FAR 12.211 (Technical Data) and 12.212 (Computer Software) and, for the Department of Defense, DFARS 252.227-7015 (Technical Data - Commercial Items) and DFARS 227.7202-3 (Rights in Commercial Computer Software or Com- puter Software Documentation). U2000 Series Operating and Service Guide...
Certification Keysight Technologies certifies that this product met its published specifications at the time of shipment from the factory. Keysight Technologies further certifies that its calibration measurements are traceable to the United States National Institute of Standard and Technology, to the extent allowed by the Institute’s calibration facility, and to the calibration facilities of other International Standard Organization members.
Failure to comply with these precautions or with specific warnings elsewhere in this manual violates safety standards of design, manufacture, and intended use of the instrument. Keysight Technologies assumes no liability for the customer’s failure to comply with these requirements. Safety Notices A WARNING notice denotes a hazard.
Earth (ground) terminal manual for specific Warning or Caution information). Protective conductor terminal Caution, hot surface. Frame or chassis terminal Out position of a bi-stable push control. Equipotentiality In position of a bi-stable push control. U2000 Series Operating and Service Guide...
The affixed product label indicates that you must not discard this electri- cal/electronic product in domestic household waste. ICES/NMB-001 indicates that this ISM device complies with Canadian ICES-001. ICES/NMB - 001 Cet appareil ISM est confomre à la norme NMB-001 du Canada U2000 Series Operating and Service Guide...
“Monitoring and Control Instrument” product. The affixed product label is shown as below: Do not dispose in domestic household waste To return this unwanted instrument, contact your nearest Keysight office, or visit www.keysight.com/environment/product for more information. VIII U2000 Series Operating and Service Guide...
Keysight Technologies assumes no liability for the customer’s failure to comply with these requirements. BEFORE CONNECTING THE POWER SENSOR TO OTHER INSTRUMENTS...
Non-operating up to 4,600 metres (15, 000 feet) Pollution Degree 2 The Keysight U2000 Series USB power sensors comply with the following safety C A U T I O N and EMC requirements: • IEC 61010-1:2001 / EN 61010-1:2001 (2nd edition) •...
Page 12
Keysight Web site. You can search the DoC by its product model or description at the Web address below. http://regulations.products.keysight.com/DoC/search.htm If you are unable to search for the respective DoC, please contact your N O T E local Keysight representative. U2000 Series Operating and Service Guide...
Page 13
THIS PAGE HAS BEEN INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK. U2000 Series Operating and Service Guide...
Introduction 2 Power Sensor Overview 3 • LED Indicator Guide 4 Principles of Operation 6 The U2000 Series USB Power Sensors in Detail 9 Initial Inspection 11 • Package Contents Checklist 11 Hardware Installation and Configuration 12 • System Requirements 12 •...
Page 15
• Frequency and Power Ranges 38 • Connector Type 38 • Maximum SWR (25 °C ±10 °C) 39 • SWR Plots for U2000 Series USB Power Sensors 40 • Maximum SWR (0 °C to 55 °C) 45 • Maximum Power 47 •...
Page 16
Service 76 Troubleshooting 76 Repairing a Defective Sensor 76 Disassembly and Reassembly Procedure 77 Attenuator Disassembly and Reassembly Procedure for U2000B and U2001B 79 Appendix Appendix A: Zero Set, Zero Drift, and Measurement Noise 82 U2000 Series Operating and Service Guide...
Page 17
THIS PAGE HAS BEEN INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK. U2000 Series Operating and Service Guide...
Page 18
Figure 3-12 Typical power accuracy at 25 °C for U2000/1/2H models Figure 3-13 Settling time with auto filter, default resolution, and a 10 dB decreasing power step (not across the switching point) 60 U2000 Series Operating and Service Guide XVII...
Page 19
THIS PAGE HAS BEEN INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK. XVIII U2000 Series Operating and Service Guide...
Page 20
Table 4-10 Replaceable Parts 75 Table 4-11 Disassembly Procedure 77 Table 4-12 Attenuator Disassembly Procedure 79 Table 4-13 Attenuator Reassembly Procedure 80 Table A-1 Zero Set, Zero Drift, and Measurement Noise for Average only Mode 82 U2000 Series Operating and Service Guide...
Page 21
THIS PAGE HAS BEEN INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK. U2000 Series Operating and Service Guide...
Hardware Installation and Configuration 12 Checking the Power Sensor Firmware 19 This chapter introduces the Keysight U2000 Series USB power sensor with detailed information on the principles of operation, initial inspection, hardware installation and configuration, and a brief introduction of the...
USB connectivity to a PC or laptop, thus eliminating the need for a separate conventional power meter. The power sensors also compatible with some selected USB- based instruments from Keysight. The figure below shows the Keysight U2000 Series USB power sensors family. U2000A...
DO NOT remove or disassemble the gold connector on the U2002H. This is a fixed body C A U T I O N part of the U2002H. Removing this connector will make the sensor defective. U2000 Series Operating and Service Guide...
Example of error cause: 1 SCPI command syntax error 2 Invalid Zero AMBER Zeroing is in progress. Sending SCPI commands during the zeroing process will cause error. This will cause the LED indicator to turn RED. U2000 Series Operating and Service Guide...
Getting Started Power Up HW/OS Error USB Enumeration GREEN Blinking Blinking Self-test fail Self-test GREEN Blinking Blinking Internal Zeroing - Default AMBER Read Figure 1-1 LED indicator sequence during power-up U2000 Series Operating and Service Guide...
The new U2000 Series includes all the signal conditioning and analog- to- digital formatting functions that have been in use for several years. Thus, you can be assured that the U2000 Series USB power sensor will deliver highly predictable results.
Page 28
Figure 1- 3. The trigger input port which is based on TTL enables the sensor to synchronize with events. The U2000 Series supports high data rate transfer of 480 Mb/s through the Universal Serial Bus (USB) connectivity which is USB- TMC compliance.
Specialized modulation sensors are able to provide accurate measurements but are limited by the bandwidth. The U2000 Series USB power sensor are true average, wide dynamic range RF/microwave power sensors. They are based on a dual sensor diode pair/ attenuator/diode pair as proposed by Szente et.
Page 31
CDMA, W- CDMA, and digital television formats. 1 November 1986 Hewlett-Packard Journal pages 14-2, “Diode Integrated Circuits for Milimeter-Wave Applications. 2 Refer to“Maximum Power” on page 47 for maximum power handling specifications. U2000 Series Operating and Service Guide...
Package Contents Checklist Inspect and verify the following items for the standard purchase of the U2000 Series USB power sensor . If there are missing items, contact the nearest Keysight Sales Office. Trigger cable BNC Male to SMB female 50 Ω, 1.5 m •...
Getting Started Hardware Installation and Configuration System Requirements Prior to using the U2000 Series USB power sensor , please ensure that the following minimum requirements are met: • PC or any device that has USB host capability • Keysight IO Libraries Suite 15.5 or higher had been installed. Users are encouraged to obtain the latest version of Keysight Libraries Suite for better performance.
N1918A Power Analysis Manager. Follow the instructions below to install and configure the U2000 Series. 1 Connect your U2000 Series USB power sensor to the PC using the USB cable provided. Connect the cable’s mini- B plug to your power sensor...
1 Go to Start > Control Panel and double-click System. 2 Select Hardware tab, on the Drivers panel click Driver Signing and the Driver Signing Options dialog box will appear. 3 Select Ignore to disable the warning message. U2000 Series Operating and Service Guide...
Each time a USB device is plugged in, this dialog will be shown. To configure or disable this dialog, select an options in the Show this dialog panel and click OK. Figure 1-8 USB device alias configuration U2000 Series Operating and Service Guide...
PC and right- click. A context menu will appear and select Send Command To This Instrument and the Keysight Interactive IO dialog box will appear as shown below. Figure 1-10 Keysight Interactive IO dialog box U2000 Series Operating and Service Guide...
Instrument Session History panel as shown in the following figure. Figure 1-11 Identification of your connected power sensor displayed 5 This verify that your U2000 Series USB power sensor has been connected and properly installed on your PC. U2000 Series Operating and Service Guide...
Power Analysis Manager. The reminder message will appear under two conditions: a You have not set any calibration due date for your U2000 Series. The reminder prompts you to set your calibration due date. b Your calibration date is due and the reminder prompts you to send your U2000 Series for calibration.
By using the Keysight IO Libraries Suite version 15.5 or higher, you can check the model code, serial number, firmware revision, and USB address. The VISA address is the USB address (see below). Figure 1-12 Keysight IO Libraries Suite U2000 Series Operating and Service Guide...
Figure 1-13 Power Analysis Manager Instrument Properties panel It is advisable to set the calibration due date. Refer to page 18 for more details. Figure 1-14 Calibration due date display U2000 Series Operating and Service Guide...
Keysight U2000 Series USB Power Sensors Operating and Service Guide Operating Information Measurement Mode 22 Power Sensor Configuration Settings 25 Measurement Accuracy and Speed 27 Internal and External Zeroing 30 Power Sweep and Frequency Sweep 32 Step Detection 33 Pulse Power Measurement in Average only Mode 34 This chapter describes some general operating information of the U2000 Series USB power sensor .
(internal trigger) or controlled externally via TTL input (external trigger). Trace Display The U2000 Series USB power sensor can also be configured to display measurement results in trace format using SCPI commands or the N1918A Power Analysis Manager when the power sensors are set to normal mode.
40 µs (fall time) offset from the pulse falling edge to achieve higher accuracy measurements. Samples collected during range settling time are discarded. Thus, fewer samples are used for generating a measurement. U2000 Series Operating and Service Guide...
Power Sensor Configuration Settings The auto- averaging settings shown in Figure 2- 3 are automatically configured when the U2000 Series USB power sensors are connected. Averaging settings can also be manually configured. N O T E Figure 2- 3, the dotted- line arrow indicates the internal range based on the internal circuitry of the power sensor.
Operating Information Measurement Accuracy and Speed With U2000 Series USB power sensor , the range can be set either automatically or manually. Use auto- ranging when you are not sure of the power level you are about to measure. The DC coupling of the U2004A USB power sensor input allows excellent low frequency coverage.
However, the peak amplitude of –6 dBm is beyond the specified square law response range of the low power path diodes. The high power path (–7 dBm to +20 dBm) should be used to ensure a more accurate U2000 Series Operating and Service Guide...
Page 50
You can achieve best accuracy by selecting the high power path or achieve best speed by selecting the low power path. U2000 Series Operating and Service Guide...
Zeroing a power sensor is performed in order to reduce zero measurement offset and noise impact to improve the accuracy of RF power measurement. The U2000 Series USB power sensor have two types of zeroing; internal zeroing and external zeroing.
Power Sweep and Frequency Sweep The frequency sweep and power sweep features provide measurement automation between the U2000 Series USB power sensor and the signal source. This feature reduces the communication path and improves test time by eliminating the need of PC- instrument communication.
Step detection can be set in both manual and automatic filter modes. Refer to the U2000 Series Programming Guide for more details on how to enable or disable the step detection.
It is recommended to disable the step detection and set the average count to ≥256. The U2000 Series USB power sensor are designed to perform average power measurements over dynamic range of –60 dBm to +44 dBm. The supported power range for each sensor model is shown as...
Keysight U2000 Series USB Power Sensors Operating and Service Guide Specifications and Characteristics Introduction 36 Specifications 38 General Characteristics 67 This chapter describes the specifications and characteristics of your U2000 Series USB power sensor .
These specifications are valid after a 30- minute warm- up period. The dynamic range of the U2000 Series USB power sensors is –60 dBm to +44 dBm and the range is divided into two independent measurement paths — a low power path and a high power path, as shown below:...
Page 58
These specifications are referred to as typical. • Typical plots are derived from a population mean from production testing. Plot shown may vary from unit to unit and is not warranted. For warranted specifications, please refer to the individual tables. U2000 Series Operating and Service Guide...
10 MHz to 6 GHz Connector Type Model Connector Type Impedance 50 Ω U2000/1/4A N-Type (m) 50 Ω U2002A 3.5 mm (m) 50 Ω U2000/1H N-Type (m) 50 Ω U2002H 3.5 mm (m) 50 Ω U2000/1B N-Type (m) U2000 Series Operating and Service Guide...
12.4 GHz to 18 GHz 1.24 10 MHz to 2 GHz 1.12 U2001B 2 GHz to 6 GHz 1.17 10 MHz to 8 GHz 1.15 U2000H 8 GHz to 12.4 GHz 1.25 12.4 GHz to 18 GHz 1.28 U2000 Series Operating and Service Guide...
8 GHz to 12.4 GHz 1.25 U2002H 12.4 GHz to 18 GHz 1.28 18 GHz to 24 GHz 1.30 SWR Plots for U2000 Series USB Power Sensors Figure 3-1 U2000A typical SWR (25 °C ±10 °C) U2000 Series Operating and Service Guide...
Specifications and Characteristics Figure 3-2 U2001A Typical SWR (25 °C ±10 °C) Figure 3-3 U2002A Typical SWR (25 °C ±10 °C) U2000 Series Operating and Service Guide...
Specifications and Characteristics Figure 3-4 U2004A Typical SWR (25 °C ±10 °C) Figure 3-5 U2000H Typical SWR (25 °C ±10 °C) U2000 Series Operating and Service Guide...
Specifications and Characteristics Figure 3-6 U2001H Typical SWR (25 °C ±10 °C) Figure 3-7 U2002H Typical SWR (25 °C ±10 °C) U2000 Series Operating and Service Guide...
Specifications and Characteristics Figure 3-8 U2000B typical SWR (25 °C ±10 °C) Figure 3-9 U2001B typical SWR (25 °C ±10 °C) U2000 Series Operating and Service Guide...
2 GHz to 6 GHz 1.20 10 MHz to 2 GHz 1.14 U2000B 2 GHz to 12.4 GHz 1.18 12.4 GHz to 18 GHz 1.25 10 MHz to 2 GHz 1.14 U2001B 2 GHz to 6 GHz 1.18 U2000 Series Operating and Service Guide...
Page 67
12.4 GHz to 18 GHz 1.29 U2001H 10 MHz to 6 GHz 1.17 50 MHz to 8 GHz 1.17 8 GHz to 12.4 GHz 1.26 U2002H 12.4 GHz to 18 GHz 1.29 18 GHz to 24 GHz 1.31 U2000 Series Operating and Service Guide...
Users are advised to use suitable external DC block for the DC component removal. DC voltages in excess of the maximum value (5 V) can damage the sensing diode. U2000 Series Operating and Service Guide...
For overall accuracy, refer to the measurement uncertainty calculator which is available on the Keysight Technologies Web site. 3 It is strongly advisable to perform external zeroing on the U2000 Series USB power sensor for power measurement level below –30 dBm (U2000/1/2A), –20 dBm (U2000/1/2H), and 0 dBm (U2000/1B) for accurate measurements.
Specifications and Characteristics Power Accuracy Plots (Average only Mode) 1, 2 Figure 3-10 Typical power accuracy at for U2000/1/2/4A models 25 °C 1, 2 Figure 3-11 Typical power accuracy at for U2000/1B models 25 °C U2000 Series Operating and Service Guide...
(zero set, drift, and noise). Refer to Keysight Fundamentals of RF and Microwave Power Measurements (Part 3) Power Measurement Uncertainty per International Guide (Application Note 1449-3), 5988-9215EN for more information on measurement uncertainty. 2 After zeroing, 30 minutes of power-on warm-up, and 1024 averages. U2000 Series Operating and Service Guide...
Specifications and Characteristics Switching Point The U2000 Series USB power sensor have two measurement paths: a low power path and a high power path as shown in Table 3- Table 3-3 Switching point Sensor Low Power Path High Power Path...
Page 73
The high power path remains selected until approximately +22.5 dBm has been reached. As the power level decreases below +22.5 dBm, the low power path will be selected. U2000 Series Operating and Service Guide...
2.5 dBm to 8 dBm 500 nW 6.5 µW ±40 µW ±30 µW 6 dBm to 25 dBm 5 µW 10 µW ±60 µW ±60 µW 20 dBm to 30 dBm 20 µW 100 µW U2000 Series Operating and Service Guide...
Page 75
The Zero Set, Zero Drift, and Measurement Noise specifications are only applicable to N O T E U2000 Series USB power sensors with serial prefix as shown below: U2000A Serial prefix MY480/SG480 and above U2001A Serial prefix MY481/SG481 and above...
0.91 0.78 0.53 0.34 0.29 0.20 (x2 Speed) Example: U2000A power sensor, –60 dBm to –35 dBm, number of averages = 4, normal speed. Measurement noise calculation: 1 nW x 1.7 = 1.7 nW U2000 Series Operating and Service Guide...
Page 77
230 µW 550 µW 6 dBm to 25 dBm 440 µW 300 µW 300 µW 260 µW 850 µW 20 dBm to 30 dBm 3.9 mW 2.8 mW 1.1 mW 2.8 mW 5.5 mW U2000 Series Operating and Service Guide...
Page 78
Number of averages If the noise value obtained from Equation 1 or 2 is lower than the measurement noise N O T E specification, use the value as specified in the measurement noise table. U2000 Series Operating and Service Guide...
Page 79
------------------------------------------------ - 85µW 1.123µW ⁄ 1.36 ms 0.68µs The calculated measurement noise (1.123 µW) is lower than the measurement noise specification (21 µW). In this case, the measurement noise would be 21 µW. U2000 Series Operating and Service Guide...
Table 3-5 Settling Time for Normal and x2 Speed Number of Averages 1,024 Settling Time (s) 0.045 0.09 0.17 0.34 0.66 10.4 20.9 41.9 (Normal Speed) Settling Time (s) 0.042 0.05 0.09 0.17 0.34 0.66 10.4 20.9 (x2 Speed) U2000 Series Operating and Service Guide...
20 dBm 40 dBm 42 s 24 s Minimum sensor power within a range Figure 3-13 Settling time with auto filter, default resolution, and a 10 dB decreasing power step (not across the switching point) U2000 Series Operating and Service Guide...
– Typical uncertainties of the CF data are listed in the following tables. As the U2000 Series USB power sensors have two independent measurement paths (high and low power paths), there is only one set of CF data used for both high and low power paths for each sensor. The uncertainty analysis for the calibration of the sensors was done in accordance with the ISO Guide.
Typical CF Uncertainty (25 °C ±10 °C) 50 MHz to 2 GHz 2.0% 2 GHz to 14 GHz 2.5% 14 GHz to 16 GHz 2.7% 16 GHz to 18 GHz 2.7% 18 GHz to 24 GHz 3.0% U2000 Series Operating and Service Guide...
Page 84
1.8% 2 GHz to 6 GHz 2.0% U2000H Frequency Typical CF Uncertainty (25 °C ±10 °C) 10 MHz to 8 GHz 2.0% 8 GHz to 12.4 GHz 2.0% 12.4 GHz to 18 GHz 2.2% U2000 Series Operating and Service Guide...
Page 85
2.0% U2002H Frequency Typical CF Uncertainty (25 °C ±10 °C) 50 MHz to 8 GHz 2.5% 8 GHz to 12.4 GHz 2.5% 12.4 GHz to 18 GHz 2.7% 18 GHz to 24 GHz 3.0% U2000 Series Operating and Service Guide...
11 µs ±2 µs Trigger Delay Range –0.15 s to +0.15 s Resolution 1 µs Trigger hold-off Range 1 µs to 400 ms Resolution 1 µs Trigger Hysteresis Range 0 dB to +3 dB Resolution 0.1 dB U2000 Series Operating and Service Guide...
Maximum capture length 150 ms Maximum pulse repetition rate 150 kHz Dynamic range U2000/1/2A: –30 dBm to +20 dBm U2000/1/2H: –20 dBm to +30 dBm U2000/1B: 0 dBm to +44 dBm 1 Not applicable for U2004A U2000 Series Operating and Service Guide...
The sensor should be stored in a clean, dry Environment environment Temperature –30 °C to +70 °C (non-operating) Non-operating up to 90% at 65 °C Relative Humidity (non-condensing) Altitude Non-operating up to 4,600 metres (15,000 feet) USB Standard USB Speed Hi-Speed 2.0 U2000 Series Operating and Service Guide...
Page 89
Specifications and Characteristics THIS PAGE HAS BEEN INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK. U2000 Series Operating and Service Guide...
Keysight U2000 Series USB Power Sensors Operating and Service Guide Service General Information 70 Performance Test 71 Replaceable Parts 74 Service 76 Troubleshooting 76 This chapter describes the performance test and provides information on replaceable parts as well as on service details.
This chapter contains information about general maintenance, performance tests, troubleshooting and the repair of U2000 Series USB power sensors. Cleaning Use a clean, damp cloth to clean the body of the U2000 Series USB power sensors. Connector Cleaning The RF connector beads deteriorate when contacted with hydrocarbon compounds such as C A U T I O N acetone, trichloroethylene, carbon tetrachloride, and benzene.
The test system used must not exceed the system Rho uncertainties shown in the following tables when testing the U2000 Series USB power sensors. Table 4-1 Power Sensor SWR and Reflection Coefficient for the U2000A...
Table 4-5 Power Sensor SWR and Reflection Coefficient for the U2000H Frequency Actual Maximum Measurement 10 MHz to 8 GHz 0.070 1.15 8 GHz to 12.4 GHz 0.111 1.25 12.4 GHz to 18 GHz 0.123 1.28 U2000 Series Operating and Service Guide...
12.4 GHz to 18 GHz 0.107 1.24 Table 4-9 Power Sensor SWR and Reflection Coefficient for the U2001B Frequency Actual Maximum Measurement 10 MHz to 2 GHz 0.057 1.12 2 GHz to 6 GHz 0.078 1.17 U2000 Series Operating and Service Guide...
N O T E California. Ask your nearest Keysight office for information and forms for the “Direct Mail Order System.” Also your nearest Keysight office can supply toll free telephone numbers for ordering parts and supplies. U2000 Series Operating and Service Guide...
U2000-60010 U2001H replacement module U2001H 5190-1711 Top label for U2001H U2000-60011 U2002H replacement module U2002H 5190-1712 Top label for U2002H 5190-0061 Middle label 5190-0060 Bottom label All models U2000-20001 Top cover U2000-20003 Bottom cover U2000 Series Operating and Service Guide...
Troubleshooting The U2000 Series USB power sensors represent a combination of a power meter and power sensor in one unit. If the LED is red and blinking, it indicates that there is a hardware error or operating system (OS) error in the power sensor.
Table 4-11 Disassembly Procedure 1 Remove the top label. 2 Loosen three screws by using M2 to remove the housing. 3 Replace the defective sensor module with a new sensor module. Please refer to Table 4- U2000 Series Operating and Service Guide...
Page 99
Service Reassembly Procedure Tools required for reassembly: Tools Purpose Torque value M2 Torx To fit the housing 3.98 lbs.in Reassembly instructions: The reassembly procedures are simply the reversal of the disassembly procedure. U2000 Series Operating and Service Guide...
U2001B will void the calibration. Table 4-12 Attenuator Disassembly Procedure 1 Loosen the connector using the torque wrench. 2 After that clean the connector’s threads with IPA. Ensure that the crystallized loctite is cleaned properly. U2000 Series Operating and Service Guide...
To tighten the attenuator 12 lbs.in Table 4-13 Attenuator Reassembly Procedure 1 Apply one drop of loctite on the first, second, and third threads of the connector. 2 Tighten the connector using the torque wrench. U2000 Series Operating and Service Guide...
2 Within one hour after zero set, at a constant temperature, after 24-hour warm-up of the power sensor. 3 The number of averages at 16 for Normal speed, measured over one minute interval and two standard deviations. U2000 Series Operating and Service Guide...
Page 104
www.keysight.com Contact us To obtain service, warranty, or technical sup- port assistance, contact us at the following phone numbers: United States: (tel) 800 829 4444 (fax) 800 829 4433 Canada: (tel) 877 894 4414 (fax) 800 746 4866 China: (tel) 800 810 0189 (fax) 800 820 2816 Europe: (tel) 31 20 547 2111...