Reference; Glossary - Panasonic Diga DMR-ES35V Operating Instructions Manual

Reference

Glossary

Bitstream
This is a signal compressed and converted into digital form. It is converted
back to a multi-channel audio signal, e.g., 5.1-channel, by a decoder.
Component video output
Component signal outputs the colour difference signals (P
luminance signal (Y) separately in order to achieve high fidelity in
reproducing colours. If the television is compatible with progressive output,
a high quality picture can be output because this unit's component video
output terminal outputs a progressive output signal.
CPRM (Content Protection for Recordable Media)
CPRM is technology used to protect broadcasts that are allowed to be
recorded only once. Such broadcasts can be recorded only with CPRM
compatible recorders and discs.
Decoder
A decoder restores the coded audio signals on DVDs to the state they
were before being encoded.
DivX
DivX is a popular media technology created by DivX, Inc. DivX media files
contain highly compressed video with high visual quality that maintains a
relatively small file size.
Dolby Digital
This is a method of coding digital signals developed by Dolby
Laboratories. Apart from stereo (2-channel) audio, these signals can also
be multi-channel audio. A large amount of audio information can be
recorded on one disc using this method.
Down-mixing
This is the process of remixing the multi-channel audio found on some
discs into two channels. It is useful when you want to listen to the 5.1-
channel audio recorded on DVDs through your TV's speakers. Some discs
prohibit down-mixing. If this is the case, this unit can only output the front
two channels.
DTS (Digital Theater System)
This surround system is used in many movie theaters. There is good
separation between the channels so realistic sound effects are possible.
Dynamic range
Dynamic range is the difference between the lowest level of sound that
can be heard above the noise of the equipment and the highest level of
sound before distortion occurs. Dynamic range compression means
reducing the gap between the loudest and softest sounds. This means you
can hear the dialogue clearly at low volume.
Film and Video
DVD-Videos are recorded using either film or video. The unit can
determine which type has been used, then uses the most suitable method
of progressive output.
For PAL
≥Film is 25 frames per second.
≥Video is 50 fields per second (2 fields making up 1 frame).
For NTSC
≥Film is 24 or 30 frames per second, with motion picture film generally
being 24 frames per second.
≥Video is 60 fields per second (2 fields making up 1 frame).
Finalize
A process that makes play of a recorded CD-R, CD-RW, DVD-R, etc.
possible on equipment that can play such media. You can finalize DVD-R,
DVD-R DL, DVD-RW (DVD-Video format), +R and +R DL on the unit. After
finalizing, the disc becomes play-only and you can no longer record or edit.
However, finalized DVD-RW can be formatted to become recordable.
Formatting
Formatting is the process of making media such as DVD-RAM recordable
on recording equipment.
You can format DVD-RAM, DVD-RW (only as DVD-Video format), +R,
+R DL and +RW on the unit.
Formatting irrevocably deletes all contents on the disc.
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Frame and field
A Frame is a single image on the TV. Each frame consists of 2 fields.
Frame
/P ) and
B R
≥A still frame shows 2 fields, so there may be some blurring between
them, but picture quality is generally better.
≥A still field shows less picture information so it may be rougher, but there
is no blurring.
JPEG (Joint Photographic Experts Group)
This is a system used for compressing/decoding colour still pictures. If you
select JPEG as the storage system on digital cameras, etc., the data will
be compressed to 1/10–1/100 of its original size. The benefit of JPEG is
less deterioration in picture quality considering the degree of compression.
MP3 (MPEG Audio Layer 3)
A method that compresses audio to approximately a tenth of its size
without any considerable loss to audio quality. You can play MP3s that you
have recorded onto CD-R and CD-RW.
Pan & Scan/Letterbox
In general, DVD-Videos are produced with the intention that they will be
viewed on a widescreen TV (16:9 aspect ratio), so images often do not fit
regular TVs (4:3 aspect ratio). 2 styles of picture, "Pan & Scan" and
"Letterbox", deal with this problem.
Pan & Scan:
Letterbox:
Playback control (PBC)
If a Video CD has playback control, you can select scenes and information
with menus displayed on the screen.
(The unit is compatible with version 2.0 and 1.1.)
Progressive/Interlace
The PAL video signal standard has 576 (or 625) interlaced (i) scan lines,
whereas progressive scanning, called 576p (or 625p), uses twice the
number of scan lines. For the NTSC standard, these are called 480i (or
525i) and 480p (or 525p) respectively.
Using progressive output, you can enjoy the high-resolution video
recorded on media such as DVD-Video.
Your television must be compatible to enjoy progressive video.
Panasonic televisions with 576 (625)/50i · 50p, 480 (525)/60i · 60p input
terminals are progressive compatible.
Protection
You can prevent accidental erasure by setting write-protection or erasure
protection.
Sampling frequency
Sampling is the process of converting the heights of sound wave
(analogue signal) samples taken at set periods into digits (digital
encoding). Sampling frequency is the number of samples taken per
second, so larger numbers mean more faithful reproduction of the original
sound.
Thumbnail
This refers to a miniature representation of a picture used to display
multiple pictures in the form of a list.
TIFF (Tag Image File Format)
This is a still picture data standard. A common format for storing high
quality images on digital cameras and other devices.
Field
= +
The sides are cut off so the picture fills the screen.
Black bands appear at the top and bottom of the picture so
the picture itself appears in an aspect ratio of 16:9.
Field