Application Example: Port Triggering For Internet Relay Chat Port - NETGEAR Nighthawk RAX80 User Manual

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Application Example: Port Triggering for Internet Relay
Chat
Some application servers, such as FTP and IRC servers, send replies to multiple port numbers.
Using port triggering, you can tell the router to open more incoming ports when a particular
outgoing port starts a session.
An example is Internet Relay Chat (IRC). Your computer connects to an IRC server at destination
port 6667. The IRC server not only responds to your originating source port but also sends an
"identify" message to your computer on port 113. Using port triggering, you can tell the router,
"When you initiate a session with destination port 6667, you must also allow incoming traffic on
port 113 to reach the originating computer." The following sequence shows the effects of this
port triggering rule:
1. You open an IRC client program to start a chat session on your computer.
2. Your IRC client composes a request message to an IRC server using a destination port number
of 6667, the standard port number for an IRC server process. Your computer then sends this
request message to your router.
3. Your router creates an entry in its internal session table describing this communication
session between your computer and the IRC server. Your router stores the original
information, performs Network Address Translation (NAT) on the source address and port,
and sends this request message through the Internet to the IRC server.
4. Noting your port triggering rule and observing the destination port number of 6667, your
router creates another session entry to send any incoming port 113 traffic to your computer.
5. The IRC server sends a return message to your router using the NAT-assigned source port (for
example, port 33333) as the destination port and sends an "identify" message to your router
with destination port 113.
6. When your router receives the incoming message to destination port 33333, it checks its
session table to see if a session is active for port number 33333. Finding an active session, the
router restores the original address information replaced by NAT and sends this reply
message to your computer.
7. When your router receives the incoming message to destination port 113, it checks its session
table and finds an active session for port 113 associated with your computer. The router
replaces the message's destination IP address with your computer's IP address and forwards
the message to your computer.
Manage Port Forwarding and
Port Triggering
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