Rohde & Schwarz NRT-Z43 Manual
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Rohde & Schwarz NRT-Z43 Manual

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Table of Contents
  • Table of Contents
  • Putting into Operation
  • Unpacking
  • Connecting the Sensor
  • Fig. 1-1 Connection of Power Sensor
  • Connecting the Sensor to the R&S NRT Power Reflection Meter
  • Operating the Sensor on a PC Via the R&S NRT-Z5 USB Interface Adapter
  • Installing Device Drivers
  • Checking and Changing the Virtual COM Port
  • Operating the Sensor on a PC Via the R&S NRT-Z4 PCMCIA Interface Adapter
  • Installing a PCMCIA Interface Card (SIO Card)
  • Operating the Sensor on a PC Via the R&S NRT-Z3 Interface Adapter
  • Connection to AC Supply
  • Fig. 1-2 Connecting the Cable to the PCMCIA Interface Card (SIO Card)
  • Windows User Interface Virtual NRT (Rev. 2.0)
  • Installation
  • Operation
  • Fig. 2-1 Controls
  • Table 2-2 Pop-Up Menus "Settings", "Sensor" and "Options
  • Remote Control
  • Remote Control Via Virtual NRT
  • Remote Control Via Terminal Program
  • Interface Configuration of Sensor
  • Adaptation of Computer Interface
  • Testing the Connection
  • Device-Dependent Messages
  • Structure and Syntax of Device-Dependent Messages
  • Setting Commands and Query Commands
  • Input Parameters
  • Device Responses
  • Checksum Header
  • Status Field
  • Multiple-Line Responses
  • Busy' Status Message
  • Status Messages Via "?"-Command
  • Description of Commands
  • Measurement Functions: Setting Commands
  • Overview of Setting Commands
  • Table 3-1 Setting Commands
  • Burs
  • Ccdf
  • Dir
  • Disp
  • Freq
  • Filt
  • Fig. 3-5 Averaging Filter
  • For
  • Table 3-2 Video Bandwidth Settings for Common Waveforms
  • Fig. 3-7 Definition of Average Burst Power Shown for a Modulated Burst Sequence
  • Mod
  • Offs
  • Pep
  • Port
  • Reset
  • Rev
  • Table 3-3 Reverse Measurement Functions
  • Zero
  • Measurement Functions: Query Commands
  • Short Overview
  • Ftrg
  • Rtrg
  • Table 3-4 Query Commands
  • Spec
  • Table 3-5 Specifications
  • Stat
  • General Commands
  • Short Overview
  • Appl
  • Boot
  • Dma
  • Help
  • Purge
  • Setup
  • Table 3-6 General Commands
  • Service Functions
  • Table 3-7 Service Commands
  • Serv
  • Serv:noise
  • Serv:test
  • Calibration Functions
  • Table 3-8 Calibration Commands
  • Hardware Functions and Command Processing
  • Description of Hardware Functions
  • Description of Command Processing
  • Device Hardware and Data Record
  • Status Reporting System
  • Output Unit
  • Cyclic Background Power and Temperature Measurements
  • Status Reporting System
  • Device Status
  • Error Status
  • Table 3-9 Error Status
  • Occurrence and Causes of Errors
  • Maintenance and Troubleshooting
  • Setting the Baud Rate
  • Firmware Update
  • Fig. 4-1 Setting the Baud Rate (Shown for 19200 Baud)
  • Functional Test
  • Measuring Instruments and Auxiliary Equipment
  • Power-Up Test
  • Selftest
  • Determining Faulty Boards
  • Controller Board
  • Table 4-1 LED Status on Power-Up Test
  • Analog Board
  • Coupler Board
  • Fig. 4-2 Checking the LED Status on Power-Up Test
  • Interface Adapter R&S NRT-Z3
  • Replacement of Expendable Parts
  • Power Sensor Cable
  • RF Connectors
  • Connection Cable for the Interface Adapter R&S NRT-Z3
  • Cleaning and Care
  • Testing the Rated Specifications
  • Measuring Instruments and Auxiliary Equipment
  • Test Sequence
  • Testing the AVG Measurement Function
  • Fig. 5-1 Test Setup for Testing the AVG Power Indication
  • Testing the CCDF Threshold
  • Testing the PEP Function
  • Testing the Directivity
  • Testing the Matching
  • Fig. 5-2 Test Setup for Testing the Matching
  • Table 5-1 Performance Test Report
  • Performance Test Report
  • Annex List of Commands
  • Table A-1 List of All Remote Control Commands

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Manual
Directional Power Sensor
R&S NRT-Z14
1120.5505.02
R&S NRT-Z43
1081.2905.02
1171.6121.35-01
R&S NRT-Z44
1081.1309.02
Test and Measurement
1
E-1

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  • Page 1 Manual Directional Power Sensor R&S NRT-Z14 R&S NRT-Z44 1120.5505.02 1081.1309.02 R&S NRT-Z43 1081.2905.02 Test and Measurement 1171.6121.35-01...
  • Page 2 Dear Customer, R&S® is a registered trademark of Rohde & Schwarz GmbH & Co. KG Trade names are trademarks of the owners.
  • Page 3 R&S NRT-Z14/Z43/Z44 Tabbed Divider Overview Tabbed Divider Overview Contents Safety Instructions EC Certificate of Conformity Customer Support Tabbed Divider Chapter 1: Putting into Operation Chapter 2: Operation via Demo Software Chapter 3: Remote Control Chapter 4: Maintenance and Troubleshooting Chapter 4: Testing the Rated Specifications –...

  • Page 5: Table Of Contents

    R&S NRT-Z14/Z43/Z44 Contents Contents 1 Putting into Operation ..................1.1 Unpacking ..........................1.1 Connecting the Sensor......................1.1 Connecting the Sensor to the R&S NRT Power Reflection Meter........1.3 Operating the Sensor on a PC via the R&S NRT-Z5 USB Interface Adapter ....1.3 1.4.1 Installing Device Drivers....................1.4 1.4.2 Checking and Changing the Virtual COM Port ..............1.5 Operating the Sensor on a PC via the R&S NRT-Z4 PCMCIA Interface Adapter.....1.6 1.5.1 Installing a PCMCIA Interface Card (SIO Card).............1.6...
  • Page 6 Contents R&S NRT-Z14/Z43/Z44 Description of Commands ....................3.11 3.4.1 Measurement Functions: Setting Commands..............3.11 3.4.1.1 Overview of Setting Commands..............3.11 3.4.1.2 BURS ......................3.13 3.4.1.3 CCDF ......................3.13 3.4.1.4 DIR ........................3.14 3.4.1.5 DISP ........................3.14 3.4.1.6 FREQ ......................3.15 3.4.1.7 FILT .........................3.15 3.4.1.8 FOR.........................3.18 3.4.1.9 MOD ........................3.21 3.4.1.10 OFFS ......................3.22 3.4.1.11...
  • Page 7 R&S NRT-Z14/Z43/Z44 Contents 3.6.2 Error Status ........................3.45 3.6.2.1 Occurrence and Causes of Errors ..............3.46 4 Maintenance and Troubleshooting..............4.1 Setting the Baud Rate......................4.1 Firmware Update ........................4.1 Functional Test........................4.2 4.3.1 Measuring Instruments and Auxiliary Equipment............4.2 4.3.2 Power-up Test........................4.2 4.3.3 Selftest ...........................4.3 4.3.4 Determining Faulty Boards.....................4.4 4.3.4.1 Controller Board ....................4.4 4.3.4.2 Analog Board.....................4.5...
  • Page 8 Contents Figures Figures Fig. 1-1 Connection of power sensor....................1.1 Fig. 1-2 Connecting the cable to the PCMCIA interface card (SIO card) ..........1.7 Fig. 2-1 Controls ..........................2.2 Fig. 3-1 Syntax Graph of a Command Line ..................3.6 Fig. 3-2 Syntax graph of floating-point number ..................3.7 Fig.
  • Page 9 NRT-Z43/Z44 Tables Tables Table 2-1 Key groups on the user interface ...................2.3 Table 2-2 Pop-up menus "Settings", "Sensor" and "Options"..............2.4 Table 3-1 Setting Commands.......................3.11 Table 3-2 Video bandwidth settings for common waveforms...............3.18 Table 3-3 Reverse measurement functions ..................3.25 Table 3-4 Query commands .........................3.27 Table 3-5 Specifications ........................3.29...
  • Page 11 Basic Safety Instructions Always read through and comply with the following safety instructions! All plants and locations of the Rohde & Schwarz group of companies make every effort to keep the safety standards of our products up to date and to offer our customers the highest possible degree of safety. Our products and the auxiliary equipment they require are designed, built and tested in accordance with the safety standards that apply in each case.
  • Page 12 Basic Safety Instructions Symbol Meaning Symbol Meaning Caution ! Hot surface Alternating current (AC) Protective conductor terminal Direct/alternating current (DC/AC) To identify any terminal which is intended for connection to an external conductor for protection against electric shock in case of a fault, or the terminal of a protective earth Earth (Ground) Class II Equipment...
  • Page 13 Basic Safety Instructions Operating states and operating positions The product may be operated only under the operating conditions and in the positions specified by the manufacturer, without the product's ventilation being obstructed. If the manufacturer's specifications are not observed, this can result in electric shock, fire and/or serious personal injury or death. Applicable local or national safety regulations and rules for the prevention of accidents must be observed in all work performed.
  • Page 14 Basic Safety Instructions 6. The product may be operated only from TN/TT supply networks fuse-protected with max. 16 A (higher fuse only after consulting with the Rohde & Schwarz group of companies). 7. Do not insert the plug into sockets that are dusty or dirty. Insert the plug firmly and all the way into the socket provided for this purpose.
  • Page 15 Basic Safety Instructions 2. Before you move or transport the product, read and observe the section titled "Transport". 3. As with all industrially manufactured goods, the use of substances that induce an allergic reaction (allergens) such as nickel cannot be generally excluded. If you develop an allergic reaction (such as a skin rash, frequent sneezing, red eyes or respiratory difficulties) when using a Rohde &...
  • Page 16 Basic Safety Instructions 2. Adjustments, replacement of parts, maintenance and repair may be performed only by electrical experts authorized by Rohde & Schwarz. Only original parts may be used for replacing parts relevant to safety (e.g. power switches, power transformers, fuses). A safety test must always be performed after parts relevant to safety have been replaced (visual inspection, protective conductor test, insulation resistance measurement, leakage current measurement, functional test).
  • Page 17 Instrucciones de seguridad elementales Waste disposal/Environmental protection 1. Specially marked equipment has a battery or accumulator that must not be disposed of with unsorted municipal waste, but must be collected separately. It may only be disposed of at a suitable collection point or via a Rohde &...
  • Page 18 Instrucciones de seguridad elementales Se parte del uso correcto del producto para los fines definidos si el producto es utilizado conforme a las indicaciones de la correspondiente documentación del producto y dentro del margen de rendimiento definido (ver hoja de datos, documentación, informaciones de seguridad que siguen). El uso del producto hace necesarios conocimientos técnicos y ciertos conocimientos del idioma inglés.
  • Page 19 Instrucciones de seguridad elementales Símbolo Significado Símbolo Significado Aviso: Cuidado en el manejo de dispositivos Distintivo de la UE para la eliminación por sensibles a la electrostática (ESD) separado de dispositivos eléctricos y electrónicos Más información en la sección "Eliminación/protección del medio ambiente", punto 2.
  • Page 20 Instrucciones de seguridad elementales 1. Si no se convino de otra manera, es para los productos Rohde & Schwarz válido lo que sigue: como posición de funcionamiento se define por principio la posición con el suelo de la caja para abajo, modo de protección IP 2X, uso solamente en estancias interiores, utilización hasta 2000 m sobre el nivel del mar, transporte hasta 4500 m sobre el nivel del mar.
  • Page 21 Instrucciones de seguridad elementales 6. Solamente está permitido el funcionamiento en redes de alimentación TN/TT aseguradas con fusibles de 16 A como máximo (utilización de fusibles de mayor amperaje solo previa consulta con el grupo de empresas Rohde & Schwarz). 7.
  • Page 22 Instrucciones de seguridad elementales Funcionamiento 1. El uso del producto requiere instrucciones especiales y una alta concentración durante el manejo. Debe asegurarse que las personas que manejen el producto estén a la altura de los requerimientos necesarios en cuanto a aptitudes físicas, psíquicas y emocionales, ya que de otra manera no se pueden excluir lesiones o daños de objetos.
  • Page 23 Instrucciones de seguridad elementales Reparación y mantenimiento 1. El producto solamente debe ser abierto por personal especializado con autorización para ello. Antes de manipular el producto o abrirlo, es obligatorio desconectarlo de la tensión de alimentación, para evitar toda posibilidad de choque eléctrico. 2.
  • Page 24 Instrucciones de seguridad elementales 2. Las asas instaladas en los productos sirven solamente de ayuda para el transporte del producto por personas. Por eso no está permitido utilizar las asas para la sujeción en o sobre medios de transporte como p. ej. grúas, carretillas elevadoras de horquilla, carros etc. Es responsabilidad suya fijar los productos de manera segura a los medios de transporte o elevación.
  • Page 25 Quality management Certified Quality System ISO 9001 and environmental Certified Environmental System management ISO 14001 Sehr geehrter Kunde, Dear customer, Cher client, Sie haben sich für den Kauf You have decided to buy a Vous avez choisi d’acheter un eines Rohde & Schwarz Produk- Rohde &...
  • Page 26 Customer Support Technical support – where and when you need it For quick, expert help with any Rohde & Schwarz equipment, contact one of our Customer Support Centers. A team of highly qualified engineers provides telephone support and will work with you to find a solution to your query on any aspect of the operation, programming or applications of Rohde &...

  • Page 28: Putting Into Operation

    Connecting the sensors the other way round is advisable if the average of forward powers below 7.5 W (R&S NRT-Z43) or below 30 W (R&S NRT-Z44) is to be measured with high accuracy and matching measurements are of secondary importance.

  • Page 29: Connecting The Sensor To The R&S Nrt Power Reflection Meter

    Putting into Operation R&S NRT-Z43/Z44 CAUTION Do not exceed permissible continuous loading (see diagram on the rear). Switch sensor into test circuit only with the RF power switched off. Tighten RF connector by hand. Do not leave any RF port (1 or 2) open when handling high power! Non-observance may cause injuries, i.e.

  • Page 30: Installing Device Drivers

    R&S R&S NRT-Z43/Z44 Putting into Operation The PC operating system must support the USB and the device driver for the R&S NRT-Z5. This is the case for Windows™ 2000, Windows™ XP and Windows™ Vista. 1.4.1 Installing Device Drivers For the R&S NRT-Z5 USB interface driver, two device drivers must be installed (for the USB interface and the virtual COM port).

  • Page 31: Checking And Changing The Virtual Com Port

    Putting into Operation R&S NRT-Z43/Z44 Click Finish. The wizard for finding new hardware will start a second time: Click Next. If the first part of the installation was completed successfully, the following window will appear: Click Finish to conclude the installation of the device drivers. Now connect the sensor to the R&S NRT-Z5 interface adapter and test the function using the Windows user interface (chapter 2).

  • Page 32: Operating The Sensor On A Pc Via The R&S Nrt-Z4 Pcmcia Interface Adapter

    R&S R&S NRT-Z43/Z44 Putting into Operation Select the Port Settings tab and click the Advanced… button Under COM Port Number, change the virtual COM port and click OK Operating the Sensor on a PC via the R&S NRT-Z4 PCMCIA Interface Adapter These applications require a controller with a PCMCIA type II connector and an R&S NRT-Z4 interface...

  • Page 33: Operating The Sensor On A Pc Via The R&S Nrt-Z3 Interface Adapter

    Operating the Sensor on a PC via the R&S NRT-Z3 Interface Adapter The R&S NRT-Z43 and R&S NRT-Z44 directional power sensors have been devised as self-contained measuring instruments with remote-control capability via a serial RS- 422 interface and can therefore be operated from a suitable computer. For use with a PC or laptop, the R&S NRT-Z3 interface adapter is available for connecting the R&S...

  • Page 34: Windows User Interface Virtual Nrt (Rev. 2.0)

    User Interface Virtual NRT (Rev. 2.0) The disks or the CD-ROM supplied with the R&S NRT-Z43/-Z44 sensors contain a program simulating the main measurement functions of the R&S NRT base unit in the form of a Windows user interface. The user interface was generated using the LabWindows CVI 5.01 development tool from National In- struments.

  • Page 35: Fig. 2-1 Controls

    Virtual NRT R&S NRT-Z43/Z44 Setting of video Properties and Recording of measured values Entry of limits for settings of the and averaging terminal emulation of control of measured power sensor filters RS-232 interface values Reference plane Enhancement of accuracy Entry of test...
  • Page 36 R&S NRT-Z43/Z44 Virtual NRT Table 2-1 Key groups on the user interface General Designation Meaning Section Parameter/Setting Switchover between forward power and absorbed power Average power Power BURST USER Average burst power (calculated) measurement BURST AUTO Average burst power (measured) 3.4.1.8...

  • Page 37: Table 2-2 Pop-Up Menus "Settings", "Sensor" And "Options

    WCDMA... / Chip Rate Video filter setting 4 kHz 4 kHz Video 200 kHz Video filter setting 200 kHz Video filter setting Full 4 MHz (R&S NRT-Z43/-Z44) 600 kHz (R&S NRT-Z14) Smoothing Auto Automatic setting of averaging filter 3.4.1.7 Menu (result-dependent)
  • Page 38 R&S NRT-Z43/Z44 Virtual NRT 1st Level 2nd Level Meaning Section Dimensionless numeric value for -------- Upper / Lower upper/lower limit of monitored limit interval Menu Condition for warning to be -------- Limit entries Warning if inside / displayed or for triggering...
  • Page 39 Virtual NRT R&S NRT-Z43/Z44 Recording measured data via the Options - Record functions... menu The REC key opens a window for recording the measured values and displaying them graphically. The essential functions are described below. The name of the file used to store the measured values is entered File Name field in this field.
  • Page 40 R&S NRT-Z43/Z44 Virtual NRT Enables continuous recording of measurement results. Auto Measurement window Guardband triggered Enables (a) measurement(s) as soon as the condition set in the Limits! menu (menu bar) is fulfilled. The time interval between the measurements is as set under Interval [s].

  • Page 42: Remote Control

    Remote Control This section is mainly directed at users who want to integrate Directional Power Sensors R&S NRT-Z14, R&S NRT-Z43 and R&S NRT-Z44 into a remote-control measurement system or use the functions that are beyond the ordinary measurement mode. Remote Control via Virtual NRT The program Virtual NRT allows to interrupt measurements controlled via the graphical user interface any time and to communicate with the sensor directly.

  • Page 43: Remote Control Via Terminal Program

    The connection to the sensor should now be established (for test of connection see next section). Note: On exiting Hypertrm.exe, the user is prompted to save the R&S NRT-Z43/Z44 session. If Yes is entered, a new symbol with the name NRT_Zxx.ht will be generated in the Hyper Terminal file.

  • Page 44: Testing The Connection

    Remote Control via Terminal Program 3.2.3 Testing the Connection The Directional Power Sensors R&S NRT-Z43 and R&S NRT-Z44 re ready for operation immediately on power-up. If an entry is made, the sensors should respond with one or several lines. Example:...
  • Page 45 Remote Control via Terminal Program R&S NRT-Z14/Z43/Z44 Note on switch-on phase: On power-up, the sensor is in the boot mode. In this mode, new firmware can be loaded. The boot mode is exited automatically after 10 s, or with the appl command.

  • Page 46: Device-Dependent Messages

    A message sent to the sensor may be max. 255 characters long. Accepted end-of-line characters are all characters in the ASCII code range 1 to 13 (0D hex). Power Sensor R&S NRT-Z43/Z44 terminates its responses with the character combination 13 (0D hex) + 10 (0A hex).

  • Page 47: Input Parameters

    Input Parameters Input parameters can represent several data types: floating-point numbers, integers and text: are understood by the sensors R&S NRT-Z43 and R&S NRT-Z44 in all common Floating-point representations. It is allowed to omit leading zeros, positive signs of mantissas or numbers exponents, and a decimal point at the rightmost digit of the mantissa.

  • Page 48: Device Responses

    R&S NRT-Z14/Z43/Z44 Device-Dependent Messages Mantissa Mantisse Exponent Fig. 3-2 Syntax graph of floating-point number Integers may have a positive or negative sign depending on the range of values. Positive signs may be omitted. If an integer parameter contains a character not belonging to the character set [0 to 9, +, -], the character in question and all subsequent charac- ters will be ignored.

  • Page 49: Checksum Header

    Device-Dependent Messages R&S NRT-Z14/Z43/Z44 3.3.3.1 Checksum Header A checksum header is placed at the beginning of each response line to enable the detection of trans- mission errors. The header starts with ‘ ’, which is followed by the last two digits of the hexadecimal checksum and a blank: @EF +8.1234E-02 3.4567E-03____________________ The checksum is formed from the sum of all ASCII codes from the fifth character.

  • Page 50: Multiple-Line Responses

    R&S NRT-Z14/Z43/Z44 Device-Dependent Messages Examples of device responses with status field upon triggering a measured value: DISP:STAT ON, FTRG @HH +2.1234E+01 3.4567E-03 __avpw15511_________ The response is valid: no hardware error, no overrange or underrange. The indicated measured values are the average powers in the forward and reverse channels. Averaging was made over 2 = 32 values in each channel.

  • Page 51: Status Messages Via "?"-Command

    Device-Dependent Messages R&S NRT-Z14/Z43/Z44 3.3.3.5 Status Messages via "?"-Command Depending on the operating mode of the sensor the command "?" can cause two different responses: @HH occupied_____... @HH idle_____... These responses are not subject to any processing time. idle indicates that the sensor is waiting for new commands to be executed immediately.

  • Page 52: Description Of Commands

    (in conjunction with FILT:AVER:MODE AUTO) FILT:VID 2E5 (Hz) R&S NRT-Z43/-Z44 Video filter in setting 4 kHz, 200 kHz or 4 MHz 4E3, 2E5, 4E6 (Hz) 2E5 (Hz) R&S NRT-Z14 Video filter in setting 4 kHz, 200 kHz or 4 MHz 4E3, 2E5, 6E5 (Hz) 1081.1309.02...
  • Page 53 MOD:RATE 0 to 8.2E6 (s 4.096E6 (s WCDMA chip-Rate (only R&S NRT- Z43/-Z44) MOD:TYPE R&S NRT-Z43/-Z44: Select communication standard IS95 | WCDMA | DVBT | DAB | EDGE |TETRA | R&S NRT-Z14: Modulation correction off EDGE |TETRA | OFFS 0 to 100 (dB)

  • Page 54: Burs

    Input range: 1 to 300 (R&S NRT-Z14/-Z44) 0.25 to 75 (R&S NRT-Z43) Default setting: The CCDF function (complementary cumulative distribution function) measures the probability of the forward power envelope to exceed a given threshold (see section 3.4.1.8, FOR:CCDF). The threshold is entered with command CCDF.

  • Page 55: Dir

    (CCDF). To connect the power sensor, the other way round (ie source at port 2) is advisable if high-speed average measurements are to be made of forward powers below 7.5 W (R&S NRT-Z43) or 30 W (R&S NRT-Z14/-Z44) and less importance is attached to SWR measurements. 1>2 The wave from port 1 to port 2 is defined as the forward wave.

  • Page 56: Freq

    3.4.1.6 FREQ Parameters: Carrier frequency in Hz Input range: 2E8 to 4E9 (R&S NRT-Z43/-Z44) 2E6 to 1E9 (R&S NRT-Z14) Default setting: (R&S NRT-Z43/-Z44) (R&S NRT-Z14) This command is used for transmitting the carrier frequency of the test signal to the power sensor. With this information it is possible to take into account the characteristic frequency response of a power sen- sor and correct results accordingly.
  • Page 57 Measurement Functions: Setting Commands R&S NRT-Z14/Z43/Z44 FILT:AVER:COUN Parameters: 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 128, 256 Default setting: With this command, a unique, fixed count of the averaging filter can be entered for all measurement paths (average forward power, average reverse power, peak power and CCDF function). If the entry is valid, the USER mode is automatically switched on and automatic filtering switched off (see com- mand FILT:AVER:MODE).
  • Page 58 In the case of automatic filtering, the average of forward power above 0.1 W (R&S NRT-Z43) or 1 W (R&S NRT-Z14/-Z44) can be displayed with 3½ (LOW) or 4½ digits (HIGH). The command FILT:RES LOW|HIGH will always result in automatic averaging;...

  • Page 59: For

    DAB/DVB-T --------------- (4 MHz) *) *) To increase the measurement accuracy also activate the modulation correction (see section 3.4.1.9). **) 6E5 only R&S NRT-Z14 4E6 only R&S NRT-Z43/-Z44 3.4.1.8 Function descriptors: AVER, CBAV, CCDF, CF, MBAV, PEP Default setting: AVER The commands of this group are used for setting the forward measurement function (see also sec- tion 3.4.1.5, DISP).

  • Page 60: Fig. 3-7 Definition Of Average Burst Power Shown For A Modulated Burst Sequence

    R&S NRT-Z14/Z43/Z44 Measurement Functions: Setting Commands FOR:CBAV Determination of average power of modulated or unmodulated RF bursts (CBAV: calculated burst average). The CBAV value is calculated from the average power and the duty cycle. For the CBAV function, the duty cycle must be defined (in contrast to the MBAV function, see below). The duty cy- cle is defined by entering the burst width (WIDT) and the burst period (PER) (see section 3.4.1.2, BURS).
  • Page 61 The duty cycle should not be below 10% and the average burst power not below 0.5 W (R&S NRT-Z43) and 2 W (R&S NRT-Z44) to ensure the required measurement accuracy. The accuracy for digitally modulated signals can be increased by activating the modulation correction (see section 3.4.1.9).

  • Page 62: Mod

    The corrections always apply to the measurement functions FOR: AVER, FOR: CBAV and FOR: MBAV. For standards IS95, WCDMA, DVBT and DAB (R&S NRT-Z43/-Z44 only), they also apply to the meas- urement functions FOR: CCDF, FOR: CF und FOR: PEP.

  • Page 63: Offs

    MODULATION are proportional to power for the AVG and AV.BRST functions. Since they are only a few per cent at nominal power (30 W for R&S NRT-Z43, 120 W for R&S NRT-Z44), the modulation correction will practically have no effect at much lower po- wer values, i.e.

  • Page 64: Port

    R&S NRT-Z14/Z43/Z44 Measurement Functions: Setting Commands 3.4.1.12 PORT Parameters: SOUR, LOAD Default setting: LOAD PORT With the command, the source (SOUR) or the load (LOAD) can be selected as the reference plane for the measurement. This difference has to be made to meet more stringent measurement accu- racy requirements since the power sensor absorbs part of the RF power and thus the outgoing waves from the power sensor are reduced by the insertion loss in comparison with the incoming waves (Fig.

  • Page 65: Reset

    Measurement Functions: Setting Commands R&S NRT-Z14/Z43/Z44 OFFSET (SOURCE) OFFSET (SOURCE) OFFSET (LOAD) OFFSET (LOAD) in dB in dB in dB in dB Measurement point "LOAD" Measurement point "SOURCE" Position Fig. 3-10 Definition of test position 3.4.1.13 RESET The RESET command causes all input parameters to be overwritten with their default values (see col- umn Default setting in section 3.4.1.1).

  • Page 66: Table 3-3 Reverse Measurement Functions

    R&S NRT-Z14/Z43/Z44 Measurement Functions: Setting Commands Table 3-3 Reverse measurement functions Forward measurement function Measured quantity for reverse function REV:POW AVER Average forward power Average reverse power CBAV Average forward burst power (calculated) Average reverse burst power (calculated) CCDF Complementary cumulative distribution Average forward power function Crest factor...

  • Page 67: Zero

    RF power switched off, and taken into account in the subsequent measurements. The function PEP with active modulation correction forms an exception: After zeroing, residual zero offsets of up to approx. 1.5 W (R&S NRT-Z44) or 0.4 W (R&S NRT-Z43) are absolutely normal (see section 3.4.1.9).

  • Page 68: Measurement Functions: Query Commands

    R&S NRT-Z14/Z43/Z44 Measurement Functions: Query Commands 3.4.2 Measurement Functions: Query Commands 3.4.2.1 Short Overview Table 3-4 Query commands Command Response Description FTRG Result Reads the result last obtained with free-running measurements (free-running trigger) RTRG Result Causes a triggered measurement (remote trigger) to be performed and outputs the result SPEC Specifications...

  • Page 69: Spec

    R&S NRT can perform sensor-specific scaling and recognize the limit values of input parameters. A multiple-line response with the following structure is obtained: SPEC @28 pack 72 @A4 01 ID:ID:Rohde & Schwarz NRT-Z43 V1.40 @53 02 ID:SER @61 03 ID:CAL:REV @44 04 ID:CAL:LAB...

  • Page 70: Table 3-5 Specifications

    @93 70 OFFS:RANG:LOW 0 @F8 71 OFFS:RANG:UPP 100 @72 72 OFFS:RANG:DEF 0 The table below explains the meaning of data read out of the Directional Power Sensors R&S NRT-Z43 and R&S NRT-Z44 by means of the SPEC command. Table 3-5...
  • Page 71 Measurement Functions: Query Commands R&S NRT-Z14/Z43/Z44 Line Parameter Meaning FREQ:RANG:LOW Lower frequency limit FREQ:RANG:UPP Upper frequency limit FREQ:RANG:DEF Default frequency Nominal power Characteristic impedance FORW:AVER:RANG:LOW Lower measurement limit for average forward power in W, direction 1>2 FORW:AVER:RANG:UPP Upper measurement limit for average forward power in W, direction 1>2 FORW:AVER:RANG:LSD Least significant digit of measured value with decimal notation in W Example: -3 means that results are represented including the mW position...

  • Page 72: Stat

    R&S NRT-Z14/Z43/Z44 Measurement Functions: Query Commands Line Parameter Meaning MOD:TYPE:ST Communication standards with modulation correction MOD:RATE LOW Minimum chip rate for modulation correction MOD:RATE UPP Maximum chip rate for modulation correction MOD:RATE DEF Default chip rate for modulation correction OFFS:RANG:LOW Minimum attenuation correction (connecting RF cable) OFFS:RANG:UPP Maximum attenuation correction (connecting RF cable)
  • Page 73 Measurement Functions: Query Commands R&S NRT-Z14/Z43/Z44 @48 27 C eff2 7.0000E-11 @4E 28 Measured parameters: @50 29 Average zero value ADC1: -3.3953E-06 @47 30 Average zero value ADC2: -2.5194E-06 @3A 31 PEP zero value for 4kHz: +6.4601E-06 @56 32 PEP zero value for 200kHz: -3.2413E-05 @27 33 PEP zero value for 4MHz: -1.5866E-04 @E2 34 Current temperature:...
  • Page 74 R&S NRT-Z14/Z43/Z44 Measurement Functions: Query Commands STAT:ERR:CODE The error status can be output in the form of a bit code for fast evaluation. . Each error condition is assigned one bit (see Table 3-9). Erroneous parameters are indicated by 1, correct parameters by 0. For the above example, the following bit code would be obtained: @73 00000000010000000101_________________________ bit no.

  • Page 75: General Commands

    General Commands R&S NRT-Z14/Z43/Z44 3.4.3 General Commands 3.4.3.1 Short Overview Table 3-6 General Commands Command Parameter Default Description / Response setting APPL Displays the operating mode (BOOT / OPER) and activates the measurement mode from the boot mode BOOT Activates the boot mode ON / OFF Activates/Deactivates the filling-up of device response lines to 50 characters...

  • Page 76: Dma

    R&S NRT-Z14/Z43/Z44 General Commands 3.4.3.4 Parameter: ON / OFF Default setting: The DMA ON command allows all response lines to be filled up to a uniform length of 50 characters including the two end-of-line characters. This enables DMA-supported reception of device re- sponses.

  • Page 77: Purge

    General Commands R&S NRT-Z14/Z43/Z44 @3F 04 ftrg - free run trigger_________________ all calibration commands CALIB:HELP @27 pack 26 @50 01 acal - auto calibration of ADCs @C9 02 calc - calculation of lin. coefficients @58 03 ccdf - CCDF calibration @0E 04 err - calibration errors (calib:help) @FD 05 fcorr1 - freq.

  • Page 78: Service Functions

    R&S NRT-Z14/Z43/Z44 Service Functions 3.4.4 Service Functions All commands including the SERV group descriptor make access to functions intended for troubleshoot- ing and repair rather than for the normal measurement mode. Except for a few, these commands are therefore not described in detail in this manual but a list is given instead. Table 3-7 Service commands Command...

  • Page 79: Serv

    Service Functions R&S NRT-Z14/Z43/Z44 Command Parameter Default set- Description / Response ting SERV :GNDON Takes input to CCDF circuit to ground and opens signal paths via the three video filters :HW:…. Command group acting on all control lines (HW:HELP) :HWCODE Reads the hardware status :INSLSS Outputs the ratio of output power to input power for instan-...

  • Page 80: Serv:noise

    R&S NRT-Z14/Z43/Z44 Service Functions 3.4.4.1 SERV:CS Function descriptors: BOOT, APPL, FLASH, CAL Response: hexadecimal 7-digit checksum SERV:CS:BOOT This command delivers a checksum of the boot block. SERV:CS:APPL This command delivers a checksum across the test program. The separation of boot block and test program is necessary for a clear identification of the two software blocks.

  • Page 81: Serv:test

    Service Functions R&S NRT-Z14/Z43/Z44 3.4.4.3 SERV:TEST Response: ERROR The SERV:TEST command triggers a selftest and updates the error status, which can be read with ERROR the commands of the STAT:ERR group (see 3.4.2.5, STAT). is output only if a hardware er- ror has occurred.

  • Page 82: Calibration Functions

    R&S NRT-Z14/Z43/Z44 Calibration Functions 3.4.5 Calibration Functions All commands including the CALIB group descriptor relate to the calibration of Directional Power Sensor R&S NRT-Z43/Z44. They are listed in the table below in alphabetical order. . Table 3-8 Calibration commands Command Parameter...

  • Page 83: Hardware Functions And Command Processing

    Fig. 3-11 Functional diagram of hardware The Directional Power Sensors R&S NRT-Z14, R&S NRT-Z43 and R&S NRT-Z44 are connected be- tween the source and the load (see Fig. 1-1). Two RF signals proportional to the forward wave (from the source to the load) and the reflected wave (from the load to the source) are available at the outputs of the directional coupler.

  • Page 84: Description Of Command Processing

    R&S NRT-Z14/Z43/Z44 Hardware Functions and Command Processing Digitization is performed by means of two highly linear A/D converters (F-ADC and R-ADC) with two measurement channels each. The preset measurement time of the two converters is 37 ms. This time can be varied by means of command FILT:INT:TIME (see section 3.4.1.7). Further parameters such as temperature and various test voltages can be measured during normal operation or in selftests by means of the multiplexer connected ahead of the reverse AD converter.

  • Page 85: Device Hardware And Data Record

    Hardware Functions and Command Processing R&S NRT-Z14/Z43/Z44 Syntax errors are passed on from the command detection circuit to the error handling unit. The rest of the command line is analyzed and processed as far as possible. 3.5.2.1 Device Hardware and Data Record Device hardware is understood to be the analog circuitry used for performing the measurement func- tions.

  • Page 86: Status Reporting System

    R&S NRT-Z14/Z43/Z44 Status Reporting System Status Reporting System The status reporting system provides information on the current status of the sensor. A differentiation is made between “error status“ and “device status“. The device status describes the status of all device settings.

  • Page 87: Occurrence And Causes Of Errors

    Status Reporting System R&S NRT-Z14/Z43/Z44 Error description Cause Faulty board PERMANENT ERRORS COMMUNICATION ADC 1 ERROR Communication error between A/D converter in for- Controller board ward channel (D14) and processor Analog board COMMUNICATION ADC 2 ERROR Communication error between A/D converter in re- Controller board verse channel (D15) and processor Analog board...
  • Page 88 R&S NRT-Z14/Z43/Z44 Status Reporting System Error 7 may occur only when leaving the calibration mode (see CALIB:LOCK). With success- ful calibration, the calibration data are written into the FRAM upon leaving the calibra- tion mode. Possible causes of error: defective FRAM or a power supply fault. Error 6 may occur only upon power-up.

  • Page 89: Maintenance And Troubleshooting

    R&S NRT-Z14/-Z43/Z44 Maintenance and Troubleshooting 4 Maintenance and Troubleshooting 4.1 Setting the Baud Rate The serial interface is factory-set to 38400 baud, which is compatible with the R&S NRT basic unit. If the power sensor is operated via the serial interface of a PC (with Interface Adapter R&S NRT-Z3 or R&S NRT-Z4), a lower baud rate may be required.

  • Page 90: Functional Test

    (via terminal program or Virtual NRT in Direct Communication mode): The Directional Power Sensors R&S NRT-Z14, R&S NRT-Z43 and R&S NRT-Z44 perform an automatic test of all hardware parameters approx. 10 s after power-up. The result is recorded as error status (see section 3.6.2) and can be queried by means of the commands STAT:ERR:CODE and STAT:ERR:TEXT...

  • Page 91: Selftest

    R&S NRT-Z14/-Z43/Z44 Maintenance and Troubleshooting 4.3.3 Selftest A selftest can be triggered at any time via the serial interface (see section 3.4.4.3, SERV:TEST), and the error status can be read (see section 3.4.2.5, STAT). The scope of the selftest is approximately the same as that of the power-up test.

  • Page 92: Determining Faulty Boards

    If it is not possible at all to establish contact with the power sensor, the LED on the controller board may be used as additional test device. The condition for the optical test is that the Directional Power Sensors R&S NRT-Z14, R&S NRT-Z43 or R&S NRT-Z44 are not addressed via the serial interface after the operating voltage has been applied.

  • Page 93: Analog Board

    Checking the LED status on power-up test 4.3.4.2 Analog Board R&S NRT-Z14: (Stock number 1165.2605.14) R&S NRT-Z43/-Z44: (Stock number 1165.2605.02) The Analog Board handles the complete signal processing for the output signals of the Coupler Board (see block diagram and description of function in section 3.5.1).

  • Page 94: Interface Adapter R&S Nrt-Z3

    Maintenance and Troubleshooting R&S NRT-Z14/-Z43/Z44 4.3.4.4 Interface Adapter R&S NRT-Z3 (Stock number 1081.2705.02) Test: Perform the selftest according to section 4.3.3. In the case of a fault, check the +5-V supply voltage at N2.1. Use the oscilloscope to test the pins TXD+, TXD-, RXD+ and RXD- of the serial RS-422 interface (N19) as well as the TXD and RXD pin of the RS- 232 interface (D1).

  • Page 95: Replacement Of Expendable Parts

    R&S NRT-Z14/-Z43/Z44 Maintenance and Troubleshooting 4.4 Replacement of Expendable Parts Connection cables and RF connectors are often subject to particular wear. If they are damaged, they can be replaced without the need for a new calibration. 4.4.1 Power Sensor Cable Before opening the power sensor, disconnect the sensor cable from the R&S NRT or NOTICE Interface Adapter R&S NRT-Z3 OR R&S NRT-Z4.

  • Page 96: Connection Cable For The Interface Adapter R&S Nrt-Z3

    Maintenance and Troubleshooting R&S NRT-Z14/-Z43/Z44 4.4.3 Connection Cable for the Interface Adapter R&S NRT-Z3 NOTICE Before opening the adapter disconnect jack plug. Opening the adapter: Press the lower semicircular plastic part together on the sides and remove both plastic parts. Loosen the four Phillips screws on the shielding cover and remove together with the shielding cover.

  • Page 97: Testing The Rated Specifications

    Virtual NRT 4.2.4.1...4.2.4.4 5.2.1...5.2.4 Signal generator SMT 06 1039.2000.06 4.2.4.2 0,4 GHz to 4 GHz (R&S NRT-Z43/-Z44) 5.2.1...5.2.4 25 MHz to 1 GHz (R&S NRT-Z14) Power amplifier 4.2.4.2 0,4 GHz to 4 GHz (R&S NRT-Z43/-Z44) 5.2.1...5.2.4 25 MHz to 1 GHz (R&S NRT-Z14) output power min.

  • Page 98: Test Sequence

    Prior to the first measurement perform zeroing on both instruments. Switch on output power on generator (test signal not modulated). Set level such that a power of approx. 1 W (for R&S NRT-Z43) or 4 W (for R&S NRT-Z14/-Z44) is measured on the reference power meter.

  • Page 99: Testing The Ccdf Threshold

    R&S NRT-Z14/-Z43/Z44 Testing the Rated Specifications Calculate the power deviation of the device under test according to the following formula: = 100% · [( P ) - 1 Use the power sensor in reverse mode, calculate the power deviation for the reverse direction and compare with Performance Test Report.

  • Page 100: Testing The Directivity

    (both directions) of the power sensor in the frequency range 0.4 GHz to 4 GHz (R&S NRT-Z43/-Z44) eg. 25 MHz to 1 GHz (R&S NRT-Z14) and record the maximum values of both directions for the specified frequency ranges.

  • Page 101: Table 5-1 Performance Test Report

    R&S NRT-Z14/-Z43/Z44 Testing the Rated Specifications 5.3 Performance Test Report R&S Directional Power Sensor R&S NRT-Z43/Z44 Name: ......R&S NRT-Z43, stock number 1081.2905.02 Date: ......R&S NRT-Z44, stock number 1081.1309.02 Serial No......Table 5-1: Performance Test Report Item Measure act.

  • Page 102: Performance Test Report

    Testing the Rated Specifications R&S NRT-Z14/-Z43/Z44 Performance Test Report R&S Directional Power Sensor R&S NRT-Z14 Name: ......Stock number 1120.5505.02 Date: ......Table 5-2: Performance Test Report Serial No......Item Measure act. Characteristic according Min. Max. Unit section AVG power indication 5.2.1 25 MHz 25 MHz...

  • Page 103: Annex List Of Commands

    NRT-Z43/44 List of Commands Annex List of Commands The following list contains all commands of the sensor including their parameters, the default setting and a short description. For service and calibration functions refer to Table 3-7 and Table 3-8. The page numbers quoted refer to the detailed command description given in section 3.4.
  • Page 104 R&S NRT-Z14/Z43/Z44 Index Index MOD...............3.21 OFFS ..............3.22 PEP................3.22 ? (command) ..............3.10 PORT ..............3.23 PURGE ..............3.36 Query ...............3.5 Query command .............3.27 A/D converters RESET ..............3.24 Integration time ............3.16 REV................3.24 Adapter ................1.6 RTRG ..............3.27 Analog Board Service ..............3.37 Troubleshooting ............4.5 Setting ..............3.5 Attenuation (RF cable) ..........
  • Page 105 Index R&S NRT-Z14/Z43/Z44 permanent.............. 3.45 Matching temporary............... 3.45 Testing of ..............5.4 Error status ..........3.31, 3.45, 4.2 Measurement mode Expendable Parts Switch on..............3.34 Replacement of............4.7 Measuring Instruments ...........5.1 Measuring instruments (troubleshooting) ......4.2 Message line ..............3.5 Multiple-line responses ...........3.9 Filter................3.15 Averaging...............

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