Related Manuals for BERTHOLD TECHNOLOGIES LB 379
Summary of Contents for BERTHOLD TECHNOLOGIES LB 379
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Page 1: Operating Manual
Measuring Path LB 379 and LB 3602 / 3603 Operating Manual 40437BA2 Rev. No.: 00, 12/2016... - Page 2 LB 379...
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Page 3: Table Of Contents
2.1.1 Safety Instructions ................13 2.1.2 Selection of Measuring Site .............. 14 2.1.3 Installation Instructions for PTFE lined Measuring Paths (LB 379) ... 16 2.1.4 Installation of the Resistance Thermometer Pt 100 ......16 WATER COOLING IN THE MEASURING PATH LB 379 ..17 Cooling Water Requirement .............. - Page 4 LB 379...
- Page 5 LB 379 Safety Summary Electrical Shock Hazard Disconnect power to ensure that contact with energized part is avoided during installation and servicing. Specific Warnings Never change the installation or the parameter settings without a full knowledge of the rele- vant part of this manual, the connected controller and the process, if it is controlled by this measuring device.
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Page 6: Overview
(e.g. hydrochloric acid, milk of lime, sulfuric acid, etc.), with the measuring paths LB 379 and LB 3602/3603, which are equipped with one of these isotopes. - Page 7 LB 379 Cm 244 (18 keV) Am - 241 (60 keV) Cs - 137 (662 keV) Co -60 (1,3 MeV) 0,01 Atomic number Z Figure 2: Absorption coefficients With cm, the atomic number has a significant influence on the absorption coefficient.
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Page 8: The Measurement Device
LB 379 1.2 The Measurement Device The radiometric density measuring system can be used to measure the density of liquids suspensions solids and bulk goods The measurement can be performed directly on a product line and is independent of fluc- tuations in pressure and viscosity, as well as in the flow velocity. -
Page 9: Device Configuration (Operating Modes)
LB 379 1.3 Device Configuration (Operating Modes) The evaluation unit can be used for different tasks. Density measurement without temperature compensation (TC) Density measurement with temperature compensation via Pt100 or density measurement with temperature compensation via current input ... -
Page 10: Measuring Paths And Sources
1.4 Measuring Paths and Sources 1.4.1 Measuring Path LB 379 The measuring path LB 379 includes the following components in a compact unit: The radioactive source (1), isotope Am-241, with an activity of 1,110 MBq (30 mCi) and 3,700 MBq (100 mCi) or in exceptional cases 11,000 MBq (300 mCi). -
Page 11: Measuring Paths Lb 3602/3603
LB 379 1.4.2 Measuring Paths LB 3602/3603 This measuring path is constructed similarly to the measuring path LB 379. It is comprised of the following components: Radiation sources (1) Isotope Activity: max. 7400 MBq (200 mCi) Half-life: 17.8 years ... -
Page 12: Radioactive Sources
LB 379 1.4.3 Radioactive Sources Radioactive sources for industrial applications are generally "enclosed radioactive materi- als" which are tightly welded into a sturdy stainless steel capsule, so that the radioactive sub-stance cannot leak out. Contamination is therefore excluded. Moreover, for physical reasons, any activation of the product being measured by the emitted gamma radiation is not possible. -
Page 13: Installation
2.1 Installation of the Measuring Path 2.1.1 Safety Instructions 2.1.1.1 Measuring Path LB 379 1. The max. pressure in the measuring path must not exceed 10 bar. 2. You have to check whether the resistance of the pipe material and the liner is suitable for the intended application. -
Page 14: Selection Of Measuring Site
LB 379 2.1.1.2 Measuring Path LB 3601 1. The permissible operating pressure of the product pipe made of polypropylene de- creases with increasing temperature. The following values must not be exceeded: Temperature max. pressure in kp/cm 2. You have to check whether the material of the product pipe is suitable for the intended application. - Page 15 LB 379 Gas bubbles Debris Figure 5: Installation on a horizontal pipeline with gas bubbles and debris Extensions of the pipeline should be avoided. If they are unavoidable, they should always be performed only on vertical lines. Pipe extensions may be made at the measurement point only if ...
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Page 16: Installation Instructions For Ptfe Lined Measuring Paths (Lb 379)
2.1.3 Installation Instructions for PTFE lined Measuring Paths (LB 379) Lined parts must not be welded, soldered or burned as this can destroy the plastic material. The flanges of all parts are provided with protective plates, so that the sealing surfaces are not damaged during transport and storage. -
Page 17: Water Cooling In The Measuring Path Lb 379
LB 379 has to be used. No water cooling is provided for the measuring path LB 3601. -
Page 18: Electrical Connections
LB 379 4 Electrical Connections 4.1 Detector Switch off the evaluation unit before connecting the detector. Open the screws and remove the connection box cover to expose the connection area. For intrinsically safe installations, connect the detector to the potential equalization bar of the installation. -
Page 19: Technical Data
LB 379 5 Technical Data 5.1 Measuring Path LB 379 License no. BW/19/78 Detector LB 4450 Scintillation counter with NaI (Tl) crystal 44/5. With drift compensation. Ex-protection: II 2 G EEx de IIC T6 or II 2 G EEx ib d IIC T6 Temperature range: Operating temperature: - 20 °C to + 50 °C (253 to 323 K). -
Page 20: Measuring Path Lb 3602/3603
LB 379 5.2 Measuring Path LB 3602/3603: Detector LB 4491-05-0x-Gd-E (measuring path LB 3602) Ex-protection: II 2 G EEx de IIC T6 Scintillation counter with NaI(Tl) crystal 44/5 Detector LB 5491-05-0x-2 (measuring path LB 3603) Ex-protection: Scintillation counter with NaI(Tl) crystal 44/5... -
Page 21: Pressure Equipment Directive 2014/68 / Eu
The responsibility of choosing the right lining lies with the operator. The LB 379 measuring path is pressurized twice. The leak test is carried out with 2 bar air. To improve the detectability of leaks and to protect personnel, the test is carried out under water. -
Page 22: Radiation Protection
LB 379 6 Radiation Protection Radioactive isotopes used for density measurements emit gamma radiation. Gamma radi- ation consists of high-energy electromagnetic waves, i.e. a type of radiation which resem- bles light, but has a much higher energy, so that it can pass through matter having a higher density. - Page 23 LB 379 Isotope mrem 0.0158 0.0043 244Cm 0.0064 0.00175 Half-value layer Half-value layer (HVL) or half-value thickness (HVT) specifies the material thickness nec- essary to reduce the intensity of a certain type of radiation to half its original value. The...
- Page 24 LB 379 Natural radiation exposure ’ For comparison s sake, it may be helpful to look at the average radiation exposure for the population in Germany. It is approx. 4000 Sv (400 mrem) per year. In addition, there is the medical radiation exposure, caused by X-rays, etc., which is about 500 Sv (50 mrem), and radiation exposure caused by other sources of about 100 Sv (10 mrem).
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Page 25: Emergency Instructions
LB 379 6.1 Emergency Instructions In case of serious operational trouble, such as fire or explosion, which could adversely affect the radiometric measuring facility, it cannot be ruled out that the function of the shielding lock, the shielding efficiency or the stability of the source capsule have been impaired. -
Page 26: Checking The Crystal-Multiplier Assembly
LB 379 Adjust current input Current input adjustment Target value:/Actual value Adjustment of input current. Feed current of 1.8 mA. Confirm display with <enter>. RUN appears on the display, the adjustment is running. Push <more> to stop the adjustment and continue with the next item. - Page 27 LB 379 Check: The crystal must be perfectly clear inside and not show any dull areas. Its typical color is white. A yellowish to brownish coloring is a sign of thermal overload and indicates that the crystal has to be replaced. The surrounding white reflecting layer must not be damaged.
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Page 28: Appendix
LB 379 7 Appendix 7.1 Table 1: Absorption Coefficients Absorption coefficients for Am for one-point calibration. The absorption coefficients were calculated for average concentrations. Depending on the resolution behavior, these values may differ with other concentrations. Absorption coefficients in cm... -
Page 29: Temperature Coefficients
LB 379 7.1.1 Temperature Coefficients Product Concen- Aver. Input value at tration in temp. g/cm3 °Be Gew. % in °C H2O - H2SO4 5,9500E-04 1,0220E+00 8,0000E-02 5,3100E-03 6,9500E-04 1,9320E+00 1,0300E-01 7,7300E-03 1,0150E-03 2,5190E+00 1,0000E-01 4,9900E-03 6,3500E-04 1,1070E+00 8,8000E-02 1,2920E-02 H2O - NaOH... -
Page 30: Density Of Water As A Function Of The Temperature30
LB 379 8 Density of Water as a Function of the Temperature Temp. in Density in Temp. in Density in Temp. in °C Density in g/cm °C g/cm °C g/cm 0.99973 0.99224 0.97781 0.99963 0.99185 0.97723 0.99951 0.99146 0.97665 0.99939 0.99106... -
Page 31: Dimensional Drawings
LB 379 9 Dimensional Drawings 9.1 Measuring Path LB 379 with DIN Flange... -
Page 32: Measuring Path Lb 379 With Asa Flange
LB 379 9.2 Measuring Path LB 379 with ASA Flange... -
Page 33: Measuring Path Lb 379 With Threaded Connector
LB 379 9.3 Measuring Path LB 379 with Threaded Connector... -
Page 34: Measuring Path Lb 3602/03
LB 379 9.4 Measuring Path LB 3602/03... -
Page 35: Atex Certificate
LB 379 10 ATEX Certificate... - Page 36 LB 379...
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Page 42: Index
LB 379 11 Index Photomultiplier ........ 26 Pt100 ..........18 Adjust current input ......26 Adjustment of input current....26 Assembly description ......13 Radiation Protection Instructions ..5 Radiation Protection Officer ....13 Radioactive source ......12 Crystal ........... 27 Resistance thermometer .... - Page 43 LB 379 BERTHOLD TECHNOLOGIES GmbH & Co. KG Calmbacher Str. 22 D-75323 Bad Wildbad Germany www.Berthold.com...
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