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Related Manuals for Apogee Instruments SIL-111
Summary of Contents for Apogee Instruments SIL-111
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Page 1: Owner's Manual
OWNER’S MANUAL COMMERCIAL INFRARED RADIOMETER Models SIL-111 Rev: 8-Jun-2022 APOGEE INSTRUMENTS, INC. | 721 WEST 1800 NORTH, LOGAN, UTAH 84321, USA TEL: (435) 792-4700 | FAX: (435) 787-8268 | WEB: APOGEEINSTRUMENTS.COM Copyright © 2022 Apogee Instruments, Inc. -
Page 2: Table Of Contents
TABLE OF CONTENTS Owner’s Manual ....................................1 Certificate of Compliance ................................. 3 Introduction ..................................... 4 Sensor Models ..................................5 Specifications ................................... 6 Deployment and Installation ..............................8 Operation and Measurement ..............................10 Maintenance and Recalibration ............................. 16 Troubleshooting and Customer Support ..........................17 Return and Warranty Policy .............................. -
Page 3: Certificate Of Compliance
RoHS 3 compliant using exemption 6c. Further note that Apogee Instruments does not specifically run any analysis on our raw materials or end products for the presence of these substances, but we rely on the information provided to us by our material suppliers. -
Page 4: Introduction
(soil, vegetation, water, snow) temperature measurement in energy balance studies. Apogee Instruments SIL-111 infrared radiometers consist of a thermopile detector, germanium filter, precision thermistor (for detector reference temperature measurement), signal processing circuitry mounted in an anodized aluminum housing, and a cable to connect the sensor to a measurement device. -
Page 5: Sensor Models
A sensor’s model number and serial number are located on a label near the pigtail leads on the sensor cable. If you need the manufacturing date of your sensor, please contact Apogee Instruments with the serial number of your sensor. -
Page 6: Specifications
SPECIFICATIONS SIL-111 Approximate Sensitivity 60 µV per C difference between target and detector temperature Output from Thermopile Approximately -3.3 to 3.3 mV for a temperature difference from -55 to 55 C Output from Thermistor 0 to 2500 mV (typical, depends on input voltage) - Page 7 Spectral Response Spectral response of SIL series infrared radiometers. Spectral response (green line) is determined by the germanium filter and corresponds closely to the atmospheric window of 8-14 µm, minimizing interference from atmospheric absorption/emission bands (blue line) below 8 µm and above 14 µm.
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Page 8: Deployment And Installation
An Apogee Instruments model AM-250 mounting bracket is recommended for mounting the sensor to a cross arm or pole. The AM-250 allows adjustment of the angle of the sensor with respect to the target and accommodates... - Page 9 Sensor FOV, distance to target, and sensor mounting angle in relation to the target will determine target area. Different mounting geometries (distance and angle combinations) produce different target shapes and areas, as shown below. FOV Area (m²) Model Half Angle Mounting Height (m) 0° 45° 60° SIL-111 22° 0.51 1.90 11.26 SIL-111 22° 2.05 7.58 45.0 SIL-111 22°...
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Page 10: Operation And Measurement
OPERATION AND MEASUREMENT The SIL-111 radiometer outputs two signals: a voltage from the thermopile radiation detector (proportional to the radiation balance between target and detector) and a voltage from the thermistor (proportional to the magnitude of the excitation voltage and resistance of thermistor). The voltage output from the thermopile is an electrically- isolated bipolar (polarity is dependent on temperature difference between sensor and target) signal in the microvolt range and requires a high-resolution differential measurement. - Page 11 Sensor Calibration Apogee SIL-111 infrared radiometers are calibrated in a temperature-controlled chamber that houses a custom- built blackbody cone (target) for the radiation source. During calibration, infrared radiometers (detectors) are held in a fixture at the opening of the blackbody cone but are thermally insulated from the cone. Detector and target temperature are controlled independently.
- Page 12 Temperature Measurement with Internal Thermistor Measurement devices (e.g., datalogger, controller) do not measure resistance directly, but determine resistance from a half-bridge measurement, where an excitation voltage is input across the thermistor and an output voltage is measured across the bridge resistor. An excitation voltage of 2.5 V DC is recommended to minimize self-heating and current drain, while still maintaining adequate measurement sensitivity (mV output from thermistor per C).
- Page 13 Where C2, C1, and C0 are the custom calibration coefficients listed on the calibration certificate (shown above) that comes with each SIL-111 radiometer (there are two sets of polynomial coefficients, one set for m and one set for b). Note that T is converted from Kelvin to Celsius (temperature in C equals temperature in K minus 273.15)
- Page 14 Emissivity Correction Appropriate correction for surface emissivity is required for accurate surface temperature measurements. The simple (and commonly made) emissivity correction, dividing measured temperature by surface emissivity, is incorrect because it does not account for reflected infrared radiation. The radiation detected by an infrared radiometer includes two components: 1. radiation directly emitted by the target surface, and 2.
- Page 15 Equations (1)-(3) assume an infinite waveband for radiation emission and constant ε at all wavelengths. These assumptions are not valid because infrared radiometers do not have infinite wavebands, as most correspond to the atmospheric window of 8-14 µm, and ε varies with wavelength. Despite the violated assumptions, the errors for emissivity correction with Eq.
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Page 16: Maintenance And Recalibration
MAINTENANCE AND RECALIBRATION Blocking of the optical path between the target and detector, often due to moisture or debris on the filter, is a common cause of inaccurate measurements. The filter in SI series radiometers is inset in an aperture, but can become partially blocked in four ways: Dew or frost formation on the filter. -
Page 17: Troubleshooting And Customer Support
TROUBLESHOOTING AND CUSTOMER SUPPORT Independent Verification of Functionality The radiation detector in Apogee SIL-111 infrared radiometers is a self-powered device that outputs a voltage signal proportional to the radiation balance between the detector and target surface. A quick and easy check of detector functionality can be accomplished using a voltmeter with microvolt (µV) resolution. - Page 18 (EMI). In instances where SIL-111 radiometers are being used in close proximity to communications (near an antenna or antenna wiring), it may be necessary to alternate the data recording and data transmitting functions (i.e., measurements should not be made when data are being transmitted wirelessly).
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Page 19: Return And Warranty Policy
RETURN AND WARRANTY POLICY RETURN POLICY Apogee Instruments will accept returns within 30 days of purchase as long as the product is in new condition (to be determined by Apogee). Returns are subject to a 10 % restocking fee. WARRANTY POLICY... - Page 20 84321, USA 5. Upon receipt, Apogee Instruments will determine the cause of failure. If the product is found to be defective in terms of operation to the published specifications due to a failure of product materials or craftsmanship, Apogee Instruments will repair or replace the items free of charge.
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