Campbell RF451 Product Manual
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Campbell RF451 Product Manual

Spread spectrum radios
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Revision: 11/2022
Copyright © 2001 – 2022
Campbell Scientific
CSL I.D - 1203

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  • Page 1 Revision: 11/2022 Copyright © 2001 – 2022 Campbell Scientific CSL I.D - 1203...
  • Page 2 Quotations for repairs can be given on request. It is the policy of Campbell Scientific to protect the health of its employees and provide a safe working environment, in support of this policy a “Declaration of Hazardous Material and Decontamination”...
  • Page 3 About this manual Please note that this manual was originally produced by Campbell Scientific Inc. primarily for the North American market. Some spellings, weights and measures may reflect this origin. Some useful conversion factors: Area: 1 in (square inch) = 645 mm Mass: 1 oz.
  • Page 4 • Periodically (at least yearly) check electrical ground connections. WHILE EVERY ATTEMPT IS MADE TO EMBODY THE HIGHEST DEGREE OF SAFETY IN ALL CAMPBELL SCIENTIFIC PRODUCTS, THE CUSTOMER ASSUMES ALL RISK FROM ANY INJURY RESULTING FROM IMPROPER INSTALLATION, USE, OR MAINTENANCE OF TRIPODS, TOWERS, OR ATTACHMENTS TO TRIPODS AND TOWERS...

  • Page 5: Table Of Contents

    1. Introduction 1.1 Configuration options 2. Precautions 3. Initial inspection 4. QuickStart 5. Overview 6. Specifications 7. Configuring the RF451/RF452 7.1 Deployment settings 7.1.1 Active Interface 7.1.2 SDC Address 7.1.3 Baud Rate 7.1.4 Radio Operation Mode 7.1.5 Network ID 7.1.6 Frequency Key 7.1.7 Repeater Frequency Key...
  • Page 6 B.1 RF451/RF452 radio communications with one or more data loggers B.1.1 Configuring the RF451/RF452 radio connected to the computer B.1.2 Configuring endpoint RF451/RF452 data loggers B.1.3 Setting up communications between the RF451/RF452 data logger and the computer B.2 RF451/RF452 communications with multiple data loggers using one repeater B.2.1 Configuring the RF451/RF452 radio connected to the computer...

  • Page 7: Introduction

    1. Introduction The RF451/RF452 Spread Spectrum Radio is a 900 MHz license-free radio specifically designed to work with Campbell Scientific data loggers and existing RF450/RF451/RF452 networks. RF452 radios consist of a FreeWave® MM3 LV-T radio module and an interface board. RF451s and RF450s contain the MM2 LV-T and DGR09 radio models, respectively.

  • Page 8: Precautions

    RF installations such as cellular services. Available hop table versions are listed in the Device Configuration Utility Settings Editor for the RF451/RF452. Hop table versions include North America (default), Australia, New Zealand, Taiwan, Brazil, International, and Notch (custom). See Settings Editor (p.

  • Page 9: Initial Inspection

    3. Initial inspection Upon receipt of the RF451/RF452, inspect the packaging and contents for damage. File damage claims with the shipping company. Contact Campbell Scientific to facilitate repair or replacement. Immediately check package contents against shipping documentation. Thoroughly check all packaging material for product that may be trapped inside it. Contact Campbell Scientific immediately about any discrepancies.

  • Page 10: Overview

    (p. 5). NOTE: There may be only one RF451/RF452 or RF450 gateway in a network, and it must be connected to a PakBus® router. The PakBus router may be software, such as LoggerNet or PC400, or a data logger configured as a router.

  • Page 11: Specifications

    Note that line-of-sight obstructions, RF interference, and antenna type will affect transmission distance. Maximum distances can be greatly reduced by vegetation, line-of-sight obstacles, humidity levels, and other environmental and physical factors. Modulation: 2 level GFSK Spreading method: Frequency hopping RF451/RF452 Spread Spectrum Radio...
  • Page 12 1200 bps, 4800 bps, 9600 bps, 19.2 kbps, 38.4 kbps, 57.6 kbps, 115.2 kbps; user selectable Connectors: DB9, USB Type B Antenna: RPSMA female connector (external antenna required) Power requirements Voltage: 7 to 28 VDC Current Transmit: 650 mA Receive: 40 mA Idle: 15 mA Sleep: 6 mA RF451/RF452 Spread Spectrum Radio...

  • Page 13: Configuring The Rf451/Rf452

    RF451/RF452 radio via Device Configuration Utility: 1. Launch Device Configuration Utility from the LoggerNet toolbar Utilities category. 2. From the Device Type list, select the RF451/RF452. Information, instruction, and help are provided on each screen. RF451/RF452 Spread Spectrum Radio...
  • Page 14 USB port on your computer and the USB port on the radio. 5. Select the correct COM port for USB communications with the radio. It should be listed in the dialog as RF451/RF452 (COM#) where # is the COM port number. NOTE: It may take a few seconds for the Communication Port to become available for use after physically connecting the RF451/RF452 to your computer.
  • Page 15 (p. 10) will be shown. Click Save to save a configuration file. This file can then be used to load the settings into another RF451/RF452. Click Read File to load the settings in Device Configuration Utility. Then click Apply to save your changes to load the settings into the RF451/RF452.

  • Page 16: Deployment Settings

    Figure 7-3. Device Configuration Utility RF451/RF452 summary screen 7.1 Deployment settings This section describes the RF451/RF452 Deployment tab settings shown in Figure 7-2 (p. 9). NOTE: Installation examples (p. 27) for example radio settings in different network configurations. 7.1.1 Active Interface Specify the interface that will be used for normal operations.

  • Page 17: Sdc Address

    USB: The USB port is used when connected to a computer. 7.1.2 SDC Address Specifies the SDC address that will be used on the RF451/RF452 CS I/O port when CS I/O SDC is selected as the Active Interface. 7.1.3 Baud Rate Specifies the baud rate that will be used on the RS-232 port.

  • Page 18: Network Id

    When this setting is used, the repeater will receive on the Frequency Key of the upstream gateway (or repeater), and transmit on its Frequency Key setting (which typically is set to a different value than the gateway). RF451/RF452 Spread Spectrum Radio...

  • Page 19: Transmit Power

    For example, in much of the United States, FCC part 15 rules limit the 900 MHz, ISM band transmission from the RF451/RF452 to a maximum effective radiated power of +36 dBm.

  • Page 20: Low Power Mode

    Transceiver sleeps every other slot Transceiver sleeps 2 of 3 slots Transceiver sleeps the number of slots corresponding to one less than the setting. 4–31 For example, with a setting of 31, the transceiver sleeps 30 of 31 slots. RF451/RF452 Spread Spectrum Radio...

  • Page 21: Subnet Id

    If both Receive SubNet ID and Transmit SubNet ID are set to 0, a mobile endpoint can roam from subnet to subnet and possibly from network to network. The following figure shows an example of a network built using SubNet IDs. RF451/RF452 Spread Spectrum Radio...

  • Page 22: Radio Id

    Tool Suite software, and it allows the user to associate a particular data logger with its attached radio. To further this association of the RF451/RF452 RF network with the PakBus network, the data logger reads the serial number of the attached radio and includes this in the data logger settings when the CS I/O SDC interface is used.

  • Page 23: Endpoint

    NOTE: The gateway RF450/RF451/RF452 must be connected to a PakBus router. The PakBus router may be software, such as LoggerNet or PC400, or a data logger configured as a router. Selecting Gateway in the Radio Operation Mode designates the transceiver as a gateway. This allows one gateway transceiver to simultaneously be in communications with numerous endpoints and repeaters.

  • Page 24: Repeater

    The Repeaters Used checkbox should be selected if there are any repeaters in the network; it should be set the same for all transceivers (see Figure 10-1 [p. 18]). Figure 10-1. Device Configuration Utility screen showing settings for repeater RF451/RF452 Spread Spectrum Radio...

  • Page 25: Loggernet Setup

    2. Add a PakBusPort. Set the Maximum Baud Rate to 115200. For gateway radios at a computer, set the Beacon Interval to 1 minute. 3. Add data logger. Set the PakBus Address to match that of the data logger. 4. Apply to save your changes. Figure 11-1. LoggerNet Setup screen RF451/RF452 Spread Spectrum Radio...

  • Page 26: Pakbus Graph

    PakBus address in brackets followed by its name assigned through LoggerNet Setup. Because RF451/RF452 networking protocols, not PakBus protocols, are used to direct packets, the network representation in PakBus Graph may be significantly different than one would expect.

  • Page 27: Transceiver Location

    14. Power considerations The RF451/RF452 radio requires 7 to 28 VDC power. This may be supplied through one of the following: a wall charger connected to the DC power jack on the side of the radio...

  • Page 28: Rf451/Rf452 Antennas

    NOTE: The RF451/RF452 can be powered by USB for configuration only. When power is being supplied by USB, the internal radio is not operational. Power savings occur only when the endpoint is not transmitting data. Also, Low Power Mode is of little value when an endpoint has a constant, high throughput.

  • Page 29: Electrostatic Issues

    In order to comply with the FCC RF exposure requirements, the RF451/RF452 may be used only with approved antennas that have been tested with this radio and a minimum separation distance of 23 cm (9 inches) must be maintained from the antenna to any nearby persons.
  • Page 30 Red (solid) Not used Green (solid) Not used Configuration of processor or radio Orange (solid) (OS or settings) RF451/RF452 powered by USB – radio not Red (flash) operational Device powered – configured in gateway or Green (flash) endpoint mode Orange (flash) Device powered –...

  • Page 31: Troubleshooting Scenarios

    1. Check the baud rate of all RF450s/RF451/RF452s; they should be the same. 2. Check Network IDs of all RF450s/RF451/RF452s; they should be the same. 3. Check Frequency Key Number of all RF45s/RF451/RF452s; they should be the same, unless two branches of the network are operating in a parallel manner. See Computer-to-RF network with parallel repeaters (using SubNet ID)

  • Page 32: Appendix A. Fcc Notifications

    This device must be operated as supplied by Campbell Scientific, Inc. Any changes or modifications made to the device without the express written approval of Campbell Scientific, Inc. may void the user’s authority to operate the device.

  • Page 33: Appendix B. Installation Examples

    NOTE: This procedure assumes the RF451/RF452 radios are using factory default settings. The following table summarizes the hardware settings for this type of network. For detailed instructions on setting up the hardware and data logger support software see: B.1.1 Configuring the RF451/RF452 radio connected to the computer...

  • Page 34: Configuring The Rf451/Rf452 Radio Connected To The Computer

    Table B-1: RF451/RF452 settings for RF451/RF452 radio communications with one or more data loggers Gateway Endpoint(s) RF451/RF452 connected to RF451/RF452 connected to Hardware computer running LoggerNet data logger CS I/O port Keep all factory default settings except: USB or RS-232 (to match how...

  • Page 35: Configuring Endpoint Rf451/Rf452 Data Loggers

    6. In the Network ID field, type a unique number between 0 and 4095 (excluding 255). This is used to communicate with RF451/RF452 devices in the network. Make note of this number. All radios in the network require the same Network ID.

  • Page 36: Rf451/Rf452 Communications With Multiple Data Loggers Using One Repeater

    Next. 6. If prompted, select the Direct Connect connection type and click Next. 7. Select the communications port used to communicate with the RF451/RF452 from the COM Port list. 8. Accept the default value of 00 seconds in the COM Port Communication Delay - this box is used to allow time for hardware devices to "wake up"...
  • Page 37 B.2.2 Configuring the data logger acting as a repeater B.2.3 Adding the endpoint/repeater data logger to the LoggerNet network B.2.4 Adding endpoint data loggers to the network B.2.5 Using additional communications methods Table B-2: RF451/RF452 settings for RF451/RF452 communications with multiple data loggers using one repeater Gateway Endpoint/repeater...

  • Page 38: Configuring The Rf451/Rf452 Radio Connected To The Computer

    B.2.1 Configuring the RF451/RF452 radio connected to the computer Configure the RF451/RF452 radio connected to the computer (see previous image for reference). 1. Ensure your RF451/RF452 radio is connected to an antenna and power. 2. Using Device Configuration Utility, connect to the RF451/RF452 radio.

  • Page 39: Configuring The Data Logger Acting As A Repeater

    12 V battery will be needed for field deployment. Ensure the data logger antenna is connected. 2. Using Device Configuration Utility, connect to the RF451/RF452 data logger. 3. Click the RF451/RF452 sub-tab and select the Repeaters Used box.

  • Page 40: Adding The Endpoint/Repeater Data Logger To The Loggernet Network

    5. Repeat these steps for each endpoint data logger in the network. B.2.5 Using additional communications methods Using similar instructions, an RF451/RF452 data logger can be used in a system with additional communications methods. For example, in the following image, the router RF451/RF452 data logger communicates with LoggerNet through Konect PakBus Routeran.

  • Page 41: Computer-To-Rf Network With Parallel Repeaters (Using Subnet Id)

    [p. 36]). One stand-alone repeater (Repeater 1) is used to access several endpoint radios connected to data loggers in the field. The stand-alone repeater consists of an RF451/RF452, power supply, and antenna. Another repeater (endpoint/repeater) connected to a data logger is used to access several other endpoint radios on data loggers.
  • Page 42 Figure B-1. Schematic of computer-to-RF network with parallel repeaters (using the SubNet ID) Table B-3: RF451/RF452 settings for Computer-to-RF network with parallel repeaters (using SubNet ID) Endpoint 11, Endpoint 21, Gateway Repeater Endpoint/repeater 12 etc. 22 etc. computer running data logger,...
  • Page 43 Table B-3: RF451/RF452 settings for Computer-to-RF network with parallel repeaters (using SubNet ID) Endpoint 11, Endpoint 21, Gateway Repeater Endpoint/repeater 12 etc. 22 etc. Radio Operation Gateway Repeater Endpoint/Repeater Endpoint Endpoint Mode Repeaters Yes; select Yes; select Yes; select Yes; select box Yes;...

  • Page 44: Data Logger Call-Back

    B.4 Data logger call-back Call-back is the ability of a remote site to initiate a call to LoggerNet and have LoggerNet call back to collect data. Call-back is supported in networks consisting of RF451/RF452s as the single communications device. In a mixed-communications devices network, for example, phone to RF451/RF452, the base site makes the transition between communications types.
  • Page 45 DataInterval (0,1,Min,10) Sample (1,counter,FP2) EndTable 'Main Program BeginProg 'Configure the data logger CS I/O port to match the SDC address and baud rate 'set in the RF451/RF452 SerialOpen (ComSDC7,-115200,0,0,10000) Scan (1,Sec,0,0)  counter = counter + 1 CallbackFlag = true Then SendVariables (Result,ComSDC7,0,4094,0000,0,"Public","Callback",Scratch,1)

  • Page 46: Appendix C. Settings Editor

    Appendix C. Settings Editor The Settings Editor of Device Configuration Utility provides access to additional settings not shown on the Deployment tab. Most RF451/RF452 networks do not need to make changes through the Settings Editor. Radios deployed outside of the United States must use a Hop Table Version other than Standard (the default).
  • Page 47 5 Notch Uses 902-928 MHz with centre frequencies of 911-919 MHz notched out 6 Brazil 902-915 MHz NOTE: Do not use a Frequency Key Setting of 14 with a Hop Table Version of 1, 2, or 4. RF451/RF452 Spread Spectrum Radio...
  • Page 48 Campbell Scientific Regional Offices Australia France Thailand Location: Garbutt, QLD Australia Location: Vincennes, France Location: Bangkok, Thailand Phone: 61.7.4401.7700 Phone: 0033.0.1.56.45.15.20 Phone: 66.2.719.3399 Email: info@campbellsci.com.au Email: info@campbellsci.fr Email: info@campbellsci.asia Website: www.campbellsci.com.au Website: www.campbellsci.fr Website: www.campbellsci.asia Brazil Germany Location: São Paulo, SP Brazil...

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