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Explanations
Digital Connections
Standards for Digital Input/Output
The M-1000 conforms to the "IEC60958," "IEC 958" (input and output using a fixed
consumer format), and "EIAJ-CP-1201" (consumer format) standards for digital
input and output.
Word Clock and Sampling Frequency
When analog audio signals are converted into digital audio signals, the analog
signals are sampled at extremely short intervals of time, and those samples are
converted into a digital signal. The sampling frequency indicates how many times
this process is performed each second. The finer the divisions of time, the more
precise the conversion becomes.
In order to attain a high level of precision in the processing of digital audio signals
between multiple devices, these time segments must be synchronized. The signal
transmitted to achieve this is known as "word clock."
When synchronizing, all the connected devices shall be specified as Word Clock
Master or Word Clock Slave (to control or to be controlled). In case you are using M-
1000 as Word Clock Slave (to be controlled), you need to specify the CLOCK SOURCE.
Word clock is transmitted via a different route (the [WORD CLOCK] connector) than
the audio signals, and all of the devices are synchronized to a single word clock. This
is used when synchronizing three or more devices.
WORD CLOCK [75 ] and [THRU]
Example of synchronizing 3 units of M-1000
slave
C
termination
slave
C
termination
[75 ] ON/OFF (Termination ON/OFF)
When the M-1000 is connected as the terminus of a word clock connection,
termination is used (75 :ON). The resistance is 75 ohms, the same as that of the word
clock cable, and the signals are terminated.
If termination is not done correctly, it can disrupt the word clock signal's waveform,
causing distortion and noise in the sound. You only need to terminate the last device
in the chain.
16
slave
B
Clock signal passes through
The units A, B and C will be
synchronized in exact timing.
slave
B
Re-create clock signal
The clock signal used for
syncronizaton of B unit will come
out to C unit. The lag between A-
C will be greater but the decline
of signal to C unit will be smaller.
master
A
master
A
IEC:
International Electrotechnical
Commission
EIAJ:
Electronic Industries
Association of Japan
The word clock signal
includes a high-frequency
component. When relaying
such signals, a measure
known as "termination"
needs to be used, in order
to prevent signals from
being reflected by both
ends of the cable.
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