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Nortel 1200N User Manual

Nortel 1200N User Manual

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297-8103-903
Nortel Networks
BroadBand STP
Centillion 1200N ATM Switch
User Manual
SSR3.0 Standard 1.01 September 2000

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  • Page 1 297-8103-903 Nortel Networks BroadBand STP Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual SSR3.0 Standard 1.01 September 2000...
  • Page 2 © 2000 Nortel All rights reserved Published in Canada NORTEL NETWORKS CONFIDENTIAL : The information contained in this document is the property of Nortel Networks. Except as specifically authorized in writing by Nortel Networks, the holder of this document shall keep the information contained herein confidential, shall disclose the information only to its employees with a need to know, and shall protect the information, in whole or in part, from disclosure and dissemination to third parties with the same degree of care it uses to protect its own confidential information, but with no less than reasonable care.

  • Page 3: Regulatory Information

    Company Notification If this product is provided with either a CE-DS1 or an ATM-DS1 interface then the following applies: Before installing the Centillion 1200N ATM Switch to the telephone network, the telephone company must be provided with the following: •...

  • Page 4: Service Requirements

    Location of FCC Compliance Labels Labels stating the Centillion 1200N ATM Switch FCC registration number and compliance with FCC Part 15 and 68 are attached to the Base Chassis. The appearance of the labels is as shown below: Regulatory Information for Analog Telephone The equipment uses the following USOC jacks: RJ45.

  • Page 5: Safety Certifications

    telephone company may request that you remove the equipment form the network until the problem is resolved. NO REPAIRS CAN BE DONE BY THE CUSTOMER. IC CS03 Certification (Canada) Certification number: 140 8642 Load Number of the equipment: N/A NOTICE: The Industry Canada label identifies certified equipment. The certification means that the equipment meets certain telecommunications network protective operational and safety requirements.

  • Page 7: Table Of Contents

    Switch/CPU Card ........

  • Page 8: Table Of Contents

    Transfer ..........7-8 Mounting of Switch on Chassis ....... 7-9 Recommended Chassis .
  • Page 9 Removing the Power Unit....... . 10-6 Switch/CPU Card Installation....... . 10-7 Inserting the Switch/CPU Card.
  • Page 10 Preparation ......... . 10-26 Setting the New ATM Switch......10-26 Hardware Work.
  • Page 11 Table of Contents This page is for your notes. Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual NTP 297-8103-903...
  • Page 12 Table of Contents Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual NTP 297-8103-903...

  • Page 13: Precautions On Handling The Product

    The symbols and signals used on the labels supplied with the product have the following meanings. Be sure to understand them before using the product. Class 1: Uses (safe) laser. Keep the power cable disconnected when equipment is not in use. Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual NTP 297-8103-903...

  • Page 14: Safety Measures

    Condensation may occur inside the equipment when the temperature inside the equipment is low and the room temperature is high. Note that condensation may cause the equipment to fail. Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual NTP 297-8103-903...

  • Page 15: Operating The Equipment

    This equipment is normally used with its power on. No one other than the person in charge of the system should touch the power switch. When power is turned off, communications will be severed. In addition, all unsaved data settings will be lost.

  • Page 16: Handling Of Main Unit And Cables

    Do not bend the card or subject it to external shock. Destruction of saved data or a failure may result. Store the card away from heat, moisture, or direct sunlight. These elements may cause the card to deform or fail. Precautions on Handling the Product Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual NTP 297-8103-903...

  • Page 17: What Is The Centillion 1200N Switch

    What is the Centillion 1200N Switch? The Centillion 1200N is a compact desktop 2.5 Gbps ATM Switch. At the core is an input/output buffer switch that realizes a 2.5 Gbps nonblocking throughput. The ATM Switch can accommodate up to four lines of 622 Mbps interface conforming to the ATM Forum and ITU-T recommendations and up to 16 lines of 155 Mbps interface.
  • Page 18 ATM Forum. This ensures that network construction is made simple. Provides server function By installing a server card (option) in the line card slot, the ATM Switch can be used as a LAN emulation server or an ARP server. Total management of network...

  • Page 19: Outside View Of The Atm Switch

    What is the Centillion 1200N Switch? Outside View of the ATM Switch Figure 2-1 Switch has the following dimensions: 440 mm (17.3 in.) wide 410 mm (16.1 in.) deep 154 mm (6.1 in.) high (including rubber footing) Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual...

  • Page 20: Centillion 1200Nsample System Configuration

    ATM Switch. LAN-to-LAN Connection ATM Switch is used as the backbone network of a router (IP45) or a switching hub (ATM Switch 3) for interworking such LANs as Ethernet, Token Ring, and FDDI. In this case, the throughout is 2.5 Gbps.

  • Page 21: What Is Atm

    The number of lines accommodated can be increased by connecting a number of ATM Switch units. Line interface can be used to connect the ATM Switch units. An interface dedicated to connections between units is not necessary. When a number...
  • Page 22 What is ATM? What is the Centillion 1200N Switch? Figure 2-5 illustrates the ATM cell format. Figure 2-5: ATM Cell Format Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual NTP 297-8103-903...

  • Page 23: What Is A Server Card

    (Network Management System). Allows the installation of several server cards A number of server cards can be installed on a single ATM Switch. Consequently, this facilitates the scalable expansion of the server according to network size and enables the server to be operated in a redundant configuration.

  • Page 24: Lan Emulation

    Figure 2-6: LAN Emulation Protocol Stack Figure 2-7: LAN Emulation Frame Format What is the Centillion 1200N Switch? Figure 2-7 show the LAN emulation protocol stack between an ATM Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual...
  • Page 25 What is the Centillion 1200N Switch? The server card provides the three server functions below to realize LAN emulation. LES (LAN Emulation Server) LES provides the ARP (Address Resolution Protocol) function for solving an ATM address from a MAC address. There is one LES for each ELAN (Emulated LAN).

  • Page 26: Arp

    ARP server notifies the terminal of the ATM address corresponding to the received IP address. 2-10 What is the Centillion 1200N Switch? Figure 2-9 is the address resolution procedure using an ARP server. (The Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual...
  • Page 27 What is the Centillion 1200N Switch? The transmission terminal, after receiving the ATM address of the destination terminal from the ARP server, uses the ATM address to establish a direct SVC connection to the destination terminal. This SVC connection is used until the data communication to the destination terminal is completed.
  • Page 28 What is the Centillion 1200N Switch? This page is for your notes. 2-12 Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual NTP 297-8103-903...

  • Page 29: Nomenclature And Functions

    This is the basic component of the ATM Switch. It is capable of switching ATM cells at a maximum speed of 2.5 Gbps. It also controls the entire switch. The switch/ CPU card is installed on the bottom right-hand side of the front of the ATM Switch.
  • Page 30 LANE server and IPOA ARP server functions can be used by installing a server card in the line slot. LANE conforms to ATM Forum and IPOA to RFC1577. Figure 3-1: Front View of the ATM Switch (front mask removed) Nomenclature and Functions Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual NTP 297-8103-903...
  • Page 31 RESET Button This is used to reset the switch/CPU card. ALARM OUT An external device for notifying the user of a problem with the ATM Switch (e.g., speaker or alarm lamp) is connected to this connector. Power LED The POWER LED lights green when power is on and turns off when power is off.

  • Page 32: Back View

    Nomenclature of the ATM Switch Back View Power Switch This switch is used to turn the ATM Switch on and off. DC Power Connector This connector is used to connect the power cable. Power Unit Fastening Screw This screw is used to fasten the power unit to the main unit and ground the ground wire inside the main unit for safety.

  • Page 33: Description And Function Of Components

    ALARM Out This connector is used to connect an external device for notifying the occurrence of an irregular condition in the hardware (e.g., speaker or alarm notification lamp). Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual NTP 297-8103-903 Description and Function of Components...
  • Page 34 Mode (Long) Line Card RCV (red) INS (green) Status Lighted Line status normal Lighted Line error (reception error) Flashing Line error (transmission error) Hardware error Reception side connector Transmission side connector Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual Nomenclature and Functions NTP 297-8103-903...

  • Page 35: Line Cards

    Available for each line, these lamps indicate the status of that particular line. Rx/Tx These codes indicate the reception side and transmission side of the SC connectors. Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual NTP 297-8103-903 Description and Function of Components...

  • Page 36: Mbps Utp5 Line Card

    Figure 3-6: Front View of 155 Mbps UTP5 Line Card RCV (red) INS (green) Status Lighted Line status normal Lighted Line error (reception error) Flashing Line error (transmission error) Hardware error Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual Nomenclature and Functions NTP 297-8103-903...

  • Page 37: Mbps-J2 Line Card

    Available for each line, these lamps indicate the status of that particular line. Rx/Tx These codes indicate the reception side and transmission side of the BNC connectors. Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual NTP 297-8103-903 Description and Function of Components Figure 3-7: Front View of 6.3 Mbps-J2 Line Card...

  • Page 38: Ds3 Line Card And E3 Line Card

    Figure 3-8: Front View of DS3 and E3 Line Card RCV (red) INS (green) Status Lighted Line status normal Lighted Line error (reception error) Flashing Line error (transmission error) Hardware error Reception side connector Transmission side connector Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual Nomenclature and Functions NTP 297-8103-903...

  • Page 39: Power Unit

    When voltage of higher than the rating is output due to an error in the power unit. When the temperature rises abnormally inside the power unit. Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual NTP 297-8103-903 Description and Function of Components...

  • Page 40: Fan Unit

    Fan Unit Finger Guard Protects users from injury. Fastening Screws These screws are used to fasten the fan unit to the shell. 3-12 Nomenclature and Functions Figure 3-10: Outside View of Fan Unit Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual NTP 297-8103-903...

  • Page 41: Slot Numbers

    Slot numbers for each package of the ATM Switch are shown in Power Unit Slot When viewed from the front of the ATM Switch, slot #0 is to the left and slot #1 is to the right. Line Card Slot When viewed from the front of the ATM Switch, slot #0 - 3 are from bottom to top.

  • Page 42: Line Numbers

    Line Numbers Line numbers of the ATM Switch are as shown in Each line number of the ATM Switch is composed of two digits. The left-most digit indicates the line slot number and the last digit the position number. Regardless of how many line ports are on a line card, the position numbers are, from the left, #0, #1, #2, and #3.

  • Page 43: Hardware Specifications

    The ATM Switch identifies the destination ATM line using the cell header information in the ATM cell sent over the ATM line, then sends the cell. The ATM Switch has a switching capacity of 4 lines at 622 Mbps or, in throughput, 2.5 Gbps.

  • Page 44: Flow Of Atm Cells

    ATM cells to the line cards. In addition, the switch/CPU card is equipped with a CPU and has an interface with MAT or NMS to perform hardware control, path connection control, and protocol control.

  • Page 45: Hardware Configuration And Overview Of Functions

    Hardware Specifications Hardware Configuration and Overview of Functions The ATM switch accommodates up to 16 ATM lines per unit and performs nonblock switching of fixed-length data (53 bytes) called ATM cells. Shown below are the functional blocks that comprise the ATM Switch.
  • Page 46 Hardware Configuration and Overview of Functions CPU is a card whose software operates to control the entire ATM Switch, and is composed of a 64-bit RISC processor, main memory, flash memory, etc. Hardware Switch/ CPU card Block Description of Functions...

  • Page 47: Line Cards

    The line buffer converts into address number the data housed in the header of the ATM cell received from the line interface unit and sends the cell to the ATM switch. At the same time, the line buffer unit is equipped with an input buffer (IXB) that stores ATM cells according to the BP (back pressure) from the switch engine.
  • Page 48 While the line cards differ in a number of ways, such as the shape of connectors, they basically function in the same way. OC-12c OC-3c/STM-4 (single mode) OC-3c/STM1 (single mode/ multi-mode/UTP-5/COAX) TAXI 6.3M-J2 45M-DS3 34M-E3 1.5M-DS1 2M-E1 FR-DS1 CE-DS1 CE-E1 Hardware Specifications Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual NTP 297-8103-903...

  • Page 49: Functional Blocks

    Functional Blocks A functional description of each functional block in the line card is shown in the following table. Hardware Line card Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual NTP 297-8103-903 Hardware Configuration and Overview of Functions Block Description of Functions Conversion of physical media (e.g., E/O conversion, O/E conversion)

  • Page 50: Interworking Cards

    Hardware Configuration and Overview of Functions Interworking The FR card and the CE card installed in the ATM Switch are equipped with a function for interworking between ATM network and other types of networks. Cards The CE cards provide structured service and unstructured service in circuit emulation.

  • Page 51: Server Cards

    Shown below are the specifications of the server card: CPU R4650 Interface Redundancy configuration Redundant Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual NTP 297-8103-903 Hardware Configuration and Overview of Functions G356, G362, G702, G703, G704, G709, G823, G824 T1.102, T1.107A, T1.403, T1.408, T1.630, T1.627...
  • Page 52 Hardware Configuration and Overview of Functions Hardware Specifications This page is for your notes. 4-10 Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual NTP 297-8103-903...

  • Page 53: Software Specifications

    Software Specifications This section briefly describes the functions of the ATM Switch. As a core entity in an ATM network, the ATM Switch provides a variety of functions to sustain and operate the network most efficiently and at high quality.
  • Page 54 Virtual Circuit Connection) that is established by SVC procedure over several switches. The ATM Switch allows the user to register up to 64 Soft PVCs. To use the Soft PVC service, the remote side switch must be a NETNEX ATM Switch.

  • Page 55: Signaling Control

    Software Specifications Signaling Control SVC connections provided by the ATM Switch are prepared by a protocol called signaling that establishes and releases SVCs. The signaling protocol is used by the calling terminal to notify the network of the destination of the established SVC, communication band, and traffic quality.

  • Page 56: Routing

    ILMI Functions ILMI is a function for learning the configuration data of neighboring equipment when an end system is connected to a switch or when a switch is connected to another switch. The ILMI function includes a switch-terminal address registration function. This function is triggered by a trap.

  • Page 57: Pnni Functions

    Such information is exchanged periodically or whenever there is a change. The information is used by each switch to prepare a dynamic routing table between PNNIs that reflects network status in a timely fashion.

  • Page 58: Traffic Management

    This control is necessary to prevent deterioration to the quality of the communications of the user and other users in the network. The ATM Switch employs a six-stage parameter control using the dual leaky bucket method. shows how traffic is controlled and how each function fits into the...

  • Page 59: Congestion Control

    These delay priorities can be selected for each connection when establishing the connection. In the switch, a cell delay of no less than 40 µsec occurs depending on the degree of passing cell congestion and the degree of priority. The ATM Switch performs two classes of controls on cell loss. Cell loss priority control is performed in cell increments based on the CLP bit value in the header of each cell.

  • Page 60: Monitoring

    Monitoring Monitoring is a function that reads the cell counter of the hardware. It checks the total number of cells exchanged in the ATM Switch, the number of error cells, and the number of discarded cells, etc. When an overflow occurs (at 4 billion+ cells), the cell counter stops counting NOTE cells.

  • Page 61: Hardware Interface

    One is the User Network Interface (UNI) that connects an end system (a router, for example) to an ATM switch. The other is the Network Node Interface (NNI) that connects two ATM switches. These interfaces are further classified into public network interface and private network interface, depending on the type of the network they are connected to.

  • Page 62: Line Interface

    Line Interface Line Interface Provided below is an outline of the line interface specifications of the ATM Switch: SONET OC-12/SDH STM-4 Frame Format For public network UNI and private network UNI/NNI Physical layer: SONET PMD Optical fiber (single mode) Line coding: NRZ Data rate/line rate: 622.08 Mbps...
  • Page 63 Line coding: NRZ Data rate/line rate: 155.52 Mbps Cell rate: 155.52 × 260/270 = 149.76 Mbps Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual NTP 297-8103-903 27 0 B ytes A 1 A 1 A 2 A 2 A 2 C 1 C 1 C 1...
  • Page 64 Data rate: 100 Mbps Line rate: 125 Mbaud In 100M TAXI, there is no frame for existing STM. A field is established for NOTE aligning the cells. Figure 6-4: 100M TAXI Frame Format Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual Hardware Interface NTP 297-8103-903...
  • Page 65 Physical layer: TTC standard JT-G703-a Coaxial cable Line coding: NRZ Data rate/line rate: 6.312 Mbps Cell rate: 6.144 Mbps Cell alignment: HEC is used Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual NTP 297-8103-903 Figure 6-5: Secondary Speed Interface (6.3M) Frame Format Line Interface...
  • Page 66 Cell rate: 44.21 Mbps (Direct Mapping), 40.70 Mbps (PLCP) Figure 6-6 format. ITU-T G703 G804 I432 ANSI T1.102-1933 T1.107a-1990 T1.404-1994 T1.646-1995 Bellcore TR-NWT-001112 TR-NWT-000499 Figure 6-7 illustrate DS3 frame format and DS3 PLACP frame Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual Hardware Interface NTP 297-8103-903...
  • Page 67 Hardware Interface Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual NTP 297-8103-903 16-bit 84-bit X IN F O .P Y LD . F 1 IN F O .P Y LD . C IN F O .P Y LD . F 0 IN F O .P Y LD . F 1 IN F O .P Y LD . C IN F O .P Y LD .
  • Page 68 ITU-T G703 G751 G804 G832 I432 ETSI T/NA (91)18 59 octets FA 1 FA 2 53 0 octe ts pa yload Figure 6-8: G.832 E3 Frame Format Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual Hardware Interface 9 ro w s NTP 297-8103-903...
  • Page 69 Hardware Interface Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual NTP 297-8103-903 FA S : F ram e align m e nt sig nal R A I : A la rm indica tio n to the rem o te d igita l m ultiplex eq uipm e nt N .U : B it reserved for na tio nal use...
  • Page 70 Figure 6-11: ATM Cell Format Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual Hardware Interface LS B V C I(4) C L P...

  • Page 71: Installation

    Installation This section describes procedures for installing the ATM Switch. Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual NTP 297-8103-903 Check the contents of the package and move the ATM Move to installation site Switch to installation site or mount on optional chassis.

  • Page 72: Installation Conditions

    Installation Conditions Installation Conditions This section provides precautions on the installation area of the ATM Switch. Be sure to install the ATM Switch in an environment that meets the conditions described in this chapter. For more information, refer to on Page...

  • Page 73: Installation Space

    The air flows from the right to left as shown in Space To allow the ATM Switch to radiate heat, be sure to install it sufficiently away from walls and other equipment. Allow adequate distance away from areas prone to heavy foot traffic and from doors.
  • Page 74 Installation Conditions Chassis Space Requirements Cable Space Requirements Centillion Figure 7-4: Chassis Space Requirements Centillion Figure 7-5: Cable Space Requirements Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual Installation NTP 297-8103-903...

  • Page 75: Areas Suitable For Installation

    Areas that are isolated from shocks and vibration. Horizontal areas. Areas where there is little dust. Areas shielded from direct sunlight. Areas isolated from equipment generating strong magnetism (for example, television set, speakers). Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual NTP 297-8103-903 Installation Conditions...

  • Page 76: Checking The Package Contents And Preparation For Setting

    Make sure all the products are contained in the packages. Product lists are provided below. The ATM Switch main unit package The following parts are installed on the ATM Switch main unit. Types and quanti- NOTE ties differ depending on the system configuration.

  • Page 77: Tools And Equipment Necessary For Installation

    RS-232C cross cable This cable is used to interconnect the ATM Switch to a PC or workstation that supports serial communication software and can act as a VT100 terminal or a MAT. The null-modem cable has a D-SUB 9-pin male connector connected to...

  • Page 78: Transfer

    Checking the Package Contents and Preparation for Setting Transfer Once you have checked the contents of the packages, move the ATM Switch to the new installation site. Before moving the ATM Switch, though, make sure the installation area meets the conditions of the installation environment described above.

  • Page 79: Mounting Of Switch On Chassis

    Mounting of Switch on Chassis This section explains how to mount the ATM Switch on the chassis. The ATM Switch chassis is optional. Refer to the preceding section on “Installation Environmental Conditions” for the space necessary for chassis installation. Recommended...

  • Page 80: Installing The Chassis Brackets

    Mounting of Switch on Chassis Installing the Install chassis brackets on the left and right sides of the ATM Switch. The chassis brackets are designed to be installed on a 19-inch chassis whose depth Chassis Brackets is either 23.7 inches (600 mm) or 31.5 inches (800 mm), depending on which chassis is used.

  • Page 81: Atm Switch Installation

    Install the assembly of the ATM Switch and chassis brackets above the shelf installed on the chassis. Installation Securely fasten the ATM Switch to the chassis with the two screws to the left and right on the front of the chassis brackets. Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual...

  • Page 82: Connecting Communication Cables

    This section describes the various communication cables connected to the line cards installed in the ATM Switch and how to connect them. Types of The following types of communication cables are available for the ATM Switch: Communication Cables Physical Layer...

  • Page 83: Twisted Pair Cables

    Installation Unshielded Twisted Pair Cables The ATM Switch uses UTP (Unshielded Twisted Pair) category 5 cables for OC- 3c/STM1-UTP-5. The UTP-5 cables are connected with RJ-45 modular connectors. The pin assignment of the RJ-45 modular jacks conform to that of ATM Network Equipment of ATM Forum UNI standard Ver 3.1.

  • Page 84: Mat Connection

    MAT Connection Connect the MAT to the ATM Switch. Refer to page 9-3. Inserting PCMCIA Cards Insert a PCMCIA ATA card into the PCMCIA card slot in the front of the switch/ CPU card. 7-14 "Physical Connection of MAT" Figure 7-11: Inserting ATA Card...

  • Page 85: Turning Power On And Off

    Switch and the procedures for turning the power on and off. Connecting the Make sure the power unit fastening screw on the back of the ATM Switch is properly screwed. Connect the power cable to the power connector and the other Power Cable end of the cable to power supply, for example, the power outlet.

  • Page 86: Turning The Power On

    Procedures for turning on the ATM Switch's power are shown below. Power On Turn on the power switch on the back of the equipment by raising the switch up. If the power unit is redundant, turn on both power switches.

  • Page 87: Turning The Power Off

    Procedures for turning off the ATM Switch's power are shown below. Power Off Turn off the power switch on the back of the equipment. If the power unit is redundant, turn off both power switches. Confirm that the POWER LED and the READY LED in the lower right area of the front of the ATM Switch are off.

  • Page 88: Setting System Configuration Data

    This section describes the procedures for performing an operation test after the ATM Switch is installed. ATM Switch Alarms Check for the ATM Switch hardware errors by entering a command from the MAT. The following hardware operation tests should be performed: Switch/CPU card...

  • Page 89: Line Interface Test

    Installation Line Interface Test the line interface of the line cards installed in the ATM Switch by entering a command from the MAT. Test Enter the command for performing the line operation test. The command should be entered as follows:...
  • Page 90 Install near the connector a ferrite core so the cable makes a loop. (See Figure number 7-14.). RS-232C cable Do not use DS3, 6.3M interface cards. 7-20 Use a metal connector. Use a shielded cable. Securely fasten the metal connector to the main unit. Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual Installation NTP 297-8103-903...

  • Page 91: Basic Configuration And Setup

    This chapter explains the software setup and configuration of the ATM Switch. Hardware Installation and Connection Install and connect the hardware for the ATM Switch in the following order: Install line interface cards. Install blank line interface panels (if necessary).

  • Page 92: Setting Configuration Data

    ATM Switch, including all of the interfaces. Do one of the following: „ „ At this point, the operator is not logged into the privileged mode of the switch. NOTE Enter a question mark (?). The question mark (?) is a help request and can be entered at any point in a valid NOTE command.
  • Page 93 SET clock master Set the time and date of the switch. SET time [yy-mm-dd][hh:mm:ss] Set the local switch host name, ATM IP network address and netmask, and ATM network address. SET local [host name] [ATM IP network address] The ATM network IP address must be on a different IP network from the Ethernet NOTE port.

  • Page 94: Optional Commands

    Software Upgrading Optional Commands SET iproute - Configures an IP route within the switch, usually for remote hosts for network management, etc. Use this command when the network that you want to connect to is either connected to an ATM port or an Ethernet port. For more information, see the “SET iproute (Privileged Command)”...

  • Page 95: Ongoing Configuration

    DELETE ilmi [slot number][port number] [vpi number] This command deletes the ILMI PVC connection for the specified port. The default VPI/VCI of ILMI is 0/16. Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual NTP 297-8103-903 <dependent on card type> <dependent on card type>...
  • Page 96 This command displays all of the ports and their signaling parameters. Example: DELETE sig 23 0 Example: DELETE PNNI 23 0 Example: SET int 23 Example: SET ilmi 23 Example: SET sig 23 Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual Basic Configuration and Setup NTP 297-8103-903...
  • Page 97 Install the PNNI signaling VCI. (This step is only required if the interface will be a NNI port.) SET pnni [slot number][port number] [vpi number] Default=0 Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual NTP 297-8103-903 Example: SET pnni 23 Ongoing Configuration...

  • Page 98: Pvc Setup And Installation

    Specified Specified Specified [traffic type] [profile name[up to 10 Example: SET profile 4 PVC1 1412830 1 Example: SET shaper 02 1 1412830 1412830 1412830 Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual Basic Configuration and Setup Traffic Parameters PCR/CDPTp SCR/MBS/ CDVTs Specified...
  • Page 99 (Refer to the DISPLAY pvc command in the Command Manual.) Save the configuration. (optional) SAVE When changing the configuration, it is always a good idea to save the configura- NOTE tion. Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual NTP 297-8103-903 Ongoing Configuration...

  • Page 100: Setting Up Lan Emulation

    LAN Emulation Configuration Server (LECS), LAN Emulation Server (LES), and Broadcast/Unknown Server (BUS). All of these three servers are implemented in software within an 8550 switch interface card/or module which is not currently available for a product release.
  • Page 101 Connect cables as in the diagram above and power on all the equipment. Adjust the clock mode of the switch (#2) to SLAVE. The LES is set to provide a MASTER clock. Check the switch’s local information.
  • Page 102 (network|0 user|1)? (1-255,default=4)? (1-511,default=30)? (1-511,default=90)? (1-255,default=10)? (1-255,default=4)? (1-511,default=120)? (1-255,default=60)? (1-255,default=4)? (1-255,default=4)? (1-511,default=14)? (network|0 user|1)? (1-255,default=4)? (1-511,default=30)? (1-511,default=90)? (1-255,default=10)? (1-255,default=4)? (1-511,default=120)? (1-255,default=60)? (1-255,default=4)? (1-255,default=4)? (1-511,default=14)? svcline resume svcline resume Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual Set UNI 3.0 NTP 297-8103-903...
  • Page 103 For the PNNI interface port 00, set a PNNI connection. Use values, VPI=0 and VCI=18. Manually register an address of LECS to the switch. Upon an ILMI query of the LECS address from a prospective LE client, the switch will inform the LECS address registered with this command.

  • Page 104: Svc Tunneling

    SVC tunneling technique. 470079-11111111111111111111 Refer to Set up both LE clients and Switch 3 configurations except for switch interconnections. On Switch 1 and 2, set interface 00 to a NNI port. On Switch 2, set to User Side.

  • Page 105: Maintenance And Operations

    The ATM Switch is primarily maintained and operated using a dedicated terminal called MAT that is connected to the ATM Switch via RS-232C. Some of the functions may also be performed from an NMS connected via the ATM or Ether network.

  • Page 106: Mat And Nms

    MAT may be connected when necessary or left connected to the ATM Switch. However, note that the ATM Switch will not automatically display messages on MAT other than when power is turned on or the ATM Switch is reset. Also note that RS-232C cross cable for connecting the MAT and communication software is not supplied with the ATM Switch.

  • Page 107: Physical Connection Of Mat

    Physical In connecting the ATM Switch and MAT, use a RS-232C cross cable fitted on one end with a D-SUB 9 pin (male) connector for the ATM Switch and on the other end Connection of with a connector meeting the shape of the MAT side connector.
  • Page 108 7 S G 8 D C D 20 D T R P C -9 8 Figure 9-4: Connection with PC98 Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual Maintenance and Operations 1 (D C D ) 2 R xD 3 T xD...

  • Page 109: Connection

    Maintenance and Operations Connection The ATM Switch is equipped with a RS-232C connector on the front of the switch/ CPU card. The RS-232C cable may be inserted or removed whether or not power is supplied to the ATM Switch. Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual...

  • Page 110: Communications Software

    Setting the MAT Turn on the power switch of the MAT. Set the communications parameters of the MAT as follows. For instructions on setting the parameters, refer to the manual on the installed communications software.

  • Page 111: Nms

    Maintenance and Operations The ATM Switch may be operated and managed from personal computers and workstations called MATs as well as from the NMS that is connected to the ATM Switch via ATM or ether network. SNMP, the standard protocol for Internet hardware, is used over UDP/IP/SNAP/ LLC/AAL5 for communications between the NMS and the ATM Switch.

  • Page 112: Nms Interface (Via Atm)

    G W PAD Data addressed to CPU Figure 9-8: NMS Interface (via ATM) "Inserting PCMCIA Cards" on Page 7-14 Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual Maintenance and Operations AT M S w itch C P U for details on the...

  • Page 113: Periodic Maintenance

    Check with commands Diagnose the equipment In addition, when a fault is detected in the ATM Switch, take appropriate action. The user does not need to control the equipment once operation begins. The user merely needs to carefully read the Precautions on Handling the Product and the Handling Precautions in the following sections and provide an environment around the equipment so that the ATM Switch can function properly.

  • Page 114: Backing Up Configuration Data

    Setup the ATM-PVC workstation (TFTP server) to use a PVC. Set the IP routing information within the switch such that the switch can upload the configuration data to a host within a different sub network. Use the SET iproute command.

  • Page 115: Flash Memory Card

    Cosmetic Check Recommended monthly. Since alarm status is checked directly from the MAT or NMS on as “as needed” basis, a cosmetic check of the ATM Switch is simply performed as routine, periodic maintenance. Is the ALARM LED lighted? Is there irregular noise? Is there warp, etc., in the shell?

  • Page 116: Cleaning

    Do not let the cleaning cloth catch on a connector while cleaning. Do not use chemically-treated cloths as they may harm the paint. Do not place any foreign objects in the main unit. 9-12 Maintenance and Operations Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual NTP 297-8103-903...

  • Page 117: Modifications

    This section describes the procedures for moving the ATM Switch to another location. Turn off the power switch of the ATM Switch and remove the power cable. If the power unit is redundant, be sure to remove both cables. NOTE Remove the communication cable connector from the ATM Switch.
  • Page 118 Turn on the MAT's power switch and set the communication parameters. Refer Turn on the ATM Switch's power switch. Check the messages displayed on the MAT screen to make sure that the move did not cause a problem with the ATM Switch.

  • Page 119: General Precautions On Handling Packages

    This section provides the procedures for installing units and packages on the ATM Switch. Pay attention to the following precautions when handling packages. Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual NTP 297-8103-903 General Precautions on Handling Packages Figure 10-2: Precaution - Wear Clean Gloves...

  • Page 120: Power Unit Installation

    This section describes the procedures for installing the power unit. Inserting the Make sure the power switch of the power unit that is inserted is turned off. Power Unit Remove the front cover from the front of the main unit. Refer to the Front Cover"...
  • Page 121 Install power unit cover and securely fasten with the screws on both ends. Make sure the right side is up when installing the power unit cover. Install the front cover. Refer to Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual NTP 297-8103-903 Figure 10-6: Inserting the Power Unit "Installing the Front Cover"...

  • Page 122: Removing The Power Unit

    Power Unit Installation Removing the Turn off the power switch on the back of the main unit (if redundant, only the power switch of the power unit to be removed). Power Unit Remove the power cable from the connector and remove the fastening screws.

  • Page 123: Switch/Cpu Card Installation

    Clean the connector with cleaner before inserting the switch/CPU card. Switch/CPU Card Turn off the power switch on the back of the main unit. Turn off both switches if the power unit is redundant. Remove the front cover from the front of the main unit...

  • Page 124: Removing The Switch/Cpu Card

    Switch/CPU Card Remove the front coverf from the front of the main unit. Remove the two screws on the left and right ends of the front plate of the switch/ CPU card. Slowly remove the switch/CPU card with both hands.

  • Page 125: Line Card Installation

    Insert the line card all the way into the line card slot slowly and positively by running the card through the guide rails. As shown in Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual NTP 297-8103-903 Figure 10-10: Line Card Ejectors - Closed Position...
  • Page 126 Unless an idle line port is covered with a port cap, dust may get inside the port and cause a failure. 10-10 Figure 10-11: Inserting the Line Card deformed. Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual Modifications NTP 297-8103-903...

  • Page 127: Removing A Line Card

    Be sure to allow at least 3 seconds of interval when repeating line card removal or insertion. Failure may result if an adequate interval is not given. Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual NTP 297-8103-903 Figure 10-13: Line Card Ejectors - Open Position...

  • Page 128: Installing The Front Plate

    Remove the screws on the left and right of the front plate that are fixing the front plate in place. Front Plate Remove the front plate. 10-12 Figure 10-15: Inserting the Front Plate Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual Modifications NTP 297-8103-903...

  • Page 129: Installing The Fan Unit

    Make sure the fan unit is right side Tighten the screw on the top of the fan unit front plate to fix the fan unit in place. Install the front cover. Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual NTP 297-8103-903 Figure...

  • Page 130: Removing The Fan Unit

    A fan unit that is removed when the main unit is in operation will continue to rotate for a while. Be sure to keep fingers and foreign objects out of the finger guard. 10-14 Figure 10-17: Removing the Fan Unit Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual Modifications Figure 10-17, and NTP 297-8103-903...

  • Page 131: Installing The

    Removing the Remove the six screws of the front cover. Front Cover Remove the front cover slowly. Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual NTP 297-8103-903 Installing the Front Cover Figure 10-18: Installing the Front Cover Figure 10-19: Removing the Front Cover...

  • Page 132: Upgrading Software

    ATA cards are handled in the same manner as normal PCMCIA cards. Insert an ATA card into the PCMCIA card slot in the front of the switch/CPU card. Insert the card securely and all the way in, until the ejector button on the side of the slot pops out.
  • Page 133 After connecting the cable and relay connector to the LAN card, insert the LAN card into the PCMCIA card slot in the front of the switch/CPU card. Insert the card securely and all the way in, until the ejector button on the side of the slot pops out.

  • Page 134: Upgrading

    Upgrading Software Upgrading The following software upgrade mode settings are available for the ATM Switch. „ FLASH „ FLASH_UP „ FLASH_UP_SAVE „ INITIALIZE „ INITIALIZE_SAVE „ NETWORK NETWORK_SAVE „ Use the boot monitor to set the upgrade mode. The boot monitor is started by pressing ESC from the MAT while the booting message is displayed when the power is turned on or the unit is reset.
  • Page 135 Turn off the power of the ATM Switch. Replace the old ATA card with the new version ATA card. Turn on the power of the ATM Switch. Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual NTP 297-8103-903 Upgrading Software Figure 10-23: FLASH Mode...
  • Page 136 Insert the new version ATA card in PCMCIA slot #0 and the ATA card containing the office data you wish to continue to use in PCMCIA slot #1. Turn on the power of the ATM Switch and start the boot monitor. Set the boot mode as follows:...
  • Page 137 Insert the new version ATA card in PCMCIA slot #0 and the ATA card containing the office data you wish to continue to use in PCMCIA slot #1. Turn on the power of the ATM Switch and start the boot monitor. Set the boot mode as follows:...
  • Page 138 Turn off the power of the ATM Switch. Insert into PCMCIA slot #1 the LAN card connected to the Ether network. Turn on the power of the ATM Switch and start the boot monitor. Set the IP address of the ATM Switch BOOT# SET local ***.***.***.***...
  • Page 139 Insert into PCMCIA slot #0 the ATA card to which to save the software and into PCMCIA slot #1 the LAN card connected to the Ether network. Turn on the power of the ATM Switch and start the boot monitor. Set the IP address of the ATM Switch.
  • Page 140 PCMCIA slot #1 the LAN card connected to the Ether network. Turn on the power of the ATM Switch and start the boot monitor. Set the IP address of the ATM Switch. BOOT# SET local ***.***.***.*** Set the server's IP address and boot file name.

  • Page 141: Adding Line Cards

    Connect the RS-232C cross cable to the RS-232C connector on the front of the switch/CPU card in the lower right area of the front of the ATM Switch. Connect the other end of the RS-232C cross cable connected to the ATM Switch to the MAT.

  • Page 142: Adding Hardware

    Adding Hardware This section describes the procedures for increasing the number of input-output lines by connecting a number of ATM Switch units or an ATM Switch unit with other hardware. Although the number of lines accommodated can be increased by connecting a...

  • Page 143: Hardware Work

    Modifications Hardware Work When connecting two or more ATM Switch units or an ATM Switch unit with other hardware, it is necessary to synchronize the units by designating them as a master or slave. In addition, it is possible to set designated lines to transmit data according to the clock received by the line (loop time).
  • Page 144 Figure 10-31: Example of Adding Hardware (When Looptime is Setting Configuration Data To set the clock mode of the ATM Switch, refer to the SET clock command in the Command Manual. To set the loop time, refer the SET looptime command in the Command Manual.

  • Page 145: Troubleshooting

    If an alarm for the hardware or line interface alarm is detected, the ALARM LED on the ATM Switch will light up. If an external device is connected to the ALARM OUT connector, the device is also activated.

  • Page 146: Detection By Led

    The READY LED turns on when the equipment is operating properly and turns off when an error occurs. It also flashes during diagnosis. 11-2 Figure 11-1. Figure 11-1: ATM Switch LED Locations Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual Troubleshooting NTP 297-8103-903...
  • Page 147 In this case, the cause of the fault may be determined by the number of times the lamp flashes. RCV, INS (LEDs on line cards) Available for each line, these lamps indicate the status of that particular line. Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual NTP 297-8103-903 Flash Count Error...

  • Page 148: Detection By Diagnosis

    Power on reset „ Switch/CPU card reset „ Diagnosis command When the diagnosis is no good, the error information can be verified by executing the DISPLAY status or DISPLAY alarm commands. 11-4 Troubleshooting Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual NTP 297-8103-903...

  • Page 149: Troubleshooting Procedures

    Troubleshooting Troubleshooting Procedures When ALARM When the ALARM LED lights red while operating the ATM Switch, follow the instructions below: LED is Lighted (Hardware Error) Connect the MAT to the ATM Switch. (See on page Turn on the MAT's power and set its communication parameters. (See the MAT"...

  • Page 150: Alarm Error Numbers

    ES1 port A FIFO overflow 040106 ES1 port B FIFO overflow 060004 Header conversion table parity error ES0 diagnosis NG ES1 diagnosis NG SC diagnosis NG BF diagnosis NG DI diagnosis NG Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual Troubleshooting NTP 297-8103-903...
  • Page 151 Path Alarm Path Alarm Diagnosis NG Diagnosis NG Diagnosis NG Diagnosis NG Diagnosis NG Diagnosis NG Diagnosis NG Diagnosis NG Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual NTP 297-8103-903 Troubleshooting Procedures Part Nature of Error 000001 BUFF Illegal interruption 040001 BUFF...
  • Page 152 50 MHz clock interruption 020003 12.5 MHz clock interruption 020004 Input 8 KHz clock interruption 130001 TAC0 diagnosis NG 130101 TAC1 diagnosis NG 130201 TAC2 diagnosis NG 130301 TAC3 diagnosis NG Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual Troubleshooting NTP 297-8103-903...
  • Page 153 Path Alarm Path Alarm Path Alarm Path Alarm Path Alarm Diagnosis NG Diagnosis NG Diagnosis NG Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual NTP 297-8103-903 Troubleshooting Procedures Part Nature of Error 020001 TX UTOPIA level 2 parity error 020002 TX UTOPIA level 2 operation clock...

  • Page 154: When Rcv/Ins Is Lighted (Line Error)

    11-11.) Line status Hardware status GOOD normal GOOD normal Loss of Signal failure AIS_Path failure Loss of Pointer failure Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual Troubleshooting "Physical Connection of MAT" "Setting Loop back local local local normal normal NTP 297-8103-903...

  • Page 155: Error Messages

    Remote Alarm Indication Payload All One IDLE Yellow Alarm PLCP_Yellow PLCP_LOF PLCP_OOF Admin down Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual NTP 297-8103-903 Troubleshooting Procedures Meaning Functioning properly Signal interruption occurred Frame is out of sync Frame end can not be detected...

  • Page 156: Line Error Definition

    INS off, RCV on Loss of Cell Delineation INS off, RCV on Yellow Alarm INS flashing, RCV off PLCP_LOF INS off, RCV on PLCP_OOF INS off, RCV on PLCP_Yellow INS flashing, RCV off Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual Troubleshooting NTP 297-8103-903...

  • Page 157: Specifications And Standards

    Specifications and Standards Specifications The Centillion 1200N is a 2.5 Gbps Switch. Item Description Switch Switch Configuration „ Input-output buffer type Switch Capacity „ 2.5 Gbps = 622 Mbps × 4 (155 Mbps × 16) Buffer „ Input buffer: „...

  • Page 158: Traffic Control

    Cell delay priority control: 5 classes „ Traffic/Performance Monitoring „ Counts passing/error cells for each line. Item Description Specifications and Standards 8K connection (including multipoint PVC)/hardware 1K endpoint/hardware 1K connection (including multipoint SVC)/hardware 1K endpoint/hardware 2 classes Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual NTP 297-8103-903...
  • Page 159 1.5M Primary ‰ „ 1.5M DS1 ‰ „ 2M E1 ‰ 1.5M CE-DS1 „ ‰ Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual NTP 297-8103-903 SC connector 1 line/card SC connector 1 line/card SC connector 4 lines/card SC connector 1 line/card RJ connector...
  • Page 160 Maximum 6.0A (DC -48V) Operating Noise „ Less than 50dB Cooling Method „ Forced air cooling Environmental Conditions „ Operating temperature: „ Operating humidity: Specifications and Standards DC -40 to -58V 41~104°F (5~40°C) 10~80% Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual NTP 297-8103-903...
  • Page 161 EN61000-3, RFI 3V/m EN61000-4, Electrical Fast Transients, level 2 Power, Environmental Conditions IEC555-2, Power Factor Correction IEC555-3, AC Input Transients Audible noise IS07779 paragraph 7, max. 50dBA Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual NTP 297-8103-903 Standards - Operational (United States) (Canada) (Europe)
  • Page 162 Standards - Functional Standards - Functional The Centillion 1200N is a 2.5 Gbps Switch. It conforms to the standards and recommendations listed below: (ATM Forum “ATM User-Network Interface Specification” Version3.0/3.1/4.0.) ITU-T (formerly CCITT) Broadband G.703a G.707 G.708 G.709 G.782 G.783 G.804...

  • Page 163: Glossary

    ATM Adaptation Layer Type 3/4: AAL functions in support of variable bit rate, delay-tolerant data traffic requiring some sequencing and/or error detection support. Originally two AAL types, i.e. connection-oriented and connectionless, which have been combined. Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual NTP 297-8103-903...
  • Page 164 Alternating Current Act Change Active Cell Indication Acknowledgmen Address Complete Message: A BISUP call control message from the receiving exchange to sending exchange indicating the completion of address information. Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual NTP 297-8103-903...
  • Page 165 Address Resolution is the procedure by which a client associates a LAN destination with the ATM address of another client or the BUS. Adjacency The relationship between two communicating neighboring peer nodes. Administrative Domain A collection of managed entities grouped for administrative reasons. Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual NTP 297-8103-903...
  • Page 166 IA in computer software are called Expert or Knowledge Based systems. Signaling ID assigned by Exchange A. ATM Inverse Multiplexer: A term discontinued because of conflict with an established product. Refer to AIMUX. Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual NTP 297-8103-903...

  • Page 167: Alternate Routing

    Automatic Number Identification: A charge number parameter that is normally included in the Initial Address Message to the succeeding carrier for billing purposes. Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual NTP 297-8103-903...
  • Page 168 Source Route Bridging. Address Resolution Protocol: The procedures and messages in a communications protocol which determines which physical network address (MAC) corresponds to the IP address in the packet. Glossary Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual NTP 297-8103-903...
  • Page 169 Broadband ISDN(B-ISDN).Usable capacity is segmented into 53-byte fixed-size cells, consisting of header and information fields, allocated to services on demand. 1.Newton’s Telecom Dictionary Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual NTP 297-8103-903...
  • Page 170 ATM-entities). The communications over an ATM Layer connection may be either bidirectional or unidirectional. The same Virtual Channel Identifier (VCI) issued for both directions of a connection at an interface. Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual NTP 297-8103-903...
  • Page 171 1 or 0. Broadcast Channel Identifier. BCOB Broadband Connection Oriented Bearer: Information in the SETUP message that indicates the type of service requested by the calling user. 1.ACA Home Page. 7 January 2000 http://www.aca.gov.au/authority/aca.htm Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual NTP 297-8103-903...
  • Page 172 Signaling ID assigned by Exchange B. B-ICI B-ISDN Inter-Carrier Interface: An ATM Forum defined specification for the interface between public ATM networks to support user services across multiple public carriers. B-10 Glossary Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual NTP 297-8103-903...
  • Page 173 To do so, BN=1 is set, to indicate the cell is not source- generated, and DIR=1 to indicate the backward flow. Source generated RM-cells are initialized with BN=0. Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual NTP 297-8103-903 B-11...

  • Page 174: Broadband Access

    An ISDN access capable of supporting one or more broadband services. Broadcast Data transmission to all addresses or functions. Burst Tolerance: BT applies to ATM connections supporting VBR services and is the limit parameter of the GCRA. B-12 Glossary Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual NTP 297-8103-903...
  • Page 175 CBDS Connectionless Broadband Data Service: A connectionless service similar to Bellcore's SMDS defined by European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI). Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual NTP 297-8103-903 B-13...
  • Page 176 CTD) minus the fixed CTD that could be experienced by any delivered cell on a connection during the entire connection holding time. The parameter "a" is the probability of a cell arriving late. See CDVT. B-14 Glossary Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual NTP 297-8103-903...
  • Page 177 Constant Bit Rate (CBR) traffic over ATM networks that comply with the other ATM Forum interoperability agreements. Specifically, this specification supports emulation of existing TDM circuits over ATM networks. CFAD Cell Frame Assembly/Disassembly Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual NTP 297-8103-903 B-15...
  • Page 178 Comite International Special des Perturbations Radioelectriques Connectionless service: A service which allows the transfer of information among service subscribers without the need for end-to- end establishment procedures. Clock: Generates system clock B-16 Glossary Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual NTP 297-8103-903...
  • Page 179 Common Peer Group The lowest level peer group in which a set of nodes is represented. A node is represented in a peer group either directly or through one of its ancestors. Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual NTP 297-8103-903 B-17...
  • Page 180 Peer entities with a lower layer connection among them. Control Panel CPAD Character Packet Assembly/Disassembly CPCS Common Part Convergence Sublayer: The portion of the convergence sublayer of an AAL that remains the same regardless of the traffic type. B-18 Glossary Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual NTP 297-8103-903...
  • Page 181 This is the point where policing at the VCC or VPC level may occur. Missing RM-cell count: CRM limits the number of forward RM-cells which may be sent in the absence of received backward RM-cells. Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual NTP 297-8103-903 B-19...
  • Page 182 2 (e.g., the destination UNI) for a particular connection. The cell transfer delay between two measurement points is the sum of the total inter-ATM node transmission delay and the total ATM node processing delay. B-20 Glossary Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual NTP 297-8103-903...

  • Page 183: Data Connections

    Destination End Station: An ATM termination point which is the destination for ATM messages of a connection and is used as a reference point for ABR services. See SES. Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual NTP 297-8103-903 B-21...

  • Page 184: Dijkstra's Algorithm

    1.544 Mbps. This standard supports 24 simultaneous DS-0 signals. The term is often used interchangeably with T1 carrier although DS-1 signals may be exchanged over other transmission systems. B-22 Glossary Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual NTP 297-8103-903...
  • Page 185 PNNI peer group. DTL Originator The first switching system within the entire PNNI routing domain to build the initial DTL stack for a given connection. Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual NTP 297-8103-903 B-23...

  • Page 186: Edge Device

    A network element that is not in a congestion state or an impending congestion state will not modify the value of this indication. Impending congestion is the state when a network equipment is operating around its engineered capacity level. B-24 Glossary Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual NTP 297-8103-903...
  • Page 187 Element Management System: A management system that provides functions at the element Management Layer. End of Message: An indicator used in the AAL that identifies the last ATM cell containing information from a data packet that has been segmented. Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual NTP 297-8103-903 B-25...
  • Page 188 IP packet, leaving the rest intact.The last cell is preserved because it alerts the switch and the destination station of the beginning of a new packet.Because IP packets from cells have been discarded receive no acknowledgment from the source.
  • Page 189 Fairness As related to Generic Flow Control (GFC), fairness is defined as meeting all the agreed quality of service (QOS) requirements, by controlling the order of service for all active connections. Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual NTP 297-8103-903 B-27...
  • Page 190 PHY layer at the far end of the link. This is used to monitor bit error performance of the link. Forward Error Correction: A technique for detection and correction of errors in a digital data stream. B-28 Glossary Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual NTP 297-8103-903...
  • Page 191 An address that does not match any of a given node's summary addresses. Forwarding Description The resolved mapping of an MPOA Target to a set of parameters used to set up an ATM connection on which to forward packets. Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual NTP 297-8103-903 B-29...
  • Page 192 The UPC function may implement the GCRA, or one or more equivalent algorithms to enforce conformance. The GCRA is defined with two parameters: the Increment (I) and the Limit (L). B-30 Glossary Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual NTP 297-8103-903...
  • Page 193 E1 line except for the 64 kbps framing and maintenance channel. Host Apparent Address A set of internetwork layer addresses which a host will directly resolve to lower layer addresses. 1.IBM Dictionary of Computing Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual NTP 297-8103-903 B-31...

  • Page 194: Hello Packet

    Hop-by-Hop Route A route that is created by having each switch along the path use its own routing knowledge to determine the next hop of the route, with the expectation that all switches will choose consistent hops such that the call will reach the desired destination.
  • Page 195 However, only one station can use the cable at a time. A variety of physical medium dependent protocols are supported. 1.International Electrotechnical Commission Home Page 3 January 2000 http://www/iec.ch/gnote1-e.htm Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual NTP 297-8103-903 B-33...
  • Page 196 TCP/IP networking. IISP Interim Inter Switch Protocol: A call routing scheme used in STM networks. Formerly known as PNNI Phase 0. IISP is an interim technology meant to be used pending completion of ONNI Phase 1. IISP uses static routing tables established by the network administrator to route connections around link failures.
  • Page 197 "standard" configurations.ISDN BRI is a wonderful service in your home or office because it can give you video conferencing, and ultrafast data communications.But it is not an easy service to get up and running. Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual NTP 297-8103-903 B-35...
  • Page 198 B-ISDN Signaling ATM Adaptation Layer Overview. ITU Q.2110 B-ISDN Adaptation Layer -- Service Specific Connection Oriented Protocol. ITU Q.2130 B-ISDN Adaptation Layer -- Service Specific Connection Oriented Function for Support of Signaling at the UNI. B-36 Glossary Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual NTP 297-8103-903...
  • Page 199 Local Area Network: A short distance data communications network (typically within a building or campus) used to link together computers and peripheral devices (such as printers) under some form of standard control. Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual NTP 297-8103-903 B-37...
  • Page 200 LAN Emulation. Refer to LANE. Light Emitting Diode: A semiconductor diode that emits light when a current passes through it. LEDs are often used for alarm and power indication lights on equipment. B-38 Glossary Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual NTP 297-8103-903...
  • Page 201 LES ATM addresses. Light Emitting Diode: A semiconductor diode that emits light when a current passes through it. LEDs are often used for alarm and power indication lights on equipment. 1.Microsoft Computer Dictionary Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual NTP 297-8103-903 B-39...
  • Page 202 A link connection (e.g., at the VP-level) is a connection capable of transferring information transparently across a link without adding any overhead, such as cells for purposes for monitoring. It is delineated by connection points at the boundary of the subnetwork. B-40 Glossary Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual NTP 297-8103-903...
  • Page 203 PNNI routing hierarchy. Logical Link An abstract representation of the connectivity between two logical nodes. This includes individual physical links, individual virtual path connections, and parallel physical links and/or virtual path connections. Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual NTP 297-8103-903 B-41...
  • Page 204 Lower Tester: The representation in ISO/IEC 9646 of the means of providing, during test execution, indirect control and observation of the lower service boundary of the IUT using the underlying service provider. B-42 Glossary Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual NTP 297-8103-903...

  • Page 205: Mac Address

    (layer 2) that defines topology dependent access control protocols for IEEE LAN specifications. MAC Address The address for a device as it is identified at the Media Access Control layer in the network architecture. Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual NTP 297-8103-903 B-43...
  • Page 206 GCRA. MCDV Maximum Cell Delay Variance: This is the maximum two-point CDV objective across a link or node for the specified service category. B-44 Glossary Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual NTP 297-8103-903...
  • Page 207 An incarnation of a MIB object that applies to a specific part, piece, or aspect of the PNNI protocol's operation. MIB Object A collection of attributes that can be used to configure, manage, or analyze an aspect of the PNNI protocol's operation. Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual NTP 297-8103-903 B-45...
  • Page 208 MPOA Service Area The collection of server functions and their clients. A collection of physical devices consisting of an MPOA server plus the set of clients served by that server. B-46 Glossary Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual NTP 297-8103-903...
  • Page 209 A function within a layer that interleaves the information from multiple connections into one connection. Multipoint Access User access in which more than one terminal equipment (TE) is supported by a single network termination. Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual NTP 297-8103-903 B-47...
  • Page 210 Operation System Functions/Mediation Functions. An ATM NE may be realized as either a standalone device or a geographically distributed system. It cannot be further decomposed into managed elements in the context of a given management function. B-48 Glossary Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual NTP 297-8103-903...
  • Page 211 PNNI protocol. NM interacts with the PNNI protocol through the MIB. An ABR service parameter, Nrm is the maximum number of cells a source may send for each forward RM-cell. Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual NTP 297-8103-903 B-49...
  • Page 212 Nodal State Parameter Information that captures an aspect or property of a node. B-50 Glossary Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual NTP 297-8103-903...
  • Page 213 20 octets. ATM has specified E.164 for public network addressing and the NSAP address structure for private network addresses. Non-Source Routed: Frame forwarding through a mechanism other than Source Route Bridging. 1.Newton’s Telecom Dictionary Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual NTP 297-8103-903 B-51...
  • Page 214 Interface Developer's Guide, March 20, 1992. One Hop Set A set of hosts which are one hop apart in terms of internetwork protocols TTLs (TTL=0 -on the wire+). Out of Frame. Refer to LOF. B-52 Glossary Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual NTP 297-8103-903...
  • Page 215 A link to an outside node. Outside Node A node which is participating in PNNI routing, but which is not a member of a particular peer group. 1.ICell Relay Retreat. Indiana University 25 August 1996 http://cell-relay.indiana.edu/cell-relay/ Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual NTP 297-8103-903 B-53...
  • Page 216 Packet Assembler and Disassembler: A PAD assembles packets of asynchronous data and emits these buffers in a burst to a packet switch network. The PAD also disassembles packets from the network and emits the data to the non-packet device.
  • Page 217 Transport Stream to aid the decoder in the recovering and tracking the encoder clock. Peak Cell Rate: The Peak Cell Rate, in cells/sec, is the cell rate which the source may never exceed. Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual NTP 297-8103-903 B-55...
  • Page 218 Peer Group Identifier: A string of bits that is used to unambiguously identify a peer group. Peer Group Leader: A node which has been elected to perform some of the functions associated with a logical group node. B-56 Glossary Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual NTP 297-8103-903...
  • Page 219 Physical Layer Convergence Protocol: The PLCP is defined by the IEEE 802.6. It is used for DS3 transmission of ATM. ATM cells are encapsulated in a 125microsecond frame defined by the PLCP which is defined inside the DS3 M- frame. Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual NTP 297-8103-903 B-57...
  • Page 220 PNNI Routing Control Channel VCCs used for the exchange of PNNI routing protocol messages. PNNI Routing Domain A group of topologically contiguous systems which are running one instance of PNNI routing. B-58 Glossary Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual NTP 297-8103-903...
  • Page 221 ATM cells in a Classical IP over ATM packet. When congestion occurs and any one cell of a particular frame is dropped, PPD discards the rest of the cells (since the frame is errored and will need to be sent again anyway). Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual NTP 297-8103-903 B-59...
  • Page 222 Point-To-Multipoint: A main source to many destination connections. Presentation Time Stamp: A timestamp that is inserted by the MPEG-2 encoder into the packetized elementary stream to allow the decoder to synchronize different elementary streams (i.e. lip sync). B-60 Glossary Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual NTP 297-8103-903...
  • Page 223 Quality of Service: Quality of Service is defined on an end-to-end basis in terms of the following attributes of the end-to-end ATM connection: • Cell Loss Ratio • Cell Transfer Delay • Cell Delay Variation Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual NTP 297-8103-903 B-61...
  • Page 224 The FCC regulates the amount of RFI a computing device can leak past its shielding. A Class A device is sufficient for office use. A Class B is a more stringent classification for home equipment use. RICE RIsc Core Engine B-62 Glossary Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual NTP 297-8103-903...
  • Page 225 Root Node A node of a tree stucture that has no parent nodes. 1.IBM Dictionary of Computing Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual NTP 297-8103-903 B-63...
  • Page 226 Implementation Under Test (IUT) for testing one protocol layer. Test events are specified in terms of the abstract service primitives (ASP) and/or protocol data units at the lower tester PCO. 1.Newton’s Telecom Dictionary B-64 Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual Glossary NTP 297-8103-903...
  • Page 227 The PNNI Protocol Entity is restricted to only reading such read-write attributes. Read-write attributes are typically used to provide the ability for Network Management to configure, control, and manage a PNNI Protocol Entity's behavior. 1.Newton’s Telecom Dictionary Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual NTP 297-8103-903 B-65...
  • Page 228 Signaling ATM Adaptation Layer: This resides between the ATM layer and the Q.2931 function. The SAAL provides reliable transport of Q.2931 messages between Q.2931 entities (e.g., ATM switch and host) over the ATM layer; two sublayers: common part and service specific part.
  • Page 229 Switching Element: Switching Element refers to the device or network node which performs ATM switching functions based on the VPI or VPI/VCI pair. SEAL Simple and Efficient Adaptation Layer: An earlier name for AAL5. Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual NTP 297-8103-903 B-67...
  • Page 230 (I,L) used to define the negotiated traffic shape of a connection. Scientific or Industrial Organization SIPP SMDS Interface Protocol: Protocol where layer 2 is based on ATM, AAL and DQDB. Layer 1 is DS1 and DS3. B-68 Glossary Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual NTP 297-8103-903...
  • Page 231 Sequence Number: A 4 octet field in a Resource Management cell defined by the ITU-T in recommendation I.371 to sequence such cells. It is not used for ATM Forum ABR. An ATM switch will either preserve this field or set it in accordance with I.371.

  • Page 232: Spanning Tree Algorithm

    SONET Synchronous Payload Envelope. The SONET frame format is divided into two main areas: Synchronous Payload Envelope (SPE) and Transport Overhead (TOH). The SPE contains the information being transported by the frame. 1.Newton’s Telecom Dictionary B-70 Glossary Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual NTP 297-8103-903...

  • Page 233: Split System

    ITU-T Specification: Q.2110. SSCS Service Specific Convergence Sublayer: The portion of the convergence sublayer that is dependent upon the type of traffic that is being converted. Switch Specific Overhead Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual NTP 297-8103-903 B-71...
  • Page 234 (OC-'n x 3) by multiplexing "n" STM- 1 frames, (e.g., STM-4 at 622.08 Mbps and STM-16 at 2.488 Gbps, but treating the information fields as a single concatenated payload). B-72 Glossary Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual NTP 297-8103-903...
  • Page 235 Glossary Signaling Transfer Point: A high speed, reliable, special purpose packet switch for signaling messages in the SS7 network. Shielded Twisted Pair: A cable containing one or more twisted pair wires with each pair having a shield of foil wrap.
  • Page 236 (or session layer protocol of an application) Each element of the SAP vector is called a SAP Vector Element, or SVE. Each SVE consists of a tag, length, and value field. B-74 Glossary Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual NTP 297-8103-903...
  • Page 237 Switched Connection A connection established via signaling. Switching System A set of one or more systems that act together and appear as a single switch for the purposes of PNNI routing. Symmetric Connection A connection with the same bandwidth value specified for both directions.
  • Page 238 TCAP Transaction Capabilities Applications Part: A connectionless SS7 protocol for the exchange of information outside the context of a call or connection. It typically runs over SCCP and MTP 3. B-76 Glossary Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual NTP 297-8103-903...
  • Page 239 Terminal Equipment: Terminal equipment represents the endpoint of ATM connection(s) and termination of the various protocols within the connection(s). Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual NTP 297-8103-903 B-77...

  • Page 240: Tftp Server

    Test Management Protocol: A protocol which is used in the test coordination procedures for a particular test suite. Transit Network Selection: A signaling element that identifies a public carrier to which a connection setup should be routed. B-78 Glossary Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual NTP 297-8103-903...
  • Page 241 TPCC Third Party Call Control: A connection setup and management function that is executed from a third party that is not involved in the data flow. Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual NTP 297-8103-903 B-79...
  • Page 242 Trap A function performed by switch software to catch or trap errors, changes, failures, or problems with the switch software or hardware. The trap information is sent to a network management station. An ABR service parameter that provides an upper bound on the time between forward RM-cells for an active source.
  • Page 243 A UL label on a product has a very specific message. It says the product conforms to the safety standards UL has developed, nothing more. It does not affirm that the product will work. Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual NTP 297-8103-903 B-81...
  • Page 244 ATM Layer service. User-Network Interface: An interface point between ATM end users and a private ATM switch, or between a private ATM switch and the public carrier ATM network; defined by physical and protocol specifications per ATM Forum UNI documents.
  • Page 245 ATM cell header that identifies a virtual channel, over which the cell is to travel. Virtual Channel Link: A means of unidirectional transport of ATM cells between the point where a VCI value is assigned and the point where that value is translated or removed. Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual NTP 297-8103-903 B-83...
  • Page 246 300 manufacturers of VMEbus products worldwide. Virtual Path: A unidirectional logical association or bundle of VCs. Virtual Path Connection: A concatenation of VPLs between Virtual Path Terminators (VPTs). VPCs are unidirectional. 1.Newton’s Telecom Dictionary B-84 Glossary Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual NTP 297-8103-903...
  • Page 247 Wide Area Network: A network which spans a large geographic area relative to office and campus environment of LAN (Local Area Network). WAN is characterized by having much greater transfer delays due to laws of physics. Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual NTP 297-8103-903 B-85...
  • Page 248 ACR associated with Xrm. It is a power of two in range: [0, 1]. An ABR service parameter, Xrm limits the number of forward RM-cells which may be sent in the absence of received backward RM-cells. The range is 0-255. B-86 Glossary Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual NTP 297-8103-903...

  • Page 249: Switch Configuration

    Worksheets 2.5 Gbps Switch Configuration Worksheet The Centillion 1200N is a 2.5 Gbps Switch. Each ATM switch has unique and definitive configuration requirements that must be met prior to activation. Items such as Hostname, IP Address, and ATM address are required for each switch.

  • Page 250: Slot Configuration

    Peer Group Leader Priority (0-255) Configuration (if applicable) Host Name Interface Type (OC-12, OC-3, TAXI, DS-3, etc.) Hierarchy Level 1 IP Address/Subnet Mask Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual Worksheets Serial # Hierarchy Hierarchy Level 2 Level 3 MIB Access (Public or Read-only or...

  • Page 251: Port Configuration Worksheet

    ILMI (Y/N) ILMI Address Registration (Y/N) ELAN Name (if applicable) PNNI or IISP (if applicable) Possible Clock Source? (Y/N) Internal or External Reachable Address Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual NTP 297-8103-903 Port Configuration Worksheet Port 00 Port 01 Port 02...
  • Page 252 ILMI Address Registration (Y/N) ELAN Name (if applicable) PNNI or IISP (if applicable) Internal or External Reachable Address Port 20 Port 21 Port 22 Port 30 Port 31 Port 32 Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual Worksheets Port 23 Port 33 NTP 297-8103-903...
  • Page 253 Worksheets Port Configuration Worksheet ELAN Configurations ELAN Name LECS Address LES Address # of Clients Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual NTP 297-8103-903...
  • Page 254 PVC Configuration Worksheet PVC Configuration Worksheet Profile Configurations Profile Name Shaper Configurations Port Shaper Number (1-8) Traffic Type Traffic Type Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual Worksheets NTP 297-8103-903...
  • Page 255 Worksheets Configurations Bi or Profile Name Direc- Input tional Port Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual NTP 297-8103-903 Input Input Output Output Port PVC Configuration Worksheet Early Packet Mode Output Discard (Y/N) - (Y/N) (1-5)
  • Page 256 PVC Configuration Worksheet Worksheets This page is for your notes. Centillion 1200N ATM Switch User Manual NTP 297-8103-903...

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