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MANUAL FLASH (M)
• See the tables on pages 38 to 43 for the aperture and power level
needed to obtain a proper exposure. The flash-ready lamp
blink on the control panel after the photo is taken.
• The size of the step on the manual-flash-control dials can be changed
from full-stop increments to half-stop increments by adjusting the cus-
tom settings. See page 52.
Selecting Apertures and Power Level - Manual Flash -
• The tables beginning on the next page show values for ISO 100
speed film without the wide-angle adapter or diffuser. For other ISO
film speeds, or for the use of the wide-angle adapter or diffuser, adjust
the aperture settings according to the table on page 43. When using
the twin flash, the data assumes that the power lever is the same for
both units. If they are set at different power levels, see page 42.
• The aperture values given in the tables are calculated values; the
actual lens will have its own usable aperture range.
Example: using an AF 50mm f/2.8 Macro lens with a pair of twin flash
units with no arm, power level of 1/1, and a magnification ratio of 1:1,
the aperture is calculated at f/90 (bold type in the table, page 39).
However, the smallest actual aperture possible with this lens is f/32.
Therefore, if you set the power level to 1/1, the picture will be overex-
posed. But, if you set the power level to 1/8, you will get a correct
exposure at f/32 (italic type in the table, page 39).
• These tables show the apertures where the proper exposure of the
illuminated area is obtained. Actual exposure varies according to the
subject's shape or position. Test photographs or bracketing is recom-
mended especially when the subject is illuminated from side or
behind.
• The following tables show data for certain lenses and magnification
ratios. For other lenses and magnification ratios, see pages 61 and
63.
38
AF 50mm f/2.8 Macro (Lens aperture range: f/2.8 - f/32)
will not
AF 50mm f/3.5 Macro (Lens aperture range: f/3.5 - f/32)
Magnification Ratio
Ring flash
(1 ~ 4 lamps)
Use aperture values inside ( ) when only one twin flash unit is used.
1:1
1:1.5
1:2
Power level
1/1
90 (64)
128 (90)
180 (128)
1/2
64 (45)
90 (64)
128 (90)
1/4
45 (32)
64 (45)
90 (64)
1/8
32 (22)
45 (32)
64 (45)
1/16
22 (16)
32 (22)
45 (32)
1/32
16 (11)
22 (16)
32 (22)
1/64
11 (8)
16 (11)
22 (16)
1/1
54 (38)
64 (45)
90 (64)
1/2
38 (27)
45 (32)
64 (45)
1/4
27 (19)
32 (22)
45 (32)
1/8
19 (13)
22 (16)
32 (22)
1/16
13 (9.5)
16 (11)
22 (16)
1/32
9.5 (6.7)
11 (8)
16 (11)
1/64
6.7 (4.5)
8 (5.6)
11 (8)
1/1
32 (22)
32 (22)
45 (32)
1/2
22 (16)
22 (16)
32 (22)
1/4
16 (11)
16 (11)
22 (16)
1/8
11 (8)
11 (8)
16 (11)
1/16
8 (5.6)
8 (5.6)
11 (8)
1/32
5.6 (4)
5.6 (4)
8 (5.6)
1/64
4 (2.8)
4 (2.8)
5.6 (4)
1/1
64
76
76
1/2
45
54
54
1/4
32
38
38
1/8
22
27
27
1/16
16
19
19
1/32
11
13
13
1/64
8
9.5
9.5
1:3
1:4
128 (90)
108 (76)
90 (64)
76 (54)
64 (45)
54 (38)
45 (32)
38 (27)
32 (22)
27 (19)
22 (16)
19 (13)
16 (11)
13 (9.5)
90 (64)
108 (76)
64 (45)
76 (54)
45 (32)
54 (38)
32 (22)
38 (27)
22 (16)
27 (19)
16 (11)
19 (13)
11 (8)
13 (9.5)
54 (38)
64 (45)
38 (27)
45 (32)
27 (19)
32 (22)
19 (13)
22 (16)
13 (9.5)
16 (11)
9.5 (6.7)
11 (8)
6.7 (4.5)
8 (5.6)
54
45
38
32
27
22
19
16
13
11
9.5
8
6.7
5.6
39
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