Garmin GDL 90 Installation Manual
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Garmin GDL 90 Installation Manual

Garmin GDL 90 Installation Manual

Uat data link sensor
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GDL 90 UAT Data Link Sensor
Installation Manual
April 2004
560-1049-00 Rev B

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  • Page 1 GDL 90 UAT Data Link Sensor Installation Manual April 2004 560-1049-00 Rev B...
  • Page 2 Garmin. Garmin hereby grants permission to download a single copy of this manual and of any revision to this manual onto a hard drive or other electronic storage medium to be viewed for...
  • Page 3 APM tests, update lightning categories (2.5.2, 2.8.2, A.1, A.2, Fig C-1). Add exploded-view diagrams (Fig. 2-4, 2-5). Correct MX20 manual refs (4.2.2, 4.3.1.2.2). RDERING NFORMATION To receive additional copies of GDL 90 publications, order the following part numbers: GDL 90 Installation Manual 560-1049-xx UAT Antenna Installation Guide 560-0215-xx...
  • Page 4 1-12 -- A-1 B A-2 B B-1 B B-2 A B-3 -- B-4 B C-1 B C-2 B C-3 B C-4 2-10 B D-1 2-11 B D-2 2-12 2-13 2-14 2-15 2-16 2-17 2-18 2-19 2-20 GDL 90 Installation Manual...

  • Page 5: Table Of Contents

    IRCULAR EFERENCES 1.4.2 TSO A ..........................1-9 UTHORIZATION 1.4.3 FCC G ..................1-9 RANT OF QUIPMENT UTHORIZATION 1.4.4 GDL 90 STC A ......................1-10 UTHORIZATION ........................1-10 NPACKING THE QUIPMENT ..........................1-10 ACKAGE ONTENTS & A ........................1-11 EFINITIONS CRONYMS ..............................
  • Page 6 2-7. U ......................2-21 ABLE AINTENANCE OMMANDS 4-1. M ..................4-2 ABLE TEMS FOR INITIALIZATION 4-2. D .................4-4 ABLE NSTALLATION HECKOUT 4-3. GDL 90 P ..............4-10 ABLE ROUBLESHOOTING UIDE 5-1. T .....................5-1 ABLE TATIC D-1. S ........................1 IST OF LLUSTRATIONS IGURE AMPLE...
  • Page 7 Table of Contents IGURE ONNECTORS 2-4: GDL 90 T & C .................... 2-6 IGURE PTIONAL OVER 2-5: GDL 90 T & O ..................2-7 IGURE NTENNA LACEMENT 2-6. A ......................2-8 IGURE IGHT NGLE ONNECTOR SSEMBLY 2-7. R ..............2-9...
  • Page 8 Table of Contents OTES 560-1049-00 Rev B GDL 90 Installation Manual...

  • Page 9: Eneral Nformation

    The information in this manual is STC approved. Only the equipment interfaces covered in this manual are within the scope of this STC. Other equipment may be suitable for use with the GDL 90, but use of such equipment is beyond the scope of this STC – additional FAA approval may be required if equipment not covered in this manual is used to interface to the GDL 90.

  • Page 10: Equipment Description

    The Garmin GDL 90 is a remote-mounted product that contains a GPS/WAAS engine and a Universal Access Transceiver. The GDL 90 will transmit ownship data via the UAT data link. It will receive data from other UAT-equipped aircraft, as well as FIS-B weather – the received data may be output to an appropriate display.
  • Page 11 General Information Figure 1-1. Sample GDL 90 System Diagram GDL 90 Installation Manual 560-1049-00 Rev B...

  • Page 12: Specifications

    The GDL 90 can drive one external annunciator lamp and receive inputs from various switches to control its operation. 1.2.2.4 Maintenance Interface The GDL 90 has a RS232 communication port that is used to configure and check status of the GDL 90 system. Refer to other sections of this manual for more description. 1.2.2.5 Audio Alert...

  • Page 13: Gps/Waas Receiver

    Frequency ............978.00 MHz Transmit Power..........50 W (+47 dBm) Frequency Tolerance ........+/- 20 PPM Modulation.............Continuous Phase FSK, h = 0.6, Raised Cosine shaping, a = 0.5 Data Rate ............1.04 Mbps 99% Power Bandwidth ........1.3 MHz GDL 90 Installation Manual 560-1049-00 Rev B...
  • Page 14 Receiver Sensitivity ........-96 dBm for 90% MSR 1.3.6 VIONICS NTERFACES Annunciator Outputs ........Open collector output capable of sinking up to 400 mA for turning ON annunciator lamp Multi-function Display........RS-422 asynchronous serial Altitude Encoder ........... RS-232 asynchronous serial 560-1049-00 Rev B GDL 90 Installation Manual...
  • Page 15 Current: ...........35 mA nominal, 40 mA max. L1 Filter Bandwidth ......1575 ±20 MHz (3 dB) +110, -210 MHz (60dB) Group Delay (3dB bandwidth)....27 ±10 nanosecond Pass Band Ripple (3dB bandwidth) …….0.2 dB max GDL 90 Installation Manual 560-1049-00 Rev B...
  • Page 16 Current:........... 35 mA nominal, 40 mA max. L1 Filter Bandwidth....... 1575 ±20 MHz (3 dB) +110, -210 MHz (60dB) Group Delay (3dB bandwidth) ....27 ±10 nanosecond Pass Band Ripple (3dB bandwidth) …….0.2 dB max 560-1049-00 Rev B GDL 90 Installation Manual...

  • Page 17: Regulatory Compliance

    UAT data link antennas. CAUTION Operating the GDL 90 with no RF terminations on the Top or Bottom UAT Antenna ports can result in equipment damage. Always operate the GDL 90 with the Top and Bottom UAT Antenna ports terminated with a VSWR ratio of 3.0:1 or less.

  • Page 18: Gdl 90 Stc A

    General Information demonstrate that the GDL 90 is compatible with existing FCC regulations in 47 CFR2 and 47 CFR87. Use of UAT for government programs, such as Capstone Phase 1 and Phase 2 in Alaska, has been fully coordinated with NTIA, and is authorized. In December of 2000, the RTCA created Working Group 5 of Special Committee 186, to develop and approve the Minimum Operational Performance Standards for the UAT data link.

  • Page 19: Definitions & Acronyms

    Table 1-4. Optional Parts Part # Description 310-0467-xx Capstone Phase 1 Adapter Plate 500-0290-xx Capstone Phase 1 Adapter Cable 560-1057-xx GDL 90 Capstone Upgrade Instructions 1.7 D & A EFINITIONS CRONYMS Air Data Computer AHRS Attitude Heading Reference System Altitude...
  • Page 20 General Information OTES 1-12 560-1049-00 Rev B GDL 90 Installation Manual...

  • Page 21: Nstallation

    Complete an electrical load analysis in accordance with AC 43.13-1B, Chapter 11, on the aircraft prior to starting modification to ensure aircraft has the ability to carry the GDL 90 load. Refer to Section 2.10 for the power consumption of each GDL 90 mode of operation. Document the results of the electrical load analysis on FAA Form 337.

  • Page 22: Table 2-1. Crimp Tool For Table 2-2. Interfacec

    980-200-426 M81969/39-01 Crimp tool 995-0001-584 M22520/2-01 Positioner 995-0001-604 M22520/2-08 Below is the contact for ITT/Cannon crimp tools: ITT Cannon Phone (714) 261-5300 1851 E. Deere Ave FAX (714) 575-8324 Santa Ana, CA 92705-6500 560-1049-00 Rev B GDL 90 Installation Manual...

  • Page 23: Equipment Mounting

    6.4-pound unit. If it is necessary to build a shelf or bracket to mount the GDL 90 tray or it is not certain that the chosen location is of sufficient structural integrity, refer to Appendix D.
  • Page 24 Installation Procedures Figure 2-1. Single Engine Aircraft GDL 90 Mounting Locations Figure 2-2. Multi-Engine Aircraft GDL 90 Mounting Locations 560-1049-00 Rev B GDL 90 Installation Manual...
  • Page 25 Installation Procedures Figure 2-3. GDL 90 Mounting Tray & Dimensions GDL 90 Installation Manual 560-1049-00 Rev B...
  • Page 26 Figure 2-4: GDL 90 Tray & Connectors CAUTION Operating the GDL 90 with no RF terminations on the Top or Bottom UAT Antenna ports can result in equipment damage. Always operate the GDL 90 with the Top and Bottom UAT Antenna ports terminated with a VSWR ratio of 3.0:1 or less.

  • Page 27: Unit Insertion & R

    Position the GDL 90 in the mounting tray and slide the unit fully into the tray. Turn the DZUS fastener on the front bottom of the GDL 90 clockwise ¼ turn to lock in the unit. If the DZUS fastener is hard to turn or the unit does not seat fully, the unit is probably binding and the mounting tray and position of the unit should be checked.

  • Page 28: Gps Antenna

    Figure 2-7. RG-400 cable can be used as long as the length is less than 35 feet. For longer lengths, use low-loss 50 coax. Suggestion: Temporarily locate the GPS antenna with coax connected to the GDL 90 and check the GPS performance as described in the GPS Operation and Position test in the Post Installation Checkout Section.

  • Page 29: Uat Antennas

    1575.42 MHz notch filter may be installed in series with the antenna coax of the VHF comm transceiver to reduce or eliminate the harmonic interference. A notch filter (part #162-1059) is available from Garmin AT. If a VHF comm transmitter causes problems with the GPS on the selected frequencies as listed in the post-installation checkout, the problem may be due to the ELT.

  • Page 30: Table 2-3. Crimp Contact

    The Garmin AT UAT antenna is vertical polarized, optimized for UHF operation, and designed for installation in aircraft, including helicopters. The GDL 90 will receive signals from two antennas on top and bottom of the fuselage. Since UAT is a line-of-sight system, the antenna must have an unobstructed view of the target.

  • Page 31: Interface Connector

    Installation Procedures 2.7.1 NTERFACE ONNECTOR EFINITION Figure 2-8. Rear Connector Layout GDL 90 Installation Manual 560-1049-00 Rev B 2-11...

  • Page 32: Table 2-4. Main Systemc

    2.7.1.1 Main System Connector (P1) The basic GDL 90 interface is handled via a standard density male 15-pin D-SUB connector located at the rear of the unit. The pinout for the connector is defined in the following table. Table 2-4. Main System Connector Pin-Out (P1)

  • Page 33: Table 2-5. I/O Connectorp

    429 OUT 3B ARINC 429 Output Channel 3B 429 OUT 2B ARINC 429 Output Channel 2B 429 OUT 1B ARINC 429 Output Channel 1B VIEW LOOKING AT REAR OF UNIT Figure 2-10. 37-pin Connector GDL 90 Installation Manual 560-1049-00 Rev B 2-13...

  • Page 34: Functional Descriptions 2.8.1 Power

    Installation Procedures 2.8 F UNCTIONAL ESCRIPTIONS 2.8.1 OWER Aircraft power is provided to the GDL 90 on the main system connector. The GDL 90 will accept input power from 10 to 40 VDC. P1-1 Power + P1-9 Power + P1-2...

  • Page 35: Iscrete Utput

    UAT Fail Out The UAT Fail Out (P2-25) is used to indicate the status of the GDL 90 or status of its internal GPS engine. The function of this discrete output can be configured via the APM setup (refer to Section 3.0.)

  • Page 36: Discrete Inputs

    Audio Inhibit In (not used) The Audio Inhibit In is used to inhibit the GDL 90 audio messages. A ground on this input causes GDL 90 audio messages not to be played; if this input is open GDL 90 audio messages will be played.

  • Page 37: Serial Interfaces

    If the ARINC 429 input is used, RxD4 and RxD5 cannot be used. The GDL 90 can communicate with maintenance PC using RS232 RxD1 and TxD1. This interface is used to program the APM and get additional system status information on the system.

  • Page 38: Audio

    Installation Procedures 2.8.6.2 ARINC 429 The GDL 90 provides up to four ARINC 429 inputs. Each of these may be configured for low-speed or high-speed operation. P2-15 429 IN 1A P2-33 429 IN 1B P2-14 429 IN 2A P2-32 429 IN 2B...

  • Page 39: Weight And Balance

    EIGHT AND ALANCE Weight and balance computation is required after the installation of the GDL 90. Follow the guidelines as established in AC 43.13-1B, Chapter 10, Section 2. Make appropriate entries in the equipment list indicating items added, removed, or relocated along with the date accomplished. Include your name and certificate number in the aircraft records.
  • Page 40 Installation Procedures Figure 2-11. GDL 90 Center of Gravity 2-20 560-1049-00 Rev B GDL 90 Installation Manual...

  • Page 41: Lectrical Oad

    Table 2-7. Unit Power Loads 14 VDC 28 VDC GDL 90 Input Typical Typical GDL 90 Main Power 1.5 A 3.00 750mA NOTE Circuits should be protected in accordance with guidelines in AC 43.13-1B, chapter 11, Section 2, Paragraph 429.

  • Page 43: Limitations

    CFR Part 43 or the applicable airworthiness requirements. If the aircraft with a GDL 90 installed operates outside the state of Alaska, the system must be configured to disallow the Capstone squawk code features. This is done by configuring the APM to disable Capstone feature (Section 4.2.1.2).

  • Page 44: Equipmenti

    QUIPMENT NTERFACED TO THE Any aircraft systems, other than those shown in this installation manual, that interface to the GDL 90 are outside the scope of this manual and may require further evaluation and/or certification approval. All equipment interfaced to the GDL 90 must be previously or concurrently approved.

  • Page 45: Mounting And 4.2 Equipment Setup And

    Maintenance mode of the GDL 90, which is accessible by connecting a PC or terminal to the GDL 90 serial maintenance port (P1-3 and 4, RS232 RxD1 and TxD1, 38400 baud rate, 8-bit data, 1 stop bit, no parity, no flow control) and using commands as described in the following sections.

  • Page 46: Table 4-1. Maintenancem

    Post-Installation Configuration & Checkout 4.2.1 AINTENANCE The GDL 90 maintenance port, operating at 38400 baud rate, 8-bit data, 1 stop bit, no parity, no flow control, allows maintenance personnel to perform the following functions: Program/view GDL 90 APM settings View GDL 90 system status...
  • Page 47 <above> <below> 10 to 254 hundreds of feet (Zero= No filtering) GDL 90 will not make available targets that are at altitudes higher than the aircraft’s altitude + <above> OR lower than aircraft’s altitude - <below> Ex: if (50 20) was entered and aircraft is currently at 6000’, the GDL 90 will only provide for display any targets that are between 4000’...
  • Page 48 0 =as UAT Fail Indicator 1 =as GPS Valid indicator usage The GDL 90’s UAT Fail discrete output that can be set to function in 2 different ways. Refer to Section 2.8.4.1for more details. Air/Ground Indication 1 =airborne open 2 =on-ground open 0 =not available If GDL 90 is connected to the aircraft’s air/ground switch, enter the...

  • Page 49: Table 4-2. Data Items For 4-3. Gdl 90 Post -I

    Antenna Mode Dual DC-Grounded UAT Antenna GPS Delay 0 ns Top Antenna Delay 0 ns Bottom Antenna Delay 0 ns A429 Port 4 ADC - High Speed AHRS Not installed Audio Air Volume GDL 90 Installation Manual 560-1049-00 Rev B...
  • Page 50 ON = output GPS status once per second OFF = stop outputting GPS status 4.2.1.7 Playaudio Command The Playaudio command causes the GDL 90 to output 1 kHz tone for a second. This is intended for testing the audio connections in the aircraft. >playaudio 4.2.1.8 Reset Command The Reset command causes the GDL 90 to reset itself.

  • Page 51: Mx20 Setup

    ROUND HECKS The GDL 90 executes a self test at power-up to verify the unit operation as well as other internal functions. Failures and system status are recorded and communicated via 6 LEDs in the front of the unit. Verify that the unit does not display a failure indication when turned on.
  • Page 52 If aircraft is SATCOM-equipped, use the SATCOM system and verify that GPS LED remains steady on. If the GDL 90 is susceptible to VHF Com transmitter interference, then better isolation (or greater separation) may be required between the GPS and VHF (or other offending system) antennas.
  • Page 53 Wait at least 30 seconds (until red message no longer appears at the bottom of the screen) and then recycle power to the MX20. Wait another 30 seconds and verify that the TRAF warning does not appear. GDL 90 Installation Manual 560-1049-00 Rev B...
  • Page 54 Post-Installation Configuration & Checkout Table 4-3. GDL 90 Post-Installation Checkout Log GDL 90 Post-Installation Checkout Log Date: ___/___/___ By: _____________ 430-6081-1_____-______ HW Mod ____ Serial # ___________ SW Mod ____ ETUP TEMS Serial Interface Configuration (RX/TX): ARINC 429 Input Configuration:...

  • Page 55: Roubleshooting

    GDL 90 Maintenance port is essential in troubleshooting. In addition, devices connected to the GDL 90, such as a control panel / transponder or MX20 can be useful for determining whether the GDL 90 is functioning properly or if there are problems with the installation.
  • Page 56 Limitations 5.2 C ONTACTING THE ACTORY FOR SSISTANCE If the GDL 90 unit fails to operate despite troubleshooting efforts, contact Garmin AT Technical Support for assistance. Garmin AT, Inc. 2345 Turner Rd. SE Salem, Oregon 97302 Phone: 503.581.8101 or 800.525.6726 (ext. 3991) http://www.garmin.com...

  • Page 57: Periodic Maintenance

    ATTERY EPLACEMENT The GDL 90 includes an internal battery that will last about 10 years. The battery is used for internal RAM memory and GPS system information. Regular planned replacement is not necessary. The GDL 90 Maint. LED will be lit when replacement is required. To verify that the battery needs replacing, use the “Service”...
  • Page 58 Periodic Maintenance OTES 560-1049-00 Rev B GDL 90 Installation Manual...

  • Page 59: Appendix A - Certification

    A.1 GDL 90 E NVIRONMENTAL UALIFICATION The GDL 90 has been tested to the following environmental categories per procedures defined in RTCA/DO-160D. Tests were conducted in February to April 2004 using the original 1997 revision of DO-160D and the specification defined in PD3536.

  • Page 60: Micro Apm E

    NVIRONMENTAL UALIFICATION The Micro APM has been tested with the GDL 90 to the following environmental categories per procedures defined in RTCA/DO-160D. Tests were conducted in February to April 2004 using the original 1997 revision of DO-160D and the specification defined in PD3536.
  • Page 61 Appendix B - Serial Interface Specifications APPENDIX B - T ROUBLESHOOTING FLOWCHARTS GDL 90 Installation Manual 560-1049-00 Rev B...
  • Page 62 Appendix B - Serial Interface Specifications 560-1049-00 Rev B GDL 90 Installation Manual...
  • Page 63 Appendix B - Serial Interface Specifications GDL 90 Installation Manual 560-1049-00 Rev B...
  • Page 64 Appendix B - Serial Interface Specifications 560-1049-00 Rev B GDL 90 Installation Manual...

  • Page 65: Appendix C - Interconnect

    Appendix C - Interconnect Diagrams APPENDIX C - I NTERCONNECT IAGRAMS GDL 90 Installation Manual 560-1049-00 Rev B...
  • Page 66 Appendix C - Interconnect Diagrams OTES 560-1049-00 Rev B GDL 90 Installation Manual...

  • Page 69: Appendixd - Construction

    Since the combined weight of the GDL 90 and its equipment mounting rack is 6.4 lbs, the static loads which must be applied (Load Factor x 6.4 lbs.) will be the following:...
  • Page 70 Examine all aircraft stringers, bulkheads and skin surfaces, which may have direct or indirect contact with the fabricated shelf. If it is determined that no damage or permanent deformation has occurred, the structure is of sufficient strength and the GDL 90 equipment rack may be permanently mounted on it.

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