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50
C
4: U
HAPTER
SING
How STP Works
STP Requirements
R
F
ESILIENCE
EATURES
If a link failure is detected, as shown in
reconfigures the network so that traffic from LAN segment 2 flows
through Bridge B.
Figure 11 Traffic flowing through Bridge B
STP determines which is the most efficient path between each bridged
segment and a specifically assigned reference point on the network. Once
the most efficient path has been determined, all other paths are blocked.
Therefore, in
Figure
that the path through Bridge C was the most efficient, and so blocked
the path through Bridge B. After the failure of Bridge C, STP re-evaluated
the situation and opened the path through Bridge B.
When enabled, STP determines the most appropriate path for traffic
through a network. It does this as outlined in the sections below.
Before it can configure the network, the STP system requires:
Communication between all the bridges. This communication is
carried out using Bridge Protocol Data Units (BPDUs), which are
transmitted in packets with a known multicast address.
Each bridge to have a Bridge Identifier. This specifies which bridge acts
as the central reference point, or Root Bridge, for the STP system —
the lower the Bridge Identifier, the more likely the bridge is to become
the Root Bridge. The Bridge Identifier is calculated using the MAC
address of the bridge and a priority defined for the bridge. The default
priority of your Switch is 32768.
Figure
9,
Figure
10, and
Figure
11, the STP process
11, STP initially determined
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