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14
SINUS motorglider
Limitations
REV. 0
Introduction
This chapter provides information about operational restrictions, instrument markings and basic
knowledge on safe operation of aircraft, engine and on-board appliances.
Operational velocities
Speed limits
Vmax
VNE
VRA
VA
VFE
VAE
Airspeed indicator markings
MARKING
white arc
green arc
yellow arc
red line
blue line
Indicated airspeed (IAS) to true airspeed (TAS) relation
Airspeed indicator measures the difference between total and static pressure (also called dynamic pressure),
which does not only change as speed increases, but is also linked with altitude. Flying at high altitudes, where
the air is getting thinner, results in misinterpreting airspeed which is being indicated. The indicated airspeed
value is actually lower than the true airspeed to which the aircraft is exposed. The higher you fly, the bigger the
Velocity
Maximum permitted
horizontal speed
Velocity never to be
exceeded
Maximum safe velocity
in rough air
Manoeuvering velocity
Max. velocity flaps
extended
Max. velocity of
airbrake extention
[km/h (kts)]
63 - 130
(34 - 70)
66 - 141
(36 - 76)
141 - 220
(76 - 119)
220 - 225
(119 -122)
115
(62)
TAS
[km/h (kts)]
Never exceed this speed in horizontal flight.
220
(119)
When flying close to the Vmax never use more
than one third of controls' deflecions.
Never exceed this speed. Should the VNE be
exceeded, land as soon as possible and have the
225
(122)
aircraft verified for airworthiness by authorised
service personnel.
Exceed this speed in calm air only and even then
141
(76)
with great caution.
Do not use rough or full stick and
141
(76)
rudder deflecions above this speed.
Do not exceed this speed with flaps
130
(70)
extended.
Do not extend spoilers above this
160
(86)
speed.
Speed range where flaps may be extended. Lower end is defined
as 110% of VS (stall speed in landing configuration at MTOM), up-
per end of speed range is limited by VFE (see above).
Speed range of normal operation. Lower end is defined as 110% of
VS1 (stall speed at MTOM with flaps in neutral position), upper end
is limited by VRA (see above).
Manouvre the aircraft with great caution in calm air only.
Maximum speed allowed.
Best climb rate speed (V
Y
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Remarks
Definition
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