Page 1 S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL Serial Number: Registration Number: COPYRIGHT © RANS DESIGNS 4600 HWY 183 Alt HAYS, KANSAS, USA 67601 785-625-6346 www.rans.com 09/11/2018...
Page 2 RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL ASSEMBLING THE MANUAL Obtain three 2" wide 3-ring binders. Place the TEXT, PARTS and FIGURES manuals in separate binders. Every page has a section number then a page number within that section. (Example: parts page 006-02) Parts pages have an exploded view and a parts listing.
Page 3 RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL Labels for the exterior spine of each manual may be made from self-stick labels. The format below may be used. RANS RANS RANS S-21 S-21 S-21 OUTBOUND OUTBOUND OUTBOUND TEXT PARTS FIGURES MANUAL MANUAL MANUAL...
Page 4 RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL REVISION FORM Revision # Pages Description Date Affected Original Original Issue 09/11/2018 09/11/2018...
Page 5 RANS has taken care to provide clear, comprehensive, and straightforward instructions for assembly, maintenance, and operation by reference to manuals alone. In the event a question arises for which no answer seems apparent, feel free to contact RANS headquarters. When calling for technical support or parts department, please have the following ready: •...
Page 6 RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL ENGINEERING DEPT. DRAWING NUMBERING SYSTEM RANS DESIGNATES DRAWINGS BY EIGHT VARIABLES. THIS SYSTEM CONSISTS OF LETTERS AND NUMBERS. THE FOLLOWING IS A BREAK DOWN OF THIS SYSTEM. XXXX CLASSIFICATION DWG TYPE AIRCRAFT SECTION ID NUMBER...
Page 7: Table Of Contents
RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL TABLE OF CONTENTS GENERAL INFORMATION _____________________________________________ 10 IMPORTANT: PLEASE READ FIRST _______________________________ 12 AIRCRAFT TOOL LIST __________________________________________ 15 RECOMMENDED AVIONICS LIST __________________________________ 17 AIRCRAFT REGISTRATION ______________________________________ 18 SAMPLE CHECKLIST FOR A CONDITION INSPECTION _______________ 25...
Page 8 RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL WING ______________________________________________________________ 57 WING SPAR ASSEMBLY _________________________________________ 57 OPTIONAL LANDING LIGHTS INSTALLATION _______________________ 58 AILERON BELLCRANK ASSEMBLY _______________________________ 59 FLAP BELLCRANK ASSEMBLY ___________________________________ 60 WING RIB / SPAR ASSEMBLY ____________________________________ 61 WING SKIN INSTALLATION ______________________________________ 64...
Page 9 RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL FUSELAGE INTERNAL ________________________________________________ 98 FLOORBOARD INSTALLATION ___________________________________ 98 RUDDER PEDAL ASSEMBLY - (FINISHING KIT) ______________________ 98 RUDDER SYSTEM ASSEMBLY AND INSTALLATION - (FINISHING KIT) __ 99 HYDRAULIC BRAKE INSTALLATION _____________________________ 100 SLIDING SEAT ASSEMBLY ______________________________________ 102...
Page 10 AIRPLANE WEIGHING PROCEDURES ____________________________ 149 WEIGHT AND BALANCE ________________________________________ 151 POST FLIGHT RIGGING ______________________________________________ 152 DETERMINING ACTION _________________________________________ 152 RANS S-21 OUTBOUND - THREE VIEW ____________________________ 157 GENERAL INFORMATION _______________________________________ 158 STEERING AND BRAKING ______________________________________ 159 OPERATING LIMITATIONS ______________________________________ 160...
Page 11: General Information
GENERAL INFORMATION INTRODUCTION The S-21 Outbound is a 51% FAA approved kit. Some inspectors may still require a build log, therefore it is recommended to keep a build log. A build log can be as simple as photos of the kits' assembly throughout the process, or using one of the many on-line offers.
Page 12 RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL BEFORE BEGINNING ASSEMBLY TAKE INVENTORY: You must complete an inventory within 60 days of receiving your kit. We check and re-check and are 99.9% certain that if we say we shipped it, we did. The first task in building your kit is to inventory the parts using the packing list provided.
Page 13: Important: Please Read First
RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL IMPORTANT: PLEASE READ FIRST PLEASE READ: We highly recommend that you completely read the manual cover to cover before beginning assembly of your aircraft. This will help to eliminate costly mistakes and considerably speed up your build time. As you read the Assembly Manual, follow along in the Parts and Figure Drawings Manual.
Page 14 RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL Primer is always a debate when it comes to aluminum aircraft. Part of the decision to use 6061 was to get away from priming, as 6061 exhibits good corrosive resistance. We recommend priming overlaying surfaces. If you live near the ocean, your aircraft will be on floats, or the aircraft will be stored outside it may be a good idea to prime all aluminum surfaces.
Page 15 Please record your serial number and have it handy whenever you call the factory for assistance. HAVE FUN: A RANS aircraft is almost as much fun to build as it is to fly and with a little care and planning, your ship could be a show-stopper...
Page 16: Aircraft Tool List
RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL AIRCRAFT TOOL LIST The following is a list of tools that will be helpful when assembling your RANS aircraft. HAND TOOLS Pliers Safety Wire Pliers Needle Nose Pliers Linesman Pliers Side Cutters Electrical Wire Stripers Aviation...
Page 17 DRILL BIT SIZES A full set of fractional drill bits ranging from 3/32" to 5/8" is strongly recommended. In addition to these, the following numbered and fractional bits will be required to assemble your S-21 OUTBOUND. NUMBERED BITS FRACTIONAL BITS 11/64”...
Page 18: Recommended Avionics List
RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL RECOMMENDED AVIONICS LIST Digital Display GARMIN G3X WITH G5 BACKUP Comm Radios GARMIN GTR 200 Transponder GARMIN GTX 335 Encoder GARMIN GPS (for non-digital display systems) GARMIN AERA 660 ACK Technologies E-04 Push to Talk Switch...
Page 19: Aircraft Registration
RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL AIRCRAFT REGISTRATION INTRODUCTION: All aircraft of U.S. registry are required to have the following documentation onboard. For aircraft registered in other countries contact your National Aviation Authority. Airworthiness Certificate Registration Operating Limitations Weight and Balance Information NOTE: The bold letters above spell out AROW.
Page 20 RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL N-Numbers consist of a series of alphanumeric characters. U.S. registration numbers may not exceed five characters in addition to the standard U.S. registration prefix letter N. These characters may be: one to five numbers (N12345)
Page 21 RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL REGISTERING YOUR AIRCRAFT Refer to the FAA website, www.faa.gov for info on registering your aircraft. After you have written the Aircraft Registry requesting an "N" number, or applied on-line, you will receive a form letter giving your number assignment. After completion of the aircraft, complete the on-line Application for Aircraft Registration (AC FORM 8050-1) and return it to the Aircraft Registry along with the $5.00 registration fee.
Page 22 RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL MY AIRCRAFT IS COMPLETED, ALL MARKING AND PLACARDS ARE IN PLACE. WHAT ELSE MUST I DO TO MY AIRCRAFT BEFORE I AM READY FOR MY PRE- CERTIFICATION INSPECTION? Included in your manual is a weight and balance sheet. This will need to be completed before the inspection.
Page 23 RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL FINAL INSPECTION Use the 2 lists below for inspection of the aircraft. Refer to www.faa.gov. These should be very helpful in getting your airplane signed off by the FAA Inspector and ensuring that your airplane is safe for operation.
Page 24 RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL (3) Internal engine—for cylinder compression and for metal particles or foreign matter on screens and sump drain plugs. If there is weak cylinder compression, for improper internal condition and improper internal tolerances. (4) Engine mount - for cracks, looseness of mounting, and looseness of engine to mount.
Page 25 RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL (g) Each person performing an annual or 100-hour inspection shall inspect (where applicable) all components and systems that make up the complete empennage assembly for poor general condition, fabric or skin deterioration, distortion, evidence of failure, insecure attachment, improper component installation, and improper component operation.
Page 26: Sample Checklist For A Condition Inspection
RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL SAMPLE CHECKLIST FOR A CONDITION INSPECTION AC90-89 APPENDIX 1 AIRCRAFT IDENTIFICATION: TYPE/SN ENGINE MODEL/SN “N” NUMBER PROPELLER MODEL/SN A/F TOTAL TIME ENGINE TOTAL TIME OWNER PROPELLER TOTAL TIME BUILDER INSPECTOR GENERAL: Unsat Unsat REGISTRATION/AIRWORTHINESS/OPERATING LIMITATIONS...
Page 27 RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL POPPED RIVETS/CRACKED/DEFORMED SKIN FABRIC/RIB STITCHING/TAPE CONDITION LUBRICATION WING ATTACH POINTS FLYING/LANDING WIRES/STRUTS FOR SECURITY CORROSION FLIGHT CONTROL PLACARDS INSPECT FIREWALL FOR DISTORTION AND CRACKS INSPECT RUDDER PEDALS AND BRAKES FOR OPERATION AND SECURITY INSPECT BEHIND FIREWALL FOR LOOSE WIRES AND CHAFFING LINES...
Page 28 RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL ENGINE: PERFORM COMPRESSION TEST #1 CHANGE OIL AND FILTER (CHECK FOR METAL) INSPECT IGNITION HARNESS FOR CONDITION AND CONTINUITY CHECK IGNITION LEAD CIGARETTES FOR CONDITION/CRACKS CLEAN AND GAP SPARK PLUGS CHECK MAGNETO TIMING/POINTS/OIL SEAL/DISTRIBUTOR INSPECT ENGINE MOUNT/BUSHINGS...
Page 29 RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL ELECTRICAL SYSTEM CHECK COOL DOWN PERIOD/ENGINE SHUT DOWN PERFORM OIL, HYDRAULIC, AND FUEL LEAK CHECK PAPERWORK: AIRWORTHINESS DIRECTIVES RECORD FINDINGS AND SIGN OFF INSPECTION AND MAINTENANCE IN LOGBOOKS 09/11/2018...
Page 30: Numbering And Placards
RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL NUMBERING AND PLACARDS WHAT ARE THE SPECIAL REQUIREMENTS AS FAR AS ATTACHING NUMBERS AND PLACARDS TO HOMEBUILT AIRCRAFT? DISPLAY OF MARKS (Reference FAR Part 45.23) After you obtain the registration of your aircraft, the Registration numbers or marks must be affixed to the aircraft in some permanent fashion.
Page 31 RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL SIZE OF MARKS FAR 45.29 (b) (1) (iii) states “Marks at least 3" high may be displayed on an aircraft for which an experimental certificate has been issued under 21.191 (d) or 21.191 (g) for operating as an exhibition aircraft or as an amateur-built aircraft when the maximum cruising speed of the aircraft does not exceed 180 knots Calibrated Air Speed (CAS).
Page 32 RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL AIRCRAFT INSTRUMENT MARKINGS & COCKPIT PLACARDS Refer to FAR Part 91.9 Civil Aircraft Operating Limitations and Marking Requirements GENERAL To insure that each person operating an aircraft does so within the operating limitations prescribed for it, the FAA requires that there is available in it a current Flight Manual, appropriate instrument marking and placards, or any combination thereof.
Page 33 RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL AIRSPEED INSTRUMENT MARKINGS The airspeed indicator should be marked with a red radial line to establish the never- exceed speed. (V The takeoff and any pre-cautionary range should be marked with a yellow arc. The normal range is marked with a green arc.
Page 34 RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL FLIGHT MANEUVER PLACARD For non-acrobatic category airplanes, there should be a placard in front of and in clear view of the pilot stating: “No acrobatic maneuvers, including spins, approved”. For acrobatic category airplanes, there should be a placard in clear view of the pilot listing the approved acrobatic maneuvers and the recommended entry airspeed for each.
Page 35: Operating Limitations
RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL OPERATING LIMITATIONS MANDATORY TEST FLIGHT PROVING PHASE All amateur-built sport aircraft as well as standard aircraft have federally imposed operating limitations. Upon satisfactory completion of the necessary final FAA Inspection of the aircraft and whatever ground tests may be required, the FAA inspector will issue your amateur-built “Experimental”...
Page 36 RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL DURATION OF MANDATORY FLIGHT TEST PERIOD For standard aircraft type engines: When an FAA approved aircraft engine/propeller combination is installed, the flight test period is usually limited to 25 hours of flight time. For automotive engines, non-FAA approved engines or propellers, or FAA approved...
Page 37: Repairman's Certification
RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL Specifically, the duration of each individual flight should be recorded including the number of landings made. A full description of any mishaps, however minor, or any experiences not entirely normal that occur during the flight experience period should also be duly recorded.
Page 38: Getting Started
RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL GETTING STARTED Getting to know the RANS S-21 OUTBOUND What is it? If you ask the FAA, it is an Airplane - single engine land. If you ask an aeronautical engineer, it is a single-engine high-wing fixed-gear airplane of aluminum semi-monocoque construction.
Page 39 RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL Debur all holes and edges as needed. Do NOT put a chamfer on holes when deburring, this will weaken the structure and may cause pre-mature failure of the structure. Use the correct rivet. Do NOT substitute one rivet for another, even though it may have the same size and grip length.
Page 40 RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL Typical Hardware and Drill Size Table*. Hardware Drill Size 40 APR Rivet AAPQ-41 thru 48 CCPQ-41 thru 48 AAPQ-62 thru 68 CCPQ-62 thru 68 SSPQ-62 thru 68 AACQ-42 CCC-42 AVEX 1691-0410 AN3 Bolt AN4 Bolt 1/4"...
Page 41 TEXT MANUAL PAINT AND CORROSION PROTECTION Painting of the S-21 OUTBOUND is optional. The information given below is only one example of how an airplane can be painted. There are many ways to do this and this may not represent the best method for your situation, climate, or chosen paint system.
Page 42: Rudder
RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL RUDDER Refer to section 2 of parts and figure drawings. RUDDER SKIN FORMING Use a tube with a 1 1/4" outer diameter to roll form the leading edges of the rudder skin. See FIGURE 02-01 for rudder skin bending and orientation.
Page 43: Rudder To Vertical Stabilizer Attach
RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL Insert the lower rib, with doubler, into the bottom of the rudder and cleco it in place above the tang on the rudder horn mount tube. Cleco and rivet left side of Rudder Skin to Ribs and Spar. Place Rudder, Left side down on a flat surface and check for twist.
Page 44: Vertical Stabilizer
RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL VERTICAL STABILIZER Refer to section 3 of parts and figure drawings. If installing the Optional – Taildragger Pull Handle it is advisable to do so before final riveting the Vertical Stabilizer Side Skins. VERTICAL STABILIZER ASSEMBLY Lay ribs on a flat table with the flanges up.
Page 45: Vertical Stabilizer Tip
Insert Quick-Release Button into handle. Make sure the button can pop-up fully. Insert handle into Vertical Stab, until locked in place, for easier handling of the S-21 OUTBOUND on the ground. Press the button to remove. VERTICAL STABILIZER TIP (AFTER THE RUDDER IS MOUNTED TO THE VERTICAL STABILIZER) Use fluting pliers to straighten the vertical tip rib.
Page 46: Vertical Stabilizer Attachment
RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL Check the clearance between the tip and the rudder through the full range of travel. Rivet the assembly in place. Recheck the clearance between the tip and the rudder through the full range of travel.
Page 47: Horizontal Stabilizer
RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL HORIZONTAL STABILIZER Refer to section 4 of parts and figure drawings. FRAME ASSEMBLY Lay ribs on a flat table with the flanges up. Use fluting pliers to straighten the ribs so they lay flat on the table. Nose ribs may require re-shaping where the metal has bulged out at a rivet hole.
Page 48: Horizontal Attachment
RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL Place the skins on a couple of 2X4 or 4X4. . Place the frame assembly on the skins and cleco the skins to the top of the frame assembly. NOTE: The skins are the only part which determines the top and bottom orientation of the horizontal.
Page 49 RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL Transfer drill the 2 mounting holes in the front spar and one in the aft spar to 1/4" through the spar doublers. Set the horizontal stabilizer in place. Insert the bolts from inside the horizontal (through the inspection holes) through the bushing and bulkhead.
Page 50 RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL HORIZONTAL STABILIZER FAIRING (AFTER FINAL TUNING OF THE HORIZONTAL INCIDENCE) Place the horizontal fairings on the horizontal outboard of their final position. Tape them in place with the aft edge on the top side 1" behind the rivets in the forward spar.
Page 51: Elevator And Trim Tab
RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL ELEVATOR AND TRIM TAB Refer to section 5 of parts and figure drawings. ELEVATOR SKIN FORMING Use a tube with a 1 1/4" outer diameter to roll form the leading edges of the elevator skins.
Page 52: Elevator Trim Tab Assembly
RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL Rivet the frame together using the appropriate rivets. NOTE: Do not rivet the center ribs to the aft spar. These holes are shared with the trim tab hinge. Drill the mounting holes in the servo ribs to #11 and install the nut plates. Refer to Elevator Trim Tab Assembly.
Page 53: Elevator Final Riveting
RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL Fit the hinges to the trim tab/elevator aft spar. See FIGURE 05-02. The aft edge of the hinge may need to be trimmed slightly to clear the trim tab spar and allow the trim tab to move forward to align with the elevator trailing edges.
Page 54: Trim Servo Installation
RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL TRIM SERVO INSTALLATION (AFTER PAINTING OF THE ELEVATOR AND TRIM TAB) The trim servo will attach to the elevator trim servo ribs inside elevator with nut plates. The Servo Ribs should have been drilled to #11 and nut plates installed during elevator assembly.
Page 55: Elevator Balancing
RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL ELEVATOR BALANCING • Elevator balancing must be performed on a flat work surface. • Elevator and Trim Tab must be final painted. • Trim Tab must be installed onto Elevator. • Servo with Push Rod must be installed in Elevator and connected to Trim Tab.
Page 56 RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL Make a simple stand with "knives" in which to balance the elevator on. The elevator must balance on the bolts inserted through the hinges. A couple of 2X4s and leftover stringer material works well. Place the elevator on the balancing stand.
Page 57: Elevator To Horizontal Stabilizer Attachment
RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL ELEVATOR TO HORIZONTAL STABILIZER ATTACHMENT NOTE: The horizontal stabilizer should be attached to the fuselage and bolts in both aft attach holes before attaching the elevator. IMPORTANT: The tailcone should be assembled and attached before the...
Page 58: Wing
RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL WING Refer to section 6 of parts and figure drawings. WING SPAR ASSEMBLY Clean and debur all 4 wing spars. A grease cutting detergent is recommended. Cleco the Wing Tip Rib to the tip of the FWD Wing Spar. Refer to FIGURE 06-01 for location.
Page 59: Optional Landing Lights Installation
Optional landing lights may be installed during or after Wing Assembly is complete. • RANS uses a 10 amp breaker and 18 gauge 3-conductor shielded wire and a separate wire for grounding. Refer to SECTION 006H and collect all the parts shown on the part pages for the Landing Lights.
Page 60: Aileron Bellcrank Assembly
RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL (AFTER PAINTING OF WING) With Wing Tip removed, slip Landing Light Lens into position. Trim the Lower edge to be tight against the row of rivets. The pressure will keep the Lens pressed against the inside of the spar.
Page 61: Flap Bellcrank Assembly
RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL FLAP BELLCRANK ASSEMBLY NOTE: The Flap Bellcrank has a left/right orientation. Press the bearing into the Flap Bellcrank. Use the snap ring to hold the bearing in place. Use a 5/8" drill to drill the bellcrank mount tube in which the spindle slides into.
Page 62: Wing Rib / Spar Assembly
RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL WING RIB / SPAR ASSEMBLY Lay the Forward Wing Spar Assembly on a table with the flange up. Locate the wing truss, Lexan wing truss shim, and applicable hardware. Run a 1/4" and a 5/16" drill through the holes in the wing truss where the truss bolts to the front and rear spars to remove the powder coat and allow the bolts to slide freely.
Page 63 RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL Drill the aileron and flap hinges and hinge arms to 5/16" to allow the bronze flange bushings to be pressed in. Use a drill press if available. If a drill press is not available, a hand drill may be used. Ream the bushings to #11, if a 3/16” bolt will not insert into the bushings.
Page 64 RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL Bolt the aileron and flap bellcrank assemblies in place with the lexan shims between the bellcrank mounts and the aluminum doublers. Bolt the smaller arm of the bellcranks to the rear spar. Use Loctite and safety wire as necessary.
Page 65: Wing Skin Installation
RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL WING SKIN INSTALLATION PRE-SKIN CHECK LIST □ FWD wing truss doubler is riveted to the front spar. □ AFT truss doubler is riveted to the rear spar. □ Wing truss is bolted in the correct orientation using the appropriate hardware and lexan anti-corrosion shims in the front.
Page 66 RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL TOP SKIN The wing skins will have the print on opposite sides from each other. This is so that the print can be left on the inside of the skin and won't have to be removed.
Page 67 RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL Use a 120° countersink (preferably a micro stop countersink) to machine countersink the holes in the Forward Spar to accept the dimples in the skin. Lightly lift the leading edge of the skin and debur the holes in the Forward Spar.
Page 68 RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL Place the wing stands under each end of the wing and secure the stands to the table. Flip the wing over and place it in the stands with the leading edge of the wing up against the tall side of the stands. Adjust the location of the stands to line up with the ribs on the ends of the wing.
Page 69 RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL Begin by putting a couple clecos in various wing ribs to line up the skin and then in the tank supports. Use an ice pick or similar tool to line up the holes. Begin placing a few clecos in place next to the rear spar. Note the locations of any interference between the bottom skin and the hinge arms.
Page 70: Pitot/Static System
RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL PITOT/STATIC SYSTEM Locate Doubler Plate on 5” Inspection Cover using FIGURE 06-08 as a template. Transfer drill #30 and cleco. Transfer drill 1/4” for the Pitot Tube. Refer to FIGURE 06-08. If the Pitot Tube fits too tight, open the hole with a deburring tool or file.
Page 71: Wing Fuel Tank Assembly
RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL WING FUEL TANK ASSEMBLY Using a small piece of scrap aluminum sheet, make a drill guide as shown in FIGURE 06-11. The jigs purpose is to locate a center hole for the fly-cutter or hole-saw. Make the screw holes about 1/4" outside of the small existing hole in the tank to keep the jigs size down.
Page 72 RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL Drill the outboard hole of the fuel cap and retainer ring to 3/8" for the fuel tank vent. Do not drill the hole for the fuel vent in the tank until after leak testing. Use a 3/16" 100 degree countersink to countersink the #11 holes in the topside of the cap to accept the countersunk bolts.
Page 73 RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL Ensure everything is ready to go on the fuel cap. With the cap raised, apply a thin layer of Pro Seal to the underside of the flange on the fuel cap. NOTE: If you desire to remove the cap to apply the Pro Seal. Be sure to capture the retaining ring inside the tank with a couple 3/16”...
Page 74: Flap & Aileron Skin Forming
RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL After the Pro Seal is cured (24hours), install the fuel tank vent with sealant on the threads. Align vent hole facing forward (towards leading edge). FLAP & AILERON SKIN FORMING Use a tube with a 1 7/8" to 2” outer diameter to roll form the top leading edges of the flap and aileron skins.
Page 75: Flap Assembly
RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL FLAP ASSEMBLY Remove the bend guides as shown in FIGURE 06-15. Carefully use a pair of snips to cut them off close and finish with a file. Remove the attach tabs of the Flap Hinge - Part Assembly to make individual Flap Hinges.
Page 76: Aileron Assembly
RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL Rivet the TOP side using the appropriate rivets. Start at the AFT edge and work your way forward one row at a time. Flip the flap over and check for twist before riveting. Start at the trailing edge and work forward.
Page 77: Aileron Balancing
RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL Cleco the ribs in place to the top side of the skin. Use a short 2X4 or similar to space the aileron off the table and prevent damage due to resting on the clecos in future steps.
Page 78: Lift Strut Assembly
RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL LIFT STRUT ASSEMBLY The Lift Struts are cut to length and the attach holes pre-drilled at the factory. Smooth the ends of each Lift Strut with fine sand paper and debur. Mark a straight line between the attach holes at either end of the strut. Use a straight edge or a piece of string.
Page 79: Lift Strut Fairing Installation
RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL LIFT STRUT FAIRING INSTALLATION (AFTER ATTACHMENT OF WING TO FUSELAGE) Trim base of fairing to allow a slight flange edge where it mates to the wing. See FIGURE 06-18. Cut out opening to fit snugly over Lift Strut. Refer to FIGURE 06-19 for a template.
Page 80: Tailcone
RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL TAILCONE Refer to section 7 of parts and figure drawings. INITIAL ASSEMBLY Assemble and rivet the bulkheads as shown in PARTS MANUAL DRAWINGS 007-01, 007-03, 007-05, and 007-07. NOTE: S-10 AFT bulkhead doubler will need the flanges slightly bent to conform to the shape of the tailcone.
Page 81: Tailcone/Cage Attachment
RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL Cleco the bulkheads to the bottom skin with all flanges pointing forward. The bulkheads will hang below the bottom skin. Rivet the bulkheads to the bottom skin. Refer to FIGURE 07-01 for rivet call outs.
Page 82 RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL The front edge of the side skins should be parallel to the tube on the rear of the cage. Slide them together until the gussets fit with the lower longerons. NOTE: Front edges of the side skins may not be perfectly parallel to the cage due to slight variation in the cage.
Page 83: Rudder Cable System
RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL Fabricate and install the tailcone spacer strips. These are provided as raw stock and must be trimmed just shy of the attach gussets at station 3. They will reinforce the tailcone skin all the way around where the tailcone attaches to the cage and are placed between the tailcone skins and the tabs on the cage as well as the tailcone stringers.
Page 84: Aft Baggage
RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL AFT BAGGAGE Temporarily remove the middle longeron support angles. Set the baggage sides in place with the aft edge resting on top of the flange on the S-4 bulkhead. The outside edge of the baggage side flanges should be close to the outside edge of the longeron.
Page 85: S-4 Closeout
RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL b) The wire will exit S-11 and run up into the front of the elevator once the horizontal and elevator are installed. Leave about 12 inches out the back side of S-11 and the rest can be rolled up close to S-3 and run, wired, and trimmed at a later time.
Page 86: Tailcone Top Front Skins
RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL Transfer drill #11, through the Closeout at the bushing locations into the S-4 bulkhead. Remove the S-4 closeout and drill the locations for nut plates and rivet them in place. Locate and drill (4) #11 holes in the aft section of the baggage floor where the S- 4 closeout overlaps and forward of the S-4 bulkhead flange.
Page 87 RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL Press the skin against the window support and clamp in place. Pull the skin up and forward and proceed from station 4 up the window support angle. Transfer drill and cleco. Transfer drill and cleco the upper tailcone attach tab to the window support angle and skin.
Page 88: Fuselage Side And Bottom Skins
RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL Install the spacer strips before final riveting. Trim if necessary to prevent interference with the window spacer. FUSELAGE SIDE AND BOTTOM SKINS NOTE: The sliding seat position rails must be installed before final riveting of the bottom skin. Refer to Sliding Seat Assembly in the parts manual and FIGURE 09D-01.
Page 89 RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL Refer to FIGURE 10E-30A. Cut stringer material to given lengths and quantities. Apply 1/2” Acrylic tape to widest flange of each stringer. Position stringers on the inside of the Bottom Skin in locations shown. Make sure to press firmly to allow the tape to bond.
Page 90: Main Gear Fit Up
RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL MAIN GEAR FIT UP Become familiar with the Main Gear Installation PARTS MANUAL DRAWINGS and collect the parts shown in the drawings. Examine your Gear Legs. If your inspection reveals any gouges or scratches, polish or sand to remove.
Page 91: Main Gear Wheel/Brake Installation
RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL MAIN GEAR WHEEL/BRAKE INSTALLATION NOTE: Trike and Taildragger Wheel/Brake Installations have different parts for assemblies. Please be sure to refer to the correct parts page when installing. Become familiar with the Main Gear Wheel/Brake Installation PARTS MANUAL DRAWINGs and collect the parts shown in the drawings.
Page 92 RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL The higher rolling drag is completely normal for this bearing and allows for longer bearing life since the seal will keep most contaminants out. Timken specification state, for example, that the two 1.25 inch tapered roller bearing used on the WE51 will produce 18-26 inch pounds of torque (drag) when properly installed.
Page 93: Boot Cowl
RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL BOOT COWL IMPORTANT: The strut tangs need to be drilled to 7/16" before the boot cowl is fit up. See below. Locate long 3/8" and 7/16" drill bits. Drill the strut attach tangs to 3/8" from the forward side.
Page 94 RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL With the Stiffeners clecoed in place, lay the floorboard in the fuselage. Align mounting holes and mark the Floorboard flange where it intersects the skin stiffeners. Remove material from flange to prevent contact with Stiffeners.
Page 95 RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL Bend the Panel Frame tabs and Firewall Support Angle tabs as required to allow the Top Skins to lay flat between the Firewall and Panel frame. Lay a straight edge from tab to tab as a guide to bend the tabs into alignment. Refer to FIGURE 10E-19.
Page 96: Tail Wheel Installation
RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL Check for overlap on all a fuselage tubes to the aft of the Skins. Trim if required to the centerline of the tubes. Deburr all parts as needed. Apply High-Temp Silicone Seal to flange of Bottom Skin to seal against Firewall.
Page 97: Nose Gear Installation
RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL The tail wheel is full swivel. This allows pivot turns using brakes or full rudder deflection. A cam mechanism allows it to engage for steering. If the tail wheel leans, shim the tail wheel to run vertical.
Page 98 RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL Tape strips to inside of aft closeout, centered on the drilled locations. Transfer drill and cleco. Final size drill the hole locations in strips, closeout and skins to #11. Locate nut plates on inside of strips and rivet nut plates to strips and closeout.
Page 99: Fuselage Internal
RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL FUSELAGE INTERNAL Refer to section 9 of parts and figure drawings. FLOORBOARD INSTALLATION (THE FLOORBOARD MUST BE TRANSFER DRILLED BEFORE FIT-UP OF BOOT COWL) Lay floorboard in place with the bent flanges facing down. Center side to side and front to back.
Page 100: Rudder System Assembly And Installation - (Finishing Kit)
RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL Install Cotter Pins to swivel bushing to retain 1/2" plastic washer. Refer to FIGURE 09A-05 and fabricate four Brake Saddles from the provided part. Be sure to use a drill press when fabricating to assure a straight hole through the Brake Saddle.
Page 101: Hydraulic Brake Installation
RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL Pull the rudder cables forward and under the pulleys at Station 3. Install Small Cotter Pins to retain the cables. Continue to route cables forward under the pulleys between Station 2 and 2A. Bolt the small pulleys in place and check for free movement.
Page 102 RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL NOTE: Brake Line pressed into groove of Gear Leg should NOT have a protective plastic coating installed. If this coating is installed, carefully slit with a razor knife and remove. Do NOT cut into the underlying stainless braid.
Page 103: Sliding Seat Assembly
RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL Adjust the cable friction using the screw in the friction block as desired. Loctite the screw in the wire swivel stop. Safety wire the cable housing to the Swivel Stop. SLIDING SEAT ASSEMBLY FUSELAGE PREPARATION (BEFORE SKINNING AND PAINTING OF FUSELAGE) Use a 16"...
Page 104: Optional Headrest Assembly
RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL Countersink the Sliding Seat Rail Plates with a 120 degree countersink as per FIGURE 09D-12 for flush rivets. With a 1/4" Quick Pin in Side Plate lower hole, pull Seat Back forward slightly and slip Sliding Seat Rail Plate, on top of fuselage tube, between each set of Side Plates.
Page 105: Seat Final Assembly
RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL Bolt the Headrest Frame to the Seat Back Frame. Cut the Headrest Internal Tube to length from Raw Stock. File the ends of the tube to match the angle of the Headrest Frame for best fit.
Page 106 RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL To aid exiting and entering the aircraft adjust seat to aft most position. The seat is also adjustable in recline by selecting the proper set of holes in the Seat Side Plates for 1/4" Quick Pin insertion.
Page 107: Seat Belt Installation - (Finishing Kit)
RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL SEAT BELT INSTALLATION - (FINISHING KIT) (AFTER PRIMING OF FUSELAGE FRAME/ BEFORE SKINNING) Prior to covering drill the welded attach bushings to 5/16". Refer to the PARTS MANUAL DRAWING for attach bushing locations. (AFTER SKINNING AND PAINTING OF FUSELAGE) After the fuselage has been covered and painted, bolt each Seat Belt to the respective attach bushing as shown in the PARTS MANUAL DRAWING.
Page 108: Fuselage - Controls And External
RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL FUSELAGE - CONTROLS AND EXTERNAL Refer to section 10 of parts and figure drawings. CONTROL STICK ASSEMBLY & INSTALLATION - (FINISHING KIT) ASSEMBLY Refer to the parts catalog and select the required components for assembly.
Page 109: Control Stick Push-Pull Tube - (Finishing Kit)
RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL INSTALLATION (AFTER FINAL INSTALLATION OF FLOORBOARD) Bolt the control stick torque tube assembly through the floorboard and into the nut-plated tabs underneath. Apply light machine oil to the rotational collars. Check for free movement of assembly. If movement is restrictive, add a thin or thick washer between the torque tube and floorboard.
Page 110 RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL Fabricate aluminum bushings as shown in parts pages. NOTE: The 1/4" Bushing inserted through the Sliding Block should be wider than the Block to allow it to swivel. Rotate the small cable keepers to the bottom of the pulleys and tighten the bolt to prevent rotation.
Page 111: Elevator Push-Pull Tube - (Finishing Kit)
RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL ELEVATOR PUSH-PULL TUBE - (FINISHING KIT) ASSEMBLY Refer to the parts catalog and select the required components for assembly. Slide Elevator Push-Pull Doubler inside the forward end of Elevator Push-Pull Tube. NOTE: The forward end of Push-Pull Tube only has a through hole drilled in it.
Page 112: Aileron Cable System Installation - Fuselage (Finishing Kit)
RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL AILERON CABLE SYSTEM INSTALLATION - FUSELAGE (FINISHING KIT) (AFTER SKINNING AND PAINTING OF FUSELAGE) Refer to parts page and select the required components for assembly. Leave the bolt through the U-bracket slightly loose to allow a small amount of rotation.
Page 113: Flap Lever - (Finishing Kit)
RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL FLAP LEVER - (FINISHING KIT) ASSEMBLY Refer to the parts manual and select the required components for assembly. Fabricate the following bushings to the appropriate lengths from Raw Stock: Qty. Length Tube Size 1.0" 1/4" X .028 5/8”...
Page 114 RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL Temporarily bolt rod ends to each side of the welded tab on the flap handle. The exact adjustment of the rod end on the Teleflex will be determined when adjusting the flaps during final rigging.
Page 115: Belly Fairing Installation - (Finishing Kit)
RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL BELLY FAIRING INSTALLATION – (FINISHING KIT) (AFTER ATTACHMENT OF GEAR LEGS TO FUSELAGE) Trim base of fairing to allow a slight flange edge where it mates to the fuselage. See FIGURE 08B-01. Trim outboard edge to be flush with no flange.
Page 116: Instrument Panel Installation
RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL INSTRUMENT PANEL INSTALLATION ASSEMBLY (BEFORE SKINNING AND PAINTING) A blank instrument panel is provided with the kit. The builder should design and cut his own instrument and switch holes in the panel or contact a commercial aircraft panel manufacturer.
Page 117: Sub-Panel & Radio Mount Plates
RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL Application of OPTIONAL - DASH COVER FOAM and FABRIC requires Windshield to be fit-up. Cleco Windshield Hold Down Strip to Top Skins. Mark the upper contact area on the Top Skins. Remove Hold Down Strip.
Page 118 RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL The aft end of the Mount Plates will be riveted to the instrument panel. Locate 2 #30 holes in the short flange of each Mount Plate for riveting. NOTE: Mount trays from Comm Radio, Transponder, etc., will be required to position Mount Plates to correct width.
Page 119: Wing Installation
RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL WING INSTALLATION Please read the entire section before you continue with Wing Installation. We recommend having all assemblies and installations related to the Wing completed before the Wings are final installed to the airplane. It is NOT necessary to trial-fit the Wings to the Fuselage at an earlier assembly stage.
Page 120 RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL Cut off the FWD side of the T-bone at the mark. Keep as square as possible. Debur both cuts. IMPORTANT: It is recommended to apply some corrosion protective primer to the bare metal. Have one person lift at the wing tip and one person lift at the root.
Page 121 RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL Route the Flap Teleflex Cable inside the Fuselage. Route both Flap Teleflex Cables aft of Station 3 down the side of the fuselage and forward through the wire loops welded to the fuselage frame at Station 2A. Both Teleflex Cables route forward and connect to the Flap Handle.
Page 122: Wing Tip
RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL WING TIP NOTE: Mounting Plate for strobes may be installed before or after fit up of wing tip. ASSEMBLY Cut the round end off the trailing edge of the support rib at the point where it transfers from the round end to the rib.
Page 123 RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL Cut out the profile saving the material outside of the profile. A hole can be cut in the inside of the profile for access or it can be cut in half at the ends of the profile and reconstituted with a piece of material. Set the fixture aside.
Page 124: Optional Strobes Installation
RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL OPTIONAL STROBES INSTALLATION Route wires in wing and out to the tip through the grommets in the wing ribs. Leave extra length to reach through the wing tip and fuselage. Position the Strobe Light Mount centered inside the flat area of the Wing Tip. Be sure the strobe will be straight when mounted.
Page 125: Formed Windshield & Skylight Installation
RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL FORMED WINDSHIELD & SKYLIGHT INSTALLATION (FINISHING KIT) Windshield and Skylight assembly require wings to be attached and the boot cowling in place • The windshield is provided in trimmed form and should not need any major trimming.
Page 126 RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL Hole saws and two-flute Vortex router bits are a few options available. Drill several practice holes in scrap pieces of Acrylic to perfect these techniques before drilling your part. Back-up the windshield with a block of wood.
Page 127 Acrylic (windshield) and Lexan (skylight and doors) may scratch very easy. To get a longer service life from your windshield and other Lexan surfaces, we recommend a soft terry cloth and a cleaner made for plastic. RANS uses a product called Brillianize. It is available from RANS or any large aircraft supply company.
Page 128 RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL Collect all the parts shown on the part pages for the windshield. Extra care should be taken when working with Acrylic and Lexan. Both may scratch easily and as much as possible of the protective plastic should be left in place until the aircraft is ready to be flown.
Page 129 RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL Using a black Sharpie mark the forward edge of the skylight per FIGURE 10G- 10. Place the windshield mating strip centered on the skylight with the holes over the black line. Clamp or tape in place and transfer drill #30. In a later step the #30 Skylight holes will be drilled to #28.
Page 130 RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL Position forward edge of rib trim strips 1/4” away from upper mating strip. Align holes with center-line of ribs and transfer drill #30. Cleco as you drill. See FIGURE 10G-17. Position center forward trim strip on the windshield 1/4” forward of the upper mating strip over the center rib.
Page 131 RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL Drill out the five holes in the middle forward trim strip to #20. Drill out the five holes in the windshield using an 11/64” Acrylic drill bit. Drill out all #30 holes to #28 in the Skylight and debur.
Page 132: Wing Cuff Installation
RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL WING CUFF INSTALLATION Trim wing cuffs as in FIGURE 10G-37. Hold cuffs on windshield and leading edge spar. Find position of best fit for wing cuff, press down firmly against the windshield and tape securely in place. Use a fine point marker and mark the perimeter edge of the wing cuff onto the windshield if this was not done in a previous step.
Page 133 RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL Cleco windshield hold down strip to boot cowl. Re-apply, if necessary, masking tape onto windshield flush with top edge of hold down strip. This is to prevent the adhesive from blemishing the windshield. Un-cleco and apply a generous amount of 3M 2216 adhesive to the outside of the windshield below the tape.
Page 134: Door Assembly - Lexan And Trim - (Finishing Kit)
Lexan windows scratch very easy. To get a longer service life from your window, we recommend a soft terry cloth and a cleaner made for plastic. RANS uses a product called Brillianize. It is available from RANS or any large aircraft supply company.
Page 135 RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL Transfer drill #40 through Door Trim into outboard side of Door Frame. Cleco as you go. Final size #40 holes to #30. Trim forward and lower end of Lower Door Trim to match FWD Door Trim.
Page 136: Door Latch Assembly - (Finishing Kit)
RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL Re-cleco all parts to Door Frame. Place Channel Extrusion centered over Door Frame bow tube. Trim ends to match inside of Door Trim. Refer back to FIGURE 10H-04. Layout holes per FIGURE 10H-18 and debur. Re-position over Door Lexan and transfer drill into Door Frame bow tube centerline.
Page 137: Hydraulic Door Lift - (Finishing Kit)
RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL Slip Door Pivot Bushing over Latch and install into AFT bushing of Door Frame. Washers may be added or removed later to adjust the tightness of the door seal. Rivet Handle Stop Plate to lower forward corner of Door Frame. Refer to FIGURE 10H-25.
Page 138: Forward Baggage Compartment - (Finishing Kit)
RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL Press the Ball Stud on the door into the Gas Spring end. Make sure the Gas Spring is locked in place. During operation the Gas Spring may raise the door part way. A gentle nudge should extend the Gas Spring completely and hold the door in the full open position.
Page 139: Baggage Compartment & Cargo Net Installation
RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL BAGGAGE COMPARTMENT & CARGO NET INSTALLATION (FINISHING KIT) INSTALLATION Cover aluminum sheet metal interior of Baggage Compartment with lightweight fabric or paint as desired. Slip Aft Baggage Compartment into place. Cleco, then rivet or install screws as shown in parts manual.
Page 140: Instruments And Electrical
RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL INSTRUMENTS AND ELECTRICAL Due to the different instruments and flight systems that builders are choosing, RANS does not supply gauges with the kit. Refer to ENGINE INSTALLATION and Engine Manufacturer's documentation for specific information on engine electrical systems.
Page 141: Rigging And Preparation For Flight
RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL RIGGING AND PREPARATION FOR FLIGHT AILERON AND FLAP RIGGING Install wing tips. The aileron and flap push-pull tubes should be installed with jam nuts not tight and NO Loctite on either of the rod end or jam nut. If Loctite is present it may not allow the rod ends to rotate into position and provide friction free control movement.
Page 142 RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL DEFLECTIONS For deflection measurements, center control stick for neutral position, move and hold control stick against stop and measure. Measurement is taken on top surface of aileron at approximate half span on top of aileron rib. Deflection angle is in reference to trailing edge of Aileron.
Page 143: Flap Rigging
RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL FLAP RIGGING NEUTRAL POSITION (AFTER WING INSTALLATION/ AFTER SETTING OF WASHOUT) Place flap handle in flaps retracted position. Align the trailing edge of the Flap with the trailing edge of the Aileron. NOTE: Press lightly up on the Flap trailing edge to remove Teleflex Cable play when setting.
Page 144: Horizontal Stabilizer
RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL HORIZONTAL STABILIZER NOTE: Ensure the 2nd hole for the aft attach of the horizontal stabilizer to S-11 has been drilled and both bolts are secured. This is in the Horizontal Stabilizer Attachment section. Due to the various engine options which change the CG and therefore the ideal horizontal stabilizer incidence, incidence adjusters are used to set the incidence of the horizontal stabilizer and minimize drag.
Page 145 RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL If the front of the balance weights can be seen sticking up above the horizontal stabilizer, adjust the incidence using the method above to raise the nose of the horizontal stabilizer. Lower the nose of the horizontal if the elevator balance can be seen below the horizontal.
Page 146: Elevator
RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL ELEVATOR IMPORTANT: The elevator must be mass balanced. If this is not yet completed, instructions can be found in the elevator assembly section of this manual NEUTRAL POSITION In neutral position, the elevator is level with the horizontal stabilizer. Verify by comparing the leading edge of the balance arm portion of the Elevator to the Horizontal Stabilizer with the Control Sticks in neutral position.
Page 147: Elevator Trim Tab
RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL SURFACE CLEARANCE Refer to FIGURE 11B-09 • The minimum clearance between elevator and horizontal stabilizer is 0.060” all the way along the hinge line. • The minimum clearance between the elevator balance horn and the horizontal stabilizer tip is 3/16”.
Page 148 RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL INDICATOR POSITION Verify neutral position of trim position indicator at neutral trim tab. OPERATIONAL CHECK Operate trim tab through full range of motion. • Correct deflections of trim tab. • Visual check trim tab for twist.
Page 149: Rudder
RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL RUDDER NEUTRAL POSITION AND CABLE TENSION Remove the tailwheel chain from the tailwheel. Verify neutral position of rudder with rudder pedals neutral (visual). Change the mounting hole on the multi-hole tang at the front of the rudder cable for course cable tension adjustments.
Page 150: Weight And Balance
RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL WEIGHT AND BALANCE Refer to figure drawings. INTRODUCTION This Section describes the procedures for establishing of basic empty weight and moment of the airplane. Procedures for calculating the weight and moment for various loadings are also provided.
Page 151 RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL TRIKE • Shim scales to measure 90º at aft door frame. Refer to FIGURE 13-03. • Place scales under each wheel (500 lb. minimum capacity is recommended) Weighing: • With the airplane level, record the weight shown on each scale. Subtract the weight of the leveling device from the weight indicated at the tail wheel.
Page 152: Weight And Balance
The following will enable you to determine the weight and balance of your aircraft and to operate it within the prescribed center of gravity limitations. The S-21 OUTBOUND is a simple aircraft and so are the weight and balance calculations.
Page 153: Post Flight Rigging
RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL POST FLIGHT RIGGING Your first flight in your freshly assembled and signed off S-21 may be one of the most exciting things that you will do. The aim is to keep that excitement limited to experiencing an exhilarating flying machine and not one that is shaking your confidence.
Page 154 RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL Using common door self-adhesive D-shaped door seal to affect a trim tab. It is easy to use, since you can try different lengths to gauge impact on trim. Plane Briskly Rolls Ball Moves Out This is indicative of roll input, and can also have some yaw. To determine the cause, center the ball and keep on the rudders, and release the stick.
Page 155 RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL D-shaped weather strip makes a fine bump trim. Permanent bump trim using 1/4” Aluminum tubing. 09/11/2018...
Page 156 RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL Adjusting Wing Root Angle of Incidence In some cases adjusting the wing at the root can be effective. Raising the rear spar may be the better choice over trim bumps, or in combination with trim bumps, if roll is strong.
Page 157 RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL An example of using bump trim on the ailerons. Place trim on the bottom of ailerons for best results. Summary Take your time on post flight rigging; the end result will be a plane that flies in perfect trim.
Page 158: Rans S-21 Outbound - Three View
RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL RANS S-21 OUTBOUND - THREE VIEW 09/11/2018...
Page 159: General Information
RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL GENERAL INFORMATION Refer to Engine Install Manual for more specific information ENTERING AND EXITING AIRCRAFT To enter the S-21 OUTBOUND: • Open the door by rotating the door handle. • Pull out on the door handle •...
Page 160: Steering And Braking
65 mph, then close door. Flying with doors open or removed The S-21 OUTBOUND can be flown with the doors open, up to and including 100 mph. The S-21's doors should not be opened at airspeeds above 65 mph. The S-21 can be flown with (1) or both doors removed up to 100 mph.
Page 161: Operating Limitations
RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL OPERATING LIMITATIONS This section includes operating limitations, instrument markings, and basic placards necessary for the safe operation of the aircraft, power plant, and standard equipment. The Engine Operators Manual must be onboard the aircraft. AIRSPEED LIMITATIONS Airspeed limitations and their operational significance are shown in Table 14A-1.
Page 162 RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL AIRSPEED INDICATOR MARKINGS Airspeed indicator markings and their color code meanings are shown in Table 14A-2 All speeds are given for maximum takeoff weight. Speed are given in MPH and (KNOTS) IAS Value or Marking...
Page 163 The angle of bank should not exceed 60 ° and the pitch attitude may not exceed 30 °. Stalls except whip stalls are approved with slow deceleration. ► Acrobatic maneuvers, including spins are not approved in the RANS S-21 OUTBOUND aircraft. FLIGHT LOAD FACTOR LIMITS Flaps Up: + 6.0 g, - 2.0g...
Page 164 RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL FLIGHT CONDITIONS OPERATION LIMITS Flight into known icing conditions is prohibited. This aircraft is limited to two occupants only. Night flights according to VFR, flights according to IFR (by instruments) are approved only when instrumentation required for such flights is installed and maintained according to applicable F.A.R.S.
Page 165 RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL The readings given by the fuel quantity indicator in 3-wheel ground attitude (taildragger) are therefore not correct. The fuel remaining in the tanks after the fuel quantity indicator reads zero (in level flight attitude in cruise condition) cannot be safely used in flight.
Page 166: Weight And Balance
RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL WEIGHT AND BALANCE INTRODUCTION This Section describes the basic procedures for establishing of basic empty weight and moment of the airplane. Refer to SECTION 13 for complete Weight & Balance information. Procedures for calculating the weight and moment for various loadings are also provided.
Page 167 RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL • Place scales under each wheel (500 lb. minimum capacity is recommended) Weighing: • With the airplane level, record the weight shown on each scale and subtract the weight of the leveling device from the weight indicated at the tail wheel.
Page 168 The following will enable you to determine the weight and balance of your aircraft and to operate it within the prescribed center of gravity limitations. The S-21 OUTBOUND is a simple aircraft and so are the weight and balance calculations.
Page 169 RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL EMERGENCY PROCEDURES INTRODUCTION This section provides checklists and amplified procedures for coping with emergencies that may occur. Emergencies caused by aircraft or power plant malfunctions are rare if proper pre-flight inspections and maintenance are performed. Emergencies caused by extreme weather situations can be minimized or eliminated by good judgment and proper pre-flight planning.
Page 170 RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL OPERATIONAL CHECKLISTS ENGINE FAILURE Engine Failure During Takeoff Run: Fly the Airplane! Throttle - IDLE. Brakes - APPLY as needed. Ignition switch - OFF. Master switch - OFF. Engine Failure Immediately After Takeoff Fly the Airplane! Airspeed - 66 MPH (Flaps up).
Page 171 RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL FORCED LANDINGS Emergency Landing Without Engine Power Fly the Airplane! Flaps - As REQUIRED for Landing Site. Airspeed - 70 MPH (Flaps up). 65 MPH (Flaps down). Fuel Selector Valve - OFF. All Switches - OFF.
Page 172 RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL FIRES During Start On Ground Cranking - CONTINUE, to get a start which would suck the flames and accumulated fuel through the carburetor and into the engine. If Engine Starts: Power – Cruise Power RPM for a few minutes.
Page 173 Cautiously apply elevator back pressure to slowly reduce the airspeed to below maneuvering speed . SPINS Intentional spins in the S-21 OUTBOUND aircraft are NOT recommended. Should an inadvertent spin occur, the following recovery procedure should be used: Retard the throttle to IDLE.
Page 174: Amplified Procedures
RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL AMPLIFIED PROCEDURES ENGINE FAILURE If an engine failure occurs during the takeoff run, the most important thing to do is to stop the aircraft on the remaining runway. Those extra items on the checklist will provide added safety during a failure of this type.
Page 175 Cautiously apply elevator back pressure to slowly reduce the airspeed to below maneuvering speed. SPINS Intentional spins in the S-21 OUTBOUND aircraft are PROHIBITED. Should an inadvertent spin occur, the following recovery procedure should be used: Retard the throttle to IDLE.
Page 176 Carburetor Heat. Repeat as necessary. DOORS The S-21 OUTBOUND can be flown with the doors open, up to and including 100 mph. The S-21 OUTBOUND doors should not be opened at airspeeds above 65 mph. The S-21 OUTBOUND can be flown with (1) or both doors removed up to 100 mph.
Page 177 RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL NORMAL PROCEDURES The following checklists are provided for guidance only. It is suggested that the owner of the aircraft adds items they deem necessary. PRE-FLIGHT INSPECTION Visually inspect the aircraft for its general condition during the walk around.
Page 178 RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL FIGURE 14D-01 09/11/2018...
Page 179 RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL The entire outer surface of the aircraft should be inspected for damage of any kind during the pre-flight inspection.  Aircraft Flight Manual – AVAILABLE IN CABIN  Required Aircraft Documentation – AVAILABLE IN CABIN ...
Page 180 RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL  Main Gear - CHECK  Main wheel tire - PROPERLY INFLATED  Brakes - SECURE  Fuel Filler Cap - CLOSED  Remove Cowling if desired  Fuel quick drain valve on bottom of cowling (left side); - DRAIN & CHECK for water, sediment and proper fuel grade.
Page 181 RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL  Tailcone - Check for dents, holes and scratches.  Fuselage connections - CHECK  Horizontal Stabilizer and Vertical Stabilizer - CHECK  Control surfaces - CHECK - free movement and SECURE  Hinge points – SECURE ...
Page 182 RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL  Climb aboard  Cockpit checklist - CHECK  Move seat into flight position – CHECK SECURE  Seat belts - SECURE  CONTROLS - FREE and CORRECT  Altimeter - SET  Communication radio - SET ...
Page 183 RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL BEFORE STARTING THE POWERPLANT  Pre-flight Inspection - COMPLETE.  Passenger Briefing - COMPLETE.  Seat, seat belts - ADJUST and LOCK.  Brakes - TEST and SET  Radio, Electrical Equipment - OFF ...
Page 184 RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL TAXIING  Brakes – CHECK  Control deflections as required for wind BEFORE TAKEOFF  Cabin Doors - CLOSED and SECURED  Parking Brake - SET  Flight Controls - FREE and Correct  Flight Instruments - SET ...
Page 185 RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL TAKEOFF Normal Takeoff  Flaps – UP or 1 or 2 notch  Carburetor heat – COLD  Fuel pump - ON  Throttle – SLOWLY FULL OPEN  Elevator Control - Taildragger - LIFT TAIL WHEEL ...
Page 186 RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL CRUISE  Throttle – up to MAX Continuous RPM  Elevator Trim - adjust.  Fuel pump – OFF APPROACH  Throttle - AS DESIRED.  Engine temperatures – MONITOR  Carburetor heat – ON AS REQUIRED BEFORE LANDING ...
Page 187 RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL LANDING Normal Landing  Airspeed (on approach) – 66-70 MPH (flaps UP).  Flaps (on final) - AS REQUIRED (below 110 MPH)  Airspeed (on final) - 64 MPH (with full flaps)  Touchdown •...
Page 188 RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL Balked Landing  Throttle – FULL OPEN  Carburetor heat – OFF  Airspeed – 55 MPH  Wing Flaps – RETRACT TO HALF, Slowly  Airspeed – 60 MPH  Wing Flaps – RETRACT, Slowly AFTER LANDING ...
Page 189 The S-21 OUTBOUND is a light aircraft! TAXING (Ground Handling) The S-21 OUTBOUND is a light aircraft. Concentrate on taxiing until the moment the aircraft is tied down. When taxing, it is important that speed and use of brakes is held to a minimum, and that all controls are utilized to maintain directional control and balance.
Page 190 When taxing in strong crosswinds a little extra throttle will help the aircraft turn due to the increased airflow over the rudder. Use caution not to use excessive throttle, sudden throttle movements, or excessive braking. FIGURE 14D-02 The S-21 OUTBOUND is equipped with a steerable full-swivel tail wheel or brake steer nose wheel. 09/11/2018...
Page 191 If the aircraft must be left unattended outdoors, always secure it with tie-downs. NEVER use the brake as a parking brake with the intention of leaving the aircraft unattended. The S-21 OUTBOUND is a light aircraft! The type of tie-downs used is a matter of personal choice. A good "rule-of-thumb" is to ensure that what you secure the aircraft to (and with) will restrain at least 1800 lbs at each tie-down location.
Page 192: Aircraft Care
RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL HOT WEATHER OPERATION Avoid prolonged engine operation on the ground. Turn the airplane into the wind to assure better airflow through the cowling during run Monitor engine temperatures and adjust climb speed as required. A higher climb speed will provide better engine cooling.
Page 193 CAUTION: Never use gasoline, benzene, alcohol, acetone, thinner or glass cleaner on surfaces. PAINTED SURFACES The painted exterior surfaces of your S-21 OUTBOUND aircraft should have a durable and long lasting finish. No polishing or buffing will be required under normal conditions.
Page 194 RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL INTERIOR CARE Use a vacuum cleaner to remove dust and loose dirt from the interior and upholstery. Household spot removers or upholstery cleaner may also be used for the seat upholstery. Always test it on an obscure place on the fabric to be cleaned.
Page 195: Required Placards And Markings
RANS S-21 OUTBOUND TEXT MANUAL REQUIRED PLACARDS AND MARKINGS AIRSPEED INDICATOR MARKINGS Airspeed indicator markings and their color code meanings are shown in Table 14F-1. All speeds are given for maximum takeoff weight. Speed are given in MPH and (KNOTS)
Page 196 PLACARDS The following labels and placards contain important information needed for proper operation of the S-21 OUTBOUND and must be displayed in the location described in this section. All placards may be printed by a local Graphics Shop or may be available through RANS Aircraft Parts Department.
Page 197 The S-21 OUTBOUND shall only be operated by pilots with proper training. Always deflect the controls as required in windy conditions. The S-21 OUTBOUND is equipped with brakes on the passenger rudder pedals. Always brief the passenger to remove their feet from the pedals, at least for takeoff and landing.

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