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COOLING SYSTEM - GENERAL
NOTE: Be sure to close the sea-cock before working
on the engine cooling system.
CAUTION: The cooling water in the engine
reaches extremely high temperatures. You must
use extreme caution when working on hot engines
to avoid burns. Allow the engine to cool before
working on the cooling system. Open the filler
cap carefully, using protective clothing when the
engine is warm.
WATER QUALITY
1. Distilled, deionized, soft water is preferred for use in
cooling systems. Bottled distilled water from a food
store or water supplier is recommended. Tap water
often has a high mineral content. Tap water should
NEVER be put in a cooling system unless first tested
by a water quality laboratory. Do not use water
made by the reverse osmosis method unless it has
been PH neutralized.
2. Here are acceptable water quality specifications:
Contaminates
Maximum Chlorides
Maximum Sulfates
Maximum Dissolved Solids
Maximum Total Hardness
3. If chlorides, sulfates or total dissolved solids are
higher than the above given specification, the water
must be distilled, demineralized, or
deionized before it is used in a cooling system.
4. If total hardness is higher than 170 ppm and all other
parameters are within the given
specifications, the water must be softened before it is
used to make coolant solution.
Updated 11-8-13
Servicing
Parts
Grains
per Million
per Gallon
40
2.5
100
5.9
340
20.0
170
10.0
PH Level 5.5 to 9.0
OM944W3 1/23
SP-13. CHECK THE COOLANT LEVEL
1. Check the coolant level each day before starting the
engine.
a. Check the water level by removing the pressure
cap from the expansion tank. In order to give the
cooling water an opportunity to expand, the level
should be about 1 in. (2.5 cm) below the filler cap
sealing surface when the engine is cold.
b. Soft water with about a pH about 6.5 to 8.5
combined with an antifreeze in a 30% to 50%
(maximum) solution should be used.
c. The antifreeze should not contain amine, silicate,
or borate.
SP-14. COOLING SYSTEM FLUSHING
1. Flush the cooling system every 2000 hours or every
12 months, whichever comes first.
2. Remove fill cap and open drains on engine block.
The engine block drain is on the service side of the
engine above the dipstick, next to the flywheel
housing.
3. Pour clean water into the engine until water coming
from engine is clear of discoloration. Close drains and
refill the engine with recommended coolant mixture.
4. Use 50% water / 50% (maximum) ethylene glycol
antifreeze mix. Antifreeze mixture is recommended
as a good year-round coolant.
5. Coolant capacity is approximately 3 gal. (11.4 liters).
6. Check hoses and connections and repair any
leakage.
7. Start the engine and check for leaks. Run the engine
for five minutes, then shut it down. Let engine cool,
and then check the coolant level in the engine. Add
coolant as needed.
NOTE: Be sure to open the sea-cock after working
on the engine cooling system and starting the
engine.
27
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