ZyXEL Communications ZyXEL ZyAIR A-6000 User Manual page 42

ISP
LAN
Linux
Logic Bomb
MAC
Name Resolution
NAT
NDIS
NetBIOS
Network
NIC
Node
Packet Filter
PAP
Password
Cracker
Password
encryption
Password
Shadowing
Penetration
Phreaking
CLI commands
dangerous can cause your system to crash.
Internet Service Providers provide connections into the Internet for home users
and businesses. There are local, regional, national, and global ISPs. You can
think of local ISPs as the gatekeepers into the Internet.
Local Area Network is a shared communication system to which many
computers are attached. A LAN, as its name implies, is limited to a local area.
This has to do more with the electrical characteristics of the medium than the
fact that many early LANs were designed for departments, although the latter
accurately describes a LAN as well. LANs have different topologies, the most
common being the linear bus and the star configuration.
A version of the UNIX operating system designed to run on IBM Compatible
computers.
A virus that only activates itself when certain conditions are met. Logic bombs
usually damage files or cause other serious problems when they are activated.
On a local area network (LAN) or other network, the MAC (Media Access
Control) address is your computer's unique hardware number. (On an Ethernet
LAN, it's the same as your Ethernet address.) The MAC layer frames data for
transmission over the network, then passes the frame to the physical layer
interface where it is transmitted as a stream of bits.
The allocation of an IP address to a host name. See DNS
Network Address Translation is the translation of an Internet Protocol address
used within one network to a different IP address known within another network
- see also SUA.
Network Driver Interface Specification is a Windows specification for how
communication protocol programs (such as TCP/IP) and network device drivers
should communicate with each other.
Network Basic Input / Output System. NetBIOS is an extension of the DOS
BIOS that enables a PC to connect to and communicate with a LAN.
Any time you connect 2 or more computers together so that they can share
resources, you have a computer network. Connect 2 or more networks together
and you have an internet.
Network Interface Card. A board that provides network communication
capabilities to and from a computer system. Also called an adapter.
Any single computer connected to a network
A filter that scans packets and decides whether to let them through.
Password Authentication Protocol PAP is a security protocol that requires users
to enter a password before accessing a secure system. The user's name and
password are sent over the wire to a server, where they are compared with a
database of user account names and passwords. This technique is vulnerable
to wiretapping (eavesdropping) because the password can be captured and
used by someone to log onto the system.
A program that uses a dictionary of words, phrases, names, etc. to guess a
password.
A system of encrypting electronic files using a single key or password. Anyone
who knows the password can decrypt the file.
The encrypted password is no visible in the passwd file but stored in a shadow
file that is only readable by root. This prevents brute force attacks on the
encrypted field to guess the password. see e.g.:
http://whatis.com/shadowpa.htm
Gaining access to computers or networks by bypassing security programs and
passwords.
Breaking into phone or other communication systems. Phreaking sites on the
Internet are popular among crackers and other criminals
A-6000 High Speed, Long Range Ethernet Wireless Bridge
5-4