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IEEE (Institute of Electrical and
Electronics Engineers): The professional
organization which promotes development
of electronics technology.
IP (Internet Protocol) Address: A
unique 32-binary-digit number that identifies
each sender or receiver of information sent
in packets.
Infrastructure: A wireless network or
other small network in which the wireless
network devices are made a part of the
network through the Access Point.
ISP (Internet Service Provider): A
company that provides access to the Internet
and other related services.
IV (Initialization Vector): The header
section of a message packet.
LAN (Local Area Network): A group of
computers and peripheral devices connected
to share resources.
LED (Light Emitting Diode): The lights
on a hardware device representing the activity
through the ports.
MAC (Medium Access Control)
Address: A unique number that distinguishes
network cards.
Mbps (Mega Bits Per Second): A
measurement of millions of bits per second.
MDI/X (Media Dependent Interface/
Cross-over): Port on a network hub or
switch that crosses the incoming transmit lines
with the outgoing receive lines.
MHz (MegaHertz): One million cycles per
second.
MIB II: A database containing performance
information and statistics on each device in a
network.
MIPS (Million Instructions Per Second):
A measurement of processing speed.
NAT (Network Address Translation):
An internet standard that enables a LAN to
use one set of IP addresses for internal traffic
and a second set for external traffic.
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NIC (Network Interface Card): An
expansion card connected to a computer so
the computer can be connected to a
network.
Packet: A block of data that is transferred as
a single unit, also called a frame or a block.
Packet Filtering: Discarding unwanted
network traffic based on its originating
address or its type.
PCI (Peripheral Component Intercon-
nect): A bus that is connected directly to the
CPU.
PCMCIA (Personal Computer
Memory Card International Associa-
tion) Card: Removable module that adds
features to a portable computer.
Ping (Packet Internet Groper): An
Internet utility used to determine whether a
particular IP address is online.
Plug and Play: Hardware that, once
installed ("plugged in"), can immediately be
used ("played"), as opposed to hardware that
requires manual configuration.
PoE (Power over Ethernet): A mecha-
nism to send DC power to a device using a
CAT5 Ethernet cable.
PPPoE (Point-to-Point Protocol over
Ethernet): A specification for connecting
users on an Ethernet line to the Internet
through a common broadband medium.
Protocol: A standard way of exchanging
information between computers.
RADIUS (Remote Authentication Dial
In User Service): A server that issues
authentication key to clients.
RAM (Random Access Memory): Non-
permanent memory.
Repeater Hub: A device that collects,
strengthens and transmits information to all
connected devices, allowing the network to
be extended to accommodate additional
workstations.
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