PASCO AP-8209 Instruction Manual
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PASCO AP-8209 Instruction Manual

Photoelectric effect apparatus
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Instruction Manual
Manual No. 012-10626B
Photoelectric Effect
Apparatus
Model No. AP-8209

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Summary of Contents for PASCO AP-8209

  • Page 1 Instruction Manual Manual No. 012-10626B Photoelectric Effect Apparatus Model No. AP-8209...

  • Page 2: Table Of Contents

    Model No. AP-8209 Photoelectric Effect Apparatus Table of Contents Equipment List.................... 3 Introduction....................4 Background Information................4 Principle of the Experiment ............... 6 Basic Setup ....................6 Experiment 1: Measuring and Calculating Planck’s Constant....9 Experiment 2: Current-Voltage: Constant Frequency......13 Experiment 3: Current-Voltage: Constant Intensity ......

  • Page 3: Equipment List

    Photoelectric Effect Apparatus Model No. AP-8209 Photoelectric Effect Apparatus Model No. AP-8209 Equipment List Included Equipment 1. Optical Filters, Apertures, Caps, and Screws 2. Mercury Light Source Enclosure Replacement Mercury Lamp: AP-8207 3. Base 4. Photodiode Enclosure Replacement Photodiode: AP-8208 5.

  • Page 4: Introduction

    The AP-8209 Photoelectric Effect Apparatus consists of a mercury light source enclosure, a photodiode tube enclosure, a base, the photoelectric effect test instrument, miscellaneous cords and cables, a power supply for the mercury light source and the test instrument, and a box of apertures, filters, caps, and alignment screws.
  • Page 5 Photoelectric Effect Apparatus Model No. AP-8209 In 1901 Max Planck published his theory of radiation. In it he stated that an oscillator, or any similar physical system, has a discrete set of possible energy values or levels; energies between these values never occur. Planck went on to state that the emission and absorption of radiation is associated with transitions or jumps between two energy levels.

  • Page 6: Principle Of The Experiment

    Model No. AP-8209 Photoelectric Effect Apparatus Principle of the Experiment Cathode When incident light shines on the cathode (K), photoelectrons can be emitted and transferred to the anode (A). This constitutes a photocurrent. By changing the voltage between the anode and cathode,...
  • Page 7 Photoelectric Effect Apparatus Model No. AP-8209 Alignment screws Alignment Screws The Mercury Light Source has two small alignment screws on opposite corners of its base. The Photodiode enclosure has slightly larger alignment screws installed along the midline of its base.
  • Page 8 Model No. AP-8209 Photoelectric Effect Apparatus h/e Photoelectric Effect Apparatus The h/e Photoelectric Effect Apparatus has four knobs, three buttons and two digital displays on its front panel, and four ports (labeled A, K, ‘down arrow’, and POWER SUPPLY) on its back panel.

  • Page 9: Experiment 1: Measuring And Calculating Planck's Constant

    Photoelectric Effect Apparatus Model No. AP-8209 Experiment 1: Measuring and Calculating Planck’s Constant, h Preparation before measurement 1. Cover the window of the Mercury Light Source enclosure with the Mercury Lamp Cap from the Optical Filters box. Cover the window of the Photodiode enclosure with the Photodiode Cap from the Optical Filters box.
  • Page 10 Model No. AP-8209 Photoelectric Effect Apparatus 6. Replace the 365 nm filter with the 405 nm filter. 7. Uncover the window of the Mercury Light Source. Spectral lines of 405 nm wavelength will shine on the cathode in the phototube.
  • Page 11 Photoelectric Effect Apparatus Model No. AP-8209 Slope = __________________ h = e x slope = _______________________ 4. Estimate the error in the slope and round your result to the appropriate value. Compare your calculated value of h to the accepted value, h , 6.626 x 10...
  • Page 12 Model No. AP-8209 Photoelectric Effect Apparatus Questions 1. How does your calculated value of h for each different aperture compare to the accepted value, h , 6.626 x 10 J s? 2. How does light intensity affect the Stopping Potential?

  • Page 13: Experiment 2: Current-Voltage: Constant Frequency

    Photoelectric Effect Apparatus Model No. AP-8209 Experiment 2: Measuring Current-Voltage Characteristics of Spectral Lines - Constant Frequency, Different Intensity This section outlines the instructions for measuring and comparing the current versus voltage characteristics of one spectral line at three different light intensities.
  • Page 14 Model No. AP-8209 Photoelectric Effect Apparatus 3. Adjust the –2—+30 V VOLTAGE ADJUST knob so that the current display is zero. Record the voltage and current in Table 4. 4. Increase the voltage by a small amount (for example, 1 V). Record the new voltage and current in Table 4.
  • Page 15 Photoelectric Effect Apparatus Model No. AP-8209 6. Turn off the POWER on the apparatus.Turn off the MERCURY LAMP power switch and the POWER switch on the power supply. Return the apertures, filters, and caps to the OPTICAL FILTERS box. Table 4: Current and Voltage of Spectral Lines λ...
  • Page 16 Model No. AP-8209 Photoelectric Effect Apparatus Notes ®...

  • Page 17: Experiment 3: Current-Voltage: Constant Intensity

    Photoelectric Effect Apparatus Model No. AP-8209 Experiment 3: Measuring Current-Voltage Characteristics of Spectral Lines - Different Frequencies, Constant Intensity This section outlines the instructions for measuring and comparing the current versus voltage characteristics of three spectral lines, 436 nm, 546 nm, and 577 nm, but with the same light intensity.
  • Page 18 Model No. AP-8209 Photoelectric Effect Apparatus 4. Increase the voltage by a small amount (for example, 1 V). Record the new voltage and current in Table 5. 5. Continue to increase the voltage by the same small increment. Record the new voltage and current each time in Table 5.
  • Page 19 Photoelectric Effect Apparatus Model No. AP-8209 Table 5: Current and Voltage of Spectral Lines λ = 435.8 nm V (V) 4 mm dia. I (x 10 λ = 546.1 nm V (V) 4 mm dia. I (x 10 λ = 577.0 nm V (V) 4 mm dia.
  • Page 20 Model No. AP-8209 Photoelectric Effect Apparatus Notes ®...

  • Page 21: Appendix A: Specifications

    The instructions below outline a method for using DataStudio to plot graphs of Stopping Potential versus Frequency or Current versus Voltage. For information on the latest version of DataStudio, go to the PASCO web site (www.pasco.com). Procedure PART 1: Open a new DataStudio file.
  • Page 22 Model No. AP-8209 Photoelectric Effect Apparatus PART 2: Create labels for variables and units. Double-click ‘Editable Data’ in the top of the Summary list to open the Data Properties window. Under ‘Measurement Name’ in the Data Properties window, enter ‘Stopping Potential versus Frequency’ for Experiment 1.

  • Page 23: Appendix C: Technical Support, Copyright, Warranty

    Photoelectric Effect Apparatus Model No. AP-8209 Appendix C: Technical Support, Copyright, Warranty For assistance with the h/e Photoelectric Effect Apparatus (AP-8209) or any other PASCO products, contact PASCO as follows: Address: PASCO scientific 10101 Foothills Blvd. Roseville, CA 95747-7100 Phone: (916) 786-3800...
  • Page 24 Model No. AP-8209 Photoelectric Effect Apparatus Table 6: Stopping Potential of Spectral Lines, 4 mm diameter Aperture Item Wavelength, λ (nm) 365.0 404.7 435.8 546.1 577.0 8.214 7.408 6.879 5.490 5.196 ν= Frequency, c/λ, (x 10 Stopping Potential, V (V) 1.622...
  • Page 25 Photoelectric Effect Apparatus Model No. AP-8209 Table 9: Current and Voltage, Constant Frequency, Different Apertures λ = 435.8 nm V (V) -1.1 2 mm dia. 10.4 11.2 11.9 12.6 13.3 I (x 10 λ = 435.8 nm V (V) -1.1 4 mm dia.
  • Page 26 Model No. AP-8209 Photoelectric Effect Apparatus Student answers will vary. One possible reason for the difference is this: Because the photocurrent is so small, it is somewhat difficult to set the VOLTAGE ADJUST knob to the precise value of stopping potential that will cause the photocurrent to be zero. In addition, nearby electronic devices such as computer monitors may influence the sensitive meters in the apparatus.

  • Page 27: Appendix E: Product End Of Life Disposal Instructions

    Photoelectric Effect Apparatus Model No. AP-8209 Appendix E: Product End of Life Disposal Instructions Product End of Life Disposal Instructions: This electronic product is subject to disposal and recycling regulations that vary by country and region. It is your responsibility to recycle your electronic equipment per your local environmental laws and regulations to ensure that it will be recycled in a manner that protects human health and the environment.

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