1. Manuals
  2. Brands
  3. Sequoia Manuals
  4. Measuring Instruments
  5. LISST-Deep
  6. User manual

Sequoia LISST-Deep User Manual

Particle size analyzer
Hide thumbs Also See for LISST-Deep:
Table of Contents

Advertisement

Quick Links

Download this manual
LISST-Deep
Particle Size Analyzer
User's Manual
December, 2022
2700 Richards Road, Suite 107
Bellevue, WA 98005-4200
+1 (855) 753-3313

Advertisement

Table of Contents
loading
Need help?

Need help?

Do you have a question about the LISST-Deep and is the answer not in the manual?

Questions and answers

Related Manuals for Sequoia LISST-Deep

Summary of Contents for Sequoia LISST-Deep

  • Page 1 LISST-Deep Particle Size Analyzer User’s Manual December, 2022 2700 Richards Road, Suite 107 Bellevue, WA 98005-4200 +1 (855) 753-3313...
  • Page 3 © This document is copyrighted by SEQUOIA SCIENTFIC, INC.
  • Page 5 Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment Smaltimento di apparecchiature elettriche ed elettroniche da rottamare...
  • Page 7 Welcome to the LISST-Deep Particle Size Analyzer Using this manual This manual is divided into two sections. Section One contains an introduction to the LISST-Deep instrument and the principles of its operation. Section Two provides a detailed set of instructions for using and caring for the instrument.

  • Page 9: Table Of Contents

    APPENDIX B: SIZE RANGES, ANGLE RANGES AND DATA STORAGE FORMAT ......80 APPENDIX C: CONNECTOR PINOUTS FOR LISST-DEEP ..............87 APPENDIX D: LISST-SOP SOFTWARE BUTTON DESCRIPTION ............ 90 APPENDIX E: COMPARISON OF LISST-100X AND LISST-DEEP ............ 92 REVISION HISTORY ..........................93...

  • Page 11: Section 1: Introduction To The Lisst-Deep

    Laser In-Situ Scattering and Transmissometry. LISST is a Trademark of Sequoia Scientific, Inc. The LISST-Deep instrument uses the technique of laser diffraction to obtain particle size-distribution (PSD), also called volume distribution in this manual. This section describes the principle of operation of your instrument.
  • Page 12 The LISST-Deep records the scattering intensity over a range of small angles using a specially constructed multi-ring detector shown in the graphic above. This measurement is also known to optical scientists as the volume scattering function and can be used as such for studies of underwater image propagation and beam spread.
  • Page 13 If the measurements E are consistent with E , the estimates of N can be considered good. Included with the LISST-Deep instrument, we have provided software that obtains the inverted volume distribution N . We have also provided the matrix K for your instrument (in ASCII and ...
  • Page 14 LISST-Deep User’s Guide...

  • Page 15: General Description Of The Lisst-Deep

    General Description of the LISST-Deep The LISST-Deep instrument is a laser diffraction device. It consists of optics for producing a collimated laser beam, a specially constructed detector array, electronics for signal pre-amplification and processing, a data storage and scheduling computer, and a small battery system.
  • Page 16 Connector end cap. Both values are stored automatically in the standard-format LISST-Deep datafile. External The LISST-Deep is also equipped with an external port for Sync/Power Port connecting the instrument to a SeaBird CTD Auxiliary input port. The LISST-Deep can obtain power from this port and...
  • Page 17 LISST-Deep User’s Guide...
  • Page 18 LISST-Deep User’s Guide...

  • Page 19: Section 2: Operation

    Following the Getting Started section are detailed instructions for performing various procedures. General LISST-Deep is a sensitive optical instrument. Please handle Precautions it gently. Critical alignments may be disturbed if the instrument is subjected to shock or rough handling.
  • Page 20 LISST-Deep User’s Guide...

  • Page 21: Getting Started

    Getting Started This section is designed to give the user a quick introduction to the operating procedures for the LISST-Deep. It gives step by step instructions to unpack, load software, and acquire data in the lab. Following the introduction are details on each step of the process.
  • Page 22 Remove the LISST-Deep from the case shipping case. and set it on the stands. The LISST-Deep has two distinct ends that we will refer to as the Optics endcap and the Connector endcap. The connector endcap has three underwater connectors that are used for communication, external power, and connecting to optional CTD interface.
  • Page 23 Because the LISST-Deep it typically used in very clean water applications it is very important that water that is as particle free as possible be used for obtaining clean water backgrounds. Step 5: Install At this point instrument is ready to go. Install the software that is the provided required for operation of the instrument.
  • Page 24 Step 8: Apply The LISST-Deep instrument does not have any internal batteries, Power to the so before we can talk to the instrument we need to power it up. LISST-Deep Connect the communication cable to the 5-pin connector on the...
  • Page 25 L100X:> prompt should show. If not, check the serial port settings by selecting Serial Port Settings from the Communication menu. The default settings are COM1, 9600 baud, 8 data bits, No parity, 1 stop bit, and no protocol. LISST-Deep User’s Guide...
  • Page 26 Step 9: Intro to The datalogger inside the LISST-Deep is similar to the one in the the Datalogger LISST-100X instruments. The datalogger of the LISST-Deep uses removable Compact Flash cards. The LISST-Deep comes standard with a 1Gb card. During sampling, raw data are stored onto the flash card.
  • Page 27 Step 12: Setting By selecting the Operating Mode Tab at the top of the main Operating Mode window the screen below appears. This screen is used to set the type of sampling; RealTime, Burst, or Fixed Sample Rate. You LISST-Deep User’s Guide...
  • Page 28 After selecting the Operating mode the start and stop conditions Start Conditions can be selected. Click the Start Condition tab to open up the Start Condition window, shown below, which is used to select the mode in which sampling will be started. LISST-Deep User’s Guide...
  • Page 29 There are five options displayed: Depth, Time, External Mechanical Switch, External Digital Input, and Time Delay. Since the LISST-Deep uses the same software as the standard LISST- 100X there are some Start Conditions displayed that are not available on the LISST-Deep. The Start Conditions available on the LISST-Deep are Depth, Time, Switch, and Delay.
  • Page 30 Press the OK button to complete the configuration. A prompt appear that says “Instrument is now configured but not started. Do Starting the Data Collection you wish to start the Instrument?” You can also choose to open the Terminal window by selecting the check box. LISST-Deep User’s Guide...
  • Page 31 If you click Yes, and then disconnect the external power the instrument will NOT sample, even if you reconnect the external power. To ensure that the LISST-Deep recalls the programmed settings and starts when external power is re-applied, you MUST follow steps 17 and 18 below!!
  • Page 32 Enter 1 and click the Send button to confirm, as shown below. In the terminal window, type SD (which stands for “save defaults”). Step 18: Saving the Settings The current start and stop conditions, sampling mode, sampling frequency etc. for the LISST-Deep firmware will be listed. LISST-Deep User’s Guide...
  • Page 33 If you wish to save the current settings as the default for the firmware, type 1 at the command line and click the Send button to save the current settings, as displayed below. LISST-Deep User’s Guide...
  • Page 34 The LISST-Deep will now start the the sampling program every time the power is applied, and start checking if the start condition has been met. If it has, sampling will begin. Step 19: How to If the instrument is programmed, and connected to external power,...
  • Page 35 The data is offloaded at 115K baud by default. When using a cable longer than a few meters it may be necessary to reduce the transfer baud rate. The File Download Baud Rate can be changed on the LISST-Deep User’s Guide...
  • Page 36 Datafile or press the Open button on the toolbar. Select the instrument serial number, raw data file to open, and background scatter file to use when processing the data. A display similar to the one shown below will appear: LISST-Deep User’s Guide...
  • Page 37 When the last frame is reached the movie display will stop. Use the First button to return to the first sample and press the Timer Off button to restart the display. LISST-Deep User’s Guide...
  • Page 38 To view the value of the auxiliary parameters, such as time and depth, select the View Auxiliary Parameter Frame from the DataFrames menu. A display similar to the one below will appear showing the calibrated values. LISST-Deep User’s Guide...
  • Page 39 Choose an output PSD file. A display very similar to the View Processed datafile will be displayed. Use the Timer button to start and stop data collection. The slider bar controls the data acquisition time. LISST-Deep User’s Guide...
  • Page 40 However, it is not available when viewing a processed Size Distribution file. The above steps are meant to give a brief introduction to most of the procedures that are required to operate the LISST-Deep. Most of these steps are covered in detailed Step-by-Step instructions in the following sections.

  • Page 41: Step By Step Procedures

    Configuring Data Collection The LISST-SOP software allows the user to program the instrument with a number of start and stop conditions. This step-by-step procedure lists the available options and the unique features of each. LISST-Deep User’s Guide...

  • Page 42: Step By Step Procedure: Record And Store Background Scatterfile

    Wrap the sheet around the LISST-Deep and clamp it on as shown in the picture below. • Fill with clean filtered water. The water can be deionized water, milli-Q water, steam-distilled water, or water from the water cooler.
  • Page 43 High values on the inner rings combined with a lower Laser power value can also be an indication of optical misalignment. Notes LISST-Deep User’s Guide...

  • Page 44: Step By Step Procedure: Offloading/Deleting Data Files

    Browse button to select a new path. The files names will remain the same as on the compact flash. The file creation date and time will not be preserved. Press OK to begin the offloading. LISST-Deep User’s Guide...
  • Page 45 Wildcards such as *.* or L*.dat can also be used WARNING Once a file has been deleted there is no way to recover the data. Make sure that the file has been properly offloaded before deleting any files. LISST-Deep User’s Guide...
  • Page 46 LISST-Deep User’s Guide...

  • Page 47: Step By Step Procedure: Processing Raw Data

    • The LOG file is a space delimited ASCII file containing the raw data from the datalogger. • Select Open Raw Data File from the File menu Begins process of specifying raw data file and all information needed for data processing. LISST-Deep User’s Guide...
  • Page 48 PSD file must have been selected before starting the Open Raw Data file command. See step 2. • A display similar to the one shown below will Main data processing selection window displayed appear. to the screen. LISST-Deep User’s Guide...
  • Page 49 • The vertical cursor on the lower plot can be moved by clicking the mouse at the desired location. LISST-Deep User’s Guide...
  • Page 50 Value of rings for current frame displayed. displayed by selecting the View Rings command from the DataFrames menu. An example of this display is shown below. As with the Auxiliary Parameters, the vertical cursor indicates the sample currently displayed. LISST-Deep User’s Guide...
  • Page 51 After selecting the range to process press the Processing Completed Process File button. The display will show the processing progress and the Process File button text will change to Finished when the processing is complete. The window can now be closed. Notes LISST-Deep User’s Guide...

  • Page 52: Step By Step Procedure: View Processed Datafile

    • The Timer button will step through the datafile by updating the display at a fixed rate. The rate is set by the slider bar next to the Timer button. LISST-Deep User’s Guide...
  • Page 53 • Other options are also available for customizing the display such as changing the header and footer text or adding lines to show the mean and standard deviation. These features are located on the Display tab of the Settings window as shown below. LISST-Deep User’s Guide...
  • Page 54 • The current display can be sent to the printer by Display printed. choosing Print from the File menu. • Print Preview and Print Setup are also available. • When finished viewing the processed data close the Viewing of data complete. window. Notes LISST-Deep User’s Guide...
  • Page 55 LISST-Deep User’s Guide...

  • Page 56: Step By Step Procedure: Real-Time Data Collection

    NOTE: You should always check the ‘Build an ASCII Raw Data file (.LOG)’ when sampling in real time mode. Sequoia Customer Support needs the .LOG file in order to help you with data QC issues. We cannot use the .PSD or .ASC file for troubleshooting...
  • Page 57 • Other options are also available for customizing the display such as changing the header and footer text or adding lines to show the mean and standard deviation. These features are located on the Display tab of the Settings window as shown below. LISST-Deep User’s Guide...
  • Page 58 ASCII file. • When finished, close the main window to stop Finished and shutdown. communication with the LISST-Deep. CAUTION: The laser and Main power are on continuously while in the Real-Time Session. The program will stop and the power will be turned off when the window is closed.
  • Page 59 To start data collection again, press the Next button. The instrument will power up and store a sample. This will take more time that a normal sample. Once powered up the instrument will perform as usual. Notes LISST-Deep User’s Guide...

  • Page 60: Step By Step Procedure: Configuring Data Collection

    Displayed. • When first opening the Operating Modes window the LISST- SOP program will send a Ctrl-C to the LISST-Deep. If a program is running it will be stopped. This is required so that the LISST-SOP program can get the status information from the LISST-Deep.
  • Page 61 For example, when a Samples per Average value is entered, the minimum sample interval is computed. If this value is less than the minimum permitted the value will be changed to the minimum and the LISST-Deep User’s Guide...
  • Page 62 • There are five options displayed: Depth, Time, External Mechanical Switch, External Digital Input, and Time Delay. Since the LISST-Deep uses the same software as the standard LISST-100X there are some Start Conditions displayed that are not available on the LISST-Deep. The Start Conditions available on the LISST-Deep are Depth, Time, Switch, and Delay.
  • Page 63 • If the Start Condition and Stop Condition are both set to Depth, the instrument will return to waiting for the Start Depth condition. This is useful when doing multiple profiles. It eliminates the need to communicate with the instrument between profiles. LISST-Deep User’s Guide...
  • Page 64 Be sure to replace the connector cap before deployment. • Note that if you disconnect the external power after step 7, the LISST-Deep will stop sampling and NOT start again when external power is re-applied, unless steps 17-18 in the Getting Started section has been followed!! LISST-Deep User’s Guide...
  • Page 65 LISST-Deep User’s Guide...

  • Page 66: Instrument Communication

    Under most situations the LISST-SOP will be used to commands configure and operate the LISST-Deep. However, there are times when it is useful to be able to talk to the LISST-Deep at a lower level. For this purpose a set of two letter commands is available to operate the instrument.
  • Page 67 Depth Start: The built-in depth sensor of the LISST-Deep is used to check the current depth to determine if the desired start depth has been exceeded. The instrument is powered up and 5 measurements of the depth are averaged over a two-second period.
  • Page 68 Stop conditions have no effect on the Real-time sampling mode. The details of each condition are described below. Depth Stop: The built-in depth sensor of the LISST-Deep is used to check the current depth to determine if it is less than the desired Stop depth.
  • Page 69 • Magnet is mounted ON the instrument. • The internal switch is in the OFF position. • The instrument will STOP sampling if the switch stop has been selected. NOTE: External Digital Input Stop is not available on the LISST-Deep. LISST-Deep User’s Guide...

  • Page 70: Lisst-Deep Command Summary

    LISST-Deep Command Summary Display Commands Display current Disk Directory Display current status information Display Current Battery Voltage Display general help messages and command list Setup Commands OM x Set Operating mode. ST x Set Start Condition. TD x Set Start Condition Data...
  • Page 71 LISST-Deep User’s Guide...

  • Page 72: Lisst-Deep Command Details

    Syntax: DS or ds Description: The instrument settings and status are displayed to the screen. Example: input: DS output: LISST-Deep Current Status and Settings Serial number = 1004 Operating Mode: Burst Mode Start Condition: Time Start at 03/10/04 09:22:00 Stop Condition: Fixed Number Stop at 1 samples...
  • Page 73 Display general help messages and command list Syntax: HE or he Description: Displays the list of command to the screen. Example: input: HE output: LISST-Deep Commands (followed by 30 lines of text) Setup Commands Set Operating Mode Syntax: OM x or om x...
  • Page 74 The TD setting is ignored for Mechanical Switch Start (option 3) or Digital Input Start(option 4). If no value follows command, prompts will be displayed for the value. Example: input: TD 12/31/05 23:59:59 or TD 3600 LISST-Deep User’s Guide...
  • Page 75 Syntax: SC mm/dd/yy hh:mm:ss or st mm/dd/yy hh:mm:ss Where mm=month, dd=day, yy=year, hh=hour(24 format),mm=minute, ss=seconds If no values follow the “SC” or “sc” command, prompts for entering the time and date will be displayed. Example: input: SC 01/05/2001 21:05:03 LISST-Deep User’s Guide...
  • Page 76 Syntax: YS filename or ys filename where filename is the name of the file to be offloaded. Description: Offloads file from Compact Flash Module to PC using YMODEM offload at 115 Kbaud Example: Input: YS L1391205.dat Output: Starting… LISST-Deep User’s Guide...
  • Page 77 Output: Deep Sleep… Enter zz to wake up Deep Sleep… Enter zz to wake up Deep Sleep… Enter zz to wake up Cautions: The background scattering data and other settings are not affected by the ZZ command. LISST-Deep User’s Guide...

  • Page 78: Performance Optimization

    Performance Optimization This section contains information on optimizing the performance of the LISST-Deep. Background As was discussed in earlier sections, the LISST-Deep uses Scatterfile and a custom detector to measure light scattered at small angles from particles in water. In order to measure only the...
  • Page 79 The low concentration limit of LISST-Deep is very sensitive to the quality of the background scatterfile. For this reason, when working in near-surface or mid-depth water, it is very important that a good background file be obtained with very clean water.
  • Page 80 Optical The background scatterfile is the best source of information Alignment on the current health of the LISST-Deep. It provides information on the current functionality of all of the major systems including laser, ring detector, data collection electronics, and optical alignment.
  • Page 81 LISST-Deep User’s Guide...

  • Page 82: Instrument Mounting

    The first line of defense it to keep the window surface vertical by mounting the instrument horizontally. If the LISST-Deep is mounted vertically, so that the optical windows are horizontal, sediment and particles can easily accumulate on the windows of the instrument, because of the design of the pressure housing and optical path.
  • Page 83 LISST-Deep User’s Guide...

  • Page 84: Instrument Storage & Maintenance

    Instrument Storage & Maintenance Again it must be emphasized that the LISST-Deep is a sensitive instrument. When not in use, the instrument should be stored in a well- padded case. For longer storage (year or so), the communication cable should be disconnected.
  • Page 85 LISST-Deep User’s Guide...
  • Page 86 • Weight in water: 18.6 Kg (21 lb) • Depth rating: 3000 m (standard) • Connector Endcap screws: Socket head cap screws #10-24; 1 ½ ” long • Connector Endcap O-ring: Parker Part # 2-236 (radial) and #2-240 (face) Dimensions in inches [mm] LISST-Deep User’s Guide...
  • Page 87 LISST-Deep User’s Guide...

  • Page 88: Appendix A: Instrument Specific Documentation

    These constants are entered at the factory to be resident in the instrument firmware. Parameter Number Parameter Multiplier Offset Parameter 1 Battery Volts Parameter 2 Depth Parameter 3 Temperature Instrument Reference Data Ring Values 1-5 (counts) Laser Transmitted Power (counts): Laser Reference Power (counts): Verified By: LISST-Deep User’s Guide...
  • Page 89 LISST-Deep User’s Guide...

  • Page 90: Appendix B: Size Ranges, Angle Ranges And Data Storage Format

    29.1 26.7 49.2 58.1 53.5 29.1 34.3 31.6 58.1 68.6 63.1 34.3 40.5 37.2 68.6 80.9 74.5 40.5 47.7 43.9 80.9 95.5 87.9 47.7 56.3 51.9 95.5 56.3 66.5 61.2 66.5 78.4 72.2 78.4 92.6 85.2 92.6 LISST-Deep User’s Guide...
  • Page 91 LISST-Deep User’s Guide...
  • Page 92 44.2 52.2 48.0 27.4 32.4 29.8 52.2 61.6 56.7 32.4 38.2 35.2 61.6 72.7 66.9 38.2 45.1 41.5 72.7 85.7 78.9 45.1 53.2 49.0 85.7 93.1 53.2 62.8 57.8 62.8 74.1 68.2 74.1 87.4 80.5 87.4 94.9 LISST-Deep User’s Guide...
  • Page 93 The following lines of code in MATLAB will compute the lower, upper and median size in microns of each bin for both instrument types. See also this article on Sequoia’s homepage: http://www.sequoiasci.com/Articles/ArticlePage.aspx?pageid=150 rho=200^(1/32); x = 1.25; %lower limit for first size range for type B, spherical particles x = 2.50;...
  • Page 94 Angles (in Degrees) for the VSF measurement in air are Angles in air shown in the table below. See also Sequoia’s homepage: http://www.sequoiasci.com/Articles/ArticlePage.aspx?pageId= Type B Type C Ring # Size bin Lower Upper Median Lower Upper Median 0.100 0.118 0.109 0.050...
  • Page 95 Angles (in Degrees) for the VSF measurement in water are Angles in water shown in the table below. See also Sequoia’s homepage: http://www.sequoiasci.com/Articles/ArticlePage.aspx?pageId= Type B Type C Ring # Size bin Lower Upper Median Lower Upper Median 0.075 0.089 0.082 0.038...
  • Page 96 Laser Reference sensor in calibrated units [mW] Pressure in calibrated units [m] Temperature in calibrated units [C] (Day*100 + Hour) at which data taken (Minutes*100 + Seconds) at which data taken Computed optical transmission over path Beam-attenuation (c) [m LISST-Deep User’s Guide...

  • Page 97: Appendix C: Connector Pinouts For Lisst-Deep

    Appendix C: Connector Pinouts for LISST-Deep The LISST-Deep has 3 separate underwater connectors on the Connector Endcap and one on the Laser Endcap. The Connector endcap has a 5-pin, and two styles of 6-pin connectors. The Laser EndCap has a single 6-pin connector, a stainless steel fitting for the depth sensor, and a zinc anode for corrosion protection.
  • Page 98 Connector Manufacturer: Impulse Enterprise, Inc. San Diego, CA, USA Connector Part Number (Bulkhead): MCBH(WB)-6-MP Stainless Steel Mating Cable Part Number: MCIL-6-FS Connector Pin # +5V Serial to datalogger +5V Serial from datalogger Ground Power Out in from Main Electronics (9-12V) Ground LISST-Deep User’s Guide...
  • Page 99 CTD Connector (6 pin connector) The LISST-Deep has two options for the CTD connector. These match the two options offered with many Seabird CTDs. The pin numbers on the two options are the same, but their physical configuration is different.

  • Page 100: Appendix D: Lisst-Sop Software Button Description

    File Output, Com Port settings, and Plot . When viewing processed data the Print button will be activated. Print Pressing the button will send the current display to the printer. LISST-Deep User’s Guide...
  • Page 101 Attempts to wake up instrument from low-power sleep mode. This may take up to 40 seconds. Put LISST to sleep NOTE: This feature should not be used with the LISST-Deep as it has no internal battery Puts instrument into low-power sleep mode.

  • Page 102: Appendix E: Comparison Of Lisst-100X And Lisst-Deep

    CTD which can be used for synchronizing the LISST-Deep and CTD data streams. The LISST-Deep does NOT have an internal battery. It must be connected at all times to an external power source in order to work.

  • Page 103: Revision History

    Revision History 2022-12 Add SubConn aux connector configuration, page 89; update Sequoia phone number; delete warranty terms—standard terms are now posted at www.sequoiasci.com/support/warranty. 2020-10 Start of revision tracking. Correct sequence of steps for saving autostart setting, page 22 LISST-Deep User’s Guide...

Table of Contents