Bank Mode; Program Number Display - Kurzweil PC88 Musician's Manual

Bank Mode

Bank Mode determines if bank numbers will be sent over MIDI when the Setup is selected, and
in what format.
None means no bank number is sent, just the program number. Ctl 0 means that the bank number
is sent as a MIDI Controller #0 message. Ctl 32 means it is sent as MIDI Controller #32. Ctl 0/32
means it is sent as a dual-controller (two-byte) message, with the MSB of the bank number sent as
Controller #0 and the LSB as Controller #32. Single-byte Bank Select messages (either 0 or 32) allow
you to specify banks numbered 0-127. Two-byte messages allow you to specify banks numbered 0-
16,383. With 128 programs per bank, this allows you to access 2,097,152 different programs on one
instrument. Have a good time, and call us when youÕre done.
Seriously, if all this seems bizarre to you, youÕre not alone. The MIDI SpeciÞcation is a little
ambiguous when it comes to Bank Select messages, as to whether they should be only
Controller 0, only Controller 32, or both Controllers sent as a pair. Different manufacturers
design their instruments to respond to different schemes, and if you send Bank Select in a form
an instrument doesnÕt like, it may ignore it or interpret it wrong. This PC88 parameter is
designed to allow the greatest ßexibility in addressing other MIDI instruments. Usually you
can look on the MIDI Implementation chart in the userÕs manual of an instrument to determine
how it likes to receive Bank Select messages, and then set this parameter for each Zone to suit
the instrument that is receiving data from it. The default setting, which will work with the
largest number of other instruments, is Ctl 0/32 .
There are two other options, which will be of special interest to owners of other Kurzweil
instruments. Setting Bank mode to K2000 takes advantage of that instrumentÕs ÒExtendedÓ
mode. The Bank Select message is sent as Controller #32, with a value between 0 and 9
(remember the K2000 only supports 10 banks). The K2000 only supports 99 programs per bank,
so Program Changes 100 or higher are sent as Bank Select 1, followed by the last two digits as a
Program Change. For example, if Program 124 is assigned to the Zone, this will be sent out the
MIDI jack as Bank Select (Controller #32) 1, and then Program Change 24.
K1000 is used with any of the 1200-series keyboards or modules, or any of the 1000-series
instruments that have version 5 software installed. Those instruments pre-date the adoption of
standard Bank Select messages; instead, they use Program Changes 100-109 as Bank Selects. If
you select Bank 5: Program 42 for a PC88 Zone, for example, it will send out Program Change
105 followed by Program Change 42. PC88 program numbers over 99 are not sent.

Program Number Display

PNumDisp is useful because different MIDI instruments and sequencers refer to program
numbers differently Ñ another ambiguity in the MIDI Spec. Some start counting at 0, while
others start at 1. Still others arrange them in groups of 8, with the Þrst digit (or a letter)
denoting the group, and the second digit denoting the number within the group.
This parameter allows you to display the program numbers on the PC88 so that they agree with
the way your receiving instruments display them. It changes nothing in the outgoing MIDI data:
itÕs merely a convenience to you, so that you arenÕt constantly adding or subtracting 1 or doing
base-8 arithmetic to Þgure out how to get to speciÞc sounds on your other synths. Whenever a
program is displayed for this Zone, its number will follow the format you choose here. The
choices are:
•
•
•
•
When using this last format, donÕt get confused with the Internal Voice modeÕs Groups: they
each contain 16 programs, not 8.
Musician's Guide
0-127 for those devices that believe life starts at zero
1-128 for those who start at one
11-88 for instruments that use this scheme (primarily Roland)
A1-H8 for other instruments that like this way of doing things
Zone Parameters
Program
5-5