Related Manuals for Campbell RF451
Summary of Contents for Campbell RF451
- Page 1 RF451 Spread Spectrum Radio Revision: 3/18 C o p y r i g h t © 2 0 0 1 - 2 0 1 8 C a m p b e l l S c i e n t i f i c ,...
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Page 3: Limited Warranty
Limited Warranty “Products manufactured by CSI are warranted by CSI to be free from defects in materials and workmanship under normal use and service for twelve months from the date of shipment unless otherwise specified in the corresponding product manual. (Product manuals are available for review online at www.campbellsci.com.) Products not manufactured by CSI, but that are resold by CSI, are warranted only to the limits extended by the original manufacturer. - Page 4 Campbell Scientific company serves your country. To obtain a Returned Materials Authorization (RMA) number, contact CAMPBELL SCIENTIFIC, INC., phone (435) 227-9000. Please write the issued RMA number clearly on the outside of the shipping container. Campbell Scientific’s shipping address is: CAMPBELL SCIENTIFIC, INC.
- Page 5 Periodically (at least yearly) check electrical ground connections. • WHILE EVERY ATTEMPT IS MADE TO EMBODY THE HIGHEST DEGREE OF SAFETY IN ALL CAMPBELL SCIENTIFIC PRODUCTS, THE CUSTOMER ASSUMES ALL RISK FROM ANY INJURY RESULTING FROM IMPROPER INSTALLATION, USE, OR MAINTENANCE OF TRIPODS, TOWERS, OR ATTACHMENTS TO TRIPODS AND TOWERS SUCH AS SENSORS, CROSSARMS, ENCLOSURES, ANTENNAS, ETC.
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Page 7: Table Of Contents
Location of the Transceivers .............. 16 Power Considerations ................ 16 LoggerNet Software Setup ..............16 PakBus Graph ..................17 8. Antennas ..............18 Antennas for the RF451 ..............18 Antenna Cables and Surge Protection ..........20 8.2.1 Antenna Cables ................20 8.2.2 Electrostatic Issues .............. - Page 8 DevConfig Screen Showing Settings for a Slave in a Multi-Point Network ..................15 7-6. DevConfig Screen Showing Settings for Repeater in a Multi-Point Network ..................15 7-7. LoggerNet Setup Screen for an RF451 Multi-Point Network ... 17 7-8. Point to Multi-Point Network with Two Routers ......18...
- Page 9 Table of Contents 7-9. RF451 Point to Multi-Point network with a single router (in this case, LoggerNet) as displayed in PakBus Graph ......18 9-1. RF451 Front Side View ..............21 B-1. Schematic of PC-to-RF451 Network ..........B-1 B-2. DevConfig Screen Showing Master Radio Settings for Example 1 ..................
- Page 10 Table of Contents...
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Page 11: Introduction
FCC Notifications (p. A-1) Initial Inspection The RF451 radios ship with an SC12 cable, a USB A to USB B cable (pn • 17648), 4 grommets, and 4 screws. Upon receipt of the RF451, inspect the packaging and contents for •... -
Page 12: Quickstart
If the master radio will be at PC running LoggerNet, set the Active Interface to USB or RS-232 depending on how LoggerNet will be communicating with the RF451. Keep the remaining settings at their defaults. (See note below regarding repeaters.) Select a datalogger or a PC running LoggerNet to be a router. -
Page 13: Overview
(see FIGURE 5-1). NOTE There may be only one RF451 or RF450 master in a network, and it must be connected to a PakBus® router. The PakBus router may be software, such as LoggerNet or PC400, or a datalogger configured as a router. -
Page 14: Specifications
RF451 Spread Spectrum Radio Specifications Frequency: 902 to 928 MHz Transmit Output Power: 10 mW to 1 W, user selectable Range: 20 to 25 miles assuming ideal conditions, line-of-sight, and appropriate antenna. Note that line-of-sight obstructions, RF interference, and antenna type will affect transmission distance. -
Page 15: Installation
Utility (DevConfig) software tool that comes with LoggerNet (see FIGURE 7-1). DevConfig is also available for free from the Campbell Scientific website. The following general procedure is used to configure an RF451 radio via DevConfig: Launch DevConfig from the LoggerNet toolbar, by double clicking the icon on the Windows®... - Page 16 RF451 Spread Spectrum Radio Install the USB device driver for the RF451 by clicking on the blue link on the RF451 tab. Carefully review the Connect Instructions text provided on the right side of the DevConfig screen. This only needs to be done the first time the computer is connected to an RF451.
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Page 17: Devconfig Screen Showing The Rf451 Settings
Click Save to save a configuration file. This file can then be used to load the settings into another RF451. Click Read File to load the settings in DevConfig. Then click Apply to load the settings into the... -
Page 18: Deployment Settings
RF451 Spread Spectrum Radio FIGURE 7-3. DevConfig RF451 Summary Screen Deployment Settings This section describes the RF451 Deployment tab settings shown in FIGURE 7-2. NOTE See Appendix B, Installation Scenarios , for example radio (p. B-1) settings in different network configurations. -
Page 19: Sdc Address
• USB: The USB port is used. 7.2.2 SDC Address Specifies the SDC address that will be used on the RF451 CS I/O port when CS I/O SDC is selected as the Active Interface. 7.2.3 Baud Rate Specifies the baud rate that will be used on the RS-232 port. -
Page 20: Network Id
RF451 Spread Spectrum Radio Multi-Point Slave/Repeater This option allows the transceiver to operate as a repeater and a slave in a multi-point network. The radio will repeat packets sent across the network as well as use the active interface. Choosing this setting effectively sets the operation mode to Multi-Point Repeater and sets the slave/repeater mode. -
Page 21: Transmit Power
RF451 to a maximum effective radiated power of +36 dBm. The RF451 maximum power is 30.0 dBm; therefore, a 6 dB (or lower) gain antenna can be used with any Transmit Power setting. If a higher gain antenna is used, the cable loss will need to be determined, and the Transmit Power adjusted so as not to exceed the FCC limit of +36 dBm. -
Page 22: Low Power Mode
RF451 Spread Spectrum Radio TABLE 7-1. Transmit Power Settings RF Transmit Power Setting RF Power (dBm) RF Power (mW) 30.0 1000 29.5 27.8 26.8 25.2 23.6 21.5 19.0 15.4 10.0 7.2.9 Low Power Mode This setting allows a multi-point slave to consume less power. This is achieved primarily by dimming the transceiver LEDs. -
Page 23: Subnet Id
Radio ID appears in the FreeWave Diagnostics Program, and allows the user to associate a particular datalogger with its attached radio. To further this association of the RF451 RF network with the PakBus network, the dataloggers (CR1000, CR800, CR6, etc.) read the serial number of the attached radio and include this in the datalogger settings when the CS I/O SDC interface is used. -
Page 24: Master Radio
RF451 Spread Spectrum Radio Master Radio A multi-point network may only contain a single master radio, either an RF450 or RF451. Slave radios communicate from and to the master radio. The master RF451/RF450 must be connected to a PakBus router. NOTE The PakBus router may be software, such as LoggerNet or PC400, or a datalogger configured as a router. -
Page 25: Repeater
RF451 Spread Spectrum Radio FIGURE 7-5. DevConfig Screen Showing Settings for a Slave in a Multi-Point Network Repeater Setting the Radio Operation Mode to Multi-Point Repeater allows the transceiver to operate as a repeater in a multi-point network. The Repeaters Used checkbox should be checked if there are any repeaters in the network;... -
Page 26: Location Of The Transceivers
Power Considerations The RF451 radio requires 6 to 30 Vdc power. This may be supplied through either a wall charger (pn 15966) connected to the DC power jack on the side of the radio or through the datalogger via the CS I/O port. -
Page 27: Pakbus Graph
PakBus dataloggers that have been configured in Setup will be shown by its PakBus address in brackets followed by its name assigned through LoggerNet Setup. Because RF451 networking protocols, not PakBus protocols, are used to direct packets, the network representation in PakBus Graph may be significantly different than one would expect. FIGURE depicts the physical network of five dataloggers and one LoggerNet server. -
Page 28: Antennas
7-9. Dataloggers numbered 1 and 2 have RF451 radios configured as slave/repeaters. The RF451 radios are doing the networking, not the PakBus dataloggers. FIGURE 7-9. RF451 Point to Multi-Point network with a single router (in this case, LoggerNet) as displayed in PakBus Graph Antennas... - Page 29 10 feet. The surge suppressor helps protect the radio from electrical discharge being conducted down the antenna cable. 31312 Similar to the 31314 but installed by Campbell Scientific, bulkhead-mounted through the enclosure wall. Additional Accessories...
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Page 30: Antenna Cables And Surge Protection
To protect against this, Campbell Scientific offers the pn 31314 and pn 31312 Antenna Surge Protection Kits. Antenna surge protection is recommended in the following applications: •... -
Page 31: Troubleshooting
Troubleshooting LED Status The RF451 has two red/green/orange LED status indicator lights. TABLE and TABLE show the status of each light when the RF451 is in various states of communication. FIGURE 9-1. RF451 Front Side View TABLE 9-1. Status LED... -
Page 32: Troubleshooting Scenarios
(applies only to Slaves and Repeaters) No activity / No power Troubleshooting Scenarios DevConfig is unable to establish a connection with the RF451: Check that all other Campbell Scientific software is closed. Check power to the radio. The Status LED should be flashing green if 12 volt power is supplied or red if only USB power is applied. -
Page 33: Using The Diagnostics Port
LEDs flash when LoggerNet command transmitted but no response from datalogger: Check SC12 cable on the datalogger CS I/O port. Check SDC address in RF451/RF450. Check SDC address in datalogger. Check the baud rate of all RF451s/RF450s; they should be the same. - Page 34 RF451 Spread Spectrum Radio...
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Page 35: Fcc Notifications
2) This device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation. This device must be operated as supplied by Campbell Scientific, Inc. Any changes or modifications made to the device without the express written approval of Campbell Scientific, Inc. -
Page 37: Installation Scenarios
PC Running LoggerNet /PC400 FIGURE B-1. Schematic of PC-to-RF451 Network Using DevConfig, set up the master and slave RF451 radios according to TABLE below. The Deployment tab of DevConfig should look similar to FIGURE B-2. TABLE B-1. RF451 Settings for Example 1... -
Page 38: Example 2: Pc-To-Rf Network With Repeater
Appendix B. Installation Scenarios FIGURE B-2. DevConfig Screen Showing Master Radio Settings for Example 1 The Network Map in the LoggerNet Setup screen should look something like this: B.2 Example 2: PC-to-RF Network with Repeater In this example, the master radio is connected to a PC running LoggerNet (see FIGURE B-3). -
Page 39: Schematic Of Pc-To-Rf451 Network With Repeater
LoggerNet /PC400 Slave FIGURE B-3. Schematic of PC-to-RF451 Network with Repeater Using DevConfig, set up the master, slave/repeater RF451, and slave RF451 radios according to TABLE below. The Deployment tabs of DevConfig should look similar to FIGURE through FIGURE B-6. -
Page 40: Devconfig Screen Showing Master Radio Settings For
Appendix B. Installation Scenarios FIGURE B-4. DevConfig Screen Showing Master Radio Settings for Example 2 FIGURE B-5. DevConfig Screen Showing Slave/Repeater Radio Settings for Example 2... -
Page 41: Example 3: Pc-To-Rf Network With Parallel Repeaters (Using The Subnet Id
TABLE B-3). One stand-alone repeater (Repeater 1) is used to access several slave radios connected to CR1000s in the field. The stand- alone repeater consists of an RF451, power supply, and antenna. Another repeater (Slave/Repeater) connected to a CR1000 is used to access several other slave radios on CR1000s. -
Page 42: Network
Slave 12 /PC400 Slave 21 Slave/ Repeater Slave 22 FIGURE B-7. Schematic of PC-to-RF Network with Parallel Repeaters (using the SubNet ID) TABLE B-3. RF451 Settings for Example 3 Slave Slave Master Repeater Slave/Repeater 11, 12 etc. 21, 22 etc. -
Page 43: Example 4: Phone-To-Rf Base
Modem to RF451 Base PC Running Slave 2 LoggerNet /PC400 FIGURE B-8. Schematic of Phone-to-RF Base TABLE B-4. RF451 Settings for Example 4 Phone to RF451 Base Slaves COM220, Hardware PC running LoggerNet, Phone Modem CR1000, RF451 RF451, A100 Active Interface... -
Page 44: Example 5: Call-Back
Call-back is NOT supported when the base RF451s Active Interface is configured as CS I/O ME Master. The RF451 Active Interface is configured as CS I/O ME Master when the CS I/O port is used for direct connection to an ME device (COM200, COM210, COM220, MD485, etc). - Page 45 Appendix B. Installation Scenarios counter = counter + 1 CallbackFlag = true Then SendVariables (Result,ComSDC7,0,4094,0000,0,"Public","Callback",Scratch,1) CallbackFlag = false EndIf 'Call Output Tables CallTable Test NextScan EndProg...
- Page 46 Appendix B. Installation Scenarios B-10...
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Page 47: Settings Editor
Appendix C. Settings Editor The Settings Editor of DevConfig provides access to additional settings not shown on the Deployment tab. Most RF451/RF450 networks do not need to make changes through the Settings Editor. - Page 48 Appendix C. Settings Editor Radios deployed outside of the United States must use a Hop Table Version other than zero (the default). This setting can be changed through the Settings Editor tab. The Hop Table Version setting allows the user to choose the portion of the band in which the transceiver will operate.
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Page 49: Distance Vs. Antenna Gain, Terrain, And Other Factors
Gain, Terrain, and Other Factors D.1 Introduction The communication distance you can expect to obtain using the RF451 depends on a number of factors that are unique to every installation. These unique factors are the path of propagation, relative antenna elevations, and the link budget. -
Page 50: How Far Can You Go
Gain Loss Receiver Lpath Where: Ptx = transmitter output power, in dBm (30 dBm in the case of the RF451 at maximum transmitter power) Ltx = cable loss between transmitter and antenna in dB (see Appendix B.2.4, Cable Loss (p. D-3) Gtx = transmit antenna gain in dBi (dBi = dBd + 2.15) -
Page 51: Transmitter Power
By algebraically summing the transmitters output power with the links gains and losses, the signal power at the receiver’s input (Prx) can be estimated. If Prx is greater than the receiver’s sensitivity (−108 dBm for the RF451), a connection is possible. The amount by which Prx exceeds the receiver’s sensitivity is the fade margin. -
Page 52: Antenna Gain
(decibels of gain relative to a dipole). The relationship is: dBi = dBd + 2.15 Some antennas that are FCC approved for use with the RF451 series are: TABLE D-4. Antenna Gain of Recommended Antennas CSI Part Mfg. -
Page 53: Receiver Sensitivity
Appendix D. Distance vs. Antenna Gain, Terrain, and Other Factors D.2.6 Receiver Sensitivity Receiver sensitivity is usually specified in dBm for a specific bit error rate (BER). The transceiver module used in the RF451 is specified at –108 dBm at ~10 –4 raw BER. -
Page 54: Mhz Distance Vs. Path Loss (Lpath In Db) Per Two Propagation Models
Appendix D. Distance vs. Antenna Gain, Terrain, and Other Factors and interferes with the main signal. This phenomenon gives rise to the 2-Ray Multipath Propagation Model for estimating real world distances. The path geometry defined by the relative elevations of the antennas and the distance between the antennas is a significant factor in determining the degree of interference from the reflected wave. -
Page 55: Examples
Some examples will help illustrate the trade-offs in a link analysis. These examples will all use the RF451 900 MHz radio at maximum transmitter power, 30 dB, and will use –108 dBm as the required power level at the radio receiver. -
Page 56: Fade Margin (Db) Vs. Distance For 2-Ray Propagation Model In Example #1
Appendix D. Distance vs. Antenna Gain, Terrain, and Other Factors Using the Lpath values from TABLE D-8, gives: TABLE D-9. Fade Margin (dB) vs. Distance for 2-Ray Propagation Model in Example #1 Path Type 2 mi. 4 mi. 6 mi. 8 mi. - Page 57 Appendix D. Distance vs. Antenna Gain, Terrain, and Other Factors Fade margin = 154 – Lpath Using the Lpath values from TABLE D-10, gives: TABLE D-11. Fade Margin (dB) vs. Distance for 2-Ray Propagation Model in Example #2 Path Type 2 mi.
- Page 58 Appendix D. Distance vs. Antenna Gain, Terrain, and Other Factors D-10...
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Page 59: Rf451S With Rf401A Or Cr206(X) In The Same
Use Yagi antennas and separate them. On the RF451, disable Frequency Zone 4 through Frequency Zone 11 (set them to 0) or set the Hop Table Version to Notch. This is done through the Settings Editor Tab of DevConfig. - Page 62 Santo Domingo, Heredia 40305 SOUTH AFRICA COSTA RICA • cleroux@csafrica.co.za • info@campbellsci.cc www.campbellsci.co.za www.campbellsci.cc Campbell Scientific Southeast Asia Co., Ltd. Campbell Scientific Ltd. 877/22 Nirvana@Work, Rama 9 Road Campbell Park Suan Luang Subdistrict, Suan Luang District 80 Hathern Road Bangkok 10250...
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