Yamaha 20D Owner's Manual
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Yamaha 20D Owner's Manual

Yamaha 20D Owner's Manual

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20D
25N
OWNER'S MANUAL
6L3-28199-78-E0

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  • Page 1 OWNER’S MANUAL 6L3-28199-78-E0...
  • Page 2 EMU25050 Read this owner’s manual carefully before operating your outboard motor.

  • Page 3: Important Manual Information

    Yamaha. If you have any question about the also be voided. operation or maintenance of your outboard Some countries have laws or regulations re- motor, please consult a Yamaha dealer.

  • Page 4: Table Of Contents

    Table of contents General information ......1 Top cowling lock lever(s) (turn type) ..........14 Identification numbers record..1 2-pin connector ....... 14 Outboard motor serial number ..1 Battery charging information ... 15 Key number........1 Warning indicator ......15 EC label...........
  • Page 5 Table of contents Tilting up and down ....... 35 Checking top cowling ...... 55 Procedure for tilting up ....35 Coating the boat bottom ....55 Procedure for tilting down (manual Trouble Recovery......56 tilt models) ........36 Troubleshooting ......56 Cruising in shallow water ....

  • Page 6: General Information

    Record your outboard motor serial number in the spaces provided to assist you in ordering spare parts from your Yamaha dealer or for reference in case your outboard motor is sto- len. 1. Key number...

  • Page 7: Safety Information

    General information is a good idea to wear a PFD whenever boating. At a minimum, children and non- swimmers should always wear PFDs, and everyone should wear PFDs when there are potentially hazardous boating condi- tions. Gasoline is highly flammable, and its va- pors are flammable and explosive.

  • Page 8: Important Labels

    Never illegally discard (dump) the product. Keep hands, hair, and clothes away Yamaha recommends consulting the deal- from flywheel and other rotating parts er on discarding the product. while engine is running.

  • Page 9: Gasoline

    18 volts or YAMALUBE 2-stroke outboard motor higher with the above models. Consult your Yamaha dealer for details on installing an optional Rectifier Regulator. If the recommended engine oil is not avail- able, another 2-stroke engine oil with an...

  • Page 10: Propeller Selection

    1. Propeller diameter in inches Yamaha outboard motors are fitted with pro- 2. Propeller pitch in inches pellers chosen to perform well over a range 3. Type of propeller (propeller mark)
  • Page 11 General information ZMU01713 1. Start-in-gear protection label...

  • Page 12: Basic Components

    Basic components EMU25795 Main components NOTE: * May not be exactly as shown; also may not be included as standard equipment on all mod- els. 20D, 25N ZMU03686 1. Manual starter handle* 14. Anti-cavitation plate 2. Choke knob 15. Clamp bracket 3.

  • Page 13: Fuel Joint

    Basic components its dedicated fuel reservoir and must not es are mounted on the remote control box. be used as a fuel storage container. Com- mercial users should conform to relevant licensing or approval authority regula- tions. 1. Remote control lever 2.

  • Page 14: Neutral Interlock Trigger

    Basic components 5. Fully closed 6. Throttle 7. Fully open EMU26201 Neutral interlock trigger To shift out of neutral, first pull the neutral in- terlock trigger up. 1. Fully open 2. Fully closed EMU26221 Choke switch To activate the choke system, press in the main switch while the key is turned to the “...

  • Page 15: Gear Shift Lever

    Basic components ZMU02846 ZMU02848 EMU25961 EMU25922 Throttle indicator Gear shift lever The fuel consumption curve on the throttle Pulling the gear shift lever towards you puts indicator shows the relative amount of fuel the engine in forward gear so that the boat consumed for each throttle position.

  • Page 16: Engine Stop Lanyard Switch

    Basic components there is too much resistance, it could be your arm or leg while operating. difficult to move throttle lever or grip, Do not attach the lanyard to clothing which could result in an accident. that could tear loose. Do not route the lanyard where it could become entan- gled, preventing it from functioning.

  • Page 17: Engine Stop Button

    Basic components EMU26001 Engine stop button To open the ignition circuit and stop the en- gine, push this button. EMU26090 Main switch The main switch controls the ignition system; ZMU03690 its operation is described below. “ ” (off) EMU26011 Choke knob for pull type With the main switch in the “...

  • Page 18: Trim Tab With Anode

    Basic components set according to operator preference. An ad- (starboard side), turn the trim tab end to the justing screw or bolt is located on the swivel starboard side “B” in the figure. bracket. ECM00840 CAUTION: The trim tab also serves as an anode to protect the engine from electrochemical corrosion.

  • Page 19: Tilt Lock Mechanism

    Basic components ZMU03694 ZMU03699 EMU30530 EMU26372 Tilt lock mechanism Top cowling lock lever(s) (turn type) The tilt lock mechanism is used to prevent To remove the engine top cowling, turn the the outboard motor from lifting out of the wa- lock lever(s) and lift off the cowling.

  • Page 20: Battery Charging Information

    Do not continue to operate the engine if a ECM01000 CAUTION: warning device has activated. Consult your Yamaha dealer if the problem can- Do not connect the 2-pin connector di- not be located and corrected. rectly to the battery terminals. Otherwise the electric system will be damaged.

  • Page 21: Oil Level Warning And Oil Filter

    Basic components If the oil level falls below the lower limit, the warning system will activate. Activation of warning device Engine speed will automatically decrease to about 2000 r/min. The oil level warning indicator will light. ZMU03706 The buzzer will sound (if equipped on the tiller handle, remote control box, or main switch panel).
  • Page 22 Basic components ZMU03707 1. Oil filter...

  • Page 23: Operation

    Operation EMU26901 specific boat and motor combination. Installation EWM00830 ECM00110 WARNING CAUTION: Improper mounting of the outboard mo- Incorrect engine height or obstructions tor could result in hazardous conditions to smooth water flow (such as the design such as poor handling, loss of control, or or condition of the boat, or accessories fire hazards.

  • Page 24: Clamping The Outboard Motor

    Other- termine the optimum mounting height. wise the engine could be completely lost Consult your Yamaha dealer or boat man- if it accidentally falls off the transom. ufacturer for further information on deter- mining the proper mounting height.

  • Page 25: Breaking In Engine

    Operation board (if packed). For details, consult EMU27060 Gasoline and engine oil mixing chart your Yamaha dealer. (50:1) EWM00650 WARNING Avoid using bolts, nuts or washers other than those contained in the engine pack- aging. If used, they must be of at least the same quality of material and strength and must be tightened securely.

  • Page 26: Preoperation Checks

    Check fuel line connections to be sure they Keep hands, hair, and clothes away are tight (if equipped Yamaha fuel tank or from the flywheel and other rotating boat tank). parts while the engine is running.

  • Page 27: Filling Fuel And Engine Oil

    Do not add gasoline into the oil tank. Fire storage. Otherwise engine seizure could or explosion could result. occur. This engine uses the Yamaha oil injection EMU27233 Filling fuel and engine oil system, which provides superior lubrication by ensuring the proper oil ratio for all operat-...
  • Page 28 Operation 2. Oil tank filler cap Remove the top cowling. Open the oil tank filler cap by pulling the tab. Slowly fill the engine oil into the engine oil tank. After filling, replace the cap securely.

  • Page 29: Oil Level Indicator Operation

    Operation EMU27321 Oil level indicator operation The various functions of the oil level system are as follows: EMU27332 Oil level warning indicator Engine oil tank Remarks more than 200 cm No refilling necessary. (0.21 US qt, 0.181 Imp qt) Buzzer sounds in remote control box and engine speed is limited to about 2000...

  • Page 30: Starting Engine

    Operation EMU27490 Starting engine EMU27505 Manual start models (tiller control) Place the gear shift lever in neutral. ZMU03712 ZMU03714 NOTE: The start-in-gear protection device prevents the engine from starting except when in neu- tral. ZMU02024 Attach the engine stop switch lanyard to a secure place on your clothing, or your If a steering friction adjuster is provided arm or leg.
  • Page 31 Operation the engine will run poorly or stall. Pull the manual starter handle slowly un- til you feel resistance. Then give a strong pull straight out to crank and start the engine. Repeat if necessary. ZMU03744 Place the throttle grip in the “ ”...
  • Page 32 Operation amount and try to start the engine again. If the engine still fails to start, see page 56. EMU27632 Manual start models (remote control) Place the remote control lever in neutral. ZMU03088 Open the throttle slightly without shifting using the neutral throttle lever. You may need to change the throttle opening slightly depending on engine tempera- ZMU03087...
  • Page 33 Operation small amount and try again. Also if the en- gine is warm and fails to start, open the throttle a small amount and try to start the engine again. If the engine still fails to start, see page 56. EMU27642 Electric start / remote control models Place the remote control lever in neutral.
  • Page 34 Operation power, the boat could slow rapidly. This could cause people and objects in the boat to be thrown forward. ZMU02314 NOTE: On remote controls equipped with a neu- tral throttle lever, a good starting point is to lift the lever just until you feel resistance, Turn the main switch to “...

  • Page 35: Warming Up Engine

    ZMU03753 the lower case or the cooling water pilot hole is blocked. Consult your Yamaha Immediately after the engine starts, re- dealer if the problem cannot be located lease the main switch and allow it to re- and corrected.

  • Page 36: Forward (Tiller Handle And Remote Control Models)

    Operation EMU27763 Forward (tiller handle and remote control models) Tiller control models Place the throttle grip in the fully closed position. EMU27795 Reverse (manual tilt and hydro tilt models) EWM00190 WARNING ZMU02030 When operating in reverse, go slowly. Do not open the throttle more than half. Oth- Move the gear shift lever quickly and erwise the boat could become unstable, firmly from neutral to forward.

  • Page 37: Stopping Engine

    Operation ZMU03719 EMU27820 Move the gear shift lever quickly and Stopping engine firmly from neutral to reverse. Before stopping the engine, first let it cool off for a few minutes at idle or low speed. Stop- ping the engine immediately after operating at high speed is not recommended.

  • Page 38: Trimming Outboard Motor

    Operation the fuel line if there is a fuel joint on the also affected by variables such as the load in outboard motor. the boat, sea conditions, and running speed. EWM00740 WARNING Excessive trim for the operating condi- tions (either trim up or trim down) can cause boat instability and can make steering the boat more difficult.

  • Page 39: Adjusting Boat Trim

    Operation Remove the trim rod from the clamp EMU27911 Adjusting boat trim bracket while slightly tilting the outboard When the boat is on plane, a bow-up attitude motor up. results in less drag, greater stability and effi- ciency. This is generally when the keel line of the boat is up about 3 to 5 degrees.

  • Page 40: Tilting Up And Down

    Operation salt corrosion. EWM00220 WARNING Be sure all people are clear of the out- board motor when tilting up and down, also be careful not to pinch any body parts between the drive unit and engine bracket. EWM00250 WARNING Bow Down Leaking fuel is a fire hazard.

  • Page 41: Procedure For Tilting Down (Manual Tilt Models)

    Operation EMU28022 Procedure for tilting down (manual tilt models) Place the tilt lock lever in the release/ down position or return the shallow wa- ter lever to its original position. Disconnect the fuel line if a fuel joint is provided on the outboard motor. ZMU03747 ZMU03725 Place the tilt lock lever in the release po-...
  • Page 42 Operation speed when using the shallow water cruising system. The tilt lock mecha- nism does not work while the shallow water cruising system is being used. Hitting an underwater obstacle could cause the outboard motor to lift out of the water, resulting in loss of control. Do not rotate the outboard motor 180°...

  • Page 43: Cruising In Other Conditions

    NOTE: For cooling system flushing instructions, see page 40. Cruising in turbid water Yamaha strongly recommends that you use the optional chromium-plated water pump kit (not available for some models) if you use the outboard motor in turbid (muddy) water ZMU03729 conditions.

  • Page 44: Maintenance

    Maintenance EMU28217 2-stroke L Specifications Displacement: Dimension: 395.0 cm (24.10 cu.in) Bore × stroke: Overall length: 67.0 × 56.0 mm (2.64 × 2.20 in) 20DMHO 936 mm (36.9 in) 20DWO 615 mm (24.2 in) Ignition system: 25NMHO 936 mm (36.9 in) Overall width: Spark plug with resistor (NGK): 20DMHO 358 mm (14.1 in)

  • Page 45: Transporting And Storing Outboard Motor

    35.0 Nm (25.8 ft-lb) (3.57 kgf-m) sition using a motor support device such as EMU28222 a transom saver bar. Consult your Yamaha Transporting and storing dealer for further details. outboard motor...

  • Page 46: Storing Outboard Motor

    EMU30272 tank. Fill the tank with fresh water to Storing outboard motor above the level of the anti-cavitation When storing your Yamaha outboard motor plate. for prolonged periods of time (2 months or longer), several important procedures must be performed to prevent excessive damage.

  • Page 47: Lubrication (Oil Injection Models)

    Run the engine at a fast idle for a few seal. Seal replacement should be per- minutes in neutral position. formed by an authorized Yamaha dealer Just prior to turning off the engine, quick- prior to use. ly spray “Fogging Oil” alternately into Grease all grease fittings.

  • Page 48: Cleaning The Outboard Motor

    If you or the owner is not famil- Once a month, check the specific gravity iar with machine servicing, this work of the electrolyte and recharge as re- should be done by your Yamaha dealer or quired to prolong battery life. other qualified mechanic. EMU28450...

  • Page 49: Maintenance Chart

    When operating in salt water, turbid or muddy water, the engine should be flushed with clean water after each use. The “ ” symbol indicates the check-ups which you may carry out yourself. The “ ” symbol indicates work to be carried out by your Yamaha dealer. Initial Every 50 hours Item...
  • Page 50 Maintenance Initial Every 50 hours Item Actions 10 hours hours (6 hours (1 (1 month) months) months) year) Cleaning / adjustment / Spark plug(s) replacement...

  • Page 51: Greasing

    Maintenance EMU28940 Greasing Yamaha grease A (water resistant grease) Yamaha grease D (corrosion resistant grease; for propeller shaft) 20D, 25N ZMU03734 damaged insulator could allow external EMU28952 Cleaning and adjusting spark plug sparks, which could lead to explosion or EWM00560 fire.

  • Page 52: Checking Fuel System

    Improper repairs can make the outboard unsafe to operate. Check the fuel lines for leaks, crack, or mal- function. If a problem is found, your Yamaha dealer or other qualified mechanic should re- 1. Spark plug gap pair it immediately.

  • Page 53: Inspecting Fuel Filter

    If any water is found in the doing this procedure, consult your Yamaha dealer. fuel, the Yamaha portable fuel tank or other fuel tanks should be checked and Do not perform this procedure on a hot or running engine. Allow the engine to cleaned.

  • Page 54: Inspecting Idling Speed

    If you have difficulty ver- ifying the idle speed, or the idle speed re- EMU29120 Exhaust leakage quires adjustment, consult a Yamaha dealer Start the engine and check that no exhaust or other qualified mechanic. leaks from the joints between the exhaust...

  • Page 55: Water Leakage

    Maintenance cover, cylinder head, and body cylinder. EMU29130 Water leakage Start the engine and check that no water leaks from the joints between the exhaust cover, cylinder head, and body cylinder. EMU29171 Checking propeller EWM00321 WARNING ZMU01897 You could be seriously injured if the en- Checkpoints gine accidentally starts when you are Check each of the propeller blades for...

  • Page 56: Removing The Propeller

    Severe injury could the propeller could come off during op- occur if the outboard motor accidental- eration and be lost. ly falls. Apply Yamaha marine grease or a cor- Tilt the outboard motor so that the gear...

  • Page 57: Cleaning Fuel Tank

    Keep away from sparks, cigarettes, NOTE: flames, or other sources of ignition For disposal of used oil consult your Yamaha when cleaning the fuel tank. dealer. Remove the fuel tank from the boat be- fore cleaning it.

  • Page 58: Inspecting And Replacing Anode(S)

    Dispose of old gasoline according to lo- Inspect ground leads attached to external cal regulations. anodes on equipped models. Consult a Yamaha dealer for inspection and replace- Empty the fuel tank into an approved ment of internal anodes attached to the pow- container.

  • Page 59: Connecting The Battery

    (for example: welding charge the battery when it is low. equipment, lighted cigarettes, and so NOTE: on.) Consult a Yamaha dealer when charging or DO NOT SMOKE when charging or han- re-charging batteries. dling batteries. EMU29331 KEEP BATTERIES AND ELECTROLYTIC Connecting the battery FLUID OUT OF REACH OF CHILDREN.

  • Page 60: Disconnecting The Battery

    EMU29390 Checking top cowling Check the fitting of the top cowling by push- ing it with both hands. If it is loose have it re- paired by your Yamaha dealer. ZMU04677 EMU29400 Coating the boat bottom A clean hull improves boat performance. The boat bottom should be kept as clean of ma- rine growth as possible.

  • Page 61: Trouble Recovery

    Q. Has fuel pump malfunctioned? If your outboard motor requires repair, bring A. Have serviced by a Yamaha dealer. it to your Yamaha dealer. If the engine trouble warning indicator is Q. Are spark plug(s) fouled or of incorrect flashing, consult your Yamaha dealer.
  • Page 62 Q. Is fuel contaminated or stale? A. Fill tank with clean, fresh fuel. Q. Is carburetor clogged? A. Have serviced by a Yamaha dealer. Q. Is fuel filter clogged? A. Clean or replace filter. Q. Is fuel joint connection incorrect? A.
  • Page 63 Trouble Recovery A. Have serviced by a Yamaha dealer. Q. Are weeds or other foreign matter tangled on gear housing? Q. Is load on boat improperly distributed? A. Remove foreign matter and clean lower A. Distribute load to place boat on an even unit.

  • Page 64: Temporary Action In Emergency

    EWM00630 Q. Is steering pivot loose or damaged? WARNING A. Tighten or have serviced by a Yamaha Be sure to use the specified fuse. An in- dealer. correct fuse or a piece of wire could allow EMU29432 excessive current flow.

  • Page 65: Starter Will Not Operate

    Use the emergency starter rope NOTE: only as instructed. Do not touch the fly- Consult your Yamaha dealer if the new fuse wheel or other moving parts when the immediately blows again. engine is running. Do not install the...
  • Page 66 Trouble Recovery ZMU03740 ZMU02334 1. Start-in-gear protection cable Remove the starter/flywheel cover after ON START removing the bolt(s). ZMU01906 If equipped the choke knob, pull out it when the engine is cold. After the engine starts, gradually return the choke knob ZMU03741 to its home position as the engine warms Prepare the engine for starting.

  • Page 67: Treatment Of Submerged Motor

    Treatment of submerged motor the carburetor(s) and spark plug holes If the outboard motor is submerged, immedi- while cranking with the manual starter or ately take it to a Yamaha dealer. Otherwise emergency starter rope. some corrosion may begin almost immedi- ately.
  • Page 68 YAMAHA MOTOR CO., LTD. Printed in Japan April 2005–0.2 × 1 ! Printed on recycled paper...

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