Apogee Instruments SP-422 Owner's Manual
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Apogee Instruments SP-422 Owner's Manual

Pyranometer
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OWNER'S MANUAL
PYRANOMETER
Models SP-422
Rev: 26-Sept-2022
APOGEE INSTRUMENTS, INC. | 721 WEST 1800 NORTH, LOGAN, UTAH 84321, USA
TEL: (435) 792-4700 | FAX: (435) 787-8268 | WEB: APOGEEINSTRUMENTS.COM
Copyright © 2022 Apogee Instruments, Inc.

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  • Page 1 OWNER’S MANUAL PYRANOMETER Models SP-422 Rev: 26-Sept-2022 APOGEE INSTRUMENTS, INC. | 721 WEST 1800 NORTH, LOGAN, UTAH 84321, USA TEL: (435) 792-4700 | FAX: (435) 787-8268 | WEB: APOGEEINSTRUMENTS.COM Copyright © 2022 Apogee Instruments, Inc.

  • Page 2: Table Of Contents

    TABLE OF CONTENTS Owner’s Manual ....................................1 Certificates of Compliance ............................... 3 Introduction ..................................... 5 Sensor Models ..................................6 Specifications ................................... 7 Deployment and Installation ..............................10 Cable Connectors ................................... 11 Operation and Measurement .............................. 111 Maintenace and Recalibration ............................. 168 Troubleshooting and Customer Support ..........................

  • Page 3: Certificates Of Compliance

    RoHS 3 compliant using exemption 6c. Further note that Apogee Instruments does not specifically run any analysis on our raw materials or end products for the presence of these substances, but we rely on the information provided to us by our material suppliers.
  • Page 4 RoHS 3 compliant using exemption 6c. Further note that Apogee Instruments does not specifically run any analysis on our raw materials or end products for the presence of these substances, but we rely on the information provided to us by our material suppliers.

  • Page 5: Introduction

    Sensors are potted solid with no internal air space and are designed for continuous total shortwave radiation measurement on a planar surface in outdoor environments. The SP-422 model outputs a digital signal using Modbus RTU communication protocol over RS-232 or RS-485.

  • Page 6: Sensor Models

    SENSOR MODELS This manual covers the Modbus RTU protocol model SP-422 pyranometer sensor (in bold below). Additional models are covered in their respective manuals. Model Signal SP-422 Modbus SP-110 Self-powered SP-230* Self-powered SP-212 0-2.5 V SP-214 4-20 mA SP-215 0-5 V...

  • Page 7: Specifications

    (316), M8 connector Calibration Traceability Apogee Instruments SP series pyranometers are calibrated through side-by-side comparison to the mean of four Apogee model SP-110 transfer standard pyranometers (shortwave radiation reference) under high intensity discharge metal halide lamps. The transfer standard pyranometers are calibrated through side-by-side comparison to the mean of at least two ISO-classified reference pyranometers under sunlight (clear sky conditions) in Logan, Utah.
  • Page 8 Spectral Response Spectral response estimate of Apogee silicon-cell pyranometers. Spectral response was estimated by multiplying the spectral response of the photodiode, diffuser, and adhesive. Spectral response measurements of diffuser and adhesive were made with a spectrometer, and spectral response data for the photodiode were obtained from the manufacturer.
  • Page 9 Cosine Response Directional, or cosine, response is defined as the measurement error at a specific angle of radiation incidence. Error for Apogee silicon-cell pyranometers is approximately ± 2 % and ± 5 % at solar zenith angles of 45° and 75°, respectively. Mean cosine response of eleven Apogee silicon-cell pyranometers (error bars represent two standard deviations...

  • Page 10: Deployment And Installation

    Mount the sensor to a solid surface with the nylon mounting screw provided. To accurately measure PPFD incident on a horizontal surface, the sensor must be level. An Apogee Instruments model AL-100 Leveling Plate is recommended to level the sensor when used on a flat surface or being mounted to surfaces such as wood. To facilitate mounting on a mast or pipe, the Apogee Instruments model AL-120 Solar Mounting Bracket with Leveling Plate is recommended.

  • Page 11: Cable Connectors

    CABLE CONNECTORS Apogee sensors offer cable connectors to simplify the process of removing sensors from weather stations for calibration (the entire cable does not have to be removed from the station and shipped with the sensor). The ruggedized M8 connectors are rated IP68, made of corrosion-resistant marine-grade stainless-steel, Cable connectors are attached directly to the head.

  • Page 12: Operation And Measurement

    Coefficients are programmed into the sensors at the factory. Modbus Interface The following is a brief explanation of the Modbus protocol instructions used in Apogee SP-422 pyranometers. For questions on the implementation of this protocol, please refer to the official serial line implementation of the Modbus protocol: http://www.modbus.org/docs/Modbus_over_serial_line_V1_02.pdf...
  • Page 13 Register Index Each register in a sensor represents a value in the sensor, such as a measurement or a configuration parameter. Some registers can only be read, some registers can only be written, and some can be both read and written. Each register exists at a specified index in the table for the sensor.
  • Page 14 Read only registers (function code 0x3). Float Registers calibrated output watts detector millivolts Reserved for Future Use device status (1 means device is busy, 0 otherwise) firmware version Integer Registers calibrated output watts (multiplied by 10) detector millivolts (multiplied by 100) Reserved for Future Use device status (1 means device is busy, 0 otherwise) firmware version (multiplied by 10)
  • Page 15 (rounded down to nearest integer)* offset (rounded down to nearest integer)* running average heater status *Registers marked with an asterisk (*) cannot be written to unless a specific procedure is followed. Contact Apogee Instruments to receive the procedure for writing these registers.
  • Page 16 Packet Framing: Apogee sensors use Modbus RTU packets and tend to adhere to the following pattern: Slave Address (1 byte), Function Code (1 byte), Starting Address (2 bytes), Number of Registers (2 bytes), Data Length (1 byte, optional) Data (n bytes, optional) Modbus RTU packets use the zero-based address when addressing registers.
  • Page 17 Spectral response of Apogee SP series pyranometers compared to solar radiation spectrum at Earth’s surface. Silicon-cell pyranometers, such as Apogee SP series, are only sensitive to the wavelength range of approximately 350-1100 nm and are not equally sensitive to all wavelengths within this range.
  • Page 18 Spectral error for Apogee SP series pyranometers as a function of atmospheric air mass, assuming calibration at an air mass of 1.5. Spectral Errors for Shortwave Radiation Measurements with Apogee SP Series Pyranometers Radiation Source (Error Calculated Relative to Sun, Clear Sky) Error [%] Sun (Clear Sky) Sun (Cloudy Sky)

  • Page 19: Maintenace And Recalibration

    3. Salt deposit accumulation from evaporation of sea spray or sprinkler irrigation water. Apogee Instruments pyranometers have a domed diffuser and housing for improved self-cleaning from rainfall, but active cleaning may be necessary. Dust or organic deposits are best removed using water, or window cleaner, and a soft cloth or cotton swab.
  • Page 20 Homepage of the Clear Sky Calculator. Two calculators are available: One for pyranometers (total shortwave radiation) and one for quantum sensors (photosynthetic photon flux density). Clear Sky Calculator for pyranometers. Site data are input in blue cells in middle of page and an estimate of total shortwave radiation is returned on right-hand side of page.

  • Page 21: Troubleshooting And Customer Support

    TROUBLESHOOTING AND CUSTOMER SUPPORT Independent Verification of Functionality If the sensor does not communicate with the datalogger, use an ammeter to check the current drain. It should be near 37 mA when the sensor is powered. Any current drain significantly greater than approximately 37 mA indicates a problem with power supply to the sensors, wiring of the sensor, or sensor electronics.

  • Page 22: Return And Warranty Policy

    RETURN AND WARRANTY POLICY RETURN POLICY Apogee Instruments will accept returns within 30 days of purchase as long as the product is in new condition (to be determined by Apogee). Returns are subject to a 10 % restocking fee. WARRANTY POLICY...
  • Page 23 84321, USA 5. Upon receipt, Apogee Instruments will determine the cause of failure. If the product is found to be defective in terms of operation to the published specifications due to a failure of product materials or craftsmanship, Apogee Instruments will repair or replace the items free of charge.

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