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5 START-UP
5.1 PRELIMINARY INSPECTION
Before the first start-up or after a long time out of
operation, check:
1.
If the alternator is clean and if the packaging materials
and protective elements were removed;
2.
If the connection parts of the coupling are in perfect
conditions and well greased and tightened where
necessary;
3.
If the alternator is aligned;
4.
If the bearings are properly lubricated and in working
condition;
5.
If the cables of the accessories are connected;
6.
If the windings insulation resistance has the
prescribed value;
7.
If all objects, such as tools, measuring instruments
and alignment devices, were removed from the
alternator operation place;
8.
If the alternator is properly fixed;
9.
If the electrical connections are in accordance with
the wiring diagram of the alternator;
10. If the voltage regulator is properly connected and
adjusted according to its installation manual;
11. If the conductors of the line are properly connected to
the main terminals so as to prevent a short circuit or
disconnection;
12. If the alternator is properly grounded;
13. If the cooling system is working.
14. If the air inputs and outputs are clear;
15. If the water inputs and outputs are clear (alternators
with air-water heat exchanger);
16. Manually rotate the assembly in order to ascertain
whether there is no interference in the air gap. After
the alternator is driven with no load, it must rotate
smoothly without strange noises.
5.2 INITIAL OPERATION
In addition to following the safety instructions given in item
2.2 of this manual, in order to perform the first start-up of
the alternator, the following procedure must be adopted:
a)
Make sure that the alternator terminals are
disconnected from the load by removing the fuses on
the panel or placing the circuit breaker in the "off"
position;
b)
Turn off the space heaters of the alternator, before
starting it;
c)
Disconnect the voltage regulator.
ATTENTION
The PID gains of the voltage regulator shall
be correctly adjusted to allow a rapid and
appropriate load variation response.
d)
Rotate the assembly and check for strange noises;
e)
Drive the alternator up to the rated speed and verify
noises and vibration, and check all protective devices;
26
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Installation, operation and maintenance manual
After following the procedures described above and
solving any problems that may have occurred (see item 9),
turn off the set.
f)
With the alternator completely stopped, connect the
voltage regulator, activate the set and make the
necessary adjustments. The manual of the voltage
regulator describes the procedures for the available
settings (stability, voltage, U/F).
g)
Close the main circuit breaker, apply load, and
monitor the alternator current, making sure that it is
within the specification.
h)
Check the vibration and temperature levels of the set
and monitor the measuring instruments (current,
voltage and frequency). If there is significant variation
in the vibration of the set between the initial condition
and after the temperature stabilizes, it is necessary to
reassess the alignment/leveling of the set.
ATTENTION
All measuring and control instruments must
be under constant observation so that any
changes in operation can be detected and
remedied.
5.2.1
Temperatures
The temperatures of the bearings, stator winding and
cooling water (if applicable) must be monitored while the
alternator is operation. These temperatures must stabilize
within 4 to 8 hours of operation.
The temperature of the stator winding depends on the
load; therefore, the supplied load must also be monitored
during the operation of the alternator.
5.2.2
Bearings
The start-up of the system, and the first hours of operation
must be continuously monitored.
Watch for vibration or abnormal noise. If the bearing
does not work in a silent and smooth way, the
alternator must be stopped immediately, the cause
found and corrected.
The alternator must operate for some hours until the
bearing temperature stabilizes within the limits
mentioned in this manual.
If the bearing temperature rises, the alternator must be
stopped in order to check the bearings and
temperature sensors.
After reaching the bearing working temperature, check
for leaks through the plugs, gaskets or shaft end.
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