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SMA Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions Manual

Bi-directional battery inverter for stand-alone applications
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Sunny Island 4500

Bi-directional Battery Inverter SI4500
for Stand-alone Applications
Installation & Operating Instructions

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Summary of Contents for SMA Sunny Island 4500

  • Page 1: Sunny Island

    Sunny Island 4500 Bi-directional Battery Inverter SI4500 for Stand-alone Applications Installation & Operating Instructions...
  • Page 3 Sunny Island Installation & Operating Instructions Version 3.1 Bi-directional Battery Inverter SI4500 for Stand-alone Applications BWRI45-13:EE0304...
  • Page 4 Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions Alteration Review Document Issue and type Comments Author number of alteration BWRI45 -13:EE5103 Compilation and enhancement of SI3300 Sabban documentation for SI4500 -13:EE0304 Minor changes of layout Salisbury A: Changes due to faulty documents or improvement of the documentation...
  • Page 5 Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions Explanation of Symbols used in this Document To enable optimal usage of this manual and safe operation of the device during in- stallation, operation and maintenance routines, please note the following description of symbols: This indicates a feature that is important either for optimal and comfortable usage or optimal operation of the system.

  • Page 6: Table Of Contents

    Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions Contents Introduction ......................10 About these instructions................12 What to do in case of transport damages? ..........12 General Safety Instructions............... 13 Device Description..................... 14 Operating Modes..................15 2.1.1 Grid-Forming Operation (RUN_U)............16 2.1.2...
  • Page 7 Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions 3.4.4 Connection to AC Voltage ..............48 3.4.5 Connection measure Generator / Mains Current and Voltage ..... 49 3.4.6 Connection of a Generator ..............51 3.4.7 Connection to an External Utility ............53 3.4.8...
  • Page 8 Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions First Commissioning of the Sunny Island ............81 Configuration ..................... 84 First Configuration..................85 6.1.1 “Master” or Single Sunny Island (“New Sys MASTER”) ....... 85 6.1.2 “Slave” Sunny Island (“New Sys SLAVE”)..........92 Configuration after Battery Exchange (“New Battery“)......
  • Page 9 Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions Menu “DATGRD“ (1+4), Grid Data............138 Diagnosis (DIAG)..................... 140 10.1 Menu “ACKN“ (4-1), Error Confirmation..........142 10.2 Menu “HISTOR“ (4-2), Overall Protocol ..........142 10.3 Menu “ERRHIS“ (4-3), Error Protocol ............. 143 10.4 Menu “EVTHIS“...
  • Page 10 Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions Measured Values Displayed (Overview) ............211 Error and Status Signals.................. 217 18.1 Error Signals ................... 217 18.2 Status Signals (“Events“) ................ 219 Declaration of Conformity ................222 Contact ......................223 List of Figures ....................224 List of Tables ....................
  • Page 11 Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions Important Safety Notice: The Sunny Island inverter may only be opened, installed and ser- viced by qualified personnel. The device can still be charged with very high hazardous voltages even when disconnected. Please closely follow all steps as described in this document when working on the inverter.

  • Page 12: Introduction

    Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions 1 Introduction By purchasing a Sunny Island you have decided to use one of the most advanced modular battery inverters. The Sunny Island works as • a high-quality sine wave AC source for 230 V, 50 or 60 Hz island grids with sophisticated overload behavior •...
  • Page 13 This is both installer’s guide and user manual, so it is used as reference for the com- missioning and as guideline on how to use all functions of the inverter optimally. Sunny, Sunny Family, Sunny Island and Sunny Boy are registered trademarks of SMA Regelsysteme GmbH, Germany.

  • Page 14: About These Instructions

    SMA or your local supplier can help you in this matter. In any case a declaration of transport damage must be made within six days upon receipt of the product and must be stated in writing directly to the forwarding agent.

  • Page 15: General Safety Instructions

    Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions 1.3 General Safety Instructions The Sunny Island is only suitable for installation in closed rooms. Therefore do not expose it to humidity, rain or direct sunlight. The inverter is designed for use in places up to 2000 m (6561 ft) above sea-level.

  • Page 16: Device Description

    ® charge its batteries but also allow to connect the SMA Sunny Boy String Inverters for supplementary grid feeding. Furthermore, small wind energy converters or generator sets and even Combined Heat and Power units (CHPs) are also supported.

  • Page 17: Operating Modes

    Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions 2.1 Operating Modes The Sunny Island can be modularly combined with other power sources and must then operate in different operating modes. Depending on the system’s structure, the Sunny Island can be configured to toggle automatically between these operating modes.

  • Page 18: Grid-Forming Operation (Run_U)

    Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions 2.1.1 Grid-Forming Operation (RUN_U) In grid-forming mode the Sunny Island keeps the grid voltage at a constant sine-wave voltage and constant frequency. The voltage and frequency is defined in the “PARGRD“ 3+4 menu. The Sunny Island then has to provide the necessary active and reactive power that is required for the control of the grid.
  • Page 19 Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions The state of charge of the batteries can therefore only be manipulated by controlling the power generating components and the consumers within the grid. Due to the battery management, the Sunny Island can perform a full charge of high quality even in this operating mode.

  • Page 20: Grid-Tied Operation (Run_I)

    Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions 2.1.2 Grid-Tied Operation (RUN_I) In grid-tied operation the Sunny Island follows the voltage and frequency defined by an external power source. This can be an independent synchronous generator or the public utility. In this case, the Sunny Island does not control the grid voltage and grid frequency but controls the current it draws from the grid to charge the battery in a defined and most suitable manner.

  • Page 21: Droop-Mode Operation (Run_U, Run_Uext)

    Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions 2.1.3 Droop-mode operation (RUN_U, RUN_UEXT) The droop mode allows to connect several Sunny Islands (each provided with its own battery) in parallel, even though each Sunny Island will act as a grid-forming device.
  • Page 22 Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions Furthermore, the Sunny Island will respond to voltage fluctuations with reactive cur- rent in droop mode. Thus, only an average cos φ of 1 will be reached. Temporarily, it will deviate from this value.

  • Page 23: Overload Behavior

    70 A . If the short circuit persists for more than approx. 5 seconds, the Sunny Island 4500 switches off with an error message. This is enough in order to trigger automatic circuit-breakers with A or R characteristics, respectively.
  • Page 24 Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions does not exceed approx. 125 A. The active power available at the output port there- x η. fore depends on the current battery voltage and is P = U This means, in case of battery voltage of 60 V it is approx. 7000 W. In case that the load does not fall below this limit after a time of approx.

  • Page 25: Battery Management

    Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions 2.2 Battery Management The battery management monitors the limit values for current, voltage and tempera- ture, calculates the current state of charge and battery state, controls and monitors the charge depending on the previous situations and can control an electrolyte circu- lation pump as well as a battery room fan.

  • Page 26: Charging Methods

    Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions 2.2.1 Charging Methods The battery is charged in a charging procedure adjusted to the type of battery (gel, fleece or lead storage battery). The Sunny Island is informed of the battery type via the parameter “502_Bat Type“...
  • Page 27 Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions 180 days or 30 charge throughputs 14 days or 8 charge throughputs Normal charge U = 2.55 V Equalizing charge Full charge U = 2.45 V U = 2.5 V Float charge U = 2.23 V U >...

  • Page 28: Battery States

    Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions 2.2.2 Battery States The battery management determines the state of the battery out of a selection of eleven possible battery states. It informs the relay control about the determined bat- tery state. The most dominant input variable which is most important for the calcula- tion of the battery state is the actual state of charge (see Fig.
  • Page 29 Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions The battery states do not correspond as directly to the actual state of charge as suggests. Under certain circumstances the battery state Fig. 2.6 will remain stable even though the actual state of charge will vary widely.
  • Page 30 Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions The eleven defined battery states allow the user to make switches according to the battery state. How to define battery state dependent switching operations is shown in Chapter 8.7. The following table provides an overview of the different battery states...

  • Page 31: Low Battery Load Mode

    Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions 2.2.3 Low Battery Load Mode In order to prevent the lead storage battery from getting totally exhausted, the Sunny Island provides three steps of power saving: Step 1 If the battery state reaches the value defined by parameter “535_State StopT” (de- fault setting: L2) the Sunny Island switches to standby mode in a certain period of time (e.

  • Page 32: Failure Of Individual Cells

    Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions 2.2.4 Failure of Individual Cells If individual cells of the battery fail towards the end of the battery’s expected service life, it may be more useful to remove them completely instead of replacing them.

  • Page 33: Installation

    Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions 3 Installation The Sunny Island may only be installed by a qualified technician. Please read the corresponding chapters carefully. All installation work must be executed in compliance with the relevant standards. Please follow the general safety instructions (Chapter 1.3).
  • Page 34 Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions The following components can be delivered as an option for the Sunny Island 4500: • Pt100 contact sensor to determine the battery temperature (SMA order code “SI-BTS“). It is absolutely necessary to connect a temperature sensor.

  • Page 35: Placement Of The Sunny Island

    Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions 3.2 Placement of the Sunny Island The Sunny Island is a highly integrated, electronic device which is therefore sensitive to moisture within the enclosure. The Sunny Island is not suitable for outdoor installation.
  • Page 36 Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions Please note the following points in any case for the installation of the Sunny Island: • The mounting background must be firm (weight of Sunny Island 4500 approx. 45 kg). • The ambient temperature must be between -25 °C and +45 °C.
  • Page 37 Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions Mounting on the wall The Sunny Island is mounted on a mounting bracket on a firm surface. Four screws and the corresponding wall anchors are necessary. The screws and wall anchors are not included in the delivery and have to have a sufficient size. We recommend two 6 mm hexagon head screws and 8 mm wall anchors for fastening (see Fig.
  • Page 38 Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions Fig. 3.1: Mounting bracket with fastening points - 36 - BWRI45-13-EE0304 SMA Regelsysteme GmbH...
  • Page 39 Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions Fig. 3.2: Side view of the Sunny Island with dimensions - 37 - BWRI45-13-EE0304 SMA Regelsysteme GmbH...

  • Page 40: Electric Connection

    Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions 3.3 Electric Connection The electric connection of the Sunny Island can be done once the device is correctly mounted in its position. The storage battery and the grid (connection to distribution panel) are connected to the lower part of the Sunny Island.
  • Page 41 Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions Generator / Mains Batt. Temp. K1 K2 K3 K4 K5 K6 K7 K8 86-00741 Fig. 3.3: Cable glands and terminals of the Sunny Island You will find a diagram with designations of the different terminals inside the lower case lid as well.

  • Page 42: Cable Connections

    Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions 3.3.2 Cable Connections All possibilities to connect the Sunny Island with the island grid are combined on one terminal strip (see Fig. 3.4). • Terminals for battery temperature sensor (four-wire measurement) • Storage battery terminal (at F1:+ and F1:- of the automatic circuit breaker on the left).
  • Page 43 Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions I - OFF I-OFF I - OFF I-OFF Fig. 3.4: Terminal strip of the Sunny Island - 41 - BWRI45-13-EE0304 SMA Regelsysteme GmbH...
  • Page 44 Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions Table 3.1 shows the connector assignment on the terminal strip of the Sunny Island: Designation Description Comments X1:1 + RETURN X1:2 + SEND Battery tempera- ture sensor X1:3 - SEND X1:4 - RETURN...

  • Page 45: Examples For Connection

    Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions 3.4 Examples for Connection In the following chapters you can read about the possibilities how to connect the in- verter to its environment. Examples for the different connection types are provided. How to wire the components and the Sunny Island for protective grounding depends on the type of grid installed and can therefore differ.
  • Page 46 Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions Due to galvanic isolation between the battery and grid side within the Sunny Island it is basically possible – but not necessary – to ground the minus or plus pole of the battery externally. In this case make sure that the very high currents that can occur for a short time in case of an error are discharged as well.

  • Page 47: Connection Of The Battery

    Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions 3.4.2 Connection of the battery On the DC side a suitable storage battery has to be connected according to DIN VDE 0510 (VDE specification for electric storage batteries and battery plants). Make sure that the cable to the storage battery has a sufficient cross- section.
  • Page 48 Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions Battery input max. 25 mm Sunny Island e.g. Fused interrupter to 80 A disconnect the Sunny Island e.g. 60 V/ 350 Ah Fig. 3.5: Connection of battery to the Sunny Island Never remove the battery cable during operation. Always switch the inverter off first.

  • Page 49: Connection Of Battery Temperature Sensor

    Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions 3.4.3 Connection of Battery Temperature Sensor A PT 100 sensor with four-wire technology is required to measure the battery tem- perature. The sensor is connected to the inverter at the terminals X1:1-X1:4 (Fig.

  • Page 50: Connection To Ac Voltage

    Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions 3.4.4 Connection to AC Voltage On the power side the AC voltage is connected to the automatic circuit breaker F2. If there is only one electric circuit this can be directly supplied by the Sunny Island. If there are additional devices feeding the grid, such as wind generators, separate cir- cuits and thus an external distribution is recommended.

  • Page 51: Connection Measure Generator / Mains Current And Voltage

    Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions 3.4.5 Connection measure Generator / Mains Current and Voltage If a generator (diesel, gas) is integrated into the island grid the diesel voltage must be measured via the input “Generator / Mains sync. input” of the Sunny Island.
  • Page 52 Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions Cable cross- section[mm 0,75 Current Intensity [A] : Cable material: Copper 1000 Distance to current transformer [m] Fig. 3.9: Power loss due to the secondary circuit to the inverter Basically the output of the current transformer connected to the Sunny Island’s generator / mains current input is supposed to be electrically...

  • Page 53: Connection Of A Generator

    Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions 3.4.6 Connection of a Generator If e. g. a diesel generator is integrated into the island grid, not only the measurement signals listed in Chapter 3.3, but also the control signals “Generator start“ and “Gen- erator contactor“...
  • Page 54 Sunny Island generator start external distribution generator Fig. 3.11: Example of connection for an accelerated switch-over (generator) * This relay shall not overcharge the 24 V auxiliary supply output (SMA order code ”SI-BP24“)! A relay complying with requirements available with...

  • Page 55: Connection To An External Utility

    Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions 3.4.7 Connection to an External Utility Such a plant option requires a very careful design and installation in order to prevent accidents based on the assumption that the plant is deenergized as it is disconnected from the utility!
  • Page 56 Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions BPRE Mains Outlet Sunny Island Grid external distribution utility grid Fig. 3.12: Connection to an external utility The switch-over times can also be eliminated by means of a more complicated wiring for the connection to the recovered external utility (Fig. 3.13). Of course, the Sunny Island can by no means forecast a failure of the external utility.
  • Page 57 24V= Sunny Island Grid utility grid external distribution Fig. 3.13: Connection for an accelerated switch-over (utility) * This relay shall not overcharge the 24 V auxiliary supply output (SMA order code ”SI-BP24“)! A relay complying with requirements available with order code ”SI-BPRETR“.

  • Page 58: Connection To Generator And Utility

    Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions 3.4.8 Connection to Generator and Utility Such a plant option requires a very careful design and installation in order to prevent accidents based on the assumption that the plant is deenergized as it is disconnected from the utility!
  • Page 59 Sunny Island generator start Grid generator utility grid externe distribution Fig. 3.14: Connection to generator and utility This relay shall not overcharge the 24 V auxiliary supply output (SMA order code ”SI-BP24“)! A relay complying with requirements available with order code ”SI-BPRETR“.

  • Page 60: Connection Of A Battery Room Fan And Electrolyte Pump

    Grid external distribution utility grid generator Fig. 3.15: Example of an accelerated switch-over (generator and utility) This relay shall not overcharge the 24 V auxiliary supply output (SMA order code ”SI-BP24“)! A relay complying with requirements available with order code ”SI-BPRETR“.
  • Page 61 Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions BPRE Battery BPRE Battery circulation Electrolyte Battery Room Pump Outlet Sunny Island external Distribution Fig. 3.16: Connection of a battery room fan and electrolyte pump - 59 - BWRI45-13-EE0304 SMA Regelsysteme GmbH...

  • Page 62: Connection Of A Dump Load

    Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions 3.4.10 Connection of a Dump Load If there is a surplus of energy in the island grid which is not utilized, but cannot be stored either because the batteries are fully charged, it makes sense to connect an additional consumer (dump load).

  • Page 63: Connection To "Ecopower-Mini-Bhkw

    Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions 3.4.11 Connection to “ecopower-Mini-BHKW” The Sunny Island is capable of controlling an “ecopower Mini-BHKW”-CHP unit via its communication port COM3. To this extend the interconnection between the Sunny Island and the CHP unit has to be performed as shown in Fig. 3.18. A three-wire RS232 null-modem style communication (RxD, TxD, GND) is sufficient.

  • Page 64: Connection To "Ecopower-Mini-Bhkw" And Utility

    Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions 3.4.12 Connection to “ecopower-Mini-BHKW” and utility Such a plant option requires a very careful design and installation in order to prevent accidents based on the assumption that the plant is deenergized as it is disconnected from the utility!

  • Page 65: Finalization Of Electrical Wiring

    Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions 3.5 Finalization of Electrical Wiring Always mount the “lower protective cover“ (lower part of plastic terminal cover, see Chapter 3.3.1) with the two corresponding screws after wiring has been completed and before any power supply units are connected!

  • Page 66: Interfaces For Communication

    (e. g. for full charging, compare Chapter 2.2). With a PC and the software package Sunny Data which is available as an accessory it is possible to diagnose and record data of all SMA components (Sunny Boy and Sunny Island) connected to this inter- face.

  • Page 67: Assignment Of Com1 Interface (Three-Phase Operation)

    A complete software update for the system management processor or the control processor can be made via COM3. In addition to a PC and a null modem cable a software tool available at SMA’s website (http://www.sma.de) is required.

  • Page 68: Assignment Of Com2 Interface

    Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions 3.6.2 Assignment of COM2 Interface The signals listed in Table 3.3 are available when the corresponding Piggy-Back has been installed. RS485 Signal RS232 Signal Data + /RXD (Input of Sunny Island) Data +...

  • Page 69: Connection With Sunny Boy And Sunny Boy Control

    Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions 3.7 Connection with Sunny Boy and Sunny Boy Control To establish the recommended communication connection via RS485 (COM2) from the Sunny Island to the Sunny Boy Control and Sunny Boy, all devices have to be equipped with an RS485 interface.
  • Page 70 Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions Sunny Island (COM 2) Plug-in DB9 680 Ω 680 Ω 1 Sunny Boy Termination: MOSR15-SP Jumpers 680 Ω mounted Resistors under the Piggy- Connect shield Back module must to case (PE) be removed...

  • Page 71: Multiple Connection At Com2 Interface

    Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions 3.7.2 Multiple Connection at COM2 Interface To ensure fail-safe and troublefree installation of the communication connection please follow the instructions below: Make sure that termination resistors are provided at the beginning and the end of the RS485 bus. These resistors can be activated by jumpers within the device, alternatively for the Sunny Boy Control by an external bridge between pin 7 and pin 9 or by external resistors in the plug.
  • Page 72 Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions Fig. 3.23: Connection of Sunny Boys and a Sunny Boy Control at COM2 (RS485) - 70 - BWRI45-13-EE0304 SMA Regelsysteme GmbH...

  • Page 73: Simple Connection To Pc

    A PC is connected to a Sunny Island via RS232 with an ordinary serial data trans- mission cable (null modem cable, SMA order code “36-5001 “). If your PC is equipped with DB25 plugs or if only a DB25 plug is free (e. g. the COM1 DB9 plug is already used by a serial PC mouse) you additionally require a DB25/DB9 adapter (SMA order code 36-5010).

  • Page 74: Alternative Communication At Com1 Interface

    Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions 3.7.4 Alternative Communication at COM1 Interface Fig. 3.24 shows as an example a simple island grid plant with a Sunny Boy as the photovoltaic feeder, Sunny Island, Sunny Boy Control Plus and communication PC. A motor feeding the grid is not included here but could be easily integrated.

  • Page 75: Assignment Of Com3 Interface

    Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions 3.7.5 Assignment of COM3 Interface The service interface COM3 can only be used as an RS232 interface. In addition to control purposes of the “ecopower Mini-BHKW” (see Chapters 3.4.11 and 7.4) it is used for service, maintenance and necessary software updates.

  • Page 76: Communication In A Three-Phase Island Grid

    Master Sunny Boy Control S-BUS Communication Interface PC Interface RS485 1200 Baud Sunny Net RS485 19200 Baud SMA Net Service Interface RS232 Sunny Boy Sunny Boy Sunny Boy Fig. 3.25: Communication in a three-phase island grid Please read Chapter 8.3 carefully!

  • Page 77: Operating Instructions

    Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions 4 Operating Instructions The Sunny Island is operated with keys and an eight-line graphic display. All func- tions of the device can be carried out and modified according to the respective user group (operator or installer).

  • Page 78: Key Assignment

    Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions As it is often more than six lines of information that is shown there are symbols in the lower line and the right-hand column of the display. These indicate to the user whether there are further lines beyond those shown on the display.

  • Page 79: Contrast In Display

    Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions 4.1.2 Contrast in Display The Sunny Island is equipped with a display that is easily legible in the standard setup even at a strong angle. If you still desire to modify the contrast you can do so starting from any menu item.

  • Page 80: Edit Mode

    Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions 4.1.4 Edit Mode The edit mode allows to change settings and parameters. You can enter the edit mode by pressing [ ENTER ]. Parameters that can be edited are selected by press- ing [...
  • Page 81 Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions Start-up phase New Battery, New Sys MASTER, New Sys SLAVE [ ESC ] Password- Parameter- -------- entry settings Restart (INIT) 10 seconds idle time [ESC] STATUS Status OPERAT SETUP DIAG any key Relays...
  • Page 82 Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions As shown the menu is structured into the following main branches: Menu Description branch DATA Overview of the most important operating data; display of measured system values OPERAT Sunny Island operating functions and generator settings...

  • Page 83: First Commissioning Of The Sunny Island

    Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions 5 First Commissioning of the Sunny Island After the inverter has been installed as described in Chapter 3 it can be commis- sioned for the first time. First insert the three batteries included in delivery into the battery tray in the terminal area of the Sunny Island.
  • Page 84 After another two seconds you can see the starting menu (see Fig. 5.3). Should your Sunny Island display a different text, please write it down. Switch the inverter off again and contact the SMA hotline (see Chapter 20). Fig. 5.3: “INIT” menu (0-0) While the selection shown in Fig.
  • Page 85 Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions This is a necessary preparation to enable the installer to enter the pass- word correctly. Quit the “SETTIM“ (3-1) menu by pressing [ ESC ]. Now switch the Sunny Island off again with the DC fuse. Now the installer can configure the inverter as described in the following chapters.

  • Page 86: Configuration

    Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions 6 Configuration The Sunny Island will be used especially in those island grids which are modularly structured. The more complex such an island grid is, the higher the number of set- tings to be made at the Sunny Island to achieve optimum operating behavior.

  • Page 87: First Configuration

    Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions Parameter changes should always be made in standby mode. Other- wise the corresponding operating values are changed as well imme- diately after pressing [ ENTER ]. Faulty entries cannot be corrected fast enough and may lead to damages in the plant! The settings defined will be maintained even if the Sunny Island is switched off.
  • Page 88 Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions Fig. 6.1: Display to enter password As soon as you have entered the password correctly all settings and val- ues acquired adaptively up to this point are overwritten with standard va- lues! After you have entered the password you will reach a menu where you have to set up essential, “Master”-oriented parameters for the battery, the connected generator and...
  • Page 89 Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions Parameter Default Description 1Phs_Slv3: single-phase parallel peroration with three de- vices with one single battery pack, device is slave 3 3Phs_Mstr1Set: three-phase operation, device is master (L1) 3Phs_parallel: three-phase operation in droop-mode (see Chapter 11.7.2 and 11.7.3), device is master...
  • Page 90 Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions Parameter Default Description 512_Acid Pump Not installed Only for lead storage battery with liquid electrolyte: Not installed Electrolyte circulation pump not installed Installed Electrolyte circulation pump installed By selecting “Installed“, the electrolyte circulation pump is switched on depending on settings of parameters 513 to 516.
  • Page 91 Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions Parameter Default Description Type 3: 3 contacts Start / Stop, relays K1, K2, K6 EcoPower Ecopower CHP (see also Fig. 12.1: Starting phase sequence for different genera- tor types) 604_GenSet Ctrl The Sunny Island reduces its current input in charge operation (RUN_I) ……...
  • Page 92 Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions Parameter Default Description 705_Man K5 Operating mode of relay K5 OFF: Switch relay K5 off Switch relay K5 on AUTO: Sunny Island automatically controls relay K5. RUN: Relay is only switched on when the Sunny Is- land operates.
  • Page 93 Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions Lead storage batteries with a liquid electrolyte are also called non VARLA while batteries labeled VARLA (VAlve Regulated Lead Acid) or maintenance-free are normally gel or fleece batteries. Initially, when started via “New Sys MASTER” or “New Battery”, the bat- tery state will be set to L1 and will not change until a “normal charge”...

  • Page 94: Slave" Sunny Island ("New Sys Slave")

    Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions An AC grid is only available when the Sunny Island has been set into the operating mode “RUN_U“ in the “START“ (2-1) menu (see Chapter 7.1). 6.1.2 “Slave” Sunny Island (“New Sys SLAVE”) In order to configure a Sunny Island that is intended for being a “Slave”...
  • Page 95 Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions 401_Phase 1Phs_Single 1Phs_Single: single-phase operation, inverter is the only device Mode 1Phs_Psingle: single-phase parallel operation with one battery per device (grid and generator not possible!) 1Phs_Mstr2: single-phase parallel operation with two devices with one single battery pack, device is master...
  • Page 96 Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions In a three-phase system one Sunny Island has to be set up as the master (3Phs_Mstr1Set) while the other two are set up as slaves (3Phs_Slv1L2 and 3Phs_Slv1L3). The settings of other interconnection systems (for example single- phase parallel”) are corresponding.

  • Page 97: Configuration After Battery Exchange ("New Battery")

    Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions 6.2 Configuration after Battery Exchange (“New Battery“) After the lead storage battery has been exchanged the Sunny Island has to be recon- figured. To do so select the menu item “New Battery“ in the “INIT“ (0-0) menu. You require the password for „Level: 1“...
  • Page 98 Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions Parameter Default Description 501_Cbatnom 350 Ah Nominal capacity of the battery of 10 hours. This always has to be entered as defined in the manufacturer’s instructions even if the battery has already aged!
  • Page 99 Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions Please check now referring to Chapters 8 and 16 whether additional settings for adaptation to the island grid are required or reasonable. It is strongly recommended to leave all loads in the system switched off until the battery state reaches N1 for the first time (the battery state (BAZ) is displayed in various menus, see Chapter 9 for details).

  • Page 100: Configuration After Restart ("Restart")

    Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions 6.3 Configuration after Restart (“Restart”) If the Sunny Island has already been fully adjusted to an island grid it does not need to be reconfigured after a restart. All settings are maintained even if the inverter is switched off.

  • Page 101: Operation (Operat)

    Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions 7 Operation (OPERAT) Fig. 7.1: Menu selection “OPERAT“ (0-2) The menu selection “OPERAT“ (0-2) shows the current operating modes of the Sunny Island and of a potentially connected generator. In islanding operation the Sunny Island provides constant voltage and frequency on the AC voltage side and uses the battery as a buffer storage.

  • Page 102: Menu "Start" (2-1), Operation Of The Sunny Island

    Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions 7.1 Menu “START” (2-1), Operation of the Sunny Island Fig. 7.3: Menu “START“ (2-1) By confirming the menu entry ”START” in the menu ”START” (2-1) the Sunny Island can be switched from standby operation to the operating mode configured before. As a default setting this is the operation as a grid-forming element (”RUN_U”) where the...

  • Page 103: Menu "Genset" (2-2), Operation Of Generator

    Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions 7.2 Menu “GENSET” (2-2), Operation of Generator Fig. 7.4: Menu “GENSET“ (2-2) The menu ”GENSET” (2-2) comprises functions concerning a connected generator. Such a generator can e. g. be started or stopped manually via this menu or can be set to automatic operation controlled by the Sunny Island.
  • Page 104 Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions Additionally the remaining times for e.g. crank, warm up phases etc. will be displayed in the last line when this menu is entered. Name Description State Operating state of generator Fail Fail state of generator...
  • Page 105 Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions Name Description 603_GenSet Interf None: No generator start by Sunny Island Type 1: Autostart, relays K1 + K2 Type 2: 3 contacts Run / Start, relays K1, K2, K6 Type 3: 3 contacts Start / Stop, relays K1, K2, K6...

  • Page 106: Menu "Funct" (2+3), Special Functions

    Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions 7.3 Menu “FUNCT“ (2+3), Special Functions This menu can only be selected after the installer password (level: 1) has been en- tered. Fig. 7.5: Menu “FUNCT“ (2+3) In this menu cumulatively measured values can be reset, default parameters can be loaded and a firmware update can be made.

  • Page 107: Menu „Bhkw" (2+5), Ecopower Support

    Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions Fig. 7.6: Update information display The Sunny Island will remain in this state until a firmware update is actually being performed. If you reached this state by mistake, without having the opportunity to up- date the firmware, you may –...
  • Page 108 Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions In order to be controlled by the Sunny Island this function has to be unlocked in the ecopower mini combined heat and power units of the company VALENTIN Energie- und Umwelttechnik GmbH. The Sunny Island is capable of controlling both, single-phase and three-phase eco- power mini CHPs.

  • Page 109: Settings (Setup)

    Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions 8 Settings (SETUP) Fig. 8.1: Menu selection “SETUP“ (0-3) In the menu branch “SETUP“ (0-3) you can set up all parameters. Usually you have to enter the installer password (level: 1) (see Chapter 8.2). Only less important set- tings (like time and date) can be changed by the operator without having to enter the password.

  • Page 110: Menu "Settim" (3-1), Setting The System Clock

    Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions SETUP (Chapter 7) SETTIM PASSWD PARSYS PARGRD PARBAT PARGEN PARREL PARSB PARALL Fig. 8.2: Menu branch “SETUP“ (0-3) 8.1 Menu “SETTIM“ (3-1), Setting the System Clock Fig. 8.3: Menu “SETTIM“ (3-1) In this menu the integrated clock of the Sunny Island can be set. It is necessary to correctly set the time e.

  • Page 111: Menu "Passwd" (3-2), Entry Of Password

    Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions In order to have a correct system time even after the Sunny Island is switched off, make sure that the three AA-batteries were assembled pro- perly (see Chapter 5). 8.2 Menu “PASSWD“ (3-2), Entry of Password Fig.

  • Page 112: Menu "Parsys" (3+3), Parameters System

    Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions 8.3 Menu “PARSYS“ (3+3), Parameters System This menu can only be selected after the installer password (level: 1) has been en- tered. Fig. 8.5: Menu “PARSYS“ (3+3) In the menu “PARSYS“ (3+3) you can set the parameters that concern the Sunny Island itself.
  • Page 113 Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions “PARSYS“ (3+3) Name Description 310_Auto Start 0 ... 255: Number of autostart attempts (0: autostart off) within 1 hour. After 1 hour the counter is reset. Autostart means that the Sunny Island restarts automatically app. 10 sec after an error message.

  • Page 114: Menu "Pargrd" (3+4), Parameters Grid

    Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions 8.4 Menu “PARGRD“ (3+4), Parameters Grid This menu can only be selected after the installer password (level: 1) has been en- tered. Fig. 8.6: Menu “PARGRD“ (3+4) The Sunny Island is informed about the operating values of the connected AC grid with the settings in the menu “PARGRD“...
  • Page 115 Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions “PARGRD“ (3+4) Name Description 401_Phase 1Phs_Single: single-phase operation, device is single device Mode 1Phs_Psingle: single-phase parallel operation with one battery per device (no grid and generator possible!!) 1Phs_Mstr2: single-phase parallel operation with “two devices with one sin- gle battery pack”, device is master...

  • Page 116: Menu "Parbat" (3+5), Parameters Battery

    Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions 8.5 Menu “PARBAT“ (3+5), Parameters Battery This menu can only be selected after the installer password (level: 1) has been en- tered. Fig. 8.7: Menu “PARBAT“ (3+5) In the menu “PARBAT“ (3+5) the operator can change the parameters for the battery management of the Sunny Island.
  • Page 117 Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions “PARBAT“ (3+5) Name Description 508_Tbat Sense Not Installed Battery temperature sensor is not installed Installed Battery temperature sensor is installed Automatically set to “Installed” in case of single-phase systems or masters in three-phase systems. In all other cases set to “Not Installed”.
  • Page 118 Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions “PARBAT“ (3+5) Name Description Please follow manufacturer’s instructions. 533_Stdby t beg 0 ... 23 h: Beginning of period when low-strain operation of battery is permissible (see “535_Stat StopT”) 534_Stdby t end 0 ... 23 h: End of period when low-strain operation of battery is permis- sible (see “535_Stat StopT”)

  • Page 119: Menu "Pargen" (3+6), Parameters Generator

    Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions 8.6 Menu “PARGEN“ (3+6), Parameters Generator This menu can only be selected after the installer password (level: 1) has been entered. In the menu “PARGEN“ (3+6) the operator can change the parameters for a con- nected generator.
  • Page 120 Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions “PARGEN“ (3+6) Name Description tion measures are necessary for this) fast Mains form The Sunny Island is operated together with a grid-forming generator and on the public utility grid. Switching takes place without interruption (special installation measures are...
  • Page 121 Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions “PARGEN“ (3+6) Name Description 615_tGen stop 1 ... 180 s: Length of time the relay is controlled to stop the generator 616_tGen lock 1 ... 180 min: Period of time the generator – after having been stopped - cannot be restarted via the Sunny Island (can be shortened by acknowledgement in the “GENSET“...
  • Page 122 Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions “PARGEN“ (3+6) Name Description “630_TavgLdSum“), that has to be exceeded, in order to start the Ecopower CHP even in the case of charging states between “631_PldLzMin” and “632_PldLzMax“. 634_PConsMax 0 … 10.000 W...

  • Page 123: Menu "Parrel" (3+7), Parameters Relays

    Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions 8.7 Menu “PARREL“ (3+7), Parameters Relays This menu can only be selected after the installer password (level: 1) has been en- tered. Fig. 8.9: Menu “PARREL“ (3+7) In the menu “PARREL“ (3+7) you can define how the relays K1 to K8 (available as accessories) are to be controlled.
  • Page 124 Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions To activate this function, the parameter “7xx_Man Kx” of the respective relay (e.g. for K1 it would be 701_Man K1”) has to be set to “AUTO”. To define a switching operation, at least two battery states have to be chosen (“7xx_Kx On t1”...
  • Page 125 Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions Fig. 8.12: Switching behavior when „Kx On tx“ is equal to „Kx Off tx“ Fig. 8.13: Switching behavior: Exception • To control energy sources it is advisable to choose an “On” state that is below the “Off”...
  • Page 126 Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions for switching of the relay can be selected again. The setting is made accordingly as described above, but with the parameters “7xx_Kx On t2“ and “7xx_Kx Off t2“. The new settings will only take effect after the Sunny Island has been re- started (by selecting “START”...
  • Page 127 Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions Special tasks Some of the relays can be assigned special tasks. This depends on the settings in other menus: Relay Special function Configurable in menu Generator start “PARGEN“ (3+6) “Dumpload 1” (for ecopower mini CHP) “PARGEN“...
  • Page 128 Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions If a relay has been assigned both a battery state-dependent control and a special function, only the special function is performed! Exception: To start the generator via K1 the Sunny Island will abide by the settings of parameters 710 to 715.
  • Page 129 Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions “PARREL“ (3+7) Name Description LOAD: Relay is switched in relation to load (see parameter 625 to 630) 706_Man K6 as parameter 705, but for K6 707_Man K7 Operating mode of relay K7 OFF:...

  • Page 130: Menu "Parsb" (3+8), Parameters Sunny Boy

    Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions 8.8 Menu “PARSB“ (3+8), Parameters Sunny Boy This menu can only be selected after the installer password (level: 1) has been en- tered. Fig. 8.15: Menu “PARSB“ (3+8) You should define settings in the menu “PARSB“ (3+8) if there are Sunny Boy invert- ers in the island grid which are to be controlled by the Sunny Island via the RS485 interface (COM2).
  • Page 131 Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions “PARSB“ (3+8) Name Description 801_Sunny Boys Not installed: Sunny Island is not to control Sunny Boys. Installed: Sunny Island is to control Sunny Boys (via COM2) Inst. Mains: Sunny Island is to control Sunny Boys only if grid...

  • Page 132: Menu "Parall" (3+9), All Parameters

    Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions 8.9 Menu “PARALL“ (3+9), all Parameters This menu can only be selected after the installer password (level: 1) has been en- tered. Fig. 8.16: Menu “PARALL“ (3+9) The menu “PARALL“ (3+9) comprises all parameters from the “PARxxx“ menus de- scribed in the chapters above.

  • Page 133: Operating Data (Data)

    Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions 9 Operating Data (DATA) Fig. 9.1: STATUS and menu selection “DATA“ (0-1) What makes the Sunny Island so special are its comprehensive control and powerful system management. For these two it is necessary to acquire the most different elec- trical and physical variables.
  • Page 134 Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions Fig. 9.3: STATUS and state of the relay You can go back to the window „STATUS and menu selection ‚DATA’ (0-1)“ (see Fig. 9.1) by pressing any button. The values displayed are: Measured value...

  • Page 135: Menu „Datav" (1-0), Overview Of Measured Values

    Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions 9.1 Menu „DATAV“ (1-0), Overview of Measured Values Fig. 9.4: Menu „DATAV“ (1-0) An overview of the current values is displayed in the menu „DATAV“ (1-0), similarly to the both menu STATUS. Whereas the STATUS display rather serves as a fast func- tion control, the menu „DATAV“...

  • Page 136: Menu "Datsys" (1-1), System Data

    Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions 9.2 Menu “DATSYS“ (1-1), System Data Fig. 9.5: Menu “DATSYS (1-1) The menu “DATSYS (1-1)“ shows internal data of the Sunny Island. These are the serial number, the release number of the firmware version for system management and control as well as the so-called up-time (total operating hours).
  • Page 137 Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions “DATALL“ (1-2) Name Description Mode Current operating mode Pext Sum Total of active generator power (three phases) If an “ecopower Mini-BHKW” is installed this equals the sum of the Sunny Is- land’s power and the power of the CHP unit, as received from by the Sunny Is- land on its COM3 port.

  • Page 138: Sunny Island

    Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions 9.4 Menu “DATBAT“ (1+3), Battery Data This menu can only be selected after the installer password (level: 1) has been en- tered. Fig. 9.7: Menu “DATBAT“ (1-3) As there is a very large number of plant data shown in the complete (level: 1) menu “DATALL“...
  • Page 139 Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions “DATBAT“ (1+3) Name Description Bat State Current battery state SOC act Actual battery state of charge Ubat mean Mean value of battery voltage Uchrg act Setpoint value of battery voltage Ibat mean Mean value of battery current...

  • Page 140: Menu "Datgrd" (1+4), Grid Data

    Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions 9.5 Menu “DATGRD“ (1+4), Grid Data This menu can only be entered after the installer password (level: 1) has been en- tered. Fig. 9.8: Menu “DATGRD“ (1+4) As there is a very large number of plant data shown in the complete (level: 1) menu “DATALL“...
  • Page 141 Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions “DATGRD“ (1+4) Name Description Uconv eff Current grid voltage Fconv Current grid frequency Iconv eff Grid current (RMS value) Iconv Sum Inverter current (three phases) Pconv Active grid power Sunny Island Pconv Sum...

  • Page 142: Diagnosis (Diag)

    Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions 10 Diagnosis (DIAG) Fig. 10.1: Menu selection “DIAG“ (0-4) The Sunny Island has a very powerful system management. It makes it possible to adjust the controlling behavior of the Sunny Island precisely to the connected island grid and its components.
  • Page 143 Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions DIAG (Chapter 9) ACKN HISTOR ERRHIS EVTHIS Fig. 10.2: Menu branch “DIAG“ If an error has occurred or a limiting value has been exceeded, the Sunny Island first switches to the operating state “FAULT“ for a few seconds.

  • Page 144: Menu "Ackn" (4-1), Error Confirmation

    Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions 10.1 Menu “ACKN“ (4-1), Error Confirmation Fig. 10.3: Menu “ACKN“ (4-1) This menu always shows the last serious error that has occurred. The operator has to confirm this error state by selecting the menu item “Acknowledge“. If there are more than one of those error messages they have to be confirmed one after the other.

  • Page 145: Menu "Errhis" (4-3), Error Protocol

    Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions 10.3 Menu “ERRHIS“ (4-3), Error Protocol Fig. 10.5: Menu “ERRHIS“ (4-3) The menu “ERRHIS“ (4-3) lists the exceeded limiting values and errors occurred that are shown in the menu “HISTOR“ (4-2). 10.4 Menu “EVTHIS“ (4-4), State Protocol Fig.

  • Page 146: Island Grids - Examples

    Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions 11 Island Grids – Examples This chapter covers basic examples for island grids that can help engineers and in- stallers to understand island grids based on the Sunny Island. It refers to parameter settings that usually have to be made in order to operate in a specific configuration.

  • Page 147: Photovoltaically Powered Island Grid

    Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions 11.1 Photovoltaically powered Island Grid Fig. 11.1 shows a basic example for an island grid using exclusively solar energy. To reduce the requirements in terms of battery and PV generator size it is possible to provide an additional circuitry (see Fig.
  • Page 148 Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions Even in island grids with feeders independent of weather conditions we recommend to wire up the consumers in a way to be able to switch them off with the Sunny Island (via one of the relays K1 to K8). Especially in case of a failure (generator defective etc.) the battery can thus be pro-...
  • Page 149 Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions Fig. 11.1: Sunny Island + PV - 147 - BWRI45-13-EE0304 SMA Regelsysteme GmbH...
  • Page 150 Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions Parameter settings, mandatory in this configuration The following parameters have to be set for a proper operation of the Sunny Island. Parameter Unit Default Description Master Slaves 401_Phase Mode 1Phs_Si Device setting 1Phs_Si...
  • Page 151 Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions Parameter settings, recommended for this configuration The proper settings of the following parameters should be checked. In general, the system should function well with the default values, but minor optimizations might be advisable.

  • Page 152: Photovoltaically Powered Island Grid With Generator

    Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions 11.2 Photovoltaically powered Island Grid with Generator The energy of the island grid shown in Fig. 11.2 derives from both photovoltaic gen- erators and a combustion engine. Normally, the voltage and frequency of the island grid are specified by the Sunny Island.
  • Page 153 Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions Fig. 11.2: Sunny Island + PV + Genset - 151 - BWRI45-13-EE0304 SMA Regelsysteme GmbH...
  • Page 154 Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions Parameter settings, mandatory in this configuration The following parameters have to be set for a proper operation of the Sunny Island. Parameter Unit Default Description Master Slaves 401_Phase Mode 1Phs_Si Device setting 1Phs_...
  • Page 155 Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions Parameter settings, recommended for this configuration The proper settings of the following parameters should be checked. In general, the system should function well with the default values, but minor optimizations might be advisable.

  • Page 156: Mains Backup System With Photovoltaics

    Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions 11.3 Mains Backup System with Photovoltaics A special version of a mains backup system is shown Fig. 11.3. It is possible in this configuration to feed the solar energy into the public grid as long as the grid is avail- able.
  • Page 157 Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions Fig. 11.3: Sunny Island + Mains + PV - 155 - BWRI45-13-EE0304 SMA Regelsysteme GmbH...
  • Page 158 Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions Parameter settings, mandatory in this configuration The following parameters have to be set for a proper operation of the Sunny Island. Parameter Unit Default Description Master Slaves 401_Phase Mode 1Phs_Si Device setting 1Phs_...

  • Page 159: Mains Backup System With Generator And Pv

    Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions Many more parameters will have an effect on the system. But unless there are co- gent reasons to change them, their default values should be retained unchanged. For a more detailed description of the parameters refer to Chapter 16.
  • Page 160 Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions Fig. 11.4: Sunny Island + Mains + Generator + PV - 158 - BWRI45-13-EE0304 SMA Regelsysteme GmbH...
  • Page 161 Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions Parameter settings, mandatory in this configuration The following parameters have to be set for a proper operation of the Sunny Island. Parameter Unit Default Description Master Slaves 401_Phase Mode 1Phs_Si Device setting 1Phs_...
  • Page 162 Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions Parameter settings, recommended for this configuration The proper settings of the following parameters should be checked. In general, the system should function well with the default values, but minor optimizations might be advisable.

  • Page 163: Integrating Chp-Units

    Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions 11.5 Integrating CHP-Units If both electricity and heat is needed in a system, using a combined heat and power unit will be advisable. The Sunny Island has special functions to support particularly CHP units of the type „ecopower Mini-BHKW“, distributed by VALENTIN Energie- und Umwelttechnik GmbH, Germany.
  • Page 164 Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions Fig. 11.5: Sunny Island + CHP + PV - 162 - BWRI45-13-EE0304 SMA Regelsysteme GmbH...
  • Page 165 Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions Parameter settings, mandatory in this configuration The following parameters have to be set for a proper operation of the Sunny Island. Parameter Unit Default Description Master Slaves 401_Phase Mode 1Phs_Si Device setting 1Phs_...
  • Page 166 Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions Parameter settings, recommended for this configuration The proper settings of the following parameters should be checked. In general, the system should function well with the default values, but minor optimizations might be advisable.

  • Page 167: Multiple Sunny Island Systems (W/ Data Interchange)

    Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions 11.6 Multiple Sunny Island Systems (w/ Data interchange) Even in systems with high overload capable devices, such as the Sunny Island, there may be the demand for higher power. To this end, it is possible to connect Sunny Islands in parallel.
  • Page 168 Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions For a proper operation either all of the parameters „422_Ps2off“, „423_Ps2on3off“ and „424_Ps3on“ have to be set to reasonable values, or they all have to be left at their default values. If only two Sunny Islands are provided in the system „424_Ps3on“ and „423_Ps2on3off“...
  • Page 169 Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions Parameter settings, mandatory in this configuration The following parameters have to be set for a proper operation of the Sunny Island. Parameter Unit Default Description Master Slaves 401_Phase Mode 1Phs_Si Device setting 1Phs_M...
  • Page 170 Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions Parameter settings, recommended for this configuration The proper settings of the following parameters should be checked. In general, the system should function well with the default values, but minor optimizations might be advisable.

  • Page 171: Three-Phase System

    Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions 11.6.2 Three-Phase System Up to two three-phase Sunny Island clusters can be connected in parallel. In order to be able to control a generator, the clusters have to communicate their energy states. A communication cable is therefore required (in addition to the synchronization ca- bling on COM1).
  • Page 172 Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions Parameter settings, mandatory in this configuration The following parameters have to be set for a proper operation of the Sunny Island. The term “cluster1” refers to the cluster that is meant for controlling the generator (if existing).
  • Page 173 Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions Parameter settings, recommended for this configuration The proper settings of the following parameters should be checked. In general, the system should function well with the default values, but minor optimizations might be advisable.

  • Page 174: Multiple Sunny Island Systems (W/O Data Interchange)

    Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions 11.7 Multiple Sunny Island Systems (w/o Data interchange) Sunny Islands with firmware 3.00 , and higher are able to operate in parallel without any communication. The information about the energy resp. load status is derived solely from the frequency and the voltage of the AC grid („droop mode“, see Chapter...

  • Page 175: Single-Phase System

    Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions 11.7.1 Single-Phase System Fig. 11.9: Single-Phase System 11.7.2 Three-Phase System Fig. 11.10: Three-Phase System - 173 - BWRI45-13-EE0304 SMA Regelsysteme GmbH...

  • Page 176: Mixed Single/Three-Phase Systems

    Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions 11.7.3 Mixed Single/Three-Phase Systems In case of different utilizations of the different phases it is even possible to back one or two of the phases with additional Sunny Islands, each running in single-phase droop mode.

  • Page 177: Terminal Diagrams For Generator Options

    Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions 12 Terminal Diagrams for Generator Options For simple and fast installation you can see on the following pages examples for wir- ing to connect a generator to an island system. The examples are based on single- phase island systems.
  • Page 178 Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions Fig. 12.2: Single-phase island system with generator “type 1“ (automatic start) - 176 - BWRI45-13-EE0304 SMA Regelsysteme GmbH...
  • Page 179 Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions Fig. 12.3: Single-phase island system with generator “type 2“ - 177 - BWRI45-13-EE0304 SMA Regelsysteme GmbH...
  • Page 180 Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions Fig. 12.4: Single-phase island system with generator “type 3“ - 178 - BWRI45-13-EE0304 SMA Regelsysteme GmbH...

  • Page 181: Temporarily Connected Generators

    This can be the case when unfavorable weather conditions persist for a longer time period. For this purpose the operator can use a special terminal box available from SMA as an accessory (SMA order code “SI-GENCASE.01“) which can be firmly installed in the plant.
  • Page 182 Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions Fig. 12.5: External charging of the battery by an auxiliary generator - 180 - BWRI45-13-EE0304 SMA Regelsysteme GmbH...

  • Page 183: Ecopower Mini-Bhkw", Chp-Units

    Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions 12.3 “ecopower Mini-BHKW”, CHP-units In systems where not only electrical energy but also thermal energy is required, the integration of a CHP-unit is advisable. in particular, the “ecopower Mini-BHKW” type is supported by the Sunny Island.

  • Page 184: Technical Data

    Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions 13 Technical Data Power unit AC output power (30 min @ Tu = 25 °C) 4500 VA’* AC, 30 Continuous output power (Tu = 25 °C): 3700 VA Continuous output power: 3300 VA η...
  • Page 185 Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions Harmonic distortion in output voltage: < 3 % (with K < 2 %, P > 0.5 P Ugrid ACnom Overload capacity: as described in Chapter 2.1.4 Switching time grid/inverter operation: active: approx. 0 sec.
  • Page 186 Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions Dimensions (width x height x depth): 510 x 560 x 270 mm Weight: approx. 45 kg Ambient conditions Ambient temperature range (permissible): -25 C to +45 Relative humidity (permissible): 0 ... 93 %, non-condensing Limit curves of relays (accessories) Fig.

  • Page 187: Servicing And Maintenance

    Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions 14 Servicing and Maintenance The Sunny Island was designed as a robust device which requires extremely little servicing. A few standard servicing tasks have to be fulfilled which can be easily combined with servicing of other components in the island grid (lead storage battery, diesel generator etc.).
  • Page 188 Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions Connections Annually check the incoming cables including the terminal area of the Sunny Island for any visible damage and loosened mechanical connections. Apart from visual in- spections, any intervention in the terminal area always has to be performed by a qualified technician (see safety instructions in Chapter 1.3)!
  • Page 189 Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions User interface, display The user interface can best be cleaned with a soft moistened cloth. Cleaning agents containing solvents or abrasives may not be used! Avoid unintentionally touching the membrane keys during cleaning...

  • Page 190: Warranty And Liability Regulations

    SMA will decide whether it will repair the device in its works without invoicing material and labor costs or deliver a replacement device. The rejected device is to be returned to SMA in the original packing or in a transport packing of equal quality free of charge.
  • Page 191 Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions Exclusion of Liability The above rights held by the customer and any liability by SMA are excluded in case of damages due to • transportation damages, • improper installation or commissioning, • improper alterations, modification or repairing attempts, •...

  • Page 192: Parameters (Overview)

    Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions 16 Parameters (Overview) The system parameters can only be displayed and changed after the installer pass- word has been entered. The following overview is meant primarily as a reference list for set-up of parameters via one of the interfaces of the Sunny Island. Therefore the names of parameters are not always exactly the same as those shown on the Sunny Island display.
  • Page 193 Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions each parameter an indication is given which steps have at least to be taken to let a changed setting become operative ((A), (B), (C), …). • (A): The setting will take effect immediately after pressing [ ENTER ].
  • Page 194 Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions „PARALL“ (3+9) Parameter Unit Min. Max. Default Description 308_Start-Stop Can also be set in Menu “START” (2-1), thus, it cannot be found in the PARSYS-Menu 0: Reserved 1: Start: Starts the Sunny Island...
  • Page 195 Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions „PARALL“ (3+9) Parameter Unit Min. Max. Default Description 317_COM2 Baud Baud rate COM2 (bits/s) 2: 1200 5: 9600 6: 19200 For communication to Sunny Boys or Sunny Boy Controls: set to 1200. 401_Phase Mode...
  • Page 196 Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions „PARALL“ (3+9) Parameter Unit Min. Max. Default Description 405_Uext min Lower limit for AC voltage 406_Uext max Upper limit for AC voltage 407_Fext nom 50 (60) Nominal AC frequency, Sunny Island is in “grid- tied”...
  • Page 197 Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions „PARALL“ (3+9) Parameter Unit Min. Max. Default Description 424_Ps3on 0,00 Relates to two/three Sunny Island in parallel con- figurations (see Chapter 11.6.1): If the cumulative load on all Sunny Islands raises above this value,...
  • Page 198 Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions „PARALL“ (3+9) Parameter Unit Min. Max. Default Description 508_Tbat Sense Battery temperature sensor installed 0: Not installed 1: Installed Automatically set to 1 in single-phase systems or masters in three-phase systems; in all other cases set to 0.
  • Page 199 Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions „PARALL“ (3+9) Parameter Unit Min. Max. Default Description 529_tcharge equal Charging time for equalizing charge (for lead-acid batteries, see also “502_Bat Type“) (A*) 530_Ucharge 2,25 2,59 2,54 Charging voltage for normal charge per cell (for lead-acid batteries, see also “502_Bat Type“)
  • Page 200 Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions „PARALL“ (3+9) Parameter Unit Min. Max. Default Description 535_State StopT In case of deep-cycle discharge the device will switch off to reduce strain on the battery, if no charging current of a minimum of 1 A flows into the battery for more than 5 minutes within the defined time period (see also “533_Stdby t beg”,...
  • Page 201 Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions „PARALL“ (3+9) Parameter Unit Min. Max. Default Description 601_GenSet Oper 0: Auto: The generator is automatically started and stopped by the Sunny Island. 1: Man. Start: The generator is immediately* started. 2: Man. Stop: The generator is immediately* stopped.
  • Page 202 Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions „PARALL“ (3+9) Parameter Unit Min. Max. Default Description 11: DroopMains The Sunny Island is operated to- gether with an utility in droop mode. 12: DrpGenMains The Sunny Island is oper- ated together with a generator capable of droop characteristic- sand an untility in droop mode.
  • Page 203 Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions „PARALL“ (3+9) Parameter Unit Min. Max. Default Description 607_Igen max Max. generator current (per phase), only applies if “604_GenSet Ctrl” is set accordingly 608_tGen switch msec -40 Time to compensate the tripping time of the Sunny Island’s contactor (SIBPRETR).
  • Page 204 Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions „PARALL“ (3+9) Parameter Unit Min. Max. Default Description 625_PldL GenOn -100 Switch-on threshold in % of the nominal power at one phase for the power-related generator start or the power-related relais (only K5 or K6). If the re- lays shall be switched in relation to the power, the parameters “705_Man K5”...
  • Page 205 Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions „PARALL“ (3+9) Parameter Unit Min. Max. Default Description 633_PConsMin 2000 1000 Lower limit for the load power (cumulative power averaged over all three phases within the time pe- riod of the parameter “630_TavgLdSum“), that has...
  • Page 206 Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions „PARALL“ (3+9) Parameter Unit Min. Max. Default Description 647_ClustMode 0: Off: No special funcion is assigned to this Sunny Island 1: SupMstr: Sunny Island is the “Super Master” that is in charge of con-...
  • Page 207 Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions „PARALL“ (3+9) Parameter Unit Min. Max. Default Description 705_Man K5 Operating mode of relay K5 0: OFF: Switch relay K5 off 1: ON: Switch relay K5 on 2: AUTO: Sunny Island automatically controls relay K5.
  • Page 208 Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions „PARALL“ (3+9) Parameter Unit Min. Max. Default Description operation. 8: SYNC_HDTK: Relay is switched during any transfer from grid-tied to grid- forming operation or vice versa. 9: Reserved: 10: LOAD: Relay is switched in relation to...
  • Page 209 Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions „PARALL“ (3+9) Parameter Unit Min. Max. Default Description 713_K1 Off t1 When this battery state is reached, K1 is switched off. 0: L4 deep-cycle discharge 1: L3 2: L2 3: L1 4: N4...
  • Page 210 Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions „PARALL“ (3+9) Parameter Unit Min. Max. Default Description 725_K3 Off t1 Switch-off threshold for K3 (see 713) 726_K3 On t2 Switch-on threshold for K3 in special period t2 (see 714) 727_K3 Off t2...
  • Page 211 Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions „PARALL“ (3+9) Parameter Unit Min. Max. Default Description 741_K6 t2 end End of special period t2 for K6 (see 711) 742_K6 On t1 Switch-on threshold for K6 (see 712) 743_K6 Off t1 Switch-off threshold for K6 (see 713)
  • Page 212 Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions „PARALL“ (3+9) Parameter Unit Min. Max. Default Description 757_K8 Off t2 Switch-off threshold for K8 in special period t2 (see 715) 801_Sunny Boys 0: Not installed: Sunny Island is not to control Sunny Boys.

  • Page 213: Measured Values Displayed (Overview)

    Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions 17 Measured Values Displayed (Overview) Name Unit Min. Max. Default Description “DATSYS” (1-1) Serial number Vers: Firmware versions of BFR and DSP Operating hour meter Name Unit Min. Max. Default Description “DATALL” (1-2), Passwort-Level: 1...
  • Page 214 Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions Name Unit Min. Max. Default Description If an “ecopower Mini-BHKW” is installed, this equals the sum of the Sunny Island’s power and the power of the CHP unit, as received from by the Sunny Island on its COM3 port.
  • Page 215 Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions Name Unit Min. Max. Default Description GenFail Generator failure state 0: none no failure 1: F_crank failure during cranking 2: F_warm failure during warming up 3: F_Run failure in operation 4: F_Runlim limitation violation of generator...
  • Page 216 Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions Name Unit Min. Max. Default Description SOC diff RSK Estimated error of “SOC RSK” Cbat act 10000 Current battery capacity SOC diff AHB Error of state of charge for full charge calibration Qdn full...
  • Page 217 Sunny Island 4500 Installation & Operating Instructions Name Unit Min. Max. Default Description Uchrg act Setpoint value of battery voltage Ibat mean -150 Mean value of battery current Ibat Sum -320 Sum of battery current SI (three phases) Tbat mean...
  • Page 218 If an “ecopower Mini-BHKW” is installed, this equals the sum of the Sunny Island’s power and the power of the CHP unit, as received from by the Sunny Island on its COM3 port. - 216 - BWRI45-13:EE0304 SMA Regelsysteme GmbH...

  • Page 219: Error And Status Signals

    Internal Error Exceeding of limit values (AC side) A0031 A0032- Violation of plausibility limits of internal meas- Internal Error A0037 ured values A0038 Internal Error DSP timeout A0039 Overtemp Battery Battery temperature rise (parameter) - 217 - BWRI45-13:EE0304 SMA Regelsysteme GmbH...
  • Page 220 Energy was refed into the generator A0053 Sync signal failed DSP Sync signal failed Communication error in interconnection mode A0054 SI Communication error (COM1) A0055 Slave Errors One of the slaves announces error Table 18.1: Error signals - 218 - BWRI45-13:EE0304 SMA Regelsysteme GmbH...

  • Page 221: Status Signals ("Events")

    Battery state L1 has been reached E0031 Bat N4 Battery state N4 has been reached E0032 Bat N3 Battery state N3 has been reached E0033 Bat N2 Battery state N2 has been reached - 219 - BWRI45-13:EE0304 SMA Regelsysteme GmbH...
  • Page 222 Acknowledgement of failures, overwriting waiting time – as the E0064 Genset Man Ackn case may be the generator will be stopped immediately - 220 - BWRI45-13:EE0304 SMA Regelsysteme GmbH...
  • Page 223 Reverse current into mains detected E0073 Low Batt Mode 1 First level of low battery load mode is active E0074 Low Batt Mode 2 Second level of low battery load mode is active Table 18.2: Status signals - 221 - BWRI45-13:EE0304 SMA Regelsysteme GmbH...

  • Page 224: Declaration Of Conformity

    DIN EN 50081, part 1 DIN EN 50082, part 1 DIN EN 50178 (04.98) (VDE 0160) DIN EN 61000-3-2 in charging operation Niestetal, 3.November 2003 SMA Regelsysteme GmbH i.V. Mike Meinhardt (Head of Island Grid Components Development) - 222 - BWRI45-13:EE0304...

  • Page 225: Contact

    Sunny Island Installation and Operating Instructions 20 Contact SMA Regelsysteme GmbH Hannoversche Straße 1 – 5 34266 Niestetal Germany Tel.: +49 561 95 22 499 Fax: +49 561 95 22 4609 E-mail: hotline@sma.de Internet: http://www.sma.de - 223 - BWRI45-13:EE0304 SMA Regelsysteme GmbH...

  • Page 226: List Of Figures

    Fig. 3.15: Example of an accelerated switch-over (generator and utility) ....58 Fig. 3.16: Connection of a battery room fan and electrolyte pump ......59 Fig. 3.17: Connection of an additional load (“dump load“) .........60 Fig. 3.18: Connection to an „ecopower Mini-BHKW“ ..........61 - 224 - BWRI45-13:EE0304 SMA Regelsysteme GmbH...
  • Page 227 Fig. 7.5: Menu “FUNCT“ (2+3) .................104 Fig. 7.6: Update information display.................105 Fig. 7.7: Menu „BHKW“ (2+5) ..................105 Fig. 8.1: Menu selection “SETUP“ (0-3) ..............107 Fig. 8.2: Menu branch “SETUP“ (0-3) ..............108 Fig. 8.3: Menu “SETTIM“ (3-1) .................108 - 225 - BWRI45-13:EE0304 SMA Regelsysteme GmbH...
  • Page 228 Fig. 9.8: Menu “DATGRD“ (1+4) ................138 Fig. 10.1: Menu selection “DIAG“ (0-4) ..............140 Fig. 10.2: Menu branch “DIAG“ ................141 Fig. 10.3: Menu “ACKN“ (4-1) ..................142 Fig. 10.4: Menu “HISTOR“ (4-2)................142 Fig. 10.5: Menu “ERRHIS“ (4-3)................143 - 226 - BWRI45-13:EE0304 SMA Regelsysteme GmbH...
  • Page 229 Fig. 12.3: Single-phase island system with generator “type 2“ ........177 Fig. 12.4: Single-phase island system with generator “type 3“ ........178 Fig. 12.5: External charging of the battery by an auxiliary generator.......180 Fig. 13.1: Limit curves of relays ................184 - 227 - BWRI45-13:EE0304 SMA Regelsysteme GmbH...

  • Page 230: List Of Tables

    Table 9.3: Menu “DATALL“ (1-2), password level: 0..........135 Table 9.4: Menu “DATBAT“ (1+3) ................137 Table 9.5: Menu “DATGRD“ (1+4) ................139 Table 10.1: Displayed menu selection “DIAG“ (0-4) ..........141 Table 18.1: Error signals ..................218 Table 18.2: Status signals..................221 - 228 - BWRI45-13:EE0304 SMA Regelsysteme GmbH...

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