS/F) A00JT2C043DA 14.3 Operation 14.3.1...

  • Page 82: St Image Transfer Roller Mechanism

    Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 14. Transfer Corona section 14.3.2 1st Image Transfer Roller mechanism • The machine is provided with a mechanism that presses the 1st Image Transfer Rollers up against the inside of the Transfer Belt during the 1st image transfer stage. The 1st Image Transfer pressure retraction motor provides the drive for this operation.
  • Page 83 14. Transfer Corona section Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 B. Operation timing • The pressure operation starts when a print cycle starts and ends when the print cycle completes. Paper Moves Past 2nd Image transfer roller Start key ON Transfer belt motor (M1) 1st Image transfer pressure retraction motor (M21)
  • Page 84 Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 14. Transfer Corona section C. Pressure position changing mechanism • To extend the service life of the PC Drum/Y, M, C, the pressure position of the 1st Image Transfer Roller is changed between the monochrome mode and the color mode. In the monochrome mode, the 1st Image Transfer Roller/Y, M, C is left in the retracted position and the PC Drum/Y, M, C is stopped.
  • Page 85 14. Transfer Corona section Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 (2) Color mode • The pressure position of the Image Transfer Roller is where the PC Drum is in contact with the Transfer Belt for all four colors of toner. (3) Monochrome mode •...
  • Page 86 Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 14. Transfer Corona section D. Retraction mechanism • In addition to the change of the pressure position of the 1st image transfer roller, the machine moves the color retraction roller or the K retraction roller up and down to change the position of the image transfer on the surface of the transfer belt depending on the print mode of each job.

  • Page 87: Nd Image Transfer Roller Pressure Mechanism

    14. Transfer Corona section Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 14.3.3 2nd image transfer roller pressure mechanism • The 2nd image transfer roller has the pressure/retraction mechanism which presses to and retracts from the transfer belt so the patterns made on the transfer belt except by printing (such as detection pattern during image stabilization) will not affect the 2nd image transfer roller.
  • Page 88 Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 14. Transfer Corona section B. Operation timing • The pressure operation starts when a print cycle starts and ends when the print cycle completes. Paper moves past 2nd Image transfer roller Start key ON Transfer belt motor (M1) 2nd Image transfer pressure retraction motor (M3)

  • Page 89: Idc Sensor Shutter Mechanism

    14. Transfer Corona section Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 14.3.4 IDC sensor shutter mechanism • The IDC sensor can be contaminated with toner since it is located under the transfer belt. There is a shutter mechanism provided for the sensor to prevent it from being contami- nated.

  • Page 90: Atvc (Auto Transfer Voltage Control)

    Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 14. Transfer Corona section 14.3.5 ATVC (Auto transfer voltage control) • To adjust the 2nd image transfer output to the correct voltage, ATVC system is installed. A constant current is output to the 2nd image transfer roller to measure voltage. The measured voltage is corrected to be used for automatic adjustment of the 2nd image transfer output voltage.

  • Page 91: Transfer Belt Cleaning

    14. Transfer Corona section Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 14.3.6 Transfer belt cleaning • To scrape residual toner off the surface of the transfer belt, the transfer belt is provided with a cleaning brush and a charging brush. •...

  • Page 92: Nd Image Transfer Roller Cleaning

    Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 14. Transfer Corona section 14.3.7 2nd image transfer roller cleaning • To remove residual toner off the surface of the 2nd Image transfer roller, a +/- DC bias is applied alternately to the roller, thereby moving the residual toner to the surface of the transfer belt.

  • Page 93: Charge Neutralization And Separation Of Paper

    14. Transfer Corona section Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 14.3.8 Charge neutralization and separation of paper • To neutralize any charge potential left in the paper which has undergone the 2nd image transfer stage, a Charge Neutralizing Cloth is installed to the guide plate after the 2nd Image Transfer Roller.

  • Page 94: Detection Of New Transfer Belt Unit

    Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 14. Transfer Corona section 14.3.9 Detection of new transfer belt unit • When a new transfer belt unit is installed in the machine, the life counter is automatically cleared through new unit detection. •...

  • Page 95: Pressure/Retraction Control During Acs Mode

    14. Transfer Corona section Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 14.3.10 Pressure/retraction control during ACS mode • For monochrome printing in the ACS mode, the pressure/retraction operation of the 1st image transfer roller is controlled according to the number of monochrome originals that continue during multiple copies.
  • Page 96 Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 14. Transfer Corona section • ACS control operates only after the number of multi-copies for monochrome original is counted. “The pressure/retraction control for ACS mode” will not be properly executed with only one sheet of print job, since on the first copy, the control can be performed only for where the original is read and counted.

  • Page 97: Electric Discharge Control Before The 2Nd Image Transfer

    14. Transfer Corona section Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 14.3.11 Electric discharge control before the 2nd image transfer • The small roller and the 2nd image transfer guide are installed under the drive roller to carry paper parallel to the transfer belt. This reduces electric discharge before the 2nd image transfer process and toner scattering when solid images are being printed.

  • Page 98: Toner Collecting Section

    Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 15. Toner collecting section 15. Toner collecting section 15.1 Composition A00JT2C048AA A00JT2C016AA Cleaning brush Transfer belt toner collecting screw Waste toner IU toner collecting screw A00JT2C054DA Agitating screw Y107522-3 Theory of Operation...

  • Page 99: Drive

    15. Toner collecting section Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 15.2 Drive Transfer belt motor (M1) Transfer belt toner collecting screw Cleaning brush Cleaner motor (M38) Toner collecting roller K PC drum motor (M18) Color PC drum motor (M16) Agitating screw Waste toner agitating motor (M20) A00JT2C055DA...

  • Page 100: Operation

    Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 15. Toner collecting section 15.3 Operation 15.3.1 Toner collecting mechanism • Toner collected by the cleaning brush of the transfer belt and waste toner in each of the imaging units are conveyed by the corresponding toner collecting screws to the waste toner box.

  • Page 101: Waste Toner Agitation Control

    15. Toner collecting section Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 15.3.2 Waste toner agitation control • In order to avoid detecting an incorrect waste toner amount, the agitating coil is set in the waste toner box so that waste toner can build up evenly in the box. •...

  • Page 102: Waste Toner Near-Full/Full Detection Control

    Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 15. Toner collecting section 15.3.4 Waste Toner Near-Full/Full detection control A. Waste toner near-full detection control • An optical sensor is used to detect waste toner. When the sensor is blocked for a given period of time, the machine determines that the Waste Toner box is nearly full of waste toner.
  • Page 103 15. Toner collecting section Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 • After the waste toner box has been replaced and the waste toner full sensor has been unblocked for a given period of time, the machine cancels the copying-disabled condi- tion, while at the same time automatically clearing the counter exclusive for the waste toner.

  • Page 104: Paper Feed Section

    Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 16. Paper feed section 16. Paper feed section 16.1 Composition 16.1.1 Tray1, 2 • Tray1 and 2 are same sensor position. A00JT2C277AA A00JT2C202AA Tray1 upper limit sensor (PS6) Tray1 vertical transport sensor (PS4) Tray1 paper feed sensor (PS5) Tray1 near empty sensor (PS3) Tray1 device detection sensor (PS1)

  • Page 105: Tray3

    16. Paper feed section Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 16.1.2 Tray3 Horizontal transport section (upper section) A00JT2C273AA A00JT2C204AA Tray3 paper feed section Tray3 upper limit sensor (PS20) Tray3 paper empty sensor (PS19) Tray3 paper feed sensor (PS21) Tray3 near empty sensor (PS22) A00JT2C300AA Theory of Operation Y107522-3...

  • Page 106: Tray4

    Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 16. Paper feed section 16.1.3 Tray4 A00JT2C276AA A00JT2C205AA Tray4 upper limit sensor (PS25) Tray4 paper empty sensor (PS24) Tray4 near empty sensor (PS27) Tray4 paper feed sensor (PS26) A00JT2C294AA Y107522-3 Theory of Operation...

  • Page 107: Drive

    16. Paper feed section Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 16.2 Drive 16.2.1 Tray1, 2 • Take-up motor drives the tray1 and 2 paper feed rollers. • Each paper feed roller has a clutch that is turned ON when it needs to be driven. Tray1 vertical transport motor (M5) Take-up motor (M22) Tray 1 paper feed clutch (CL1)

  • Page 108: Tray3

    Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 16. Paper feed section 16.2.2 Tray3 Tray3 transport clutch (CL6) Transport motor (M25) Tray3 paper feed clutch (CL5) Tray3 paper feed roller Transport roller Coupling A00JT2C301AA Tray3 lift-up motor (M23) Tray 16.2.3 Tray3 horizontal transport Vertical transport motor (M26) Horizontal transport clutch 2 (CL4) Horizontal transport clutch 1 (CL3)

  • Page 109: Tray4

    16. Paper feed section Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 16.2.4 Tray4 Tray4 paper feed clutch (CL7) Vertical transport motor (M26) Tray4 paper transport roller Transport motor (M25) Tray4 paper feed roller Coupling Tray4 lift-up motor (M24) A00JT2C295AA Tray Tray4 take-up axis Theory of Operation Y107522-3...

  • Page 110: Operation

    Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 16. Paper feed section 16.3 Operation 16.3.1 Tray1, 2 • Tray1 and Tray2 are controlled in the same control procedure. • Paper transport speed from Tray1 and Tray2 is the same as the system speed. A.
  • Page 111 16. Paper feed section Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 B. Paper feed speed reduction control • When paper reaches the tray1 (tray2) paper feed sensor, if the interval between the paper and the preceding paper is short, the take-up motor speed is reduced temporarily to adjust the paper interval to the proper one.
  • Page 112 Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 16. Paper feed section D. Paper supply level • The amount of remaining paper is indicated by the LED on the right side of each tray and by the screen of the control panel. •...
  • Page 113 16. Paper feed section Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 F. Paper size detection control • Paper width/length are detected to determine the paper size from their combination. Metric area Paper size detect board/1 (PSDTB/1) Tray1 CD paper size Tray1 CD paper size Paper size detect board/2 (PSDTB/2) sensor/1 (PS7)
  • Page 114 Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 16. Paper feed section Paper size detect board/1 (PSDTB/1) Paper size detect board/2 (PSDTB/2) Guide A00JT2C313AA Y107522-3 Theory of Operation...
  • Page 115 16. Paper feed section Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 G. Tray lifting motion control (1) When tray is slid in • When the upper limit sensor is unblocked (OFF) with the tray being closed, lift-up motor will rotate to start lifting up the paper lifting plate. •...

  • Page 116: Tray3, 4

    Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 16. Paper feed section 16.3.2 Tray3, 4 A. Paper Feed control (1) Tray3 • When the interval between the paper and the preceding paper both fed from the tray3 is short, the tray3 transport clutch is stopped to adjust the paper interval to the proper one. •...
  • Page 117 16. Paper feed section Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 (2) Tray4 • When paper reaches the intermediate roller, if the interval between the paper and the preceding paper is short, the vertical transport motor is stopped to adjust the paper inter- val to the proper one.
  • Page 118 Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 16. Paper feed section B. Display of paper supply level • The amount of remaining paper is indicated by the LED on the right side of each tray and by the screen of the control panel. •...
  • Page 119 16. Paper feed section Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 D. Paper near-empty/paper empty detection • Paper near empty is detected by the tray3 (tray4) near empty sensor (blocking). • Paper empty is detected by the tray3 (tray4) paper empty sensor (tray3: unblocking, tray4: blocking).
  • Page 120 Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 16. Paper feed section E. Tray lifting motion control (1) Tray lifting motion • The tray is hung with the wire connected to the front and the back. • The wire is winded by the rotation of the lift-up motor, which lifts up the tray. •...
  • Page 121 16. Paper feed section Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 (3) During a print cycle • When the amount of paper decreases as the machine continues printing, a tray will grad- ually go down making the upper limit sensor of tray3 unblocked or that of the tray4 blocked.
  • Page 122 Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 16. Paper feed section F. Paper size detection • Tray3 and 4 don’t have paper size detection function. • To set a different paper size, press keys as follows. Service mode System setting 2 LCC size setting •...
  • Page 123 16. Paper feed section Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 G. Dehumidification heater control • Tray3 and 4 come equipped with the dehumidification heater. • Power switch of the dehumidification heater locates the bottom of the back of the main body.

  • Page 124: Bypass Section

    Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 17. Bypass section 17. Bypass section 17.1 Composition Paper side plate A00JT2C274AA Bypass Tray A00JT2C206AA Bypass paper width detection resistor (VR) Bypass paper empty Bypass sub tray set sensor (PS34) sensor (PS37) Bypass paper feed roller Bypass tray separator roller...

  • Page 125: Drive

    17. Bypass section Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 17.2 Drive Bypass tray up down motor (M28) Bypass paper lower sensor (PS36) Bypass paper limit sensor (PS35) Paper lifting plate Bypass paper feed motor (M27) Bypass paper feed motor (M27) Bypass tray separator roller Bypass paper feed roller A00JT2C283AA...

  • Page 126: Theory Of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun

    Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 17. Bypass section 17.3 Operation 17.3.1 Bypass paper take-up control • Bypass paper feed starts after the bypass tray up down motor lifts up paper to the take- up position. • Paper is fed with the bypass paper feed motor. •...

  • Page 127: Bypass Paper Lifting Motion Control

    17. Bypass section Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 17.3.3 Bypass paper lifting motion control A. Move to paper feeding position • When the bypass paper feeding starts, the bypass tray up down motor makes a normal rotation to move the paper lifting plate up to the paper feeding position. When the paper lifting plate is moved up, the bypass paper limit sensor turns ON to stops the bypass tray motor at the feeding position.

  • Page 128: Paper Size Detection

    Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 17. Bypass section 17.3.4 Paper size detection • The size of the paper is detected by the combination of ON or OFF positions of three multi FD size sensors and the bypass paper width detection resistor. •...
  • Page 129 17. Bypass section Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 Inch area Bypass paper width detection Multi FD size Multi FD size Multi FD size resistor Paper detection size sensor/1 sensor/2 sensor/3 Width (mm) 80 to less than 115 115 to 144 inclusive 201 to 231 inclusive ×...

  • Page 130: Bypass Unit Open/Close Mechanism

    Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 17. Bypass section 17.3.5 Bypass unit open/close mechanism • The bypass unit open/close function has been installed to enable easier access to the jam controller and the tray1 paper feed part. Bypass unit A00JT2C265AA Tray1 paper feed part Lock tab...

  • Page 131: Timing Roller Section

    18. Timing roller section Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 18. Timing roller section 18.1 Composition 2st image transfer roller A00JT2C272AA Timing roller A00JT2C207AA • Drive Timing roller Registration motor (M2) (broken line) A00JT2C308AA Theory of Operation Y107522-3...

  • Page 132: Operation

    Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 18. Timing roller section 18.2 Operation 18.2.1 Timing roller control • The paper will create a loop between the tray 1 vertical transport roller (or ADU transport roller 4) and the when the paper is being conveyed in order to correct the regist motor skew.

  • Page 133: Ohp Detection

    18. Timing roller section Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 18.2.2 OHP detection • OHP detection sensor checks to prevent printing on the paper other than OHP. • OHP detection will be performed after paper made the loop at the timing roller. When the OHP detection shows the different result from the setting on the operation panel, printing will stop to display “Error.”...

  • Page 134: Speed Control

    Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 18. Timing roller section 18.2.3 Speed control • It controls the timing the paper reaches to the timing roller sensor. A. Operation • The tray1 vertical transport roller, the tray2 vertical transport roller and the intermediate roller may speed up, slow down or stop temporarily during paper transportation in order to adjust the paper interval.

  • Page 135: Fusing Section

    19. Fusing section Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 19. Fusing section 19.1 Composition IH coil unit A00JT2C271AA Fusing unit A00JT2C208AA Fusing pressure roller Fusing unit (Periodically thermistor (TH4) replaced parts) Soaking roller thermistor/1 (TH5) Soaking roller thermistor/2 (TH6) IH coil unit Separator finger Soaking roller thermostat (TS2)
  • Page 136 Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 19. Fusing section (1) Configuration of the temperature detector element of fusing unit NC sensor (TEMS) Heating roller thermistor/1 (TH1) Heating roller thermostat (TS1) Heating roller thermistor/2 (TH2) < Heating roller > Heating roller thermistor/3 (TH3) Fusing pressure roller thermistor (TH4) <...

  • Page 137: Drive

    19. Fusing section Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 19.2 Drive Fusing pressure retraction motor (M29) Fusing retraction position sensor (PS59) Fusing pressure roller Pressure home sensor (PS55) Fusing motor (M30) Front side A00JT2C299AA Fusing pressure roller Theory of Operation Y107522-3...

  • Page 138: Operation

    Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 19. Fusing section 19.3 Operation 19.3.1 Heating roller structure • The inside surface of the heating roller is formed with Ni layer. • Ni layer of the heating roller is the nonmagnetic conducting layer in which eddy current is generated with magnetic flux.
  • Page 139 19. Fusing section Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 MF550/MF450 Demagnetization coil ON conditions Heating roller end temperature (Degrees centigrade) CD length (mm) 1st demagnetization coil 200 degrees centigrade 265 or more or more 200 degrees centigrade 265 to 240 or more 200 degrees centigrade 240 to 190...

  • Page 140: Fusing Roller Drive Control

    Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 19. Fusing section 19.3.3 Fusing roller drive control A. Fusing pressure roller rotating speed control • In order to avoid fusing error, the rotation speed of the fusing belt is exchanged according to the paper type or the print mode •...

  • Page 141: Fusing Loop Control

    19. Fusing section Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 19.3.4 Fusing loop control A. Adjustment of the loop amount • By creating a paper loop, the speed difference between the fusing and paper convey- ance at 2nd transfer part will be adjusted. It prevents the double transferred image or brush effect.

  • Page 142: Fusing Pressure Roller Pressure/Retraction Mechanism

    Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 19. Fusing section 19.3.5 Fusing pressure roller pressure/retraction mechanism • To ensure prolonged durability of the heating roller, the heating roller and fusing pressure roller is retracted * from the fusing belt during any time other than a print cycle. (The roller is, however, retracted * during a print cycle using envelopes.) *1: The fusing pressure roller does not completely retract but is slightly pressed to the...

  • Page 143: Fusing Temperature Control

    19. Fusing section Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 19.3.6 Fusing temperature control • The surface temperature of the heating roller and the fusing pressure roller are detected to control the amount of the heat of the IH heater and the fusing pressure roller heater lamp in the soaking roller in order to maintain the appropriate fusing temperature.
  • Page 144 Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 19. Fusing section A. Temperature adjustment control of IH heater • Temperature of the heating roller is controlled within the given range during warm-up, printing and standby. • Temperature of the heating roller is measured with the NC sensor, and the temperature change (up/down) is monitored by comparing the current temperature with the value of one second before.
  • Page 145 19. Fusing section Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 C. Temperature control during stand-by • The fusing temperature in the standby state is prevented from being dropped. • The temperature is controlled by each modes (low temperature, normal, high humidity), within predetermined time from standby control start.
  • Page 146 Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 19. Fusing section D. Temperature control during printing • Temperature is controlled to maintain the optimal fusing status when the temperature is getting down due to the paper type, the printing mode, the small size paper or paper passing, or due to warm-up with cooled fusing unit.
  • Page 147 19. Fusing section Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 (3) MF450 only for Taiwan control temperature Fusing pressure Paper type Heating roller setting Soaking roller roller setting (Same control in monochrome temperature setting temperature temperature and color) (Degree centigrade) (Degree centigrade) (Degree centigrade) Plain paper (Duplex print)
  • Page 148 Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 19. Fusing section E. Fusing temperature control during printing. • Fusing temperature control prevents declining of the image stability as well as reduces curling of the paper, uneven waxing, offset, etc., according to the paper type to be used. •...

  • Page 149: Protection From Abnormally High Temperature

    19. Fusing section Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 19.3.7 Protection from abnormally high temperature • The machine provides protection against abnormally high temperature of the fusing unit in the following three steps. A. < Soft protection > • When the controlled temperature of each roller is detected higher than the predeter- mined value for more than 1 second, the temperature is judged to be abnormally high, and the trouble code appears.
  • Page 150 Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 19. Fusing section C. < Overheat protection > • If the abnormal high temperature of soft protection/hard protection cannot be detected due to thermistor trouble, thermostat blocks the power supply to each heater lamp. •...

  • Page 151: Sensor Disconnection Detection Control

    19. Fusing section Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 19.3.8 Sensor disconnection detection control • If the temperature of the NC sensor/thermistor fails to reach the specified temperature in the given period after the warm-up started, the sensor is judged to have disconnection, and the trouble code will appear.

  • Page 152: Ppm Control

    Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 19. Fusing section 19.3.11 PPM control • PPM (PCM) control is made to secure the paper space and reduce the number of print- ing per minutes so that the center temperature of the heating roller and pressure roller can be reduced, which prevents the edge temperature from going up.
  • Page 153 19. Fusing section Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 Judge- Measurement Corrected Criteria ment time rate Central temperature of the heating roller is lower than setting value by up to 15 degrees centigrade Central temperature of the fusing pressure roller is lower than setting value by over 35 degrees centi- grade Central temperature of the heating roller is lower...

  • Page 154: Paper Exit Section

    Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 20. Paper exit section 20. Paper exit section 20.1 Composition Switchback paper exit section A00JT2C280AA Paper exit section A00JT2C210AA Switchback roller Exhaust sensor (PS39) Paper exit roller/2 A00JT2C309AA Paper exit change gate Paper exit roller/1 Y107522-3 Theory of Operation...

  • Page 155: Drive

    20. Paper exit section Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 20.2 Drive • The exit and switch roller are driven by the exclusive motor. Switchback Motor (M33) Fusing drive motor (M4) Paper exit roller A00JT2C310AA Paper exit roller/2 Theory of Operation Y107522-3...

  • Page 156: Operation

    Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 20. Paper exit section 20.3 Operation 20.3.1 Switchback control • When the fusing is completed on the first side of duplex print, switchback snap is switched down to transport the sheet to the switchback part. When the fusing is com- pleted on the sheet of single print or second side of duplex print, the sheet is transported to the exit section.

  • Page 157: Duplex Section

    21. Duplex section Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 21. Duplex section 21.1 Composition A00JT2C275AA A00JT2C211AA ADU transport sensor/1 (PS47) ADU door sensor (PS49) ADU transport sensor/2 (PS48) A00JT2C291AA Theory of Operation Y107522-3...

  • Page 158: Drive

    Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 21. Duplex section 21.2 Drive 21.2.1 Duplex unit drive ADU transport roller/1 ADU transport motor/1 ADU transport roller/2 (M31) ADU transport roller/3 ADU transport motor/2 (M32) ADU transport roller/4 A00JT2C291AA Y107522-3 Theory of Operation...

  • Page 159: Operation

    21. Duplex section Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 21.3 Operation 21.3.1 Duplex unit transport control • The paper transported to the switchback part stops at the stop position 1 and then the switchback roller turns around to transport the sheet to the duplex unit. •...

  • Page 160: Theory Of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun

    Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 21. Duplex section 21.3.2 Duplex print • Duplex print changes its control method according to the paper length. Paper size Duplex print method Lower limit Upper limit Less than 217 mm Three alternative paper feed 217 mm or more Less than 433 mm Two alternative paper feed...
  • Page 161 21. Duplex section Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 Operation 4 • The image of the first page is printed on the paper re-sup- plied from the duplex section. A00JT2C239AA Operation 5 • Exhaust the first sheet of the paper. •...
  • Page 162 Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 21. Duplex section B. 2 sheets alternate supply Operation 1 • The first sheet of paper is supplied and the image of the second page is printed. A00JT2C236AA Operation 2 • First sheet of the paper is turned around at the switchback part and transported to the duplex part.
  • Page 163 21. Duplex section Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 Operation 5 • Exhaust the first sheet of paper. • At the same time, the image of the sixth page is printed on the third sheet of paper. • The second sheet of the paper stands by at the stop posi- tion 3 until the paper pitch for third sheet is assured.
  • Page 164 Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 21. Duplex section C. 3 sheets alternate supply Operation 1 • The first sheet of paper is supplied and the image of the second page is printed. A00JT2C236AA Operation 2 • The first sheet of paper is turned around at the switchback and transported to the duplex part.
  • Page 165 21. Duplex section Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 Operation 5 • First sheet of the paper is re-supplied and an image of the first page is printed on, then it is transported to the paper exist part. • At the same time, the second sheet of the paper is trans- ported to the stop position 3.

  • Page 166: Image Stabilization Control

    Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 22. Image stabilization control 22. Image stabilization control 22.1 Overview • The machine provides the following image stabilization control to ensure stabilized copy image. Purpose Control Control means • IDC registration sensor adjust- ment control •...

  • Page 167: Operation

    22. Image stabilization control Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 22.2 Operation 22.2.1 IDC registration sensor adjustment control • Controls changes in characteristics due to change with time and contamination of the transfer belt and IDC registration sensor, part-to-part variations in the sensors, and change of environment.

  • Page 168: Operation Sequence

    Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 22. Image stabilization control 22.3 Operation sequence Sequence Mode 1 Mode 2 Mode 3 Mode 4 Mode 5 IDC registration IDC registration IDC registration sensor adjust- sensor adjust- Registration Registration sensor adjust- ment ment ment Dmax density...

  • Page 169: Operation Timing

    22. Image stabilization control Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 22.4 Operation timing A. Image stabilization when not printing Mode Operation condition • A new transfer belt is detected • IU units are removed and installed. • A new IU is detected (Image stabilization sequence is executed only for a new IU that Mode 1 has been installed) •...
  • Page 170 Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 22. Image stabilization control B. Image stabilization during printing Mode Operation condition Operation timing • Temperature change inside the machine is detected. (The machine detects absolute humidity that reaches the threshold temperature change for the first time since •...

  • Page 171: Theory Of Operation

    22. Image stabilization control Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 C. Basic image stabilization operation flow Make a check for each print signal Is there a change in print conditions? Does the count of the pages reach the predetermined count? Is there a PH temperature...
  • Page 172 Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 22. Image stabilization control D. Image stabilization execution flow based on a count while a print cycle is pro- gressing A print job is being processed Does the count of the pages reach the predetermined count? Is there a...

  • Page 173: Image Processing

    23. Image processing Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 23. Image processing 23.1 Scanner section image processing block diagram 1. Photoelectric conversion CCD sensor board 2. Analog-to-digital conversion Image processing board 3. Shading correction 4. Line-to-line variation correction/color aberration correction To the MFP board •...

  • Page 174: Write Section Image Processing Block Diagram

    Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 23. Image processing 23.2 Write section image processing block diagram From scanner section MFP board 1. Resolution conversion processing in the main scanning direction/ movement processing 2. Resolution conversion processing in the sub scanning direction 3.
  • Page 175 23. Image processing Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 • The following detail the image processing operations performed by MFP board on the Write section. 1. FIFO memory is used to enlarge or reduce images in the main scanning direction. The image is enlarged by increasing the number of data readings and reduced by decreasing the number of data readings.
  • Page 176 Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 23. Image processing 20. When copying in a photo mode or making PC print, the R, G, and B data is con- verted to the Y, M, C, and K density data. Also, the masking processing, which compensates for the deviation in the spectral reflection characteristics of the toner, and UCR/BP processing are performed on the image data.

  • Page 177: Other Control

    24. Other control Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 24. Other control 24.1 Fan control 24.1.1 Construction Optical cooling fan motor (FM201) Rear side cooling fan motor (FM16) K toner suction fan motor (FM8) MFP control board cooling fan motor (FM17) Color toner suction fan motor (FM7) Fusing cooling fan motor/1 (FM2)

  • Page 178: Operation

    Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 24. Other control 24.1.2 Operation A. Function Motor name Control conditions • Paper will be sucked between transfer part and fusing part, so it will have a stable behavior and go smoothly into the fusing roller. Suction fan motor (FM1) The air inside will be exhausted outside the unit.
  • Page 179 24. Other control Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 Motor name Control conditions Exit cooling fan motor/1, / • In order to avoid toner attachment while the exit plate kit is used, outside 2, /3 (FM101, FM102, air is applied to the paper to cool it. FM103) •...
  • Page 180 Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 24. Other control Motor name Control Control conditions (outline) • Plug-in/sub-power switch OFF Stop • In sleep • When updating the firmware • In standby, low power Ozone ventilation fan • At paper-jam, in trouble, or when the door is open Half speed motor (FM6) •...
  • Page 181 24. Other control Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 Motor name Control Control conditions (outline) • Plug-in/sub-power switch OFF • In low-power or sleep • When updating the firmware Stop IH cooling fan motor/2 • At paper-jam, in trouble, or when the door is open (FM11) •...
  • Page 182 Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 24. Other control Motor name Control Control conditions (outline) • Plug-in/sub-power switch OFF • In low-power or sleep • When updating the firmware Stop • At paper-jam, in trouble, or when the door is open •...

  • Page 183: Counter Control

    24. Other control Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 24.2 Counter control 24.2.1 Construction Printer control board Slide Interface board Total counter (PRCB) (REYB/SL) Key counter (option) MFP board (MFPB) Electronic counter A00JT2C257AA Name Function/system • Displays the cumulative number of copies and prints of all jobs. Total counter •...

  • Page 184: Power Supply Unit

    Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 24. Other control 24.3 Power supply unit A. MF550/MF450 • The main body uses a single outlet. Power supply A00HT2C305AA Y107522-3 Theory of Operation...

  • Page 185: Parts Operated When The Main Power Switch And Sub Power Switch Are Turned On

    24. Other control Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 24.4 Parts operated when the main power switch and sub power switch are turned ON 24.4.1 Parts operated when the main power switch and sub power switch are turned ON •...

  • Page 186: Authentication Unit (Biometric Type) (Au-101)

    Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 24. Other control 24.5 Authentication unit (Biometric type) (AU-101) • A finger vein pattern is used for personal identification. • Vein patterns are inside the body and cannot be visually recognized. This makes vein patterns extremely difficult to forge or falsify.
  • Page 187 24. Other control Theory of Operation Ver. 8.0 Jun. 2008 Blank Page Theory of Operation Y107522-3...
  • Page 188 UPDATING STATUS DATE UPDATED PAGES PAGES CODE 10/2008 EDITION Y107522-3...

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D-color mf450

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