High-Altitude Operation-Cat, Cummins, Dde S60, M-B; Engine Shutdown-Cat, Cummins, Dde S60, M-B - freightliner Columbia Driver Manual

Engines and Clutches
•
A winterfront may be used to improve cab
heating while idling. At least 25% of the grille
opening should remain open in sectioned
stripes that run perpendicular to the charge air
cooler tube flow direction. This assures even
cooling across each tube and reduces header-
to-tube stress, and possible failure. Winter-
fronts should only be used when the ambient
temperature remains below 10°F (–12°C).
•
During cold weather, the batteries should be
tested more frequently to ensure ample power
for starting. All electrical connections should be
tight and in good condition to prevent losses
through loose or corroded connections.
•
Ethylene-glycol-base antifreeze is recom-
mended. An inhibitor system is included in this
type of antifreeze, and the corrosion protection
is sufficient as long as the recommended con-
centration range of 30 to 67 percent (antifreeze
to water by volume) is employed.
•
If the engine is to be operated in arctic tem-
peratures, consult the nearest Freightliner
dealer or an authorized Detroit Diesel engine
dealer for information regarding availability of
special cold-weather equipment.
Mercedes-Benz
Special precautions must be taken during cold
weather. For service products to use in cold weather,
see Chapter 5 of the MBE4000 Engine Operator's
Manual .
IMPORTANT: At outside temperatures below
–4°F (–20°C), a coolant preheater is recom-
mended.
1.
Periodically check the coolant mixing ratio (con-
centration of antifreeze in the coolant). Add more
if necessary. The coolant mixing ratio should
never rise above 60 percent antifreeze.
2.
Use low-viscosity lubricating oils for adequate
lubrication.
3. At temperatures below 32°F (0°C), do not use
summer-grade (2-D) diesel fuel. To avoid fuel
problems due to paraffin separation, use winter-
grade (1-D or winterized 2-D) diesel fuel only.
7.15
WARNING
The addition of kerosene lowers the flash point
of diesel fuel. To prevent fire and risk of injuries
due to burning, do not smoke or use open flames
around fuel mixed with kerosene. Comply with all
appropriate safety regulations.
4. When winter-grade diesel fuel is not adequate, it
is possible to mix kerosene with the diesel fuel. If
it is an EPA07 engine, ultralow-sulphur kerosene
must be used. Add the kerosene only when refill-
ing the tank, and before adding the diesel fuel.
NOTE: Engine power may drop according to the
proportion of kerosene. For this reason, never
add more than 50 percent kerosene to the fuel.
High-Altitude Operation—CAT,
Cummins, DDE S60, M-B
Engines lose horsepower when operated at high alti-
tude because the air is too thin to burn as much fuel
as at sea level. This loss is about three percent for
each 1000 feet (300 m) altitude above sea level for a
naturally aspirated engine. Most turbocharged en-
gines are rated for higher altitudes than naturally as-
pirated engines.
An engine will have smoky exhaust at high altitudes
unless a lower gear is used. The engine will not de-
mand full fuel from the fuel system unless the engine
is altitude-compensated by the use of a turbocharger.
Shift gears as needed to avoid excessive exhaust
smoke.
There is no restriction with respect to altitude opera-
tion for Mercedes-Benz MBE4000 engines. These
engines will perform properly between sea level and
13,000 ft (4000 m) above sea level.
Engine Shutdown—CAT,
Cummins, DDE S60, M-B
Caterpillar
CAUTION
Stopping the engine immediately after it has been
working under load can result in overheating and