Sierra Wireless AirPrime XA1110 Manual
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Sierra Wireless AirPrime XA1110 Manual

Antenna module
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AirPrime XA1110/XM1110
AirPrime XA1110/XM1110
41111116
Rev 1

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Summary of Contents for Sierra Wireless AirPrime XA1110

  • Page 1 AirPrime XA1110/XM1110 AirPrime XA1110/XM1110 41111116 Rev 1...
  • Page 2 Data may be delayed, corrupted (i.e., have errors) or be totally lost. Although significant delays or losses of data are rare when wireless devices such as the Sierra Wireless modem are used in a normal manner with a well-constructed network, the Sierra Wireless modem should not be used in...
  • Page 3 ® product includes technology licensed from QUALCOMM . This product is manufactured or sold by Sierra Wireless Inc. or its affiliates under one or more patents licensed from InterDigital Group and MMP Portfolio Licensing. Copyright © 2017 Sierra Wireless. All rights reserved.

  • Page 4: Table Of Contents

    Contents Introduction ........... . .6 Precautions.
  • Page 5 Contents Thermal Profile for SMD Modules ........30 SMT Reflow Soldering Temperature Profile .

  • Page 6: Introduction

    1: Introduction The purpose of this application note is to assist the system developer and integrator with the MT3333 chip-based Sierra Wireless receiver modules during the process of implementation. This document covers the following receiver modules: Standard Modules • XM1110 •...

  • Page 7: Precautions

    Introduction Figure 1-3: Titan 2 (Gms-g6) and Titan 2B (Gms-b6) Figure 1-4: Titan 3 (Gms-g9) and Titan1 (PA6E-CAM) Figure 1-5: XA1110 Precautions Please read carefully before you start If you use the GNSS receiver inside buildings, tunnels, or beside any huge objects, the GNSS signals might be cut-off or weakened.

  • Page 8: Technical Support

    AirPrime XA1110/XM1110 Hardware Design Guide Technical Support If you have any technical problems or cannot find the required information in our documents, please feel free to contact us for technical support. Below is a list of information which you can provide to us to help us in determining the source of the problem and the necessary solution: 1.

  • Page 9: General Rules For Design

    2: General Rules for Design This section provides some rules when using the GNSS module to obtain good GNSS performance. Circuit Design Power Supply - Compatible Models: Gmm-g3, Gmm-g3(B), Gms-g6a, Gms-g9, Gms-g6, Gms- b6,PA6E-CAM, XM1110, XA1110 It is necessary to provide a clean and stable power supply for our GNSS module in order to obtain good performance.

  • Page 10: Vbackup Backup Battery - Compatible Models: Gmm-G3, Gmm-G3(B), Gms-G6A, Gms-G9, Gms-G6, Gms-B6, Pa6E-Cam, Xm1110, Xa1110

    AirPrime XA1110/XM1110 Hardware Design Guide VBACKUP backup battery - Compatible Models: Gmm-g3, Gmm-g3(B), Gms-g6a, Gms- g9, Gms-g6, Gms-b6, PA6E-CAM, XM1110, XA1110 The GNSS module has a built-in charging circuit which charges the rechargeable coin battery. For most systems, it is recommended to provide the module with backup power (e.g.
  • Page 11 General Rules for Design 3. Please don’t connect diode(s) to RX/TX as it will decrease the signal driving capability which might adversely affect the RX/TX signal level. In some cases no data output will occur. 4. If RS232 logic-level is needed for any particular application, the level shifter will be necessary.

  • Page 12: Gnd-Ground - Compatible Models: Compatible Models: Gmm-G3, Gmm- G3(B), Gms-G6A, Gms-G9, Gms-G6, Gms-B6, Pa6E-Cam, Xm1110, Xa1110

    AirPrime XA1110/XM1110 Hardware Design Guide GND-Ground - Compatible Models: Compatible Models: Gmm-g3, Gmm-g3(B), Gms-g6a, Gms- g9, Gms-g6, Gms-b6, PA6E-CAM, XM1110, XA1110 Make sure all GND pins of the module are connected to a completed ground plane. The separation of ground between the GNSS module and the rest of the system are recommended to avoid interference.
  • Page 13 DC from the RF trace. Thus the RF trace transports both the RF signal and DC power. An RF chock coil couples the DC power to the RF trace to perform this method. The Sierra Wireless modules provide a circuit for connecting an external antenna and power feeding method as depicted in Figure...
  • Page 14 AirPrime XA1110/XM1110 Hardware Design Guide Mode2 (i.e. XM1110): The power supply needs to be externally provided and • is connected directly to the external antenna via a chock coil. Note: Chock Coil for reference: LQG15HS33NJ02D (Murata) Figure 2-6: Mode 2: (External chock coil) Note: Chock Coil for reference: LQG15HS33NJ02D (Murata) Mode3 (i.e.
  • Page 15 General Rules for Design Figure 2-8: Modes Design chip antenna with GNSS module Different vendors have different reference designs, so we list two chip antenna sources: Pulse and Unictron. 1. Antenna source: Pulse Figure 2-9: Pulse Schematic Design Figure 2-10: Pulse PCB Layout When selecting the Antenna source, check its datasheet first before tuning an RF match component’s footprint (such as: C27, C28).
  • Page 16 AirPrime XA1110/XM1110 Hardware Design Guide Pulse web site: www.pulseeng.com/antennas Note: C27, C28’s value are still based on your actual trace to tune it. 2. Antenna source: Unictron Figure 2-11: Unictron Schematic Figure 2-12: Unictron PCB When you select this source, check its datasheet first before tuning the RF match component’s footprint (such as: C26, C27, C28, C29, C30).

  • Page 17: 1Pps - Compatible Models: Gmm-G3, Gmm-G3(B), Gms-G6A, Gms-G9, Gms- G6, Gms-B6,Pa6E-Cam, Xm1110, Xa1110

    General Rules for Design External Antenna of Specification When select your external antenna, refer to the specification shown in Table 2-1 Table 2-2 below. The Gmm-g3 module uses the GPS/GLONASS External Antenna: Table 2-1: GPS/GLONASS External Antenna Characteristic Specification Polarization Right-hand circular polarized Frequency Received 1.575GHz~1.615GHz...
  • Page 18 Figure 2-13: 1PPS signal and its pulse width with 100ms duration Free run 1PPS Output Before 3D_FIX The Sierra Wireless standard GNSS module outputs 1PPS signal after the module obtains a 3D_FIX. This is a factory default setting. Cable Delay Compensation In some cases a long distance connection (~300m) may be needed.

  • Page 19: Gms-G6, Gms-B6

    General Rules for Design Figure 2-14: 1PPS Signal Design for IO 3D_Fix - Compatible Models: Gmm-g3, Gmm- g3(B), Gms-g6a, Gms-g9, Gms-g6, Gms-b6 3D_Fix signal is an output pulse signal used for GPS fix applications. Its electrical characteristics are: • Low Voltage level: 0~0.4V •...
  • Page 20 AirPrime XA1110/XM1110 Hardware Design Guide Signal Output After 2D or 3D Fix Duration: Constant low level output (Firmware customizable) Figure 2-16: Signal output after 2D or 3D Fix For 3D_Fix indication, you may connect an LED with a 330ohm resister in series...

  • Page 21: 1.8V Boost To 3.3V Application

    General Rules for Design 1.8V Boost to 3.3V Application If you want to use the 3.3V’s GNSS module in the 1.8V system there are two considerations: power supply translation and signal level shift. For power supply translation, you can use a boost circuit which can boost 1.8V to 3.3V (refer to Figure 2-19 below).

  • Page 22: Layout Guidelines

    AirPrime XA1110/XM1110 Hardware Design Guide For signal level shift, when your host system is 1.8V and the Sierra Wireless module is 3.3V, the host system can control the Sierra Wireless module by using a signal level shift circuit (refer to theFigure 2-21 below).
  • Page 23 General Rules for Design Figure 2-22: GPS Module on a clean GND Plane Don’t place any trace such as I C (SCL/SDA), SPI (CLK/MISO/MOSI), UART (TX/ RX) underneath the GNSS module, otherwise it will cause a sensitivity decrease. For Modules Gms-g9, Gms-g6, Gms-b6 and PA6E- Place a hole according to the location of the RF feeding pin of the module.
  • Page 24 AirPrime XA1110/XM1110 Hardware Design Guide Figure 2-24: GPS on a clean GND plane and antenna hole For Module XA1110 In order to avoid the interference, place many vias on the two sides of the RF trace which is from the module to the SMA/RF connector on your system PCB as illustrated in xxx below.

  • Page 25: Keep Far Away From High Profile Or Metal-Canned Components - Compatible Models: Gms-G6A, Gms-G9, Gms-G6, Gms-B6,Pa6E- Cam, Xa1110

    General Rules for Design Keep Far Away from High Profile or Metal- Canned Components - Compatible Models: Gms-g6a, Gms-g9, Gms-g6, Gms-b6,PA6E- CAM, XA1110 It is good practice to place the GNSS module far away from any high-profile components especially with metal case enclosed components such as the E-CAP, coin battery, and Pin Header.

  • Page 26: Placement - Compatible Models: Gmm-G3, Gmm-G3(B), Gms-G6A, Gms-G9, Gms-G6, Gms-B6, Pa6E-Cam, Xm1110, Xa1110

    AirPrime XA1110/XM1110 Hardware Design Guide Placement - Compatible Models: Gmm-g3, Gmm-g3(B), Gms-g6a, Gms-g9, Gms-g6, Gms- b6, PA6E-CAM, XM1110, XA1110 • Place the decoupling capacitors for the VCC close to the GNSS module. • Place the damping resistors for TX/RX close to GNSS module.

  • Page 27: Ground Segmentation - Compatible Models: Gmm-G3, Gmm-G3(B), Gms-G6A, Gms-G9, Gms-G6, Gms-B6, Pa6E-Cam, Xm1110, Xa1110

    General Rules for Design Ground Segmentation - Compatible Models: Gmm-g3, Gmm-g3(B), Gms-g6a, Gms-g9, Gms- g6, Gms-b6, PA6E-CAM, XM1110, XA1110 In general, the separation of ground between the GNSS module and the rest of the system is recommended to avoid interference. If this is not possible, it is best to follow these typical rules: segmentation of ground between digital and analogue system, high current and low current system, and different radiation systems such as GNSS and GPRS.
  • Page 28 AirPrime XA1110/XM1110 Hardware Design Guide Compatible Model: Gms-g6a For the Gms-g6a with a built-in chip antenna module, a special ground plane is required to improve chip antenna reception performance. As shown in the circled area of figure Figure 2-32 where the chip antenna area is...

  • Page 29: Metal Effect On The Gnss Module Compatible Model: Gms-G6A

    General Rules for Design Metal Effect on the GNSS Module Compatible Model: Gms-g6a The Gms-g6a chip antenna is a sensitive component with the environment. Care consideration should be taken regarding the housing and the environment where it is placed: 1. The housing (case) of the host device should not be made of or include any conductive material for the basic antenna reception.

  • Page 30: Thermal Profile For Smd Modules

    3: Thermal Profile for SMD Modules The following information is Pb-Free compliant. The details are for reference only. SMT Reflow Soldering Temperature Profile • Average ramp-up rate (25 ~ 150°C): 3°C/sec. max. • Average ramp-up rate (270°C to peak): 3°C/sec. max. •...

  • Page 31: Troubleshooting

    4: Troubleshooting How to Check the Working Status of the GPS Module The first thing to check for is the NMEA sentence output through TX using various application tools. For example: you may use the Windows tool: Hyperterminal or you may use another GPS application program.
  • Page 32 AirPrime XA1110/XM1110 Hardware Design Guide Item 4: TX0 The UART transmitter of the module outputs the GPS NMEA information for the application. Figure 4-2: TX0 Rev 1 Jun.17 41111116...

  • Page 33: Super Capacitor Design

    Appendix A:Super Capacitor Design About Super Capacitors Super capacitors have a lifetime similar to that of aluminum electrolytic capacitors. The service life of a super capacitor is greatly dependent on the operating temperature, humidity, applied voltage, current, and backup time. Therefore, the service life is determined based on the backup time set by the customer.

  • Page 34: Ω Antenna Matching

    Appendix B:50 Ω Antenna Matching We used the AppCAD tool to simulate 50Ω impedance for the RF PCB layout. Table B-1: Antenna Matching RF Line Width (W) PCB FR4 Dielectric Copper Thickness Thickness Parameters per ounce 1.8mm 0.035mm Figure B-1: Dimensions Notice: For multi-layer layouts, you could place a ground layer in the second layer to minimize the trace width in a specific PCB (such as FR4) and impedance.

  • Page 35: Uart To Rs232 Interface

    Typically an RS232 or USB interface is required to connect the PC to the Sierra Wireless GNSS module for communication. The majority of Sierra Wireless modules use a set of communication ports in TTL-logic. Some newer ones support direct USB connection.

  • Page 36: Uart To Usb Interface

    Appendix D:UART to USB Interface If the Sierra Wireless module you have purchased does not come with a USB interface, it is possible to connect the module to an external USB IC. To further enhance the transferring speed, use one that is capable of USB version 2.0. Once the driver for the chosen USB Bridge IC is successfully installed onto Windows or another operating system, the USB Bridge IC will automatically be recognized as a COM port.

  • Page 37: How To Efficiently Transfer 1Pps Through Extended Distances

    1PPS. The accuracy level of 1PPS for Sierra Wireless GNSS modules is within 100ns. This applies to most of Sierra Wireless’ MTK GNSS modules. The reference design in...

  • Page 38: 1Pps Delay Time

    AirPrime XA1110/XM1110 Hardware Design Guide 1pps Delay Time When using coaxial cable for long distance communication using an OP-amp for amplification, pay close attention to the coaxial cable time delay and the rising time of the wave form due to the OP-amp’s Slew Rate. A brief explanation for this is given below.

  • Page 39: The Delay Time Caused By The Cable

    The Delay Time Caused by the Cable Figure E-4: The delay time caused by the cable Calculating the Delay Time in Respect to the Communication Cable Length The simplest method to calculate this is to have a good grasp of the relationship of the three parameters: 1.

  • Page 40: Waveform Rising Time Caused By Op-Amp

    AirPrime XA1110/XM1110 Hardware Design Guide Other coaxial cable electromagnetic fundamental parameters along with the inner and outer diameter of the physical cable can be used in combination to perform theoretical calculations. Waveform Rising Time Caused by OP- Figure E-5 shows Slew Rate which is the time needed for a rising waveform.

  • Page 41: Reflow Soldering Precautions

    Appendix F:Reflow Soldering Precau- tions Table F-1: Precautions Details Suggestions Notes Before proceeding with Pre-bake Time: The maximum tolerated temperature for the reflow-soldering the tray is 100°C. 6 Hours @ 60°±5°C or process, the GPS 4 Hours @ 70°±5°C module must be pre- After the pre-baking process, please make baked.
  • Page 42 AirPrime XA1110/XM1110 Hardware Design Guide Table F-1: Precautions Details Suggestions Notes Before handling the 1. One may use an electric It is very easy to cause a positional offset PCBA, they must be fan behind the reflow to the module and its patch antenna when cooled to 35°C or below...

  • Page 43: Other Cautionary Notes On The Reflow-Soldering Process

    8. If an SMT protection line is running a double-sided process for PCBA, please process the GPS module during the second pass only to avoid repeated reflow exposures of the GPS module. Please contact Sierra Wireless beforehand if you must process the GPS module during the first pass of double-side process.

  • Page 44: Manual Soldering

    AirPrime XA1110/XM1110 Hardware Design Guide Manual Soldering Soldering Iron Heat Temperature: Under 380°C | Time: Under 3 sec. Notes: 1. To prevent further oxidation, do not directly touch the soldering pads on the surface of the PCB board. 2. The solder paste must be defrosted to room temperature before use so that it can return to its optimal working temperature.

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