Page 1 Agilent 34401A 6 ½ Digit Multimeter User’s Guide Agilent Technologies...
Page 2: Restricted Rights Legend
Notices © Agilent Technologies, Inc. 1991 - 2007 No part of this manual may be reproduced in any form or by any means (including elec- tronic storage and retrieval or translation into a foreign language) without prior agree- ment and written consent from Agilent Technologies, Inc.
Page 3: Safety Information
Cleaning Clean the outside of the instrument with a soft, lint-free, slightly dampened cloth. Do not use detergent or chemical solvents. 34401A User’s Guide Safety Symbols Earth Ground Chassis Ground Risk of electric shock Refer to manual for addi-...
Page 4 Protection Limits defined in the following section. Protection Limits The Agilent 34401A Digital Multimeter pro- vides protection circuitry to prevent damage to the instrument and to protect against the danger of electric shock, provided the Pro- tection Limits are not exceeded.
Page 5 Such devices include most small appliances, test equipment, and other devices that plug into a branch outlet or socket. The 34401A may be used to make measurements with the HI and LO inputs connected to mains in such devices, or to the branch outlet itself (up to 300 VAC).
Page 6 UL 3111-1: 1994 18 July 2001 Date For further information, please contact your local Agilent Technologies sales office, agent or distributor. Authorized EU-representative: Agilent Technologies Deutschland GmbH, Herrenberger Stra e 130, D 71034 Böblingen, Germany DECLARATION OF CONFORMITY According to ISO/IEC Guide 22 and CEN/CENELEC EN 45014 Agilent Technologies, Incorporated 815 –...
Page 7 Note: Unless otherwise indicated, this manual applies to all Serial Numbers. The Agilent Technologies 34401A is a 6 digital multimeter. Its combination of bench-top and system features makes this multimeter a versatile solution for your measurement needs now and in the future.
Page 8: The Front Panel At A Glance
The Front Panel at a Glance Measurement Function keys Math Operation keys Single Trigger / Autotrigger / Reading Hold key Shift / Local key Front / Rear Input Terminal Switch Range / Number of Digits Displayed keys Menu Operation keys...
Page 9 The Front-Panel Menu at a Glance The menu is organized in a top-down tree structure with three levels. A: MEASurement MENU 1: AC FILTER > 2: CONTINUITY > 3: INPUT R > 4: RATIO FUNC > 5: RESOLUTION B: MATH MENU 1: MIN-MAX >...
Page 10 Display Annunciators Turns on during a measurement. Multimeter is addressed to listen or talk over the GPIB interface. Adrs Multimeter is in remote mode (remote interface). Multimeter is using manual ranging (autorange is disabled). Multimeter is waiting for a single trigger or external trigger. Trig Reading Hold is enabled.
Page 11: Chassis Ground
The Rear Panel at a Glance Chassis Ground Power-Line Fuse-Holder Assembly Power-Line Voltage Setting Front and Rear Current Input Fuse Use the front-panel Input / Output Menu to: Select the GPIB or RS-232 interface (see chapter 4). Set the GPIB bus address (see chapter 4). Set the RS-232 baud rate and parity (see chapter 4).
Page 12: In This Book
1-800-452-4844 in the United States, or contact your nearest Agilent Sales Office. If your 34401A fails within one year of purchase, Agilent will repair or replace it free of charge. Call 1-877-444-7278 (“Agilent Express”) in the United States, or contact your nearest Agilent Sales Office.
Page 13: Table Of Contents
Contents Chapter 1 Quick Start To Prepare the Multimeter for Use 13 If the Multimeter Does Not Turn On 14 To Adjust the Carrying Handle 16 To Measure Voltage 17 To Measure Resistance 17 To Measure Current 18 To Measure Frequency (or Period) 18 To Test Continuity 19 To Check Diodes 19 To Select a Range 20...
Page 14 Contents Chapter 3 Features and Functions Math Operations Min-Max Operation 64 Null (Relative) Operation 65 dB Measurements 67 dBm Measurements 68 Limit Testing 69 Triggering Trigger Source Choices 73 The Wait-for-Trigger State 76 Halting a Measurement in Progress 76 Number of Samples 77 Number of Triggers 78 Trigger Delay 79 Automatic Trigger Delays 81...
Page 15 Contents Chapter 4 Remote Interface Reference Command Summary 105 Simplified Programming Overview 112 The MEASure? and CONFigure Commands 117 Measurement Configuration Commands 121 Math Operation Commands 124 Triggering 127 Triggering Commands 130 System-Related Commands 132 The SCPI Status Model 134 Status Reporting Commands 144 Calibration Commands 146 RS-232 Interface Configuration 148...
Page 16 Contents Chapter 7 Measurement Tutorial Thermal EMF Errors 199 Loading Errors (dc volts) 199 Leakage Current Errors 199 Rejecting Power-Line Noise Voltages 200 Common Mode Rejection (CMR) 201 Noise Caused by Magnetic Loops 201 Noise Caused by Ground Loops 202 Resistance Measurements 203 4-Wire Ohms Measurements 203 Removing Test Lead Resistance Errors 204...
Page 17: Chapter 1 Quick Start
Quick Start...
Page 18: Quick Start
Quick Start One of the first things you will want to do with your multimeter is to become acquainted with its front panel. We have written the exercises in this chapter to prepare the multimeter for use and help you get familiar with some of its front-panel operations.
Page 19: To Prepare The Multimeter For Use
Chapter 1 Quick Start To Prepare the Multimeter for Use To Prepare the Multimeter for Use The following steps help you verify that the multimeter is ready for use. 1 Check the list of supplied items. Verify that you have received the following items with your multimeter. If anything is missing, contact your nearest Agilent Sales Office.
Page 20: Power-Line Voltage Setting
Chapter 1 Quick Start If the Multimeter Does Not Turn On If the Multimeter Does Not Turn On Use the following steps to help solve problems you might encounter when turning on the multimeter. If you need more help, see the Service Guide for instructions on returning the multimeter to Agilent for service.
Page 21 Chapter 1 Quick Start If the Multimeter Does Not Turn On Remove the power cord. Remove the fuse-holder assembly from the rear panel. Rotate the line-voltage selector until the correct voltage appears in the window. 100, 120, 220 (230) or 240 Vac Verify that the correct line voltage is selected and the power-line fuse is good.
Page 22: To Adjust The Carrying Handle
Chapter 1 Quick Start To Adjust the Carrying Handle To Adjust the Carrying Handle To adjust the position, grasp the handle by the sides and pull outward. Then, rotate the handle to the desired position. Bench-top viewing positions Carrying position...
Page 23: To Measure Voltage
Chapter 1 Quick Start To Measure Voltage To Measure Voltage Ranges: 100 mV, 1 V, 10 V, 100 V, 1000 V (750 Vac) Maximum resolution: 100 nV (on 100 mV range) AC technique: true , ac-coupled To Measure Resistance Ranges: 100 1 k , 10 k , 100 k , 1 M , 10 M , 100 M Maximum resolution: 100 (on 100 ohm range)
Page 24: To Measure Current
Chapter 1 Quick Start To Measure Current To Measure Current Ranges: 10 mA (dc only), 100 mA (dc only), 1 A , 3 A Maximum resolution: 10 nA (on 10 mA range) AC technique: true , ac-coupled To Measure Frequency (or Period) Measurement band: 3 Hz to 300 kHz (0.33 sec to 3.3 sec) Input signal range: 100 mVac to 750 Vac Technique: reciprocal counting...
Page 25: To Test Continuity
Chapter 1 Quick Start To Test Continuity To Test Continuity Test current source: 1 mA Maximum resolution: 0.1 (range is fixed at 1 kohm) Beeper threshold: 1 to 1000 To Check Diodes Test current source: 1 mA Maximum resolution: 100 V (range is fixed at 1 Vdc) Beeper threshold: 0.3 volts (beeps below adjustable threshold) 0.8 volts (not adjustable)
Page 26: To Select A Range
Chapter 1 Quick Start To Select a Range To Select a Range You can let the multimeter automatically select the range using autoranging or you can select a fixed range using manual ranging. Selects a lower range and disables autoranging. Selects a higher range and disables autoranging.
Page 27: To Set The Resolution
Chapter 1 Quick Start To Set the Resolution To Set the Resolution You can set the display resolution to 4 optimize measurement speed or noise rejection. In this book, the most significant digit (leftmost on the display) is referred to as the “ since it can only be a “0”...
Page 28: Front-Panel Display Formats
Chapter 1 Quick Start Front-Panel Display Formats Front-Panel Display Formats H.DDD,DDD EFFF Front-panel display format. 5 digits 10.216,5 “ ” digit This is the 10 Vdc range, 5 “ ” digit 045.23 This is the 100 mVdc range, 4 113.325,6 This is the 100 ohm range, 6 OVL.D This is an overload indication on the 100 mVdc range.
Page 29: To Rack Mount The Multimeter
Instructions and mounting hardware are included with each rack-mounting kit. Any Agilent System II instrument of the same size can be rack-mounted beside the 34401A. Remove the carrying handle, and the front and rear rubber bumpers, before rack-mounting the multimeter.
Page 30 Chapter 1 Quick Start To Rack Mount the Multimeter To rack mount a single instrument, order adapter kit 5063-9240. To rack mount two instruments side-by-side, order lock-link kit 5061-9694 and flange kit 5063-9212. To install one or two instruments in a sliding support shelf, order shelf 5063-9255, and slide kit 1494-0015 (for a single instrument, also order filler panel 5002-3999).
Page 31: Chapter 2 Front-Panel Menu Operation
Front-Panel Menu Operation...
Page 32 Front-Panel Menu Operation By now you should be familiar with the FUNCTION RANGE / DIGITS groups of front-panel keys. You should also understand how to make front-panel connections for the various types of measurements. If you are not familiar with this information, we recommend that you read chapter 1, “Quick Start,”...
Page 33: Front-Panel Menu Reference
Chapter 2 Front-Panel Menu Operation Front-Panel Menu Reference Front-Panel Menu Reference A: MEASurement MENU 1: AC FILTER > 2: CONTINUITY > 3: INPUT R > 4: RATIO FUNC > 5: RESOLUTION 1: AC FILTER 2: CONTINUITY 3: INPUT R 4: RATIO FUNC 5: RESOLUTION B: MATH MENU 1: MIN-MAX >...
Page 34 Chapter 2 Front-Panel Menu Operation Front-Panel Menu Reference D: SYStem MENU 1: RDGS STORE > 2: SAVED RDGS > 3: ERROR > 4: TEST > 5: DISPLAY > 6: BEEP > 7: COMMA > 8: REVISION 1: RDGS STORE 2: SAVED RDGS 3: ERROR 4: TEST 5: DISPLAY...
Page 35: A Front-Panel Menu Tutorial
Chapter 2 Front-Panel Menu Operation A Front-Panel Menu Tutorial A Front-Panel Menu Tutorial This section is a step-by-step tutorial which shows how to use the front-panel menu. We recommend that you spend a few minutes with this tutorial to get comfortable with the structure and operation of the menu. The menu is organized in a top-down tree structure with three levels (menus, commands, and parameters).
Page 36 Chapter 2 Front-Panel Menu Operation A Front-Panel Menu Tutorial MESSAGES DISPLAYED DURING MENU USE TOP OF MENU You pressed the menu and you cannot go any higher. Shift To turn off the menu, press on a level, press . To move down a level, press <...
Page 37 Chapter 2 Front-Panel Menu Operation A Front-Panel Menu Tutorial Menu Example 1 The following steps show you how to turn on the menu, move up or down between levels, move across the choices on each level, and turn off the menu. In this example, you will turn off the front-panel beeper. On/Off Shift <...
Page 38 Chapter 2 Front-Panel Menu Operation A Front-Panel Menu Tutorial > > > 4 Move across to the > > There are eight command choices available in the choice on this level has a number prefix for easy identification ( 6: BEEP 5 Move down a level to the The first parameter choice is “...
Page 39 Chapter 2 Front-Panel Menu Operation A Front-Panel Menu Tutorial Menu Example 2 The following exercise demonstrates how to use the menu recall feature as a shortcut to set the You must perform the steps in Example 1 before you start this example. Recall Shift >...
Page 40 Chapter 2 Front-Panel Menu Operation A Front-Panel Menu Tutorial Menu Example 3 Some commands in the menu require that you enter a numeric parameter value. The following steps show you how to enter a number in the menu. For this example, you will set the null value to –2.0 volts. Make sure the multimeter is in the dc voltage function with 5 resolution displayed.
Page 41 Chapter 2 Front-Panel Menu Operation A Front-Panel Menu Tutorial 5 Move down to edit the The null value should be 0.0 Vdc when you come to this point in the menu for the first time. For this example, you will set the null value to –2.0 volts.
Page 42 Chapter 2 Front-Panel Menu Operation A Front-Panel Menu Tutorial < 9 Move the flashing cursor over to the “units” location. Notice that the units are flashing on the right side of the display. -200.000 10 Increase the displayed number by a factor of 10. Notice that the position of the decimal point changes and the displayed number increases by a factor of 10.
Page 43: To Turn Off The Comma Separator
Chapter 2 Front-Panel Menu Operation To Turn Off the Comma Separator To Turn Off the Comma Separator The multimeter can display readings on the front panel with or without a comma separator. The following steps show how to disable the comma. 08.241,53 With comma separator On/Off...
Page 44: To Make Null (Relative) Measurements
Chapter 2 Front-Panel Menu Operation To Make Null (Relative) Measurements To Make Null (Relative) Measurements Each null measurement, also called relative, is the difference between a stored null value and the input signal. Result = reading – null value Enables null operation; Press again to disable.
Page 45: To Store Minimum And Maximum Readings
Chapter 2 Front-Panel Menu Operation To Store Minimum and Maximum Readings To Store Minimum and Maximum Readings You can store the minimum and maximum readings during a series of measurements. The following discussion shows how to read the minimum, maximum, average, and reading count. To read the minimum, maximum, average, and count, use the MATH menu.
Page 46: To Make Db Measurements
Chapter 2 Front-Panel Menu Operation To Make dB Measurements To Make dB Measurements Each dB measurement is the difference between the input signal and a stored relative value, with both values converted to dBm. dB = reading in dBm – relative value in dBm Enables dB operation;...
Page 47: To Make Dbm Measurements
Chapter 2 Front-Panel Menu Operation To Make dBm Measurements To Make dBm Measurements The dBm operation calculates the power delivered to a resistance referenced to 1 milliwatt. dBm = 10 ( reading reference resistance To read / edit the dBm reference resistance, use the MATH menu.
Page 48: To Trigger The Multimeter
Chapter 2 Front-Panel Menu Operation To Trigger the Multimeter To Trigger the Multimeter You can trigger the multimeter from the front panel using single trigger or auto trigger. Enables single trigger and triggers the multimeter. Toggles between auto trigger and reading hold. Auto triggering is enabled when you turn on the multimeter.
Page 49: To Use Reading Hold
Chapter 2 Front-Panel Menu Operation To Use Reading Hold To Use Reading Hold The reading hold feature allows you to capture and hold a stable reading on the display. When a stable reading is detected, the multimeter emits a beep and holds the value on the display. Toggles between auto trigger and reading hold.
Page 50: To Make Dcv:dcv Ratio Measurements
Chapter 2 Front-Panel Menu Operation To Make dcv:dcv Ratio Measurements To Make dcv:dcv Ratio Measurements To calculate a ratio, the multimeter measures a dc reference voltage applied to the Sense terminals and the voltage applied to the Input terminals. dc signal voltage Ratio dc reference voltage To enable ratio measurements, use the MEAS menu.
Page 51 Chapter 2 Front-Panel Menu Operation To Make dcv:dcv Ratio Measurements The following steps show you how to select the ratio function using the front-panel menu. On/Off Shift < 1 Turn on the menu. A: MEAS MENU < < 2 Move down a level and then across to the 4: RATIO FUNC 3 Move down to the “parameter”...
Page 52: To Use Reading Memory
Chapter 2 Front-Panel Menu Operation To Use Reading Memory To Use Reading Memory The multimeter can store up to 512 readings in internal memory. The following steps demonstrate how to store readings and retrieve them. 1 Select the function. Select any measurement function. You can also select Null, Min–Max, dB, dBm, or limit test.
Page 53 Chapter 2 Front-Panel Menu Operation To Use Reading Memory > 6 Move down a level and then across to the “ Auto/Man 7 Save the change and exit the menu. ENTER Notice that the Mem (memory) annunciator turns on to indicate that the multimeter is ready to store readings.
Page 54 Chapter 2 Front-Panel Menu Operation To Use Reading Memory 10 Move down a level to view the first stored reading. Reading memory is automatically turned off when you go to the “parameter” level in the menu. The first reading displayed is the first reading that was stored (FIFO). If no readings are stored in memory, “...
Page 55: Chapter 3 Features And Functions
Features and Functions...
Page 56: Features And Functions
Features and Functions You will find that this chapter makes it easy to look up all the details about a particular feature of the multimeter. Whether you are operating the multimeter from the front panel or from the remote interface, this chapter will be useful.
Page 57: Measurement Configuration
Chapter 3 Features and Functions Measurement Configuration Measurement Configuration This section contains information to help you configure the multimeter for making measurements. You may never have to change any of the measurement parameters discussed here, but they are provided to give you the flexibility you might need.
Page 58: Continuity Threshold Resistance
Chapter 3 Features and Functions Measurement Configuration Continuity Threshold Resistance When measuring continuity, the multimeter emits a continuous tone if the measured resistance is less than the threshold resistance. You can set the threshold to any value between 1 The threshold resistance is adjustable only from the front panel. The threshold resistance is stored in non-volatile memory, and does not change when power has been off or after a remote interface reset.
Page 59: Dc Input Resistance
Chapter 3 Features and Functions Measurement Configuration DC Input Resistance Normally, the multimeter’s input resistance is fixed at 10 M for all dc voltage ranges to minimize noise pickup. To reduce the effects of measurement loading errors, you can set the input resistance to greater than 10 G for the 100 mVdc, 1 Vdc, and 10 Vdc ranges.
Page 60: Resolution
Chapter 3 Features and Functions Measurement Configuration Resolution Resolution is expressed in terms of number of digits the multimeter can measure or display. You can set the resolution to 4, 5, or 6 full digits, plus a “ ” digit which can only be a “0” or “1”. To increase measurement accuracy and improve noise rejection, select 6 measurement speed, select 4 Applies to all measurement functions.
Page 61 Chapter 3 Features and Functions Measurement Configuration 5 digits 10.216,5 “ ” digit This is the 10 Vdc range, 5 “ ” digit 045.23 This is the 100 mVdc range, 4 113.325,6 OHM This is the 100 ohm range, 6 The resolution is stored in volatile memory;...
Page 62 Chapter 3 Features and Functions Measurement Configuration Resolution Front-Panel Operation: Select either the slow or fast mode for each resolution setting. The default mode is 5 digits slow. (continued) 5: RESOLUTION See also “To Set the Resolution,” on page 21. Remote Interface Operation: You can set the resolution using the following commands.
Page 63: Integration Time
Chapter 3 Features and Functions Measurement Configuration Integration Time Integration time is the period during which the multimeter’s analog-to- digital (A/D) converter samples the input signal for a measurement. Integration time affects the measurement resolution (for better resolution, use a longer integration time), and measurement speed (for faster measurements, use a shorter integration time).
Page 64: Front / Rear Input Terminal Switching
Chapter 3 Features and Functions Measurement Configuration Integration Time Front-Panel Operation: Integration time is set indirectly when you select the number of digits. See the table for resolution on page 54. (continued) Remote Interface Operation: < function For frequency and period measurements, aperture time (or gate time) is analogous to integration time.
Page 65: Autozero
Chapter 3 Features and Functions Measurement Configuration Autozero When autozero is enabled (default), the multimeter internally disconnects the input signal following each measurement, and takes a zero reading. It then subtracts the zero reading from the preceding reading. This prevents offset voltages present on the multimeter’s input circuitry from affecting measurement accuracy.
Page 66 Digits Displayed: 5 NPLC: 0.02 Autozero: On Digits Displayed: 4 NPLC: 0.02 Autozero: Off Digits Displayed: 4 See the Agilent 34401A specifications listed on page 217. Configuration Front-Panel Equivalent Slow 6 digits Fast 6 digits Slow 5 digits Slow 4 digits...
Page 67: Ranging
Chapter 3 Features and Functions Measurement Configuration Ranging You can let the multimeter automatically select the range using autoranging or you can select a fixed range using manual ranging. Autoranging is convenient because the multimeter automatically selects the appropriate range for each measurement. However, you can use manual ranging for faster measurements since the multimeter does not have to determine which range to use for each measurement.
Page 68 Chapter 3 Features and Functions Measurement Configuration Ranging Front-Panel Operation: Use the front-panel autoranging or manual ranging. For frequency and period (continued) measurements from the front panel, ranging applies to the signal’s input voltage, not its frequency. See also “To Select a Range,” on page 20. Remote Interface Operation: You can set the range using any of the following commands.
Page 69: Math Operations
Chapter 3 Features and Functions Math Operations Math Operations There are five math operations available, only one of which can be enabled at a time. Each math operation performs a mathematical operation on each reading or stores data on a series of readings. The selected math operation remains in effect until you disable it, change functions, turn off the power, or perform a remote interface reset.
Page 70: Min-Max Operation
Chapter 3 Features and Functions Math Operations Min–Max Operation The min-max operation stores the minimum and maximum readings during a series of measurements. The multimeter then calculates the average of all readings and records the number of readings taken since min-max was enabled.
Page 71: Null (Relative) Operation
Chapter 3 Features and Functions Math Operations Remote Interface Operation: You can use the following commands to make min-max measurements. CALCulate:FUNCtion AVERage CALCulate:STATe {OFF|ON} CALCulate:AVERage:MINimum? CALCulate:AVERage:MAXimum? CALCulate:AVERage:AVERage? CALCulate:AVERage:COUNt? A new command is available starting with firmware Revision 2 which allows you to take readings using INITiate without storing them in internal memory.
Page 72 Chapter 3 Features and Functions Math Operations Null (Relative) The null value is stored in the multimeter’s Null Register. There are two ways you can specify the null value. First, you can enter a (continued) specific number into the register from the front-panel menu or from the remote interface.
Page 73: Db Measurements
Chapter 3 Features and Functions Math Operations dB Measurements Each dB measurement is the difference between the input signal and a stored relative value, with both values converted to dBm. dB = reading in dBm – relative value in dBm Applies to dc voltage and ac voltage measurements only.
Page 74: Dbm Measurements
Chapter 3 Features and Functions Math Operations Remote Interface Operation: You can use the following commands to make dB measurements. Math must be enabled before you can store a value to the Relative Register. CALCulate:FUNCtion DB CALCulate:STATe {OFF|ON} CALCulate:DB:REFerence {< dBm Measurements The dBm operation calculates the power delivered to a resistance referenced to 1 milliwatt.
Page 75: Limit Testing
Chapter 3 Features and Functions Math Operations Limit Testing The limit test operation enables you to perform pass/fail testing to upper and lower limits that you specify. Applies to all measurement functions, except continuity and diode tests. You can set the upper and lower limits to any value between 0 and 120% of the highest range, for the present function.
Page 76 Chapter 3 Features and Functions Math Operations Limit Testing Remote Interface Operation: You can use the following commands for limit testing. (continued) CALCulate:FUNCtion LIMit CALCulate:STATe {OFF|ON} CALCulate:LIMit:LOWer {< CALCulate:LIMit:UPPer {< There are two unused pins on the are available to indicate the pass/fail status of readings taken with limit testing.
Page 77: Triggering
Chapter 3 Features and Functions Triggering Triggering The multimeter’s triggering system allows you to generate triggers either manually or automatically, take multiple readings per trigger, and insert a delay before each reading. Normally, the multimeter will take one reading each time it receives a trigger, but you can specify multiple readings (up to 50,000) per trigger.
Page 78 Chapter 3 Features and Functions Triggering Agilent 34401A Triggering System Initiate Triggering MEASure? READ? INITiate Trigger Source TRIGger:SOURce IMMediate TRIGger:SOURce EXTernal TRIGger:SOURce BUS Front-panel “Single” key Trigger Delay TRIGger:DELay Sample ( Measurement Annunciator Idle State Wait-for- Trigger State Delay Sample...
Page 79: Trigger Source Choices
Chapter 3 Features and Functions Triggering Trigger Source Choices You must specify the source from which the multimeter will accept a trigger. From the front panel, the multimeter will accept a single trigger, a hardware trigger from the Ext Trig terminal, or continuously take readings using auto trigger.
Page 80 Chapter 3 Features and Functions Triggering External Triggering In the external trigger mode, the multimeter will accept a hardware trigger applied to the Ext Trig terminal. The multimeter takes one reading, or the specified number of readings (sample count), each time Ext Trig receives a low-true pulse. See also “External Trigger Terminal,”...
Page 81 Chapter 3 Features and Functions Triggering Internal Triggering In the internal trigger mode (remote interface only), the trigger signal is always present. When you place the multimeter in the wait-for-trigger state, the trigger is issued immediately. This is the power-on trigger source for remote interface operation. To select the internal trigger source, send the following command.
Page 82: The Wait-For-Trigger State
Chapter 3 Features and Functions Triggering The Wait-for-Trigger State After you have configured the multimeter and selected a trigger source, you must place the multimeter in the wait-for-trigger state. A trigger will not be accepted until the multimeter is in this state. If a trigger signal is present, and if multimeter is in the “wait-for-trigger”...
Page 83: Number Of Samples
Chapter 3 Features and Functions Triggering Number of Samples Normally, the multimeter takes one reading (or sample) each time it receives a trigger from the selected trigger source (if the multimeter is in the wait-for-trigger state). You can, however, instruct the multimeter to take multiple readings for each trigger received.
Page 84: Number Of Triggers
Chapter 3 Features and Functions Triggering Number of Triggers Normally, the multimeter will accept only one trigger before returning to the “idle” trigger state. You can, however, instruct the multimeter to accept multiple triggers. This feature is available only from the remote interface. If you set the trigger count and then go to local (front panel), the multimeter ignores the trigger count setting;...
Page 85: Trigger Delay
Chapter 3 Features and Functions Triggering Trigger Delay You can insert a delay between the trigger signal and each sample that follows. This may be useful in applications where you want to allow the input to settle before taking a reading, or for pacing a burst of readings. If you do not specify a trigger delay, the multimeter automatically selects a delay for you.
Page 86 Chapter 3 Features and Functions Triggering Trigger Delay Front-Panel Operation (continued) (continued) To set the delay to 0 seconds, select the “parameter” level of the DELAY the right side of the display. Press then press Menu Enter. ZERO DELAY To select the automatic trigger delay, select the “parameter” level of the “units”...
Page 87: Automatic Trigger Delays
Chapter 3 Features and Functions Triggering Automatic Trigger Delays If you do not specify a trigger delay, the multimeter selects an automatic delay for you. The delay is determined by function, range, integration time, and ac filter setting. DC Voltage and DC Current (for all ranges): Integration Time Trigger Delay NPLC...
Page 88: Reading Hold
Chapter 3 Features and Functions Triggering Reading Hold The reading hold feature allows you to capture and hold a stable reading on the front-panel display. This is especially useful in situations where you want to take a reading, remove the test probes, and have the reading remain on the display.
Page 89: Voltmeter Complete Terminal
Chapter 3 Features and Functions Triggering Voltmeter Complete Terminal The rear-panel VM Comp (voltmeter complete) terminal provides a low-true pulse after the completion of each measurement. Voltmeter complete and external trigger (see below) implement a standard hardware handshake sequence between measurement and switching devices. External Trigger Terminal You can trigger the multimeter by applying a low-true pulse to the rear-panel Ext Trig (external trigger) terminal.
Page 90: System-Related Operations
Chapter 3 Features and Functions System-Related Operations System-Related Operations This section gives information on topics such as reading memory, errors, self-test, and front-panel display control. This information is not directly related to making measurements but is an important part of operating the multimeter.
Page 91: Error Conditions
Chapter 3 Features and Functions System-Related Operations Error Conditions When the front-panel annunciator turns on, one or more ERROR command syntax or hardware errors have been detected. A record of up to 20 errors is stored in the multimeter’s error queue. See chapter 5, “Error Messages,”...
Page 92: Self-Test
Chapter 3 Features and Functions System-Related Operations Self-Test A power-on self-test occurs automatically when you turn on the multimeter. This limited test assures you that the multimeter is operational. This self-test does not perform the extensive set of analog tests that are included as part of the complete self-test described below. A complete self-test runs a series of tests and takes approximately 15 seconds to execute.
Page 93: Display Control
Chapter 3 Features and Functions System-Related Operations Display Control To speed up your measurement rate, or for security reasons, you may want to turn off the front-panel display. From the remote interface, you can also display a 12-character message on the front panel. When the display is turned off, readings are not sent to the display and all display annunciators except Front-panel operation is otherwise unaffected by turning off the display.
Page 94: Beeper Control
Chapter 3 Features and Functions System-Related Operations Beeper Control Normally, the multimeter will emit a tone whenever certain conditions are met from the front panel. For example, the multimeter will beep when a stable reading is captured in reading hold. You may want to disable the front-panel beeper for certain applications.
Page 95: Comma Separators
Front-Panel Operation: 8: REVISION (SYS MENU) Remote Interface Operation: returns “HEWLETT-PACKARD,34401A,0,XX-XX-XX” *IDN? Be sure to dimension a string variable with at least 35 characters. 08.24153 Without comma separator XX-XX-XX...
Page 96: Scpi Language Version Query
Chapter 3 Features and Functions System-Related Operations SCPI Language Version Query The multimeter complies with the rules and regulations of the present version of (Standard Commands for Programmable Instruments). SCPI You can determine the version with which the multimeter is in SCPI compliance by sending a command from the remote interface.
Page 97: Remote Interface Configuration
Chapter 3 Features and Functions Remote Interface Configuration Remote Interface Configuration This section gives information on configuring the remote interface. For additional information, see chapter 4, “Remote Interface Reference,” starting on page 103. GPIB Address Each device on the GPIB IEEE-488 address.
Page 98: Remote Interface Selection
Chapter 3 Features and Functions Remote Interface Configuration Remote Interface Selection The multimeter is shipped with both an and an interface. Only one interface can be enabled at a time. RS-232 interface is selected when the multimeter is shipped from GPIB the factory.
Page 99: Baud Rate Selection (Rs-232)
Chapter 3 Features and Functions Remote Interface Configuration Baud Rate Selection ( RS-232 You can select one of six baud rates for to 9600 baud when the multimeter is shipped from the factory. The baud rate can be set only from the front-panel. Select one of the following: 300, 600, 1200, 2400, 4800, or 9600 baud (factory setting).
Page 100: Programming Language Selection
Chapter 3 Features and Functions Remote Interface Configuration Programming Language Selection You can select one of three languages to program the multimeter from the selected remote interface. The language is shipped from the factory. Select one of the following: SCPI, Agilent 3478A, or Fluke 8840A. The language selection is stored in non-volatile memory, and does not change when power has been off or after a remote interface reset.
Page 101: Calibration Security
Chapter 3 Features and Functions Calibration Overview Calibration Overview This section gives a brief introduction to the calibration features of the multimeter. For a more detailed discussion of the calibration procedures, see chapter 4 in the Service Guide. Calibration Security This feature allows you to enter a security code to prevent accidental or unauthorized calibrations of the multimeter.
Page 102 Chapter 3 Features and Functions Calibration Overview Calibration To Unsecure for Calibration You can unsecure the multimeter for calibration either from the front panel or remote interface. Security The multimeter is secured when shipped from the factory, and the (continued) security code is set to “...
Page 103 Chapter 3 Features and Functions Calibration Overview To Secure Against Calibration You can secure the multimeter against calibration either from the front panel or remote interface. The multimeter is secured when shipped from the factory, and the security code is set to “ HP034401 Make sure you have read the security code rules on page 95 before attempting to secure the multimeter.
Page 104: Calibration Count
Chapter 3 Features and Functions Calibration Overview Calibration To Change the Security Code To change the security code, you must first unsecure the multimeter, and then enter a new code. Make sure Security you have read the security code rules on page 95 before attempting to (continued) secure the multimeter.
Page 105: Calibration Message
Chapter 3 Features and Functions Calibration Overview Calibration Message You can use the calibration message feature to record calibration information about your multimeter. For example, you can store such information as the last calibration date, the next calibration due date, the multimeter’s serial number, or even the name and phone number of the person to contact for a new calibration.
Page 106: Operator Maintenance
Chapter 3 Features and Functions Operator Maintenance Operator Maintenance This section describes how to replace the power-line and current fuses. If you need additional information about replacing parts or repairing the multimeter, see the Service Guide. To Replace the Power-Line Fuse The power-line fuse is located within the multimeter’s fuse-holder assembly on the rear panel (see also page 15).
Page 107: Power-On And Reset State
Chapter 3 Features and Functions Power-On and Reset State Power-On and Reset State The parameters marked with a bullet ( ) are stored in The factory settings are shown. Measurement AC Filter Autozero Continuity Threshold Function Input Resistance Integration Time Range Resolution For your convenience,...
Page 109: Chapter 4 Remote Interface Reference
Remote Interface Reference...
Page 110 Remote Interface Reference Command Summary, starting on page 105 Simplified Programming Overview, starting on page 112 > The MEASure? and CONFigure Commands, starting on page 117 Measurement Configuration Commands, starting on page 121 Math Operation Commands, starting on page 124 Triggering, starting on page 127 Triggering Commands, starting on page 130 System-Related Commands, starting on page 132...
Page 111: Command Summary
Chapter 4 Remote Interface Reference Command Summary Command Summary This section summarizes the Programmable Instruments) commands available to program the multimeter. Refer to the later sections in this chapter for more complete details on each command. Throughout this manual, the following conventions are used for command syntax.
Page 112 Chapter 4 Remote Interface Reference Command Summary Measurement Configuration Commands (see page 121 for more information) [SENSe:] FUNCtion "VOLTage:DC" FUNCtion "VOLTage:DC:RATio" FUNCtion "VOLTage:AC" FUNCtion "CURRent:DC" FUNCtion "CURRent:AC" FUNCtion "RESistance" FUNCtion "FRESistance" FUNCtion "FREQuency" FUNCtion "PERiod" FUNCtion "CONTinuity" FUNCtion "DIODe" FUNCtion? [SENSe:] >|MINimum|MAXimum} VOLTage:DC:RANGe {<range...
Page 113 Chapter 4 Remote Interface Reference Command Summary Measurement Configuration Commands (continued) [SENSe:] VOLTage:DC:RESolution {<resolution VOLTage:DC:RESolution? [MINimum|MAXimum] resolution VOLTage:AC:RESolution {< VOLTage:AC:RESolution? [MINimum|MAXimum] resolution CURRent:DC:RESolution {< CURRent:DC:RESolution? [MINimum|MAXimum] resolution CURRent:AC:RESolution {< CURRent:AC:RESolution? [MINimum|MAXimum] resolution RESistance:RESolution {< RESistance:RESolution? [MINimum|MAXimum] resolution FRESistance:RESolution {< FRESistance:RESolution? [MINimum|MAXimum] [SENSe:] VOLTage:DC:NPLCycles {0.02|0.2|1|10|100|MINimum|MAXimum} VOLTage:DC:NPLCycles? [MINimum|MAXimum]...
Page 114 Chapter 4 Remote Interface Reference Command Summary Math Operation Commands (see page 124 for more information) CALCulate :FUNCtion {NULL|DB|DBM|AVERage|LIMit} :FUNCtion? :STATe {OFF|ON} :STATe? CALCulate :AVERage:MINimum? :AVERage:MAXimum? :AVERage:AVERage? :AVERage:COUNt? CALCulate >|MINimum|MAXimum} :NULL:OFFSet {<value :NULL:OFFSet? [MINimum|MAXimum] CALCulate value :DB:REFerence {< >|MINimum|MAXimum} :DB:REFerence? [MINimum|MAXimum] CALCulate value :DBM:REFerence {<...
Page 115 Chapter 4 Remote Interface Reference Command Summary Triggering Commands (see page 127 for more information) INITiate READ? TRIGger :SOURce {BUS|IMMediate |EXTernal} :SOURce? TRIGger seconds :DELay {< >|MINimum|MAXimum} :DELay? [MINimum|MAXimum] TRIGger :DELay:AUTO {OFF|ON} :DELay:AUTO? SAMPle value :COUNt {< >|MINimum|MAXimum} :COUNt? [MINimum|MAXimum] TRIGger value :COUNt {<...
Page 116 Chapter 4 Remote Interface Reference Command Summary Status Reporting Commands (see page 144 for more information) SYSTem:ERRor? STATus :QUEStionable:ENABle <enable value :QUEStionable:ENABle? :QUEStionable:EVENt? STATus:PRESet *CLS enable value *ESE < > *ESE? *ESR? *OPC *OPC? *PSC {0|1} *PSC? enable value *SRE < >...
Page 117 Chapter 4 Remote Interface Reference Command Summary RS-232 Interface Commands (see page 148 for more information) SYSTem:LOCal SYSTem:REMote SYSTem:RWLock IEEE-488.2 Common Commands (see page 169 for more information) *CLS *ESE <enable value > *ESE? *ESR? *IDN? *OPC *OPC? *PSC {0|1} *PSC? *RST enable value...
Page 118: Simplified Programming Overview
Chapter 4 Remote Interface Reference Simplified Programming Overview Simplified Programming Overview You can program the multimeter to take measurements from the remote First-time interface using the following simple seven-step sequence. SCPI users, see page 154. 1. Place the multimeter in a known state (often the reset state). 2.
Page 119 Chapter 4 Remote Interface Reference Simplified Programming Overview Using the Command MEASure? The easiest way to program the multimeter for measurements is by using the MEASure? command. However, this command does not offer much flexibility. When you execute the command, the multimeter presets the best settings for the requested configuration and immediately performs the measurement.
Page 120 Chapter 4 Remote Interface Reference Simplified Programming Overview Using the Parameters range resolution With the MEASure? and CONFigure commands, you can select the measurement function, range, and resolution all in one command. Use the range parameter to specify the expected value of the input signal.
Page 121 Chapter 4 Remote Interface Reference Simplified Programming Overview If you send two query commands without reading the response from the C a u t i o n first, and then attempt to read the second response, you may receive some data from the first response followed by the complete second response.
Page 122 Chapter 4 Remote Interface Reference Simplified Programming Overview CONFigure The following program segment shows how to use the READ? command with CONFigure to make an externally-triggered measurement. Example The program configures the multimeter for dc voltage measurements. CONFigure does not place the multimeter in the “wait-for-trigger” state. The READ? command places the multimeter in the “wait-for-trigger”...
Page 123: The Measure? And Configure Commands
Chapter 4 Remote Interface Reference The MEASure? and CONFigure Commands The MEASure? and CONFigure Commands See also “Measurement Configuration,” starting on page 51 in chapter 3. For the range parameter, selected function; selects the highest range; autoranging. For the resolution parameter, specify the resolution in the same units as the measurement function, not in number of digits.
Page 124 Chapter 4 Remote Interface Reference The MEASure? and CONFigure Commands range MEASure:CURRent:AC? {< Preset and make an ac current measurement with the specified range and resolution. The reading is sent to the output buffer. For ac measurements, resolution is actually fixed at 6 parameter only affects the front-panel display.
Page 125 Chapter 4 Remote Interface Reference The MEASure? and CONFigure Commands CONFigure:VOLTage:DC {< range >|MIN|MAX|DEF},{< Preset and configure the multimeter for dc voltage measurements with the specified range and resolution. This command does not initiate the measurement. range CONFigure:VOLTage:DC:RATio {< Preset and configure the multimeter for dc:dc ratio measurements with the specified range and resolution.
Page 126 Chapter 4 Remote Interface Reference The MEASure? and CONFigure Commands range resolution CONFigure:FREQuency {< >|MIN|MAX|DEF},{< >|MIN|MAX|DEF} Preset and configure a frequency measurement with the specified range and resolution. This command does not initiate the measurement. For frequency measurements, the multimeter uses one “range” for all inputs between 3 Hz and 300 kHz.
Page 127: Measurement Configuration Commands
Chapter 4 Remote Interface Reference Measurement Configuration Commands Measurement Configuration Commands See also “Measurement Configuration,” starting on page 51 in chapter 3. FUNCtion "< function >" Select a measurement function. The function must be enclosed in quotes in the command string (FUNC "VOLT:DC"). Specify one of the following strings.
Page 128 Chapter 4 Remote Interface Reference Measurement Configuration Commands function resolution < >:RESolution {< Select the resolution for the specified function (not valid for frequency, period, or ratio). Specify the resolution in the same units as the measurement function, not in number of digits. value accepted, which gives the most resolution.
Page 129 Chapter 4 Remote Interface Reference Measurement Configuration Commands [SENSe:]DETector:BANDwidth {3|20|200|MINimum|MAXimum} Specify the lowest frequency expected in the input signal. The multimeter selects the slow, medium (default), or fast ac filter based on the frequency you specify. = 3 Hz. = 200 Hz. [Stored in volatile memory] [SENSe:]DETector:BANDwidth? [MINimum|MAXimum] Query the ac filter.
Page 130: Math Operation Commands
Chapter 4 Remote Interface Reference Math Operation Commands Math Operation Commands See also “Math Operations,” starting on page 63 in chapter 3. There are five math operations available, only one of which can be enabled at a time. Each math operation performs a mathematical operation on each reading or stores data on a series of readings.
Page 131 Chapter 4 Remote Interface Reference Math Operation Commands CALCulate:AVERage:MINimum? Read the minimum value found during a min-max operation. The multimeter clears the value when min-max is turned on, when power has been off, or after a remote interface reset. [Stored in volatile memory] CALCulate:AVERage:MAXimum? Read the maximum value found during a min-max operation.
Page 132 Chapter 4 Remote Interface Reference Math Operation Commands CALCulate:DBM:REFerence {< Select the dBm reference value. Choose from: 50, 75, 93, 110, 124, 125, 135, 150, 250, 300, 500, 600, 800, 900, 1000, 1200, or 8000 ohms. = 50 = 8000 .
Page 133: Triggering
Chapter 4 Remote Interface Reference Triggering Triggering See also “Triggering,” starting on page 71 in chapter 3. First-time SCPI users, The multimeter’s triggering system allows you to generate triggers see page 154. either manually or automatically, take multiple readings per trigger, and insert a delay before each reading.
Page 134 Chapter 4 Remote Interface Reference Triggering Agilent 34401A Triggering System Initiate Triggering MEASure? READ? INITiate Trigger Source TRIGger:SOURce IMMediate TRIGger:SOURce EXTernal TRIGger:SOURce BUS Front-panel “Single” key Trigger Delay TRIGger:DELay Sample ( Measurement Annunciator Idle State Wait-for- Trigger State Delay Sample...
Page 135 Chapter 4 Remote Interface Reference Triggering The Wait-for-Trigger State After you have configured the multimeter and selected a trigger source, you must place the multimeter in the wait-for-trigger state. A trigger will not be accepted until the multimeter is in this state. If a trigger signal is present, and if multimeter is in the “wait-for-trigger”...
Page 136: Triggering Commands
Chapter 4 Remote Interface Reference Triggering Commands Triggering Commands See also “Triggering,” starting on page 71 in chapter 3. INITiate Change the state of the triggering system from the “idle” state to the “wait-for-trigger” state. Measurements will begin when the specified trigger conditions are satisfied after the INITiate command is received.
Page 137 Chapter 4 Remote Interface Reference Triggering Commands TRIGger:DELay {< seconds >|MINimum|MAXimum} Insert a trigger delay between the trigger signal and each sample that follows. If you do not specify a trigger delay, the multimeter automatically selects a delay for you. Select from 0 to 3600 seconds. = 0 seconds.
Page 138: System-Related Commands
Chapter 4 Remote Interface Reference System-Related Commands System-Related Commands See also “System-Related Operations,” starting on page 84 in chapter 3. FETCh? Transfer readings stored in the multimeter’s internal memory by the INITiate command to the multimeter’s output buffer where you can read them into your bus controller.
Page 139 Chapter 4 Remote Interface Reference System-Related Commands SYSTem:BEEPer Issue a single beep immediately. SYSTem:BEEPer:STATe {OFF|ON} Disable or enable the front-panel beeper. [Stored in non-volatile memory] When you disable the beeper, the multimeter will not emit a tone when: 1) a new minimum or maximum is found in a min–max test. 2) a stable reading is captured in reading hold.
Page 140: The Scpi Status Model
Chapter 4 Remote Interface Reference The SCPI Status Model The SCPI Status Model instruments implement status registers in the same way. SCPI The status system records various instrument conditions in three register groups: the Status Byte register, the Standard Event register, and the Questionable Data register.
Page 141 Chapter 4 Remote Interface Reference The SCPI Status Model SCPI Status System...
Page 142 Chapter 4 Remote Interface Reference The SCPI Status Model The Status Byte The status byte summary register reports conditions from other status registers. Query data that is waiting in the multimeter’s output buffer is immediately reported through the “message available” bit (bit 4). Bits in the summary registers are not latched.
Page 143 Chapter 4 Remote Interface Reference The SCPI Status Model Using Service Request ( You must configure your bus controller to respond to the service request ( byte enable register ( low-level IEEE-488 SRQ bit (bit 6) is set, an sent to the bus controller. The bus controller may then poll the instruments on the bus to identify which one requested service (the one with bit 6 set in its status byte).
Page 144 Chapter 4 Remote Interface Reference The SCPI Status Model Using to Read the Status Byte *STB? The *STB? (status byte query) command is similar to a serial poll except it is processed like any other instrument command. The *STB? command returns the same result as an “request service”...
Page 145 Chapter 4 Remote Interface Reference The SCPI Status Model How to Use the Message Available Bit ( You can use the status byte “message available” bit (bit 4) to determine when data becomes available to read into your bus controller. The multimeter sets bit 4 when the first reading trigger occurs (which can be TRIGger:SOURce:IMMediate).
Page 146 Chapter 4 Remote Interface Reference The SCPI Status Model The Standard Event Register The standard event register reports the following types of instrument events: power-on detected, command syntax errors, command execution errors, self-test or calibration errors, query errors, or when an *OPC command is executed.
Page 147 Chapter 4 Remote Interface Reference The SCPI Status Model The standard event register is cleared when: You send a *CLS (clear status) command. You query the event register using the *ESR? (event status register) command. The standard event enable register is cleared when: You turn on the power and you have previously configured the multimeter using the *PSC 1 command.
Page 148: The Questionable Data Register
Chapter 4 Remote Interface Reference The SCPI Status Model The Questionable Data Register The questionable data register provides information about the quality of the multimeter’s measurement results. Overload conditions and high/low limit test results are reported. Any or all of these conditions can be reported in the questionable data summary bit through the enable register.
Page 149 Chapter 4 Remote Interface Reference The SCPI Status Model The questionable data event register is cleared when: You execute a *CLS (clear status) command. You query the event register using STATus:QUEStionable:EVENt?. The questionable data enable register is cleared when: You turn on the power (*PSC does not apply). You execute the STATus:PRESet command.
Page 150: Status Reporting Commands
Chapter 4 Remote Interface Reference Status Reporting Commands Status Reporting Commands SYSTem:ERRor? Query the multimeter’s error queue. Up to 20 errors can be stored in the queue. Errors are retrieved in first-in-first out ( ) order. Each error FIFO string may contain up to 80 characters. enable value STATus:QUEStionable:ENABle <...
Page 151 Chapter 4 Remote Interface Reference Status Reporting Commands *ESR? Query the Standard event register. The multimeter returns a decimal value which corresponds to the binary-weighted sum of all bits set in the register. *OPC Sets the “operation complete” bit (bit 0) in the Standard Event register after the command is executed.
Page 152: Calibration Commands
Chapter 4 Remote Interface Reference Calibration Commands Calibration Commands See “Calibration Overview” starting on page 95 for an overview of the calibration features of the multimeter. For a more detailed discussion of the calibration procedures, see chapter 4 in the Service Guide. CALibration? Perform a calibration using the specified calibration value (CALibration:VALue command).
Page 153 Chapter 4 Remote Interface Reference Calibration Commands CALibration:STRing < quoted string Record calibration information about your multimeter. For example, you can store such information as the last calibration date, the next calibration due date, the instrument serial number, or even the name and phone number of the person to contact for a new calibration.
Page 154: Rs-232 Interface Configuration
Chapter 4 Remote Interface Reference RS-232 Interface Configuration RS-232 Interface Configuration See also “Remote Interface Configuration,” on page 91 in chapter 3. You connect the multimeter to the serial connector on the rear panel. The multimeter is configured as a (Data Terminal Equipment) device.
Page 155 Chapter 4 Remote Interface Reference RS-232 Interface Configuration RS-232 Data Frame Format A character frame consists of all the transmitted bits that make up a single character. The frame is defined as the characters from the start bit to the last stop bit, inclusively. Within the frame, you can select the baud rate, number of data bits, and parity type.
Page 156 Chapter 4 Remote Interface Reference RS-232 Interface Configuration DB-9 Serial Connection If your computer or terminal has a 9-pin serial port with a male connector, use the null-modem cable included with the Agilent 34398A Cable Kit. This cable has a 9-pin female connector on each end.
Page 157 Chapter 4 Remote Interface Reference RS-232 Interface Configuration DTR / DSR Handshake Protocol The multimeter is configured as a and uses the (Data Terminal Ready) and of the -232 interface to handshake. The multimeter uses the to send a hold-off signal. The multimeter will accept data from the interface.
Page 158 Chapter 4 Remote Interface Reference RS-232 Interface Configuration The multimeter holds the A form of interface deadlock exists until the controller asserts the line to allow the multimeter to complete the transmission. TRUE You can break the interface deadlock by sending the <Ctrl-C> character, which clears the operation in progress and discards pending output (this is equivalent to the IEEE...
Page 159: Rs-232 Interface Commands
Chapter 4 Remote Interface Reference RS-232 Interface Commands RS-232 Interface Commands Use the front-panel I/O MENU to select the baud rate, parity, and number of data bits (see pages 163 and 164 for more information). SYSTem:LOCal Place the multimeter in the local mode for the front panel are fully functional.
Page 160: An Introduction To The Scpi Language
Chapter 4 Remote Interface Reference An Introduction to the SCPI Language An Introduction to the SCPI Language SCPI (Standard Commands for Programmable Instruments) is an -based instrument command language designed for test and ASCII measurement instruments. Refer to “Simplified Programming Overview,” starting on page 112, for an introduction to the basic techniques used to program the multimeter over the remote interface.
Page 161 Chapter 4 Remote Interface Reference An Introduction to the SCPI Language Command Format Used in This Manual The format used to show commands in this manual is shown below: VOLTage:DC:RANGe {< range The command syntax shows most commands (and some parameters) as a mixture of upper- and lower-case letters.
Page 162 Chapter 4 Remote Interface Reference An Introduction to the SCPI Language Command Separators A colon ( : ) is used to separate a command keyword from a lower-level keyword. You must insert a blank space to separate a parameter from a command keyword.
Page 163 Chapter 4 Remote Interface Reference An Introduction to the SCPI Language Querying Parameter Settings You can query the current value of most parameters by adding a question mark ( ? ) to the command. For example, the following command sets the sample count to 10 readings: "SAMP:COUN 10"...
Page 164 Chapter 4 Remote Interface Reference An Introduction to the SCPI Language IEEE-488.2 Common Commands -488.2 standard defines a set of common commands that IEEE perform functions like reset, self-test, and status operations. Common commands always begin with an asterisk ( * ), are four to five characters in length, and may include one or more parameters.
Page 165: Output Data Formats
Chapter 4 Remote Interface Reference Output Data Formats Boolean Parameters Boolean parameters represent a single binary condition that is either true or false. For a false condition, the multimeter will accept “ ” or “0”. For a true condition, the multimeter will accept “...
Page 166: Using Device Clear To Halt Measurements
Chapter 4 Remote Interface Reference Using Device Clear to Halt Measurements Using Device Clear to Halt Measurements Device clear is an low-level bus message which can be used to IEEE-488 halt measurements in progress. Different programming languages and interface cards provide access to this capability through their IEEE-488 own unique commands.
Page 167: To Set The Gpib Address
Chapter 4 Remote Interface Reference To Set the GPIB Address To Set the GPIB Address Each device on the address. You can set the multimeter’s address to any value between 0 and 31. The address is set to “ 22 ” when the multimeter is shipped from the factory.
Page 168: To Select The Remote Interface
Chapter 4 Remote Interface Reference To Select the Remote Interface To Select the Remote Interface The multimeter is shipped with both an and an RS-232 GPIB the factory. See also “Remote Interface Selection,” on page 92. On/Off Shift < 1 Turn on the front-panel menu. A: MEAS MENU <...
Page 169: To Set The Baud Rate
Chapter 4 Remote Interface Reference To Set the Baud Rate To Set the Baud Rate You can select one of six baud rates for to 9600 baud when the multimeter is shipped from the factory. See also “Baud Rate Selection,” on page 93. On/Off Shift <...
Page 170: To Set The Parity
Chapter 4 Remote Interface Reference To Set the Parity To Set the Parity You can select the parity for configured for even parity with 7 data bits when shipped from the factory. See also “Parity Selection,” on page 93. On/Off Shift <...
Page 171: To Select The Programming Language
Chapter 4 Remote Interface Reference To Select the Programming Language To Select the Programming Language You can select one of three languages to program the multimeter from the selected remote interface. The language is the multimeter is shipped from the factory. See also “Programming Language Selection,”...
Page 172: Alternate Programming Language Compatibility
8840A/8842A multimeter. Remote operation will only allow you to access the functionality of the multimeter language selected. You can take advantage of the full functionality of the 34401A only through the programming language. For more information on selecting the SCPI alternate languages from the front panel menu, see “To Select the...
Page 173 Fluke 8840A/8842A Language Setting All Fluke 8840A or 8842A commands are accepted and executed by the Agilent 34401A with equivalent operations, with the exception of the commands shown below. Refer to your Fluke 8840A or 8842A Instruction Manual for further remote interface programming information.
Page 174: Scpi Compliance Information
Chapter 4 Remote Interface Reference SCPI Compliance Information SCPI Compliance Information The following commands are device-specific to the Agilent 34401A. They are not included in the 1991.0 version of the these commands are designed with the follow all of the syntax rules of the standard.
Page 175: Ieee-488 Compliance Information
Chapter 4 Remote Interface Reference IEEE-488 Compliance Information IEEE-488 Compliance Information Dedicated Hardware Lines Attention Interface Clear Remote Enable Service Request Interrupt IEEE-488.2 Common Commands *CLS *ESE < > enable value *ESE? *ESR? *IDN? *OPC *OPC? *PSC {0|1} *PSC? Addressed Commands Device Clear End or Identify Message Terminator...
Page 177: Chapter 5 Error Messages
Error Messages...
Page 178: Error Messages
Error Messages Errors are retrieved in first-in-first-out ( error returned is the first error that was stored. When you have read all errors from the queue, the The multimeter beeps once each time an error is generated. If more than 20 errors have occurred, the last error stored in the queue (the most recent error) is replaced with -350, “Too many errors”.
Page 179: Execution Errors
Chapter 5 Error Messages Execution Errors Execution Errors Invalid character -101 An invalid character was found in the command string. You may have inserted a character such as #, $, or % in the command header or within a parameter. Example: CONF:VOLT#DC -102 Syntax error Invalid syntax was found in the command string.
Page 180 Chapter 5 Error Messages Execution Errors -112 Program mnemonic too long A command header was received which contained more than the maximum 12 characters allowed. Example: CONFIGURATION:VOLT:DC -113 Undefined header A command was received that is not valid for this multimeter. You may have misspelled the command or it may not be a valid command.
Page 181 Chapter 5 Error Messages Execution Errors -151 Invalid string data An invalid character string was received. Check to see if you have enclosed the character string in single or double quotes and that the string contains valid (the ending quote is missing). -158 String data not allowed A character string was received but is not allowed for the command.
Page 182 Chapter 5 Error Messages Execution Errors -221 Settings conflict This error can be generated in one of the following situations: You sent a CONFigure or MEASure command with autorange enabled and with a fixed resolution. Example: CONF:VOLT:DC DEF,0.1 You turned math on (CALC:STAT ON) and then changed to a math operation that was not valid with the present measurement function.
Page 183 Chapter 5 Error Messages Execution Errors -350 Too many errors The error queue is full because more than 20 errors have occurred. No additional errors are stored until you remove errors from the queue. The error queue is cleared when power has been off, or after a *CLS (clear status) command has been executed.
Page 184 Chapter 5 Error Messages Execution Errors Isolator UART framing error Isolator UART overrun error RS-232 framing error RS-232 overrun error RS-232 parity error Command allowed only with RS-232 There are three commands which are only allowed with the interface: SYSTem:LOCal, SYSTem:REMote, and SYSTem:RWLock. Input buffer overflow Output buffer overflow Insufficient memory...
Page 185: Self-Test Errors
Chapter 5 Error Messages Self-Test Errors Self-Test Errors The following errors indicate failures that may occur during a self-test. Refer to the Service Guide for more information. Front panel does not respond RAM read/write failed A/D sync stuck A/D slope convergence failed Cannot calibrate rundown gain Rundown gain out of range Rundown too noisy...
Page 186: Calibration Errors
Chapter 5 Error Messages Calibration Errors DC current sense failed Ohms 100 uA source failed DC high voltage attenuator failed Ohms 1 mA source failed AC rms zero failed AC rms full scale failed Frequency counter failed Cannot calibrate precharge Unable to sense line frequency I/O processor does not respond I/O processor failed self-test...
Page 187 Chapter 5 Error Messages Calibration Errors Invalid secure code An invalid calibration security code was received when attempting to unsecure or secure the multimeter. You must use the same security code to unsecure the multimeter as was used to secure it, and vice versa. The security code may contain up to 12 alphanumeric characters.
Page 188 Chapter 5 Error Messages Calibration Errors 500V DC correction out of range Precharge DAC convergence failed A/D turnover correction out of range AC flatness DAC convergence failed AC low frequency convergence failed AC low frequency correction out of range AC rms converter noise correction out of range AC rms 100th scale linearity correction out of range Cal checksum failed, secure state Cal checksum failed, string data...
Page 189: Chapter 6 Application Programs
Application Programs...
Page 190 Application Programs This chapter contains several remote interface application programs to help you develop programs for your measurement application. Chapter 4, “Remote Interface Reference,” starting on page 103, lists the syntax for the (Standard Commands for Programmable SCPI Instruments) commands available to program the multimeter. The QuickBASIC example programs are written for the Agilent 82335A â...
Page 191: Using Measure? For A Single Measurement
Chapter 6 Application Programs Using MEASure? for a Single Measurement Using MEASure? for a Single Measurement The following example uses the MEASure? command to make a single ac current measurement. This is the easiest way to program the multimeter for measurements. However, MEASure? does not offer much flexibility.
Page 192: Using Configure With A Math Operation
Chapter 6 Application Programs Using CONFigure with a Math Operation Using CONFigure with a Math Operation The following example uses CONFigure with the dBm math operation. The CONFigure command gives you a little more programming flexibility than the MEASure? command. This allows you to “incrementally”...
Page 193 Chapter 6 Application Programs Using CONFigure with a Math Operation GPIB Operation Using QuickBASIC REM $Include "QBSetup" DEV&=722 INFO1$="*RST" LENGTH1%=LEN(INFO1$) INFO2$="*CLS" LENGTH2%=LEN(INFO2$) INFO3$="CALC:DBM:REF 50" LENGTH3%=LEN(INFO3$) INFO4$="CONF:VOLT:AC 1,0.001" LENGTH4%=LEN(INFO4$) INFO5$="DET:BAND 200" LENGTH5%=LEN(INFO5$) INFO6$="TRIG:COUN 5" LENGTH6%=LEN(INFO6$) INFO7$="TRIG:SOUR IMM" LENGTH7%=LEN(INFO7$) INFO8$="CALC:FUNC DBM" LENGTH8%=LEN(INFO8$) INFO9$="CALC:STAT ON"...
Page 194: Using The Status Registers
Chapter 6 Application Programs Using the Status Registers Using the Status Registers The following example shows how you can use the multimeter’s status registers to determine when a command sequence is completed. For more information, see “The SCPI Status Model,” starting on page 134. The example is shown in BASIC and QuickBASIC (see page 190).
Page 195 Chapter 6 Application Programs Using the Status Registers GPIB Operation Using BASIC (continued) Task=1 WHILE Task=1 DISP "Taking Readings" WAIT .5 DISP "" WAIT .5 END WHILE DISP "AVE = ";Aver; " STOP 380 Read_data: OUTPUT @Dmm; "CALC:AVER:AVER?;MIN?;MAX?" ENTER @Dmm; Aver, Min_rdg, Max_rdg OUTPUT @Dmm;...
Page 196 Chapter 6 Application Programs Using the Status Registers GPIB Operation Using QuickBASIC REM $Include "QBSetup" ISC&=7 DEV&=722 INFO1$="*RST" LENGTH1%=LEN(INFO1$) INFO2$="*CLS" LENGTH2%=LEN(INFO2$) INFO3$="*ESE 1" LENGTH3%=LEN(INFO3$) INFO4$="*SRE 32" LENGTH4%=LEN(INFO4$) INFO5$="*OPC?" LENGTH5%=LEN(INFO5$) INFO6$="CONF:VOLT:DC 10" LENGTH6%=LEN(INFO6$) INFO7$="VOLT:DC:NPLC 10" LENGTH7%=LEN(INFO7$) INFO8$="TRIG:COUN 100" LENGTH8%=LEN(INFO8$) INFO9$="CALC:FUNC AVER;STAT ON" LENGTH9%=LEN(INFO9$) INFO10$="INIT"...
Page 197 Chapter 6 Application Programs Using the Status Registers GPIB Operation Using QuickBASIC (continued) Call IOCLEAR(DEV&) Call IOOUTPUTS(DEV&, INFO1$, LENGTH1%) Call IOOUTPUTS(DEV&, INFO2$, LENGTH2%) ON PEN GOSUB RESULTS PEN ON Call IOPEN(ISC&,0) Call IOOUTPUTS(DEV&, INFO3$, LENGTH3%) Call IOOUTPUTS(DEV&, INFO4$, LENGTH4%) Call IOOUTPUTS(DEV&, INFO5$, LENGTH5%) Call IOENTER(DEV&,Reading) Call IOOUTPUTS(DEV&, INFO6$, LENGTH6%) Call IOOUTPUTS(DEV&, INFO7$, LENGTH7%)
Page 198: Rs-232 Operation Using Quickbasic
PRINT ":SYST:VERS? returned: ", resp$ ’ ’ Send a message to the multimeter’s display, and generate a beep PRINT #1, ":SYST:BEEP;:DISP:TEXT ’34401A’" ’ ’ Configure the multimeter for dc voltage readings, ’ 10 V range, 0.1 V resolution, 4 readings PRINT #1, ":CONF:VOLT:DC 10,0.1;:SAMP:COUN 4"...
Page 199: Rs-232 Operation Using Turbo C
The following example shows how to program an AT personal computer for interrupt-driven sent to the Agilent 34401A and responses received for commands that query information. The following program is written in Turbo C and can be easily modified for use with Microsoft RS-232 Operation Using Turbo C #include <bios.h>...
Page 200 Chapter 6 Application Programs RS-232 Operation Using Turbo C RS-232 Operation Using Turbo C (continued) #define IRQ4_int #define IRQ4_enab #define INT_controller #define End_of_interrupt 0x20 void interrupt int_char_in(void); void send_ctlc(void); #define INT_BUF_size 9000 char int_buf[INT_BUF_size], *int_buf_in unsigned int int_buf_count = 0; unsigned char int_buf_ovfl int main(int argc, char *argv[]) void interrupt (*oldvect)();...
Page 201 Chapter 6 Application Programs RS-232 Operation Using Turbo C RS-232 Operation Using Turbo C (continued) printf("\nEnter command string:\n"); gets(command); strcat(command,"\n"); if(command[0] == 0x19) send_ctlc(); else if(command[0] != ’q’) { for(i=0; i<strlen(command); i++) { /* Wait for DSR and transmitter hold register empty */ while(!(inportb(LSR) &...
Page 202 Chapter 6 Application Programs RS-232 Operation Using Turbo C RS-232 Operation Using Turbo C (continued) void interrupt int_char_in(void) enable(); if(int_buf_count < INT_BUF_size) { *int_buf_in++ = inportb(RDR); int_buf_count++; if(int_buf_in >= int_buf + INT_BUF_size) int_buf_in = int_buf; int_buf_ovfl = 0; else { inportb(RDR);...
Page 203 Measurement Tutorial...
Page 204: Measurement Tutorial
Measurement Tutorial The Agilent 34401A is capable of making highly accurate measurements. In order to achieve the greatest accuracy, you must take the necessary steps to eliminate potential measurement errors. This chapter describes common errors found in measurements and gives suggestions to help you avoid these errors.
Page 205: Chapter 7 Measurement Tutorial
Chapter 7 Measurement Tutorial Loading Errors (dc volts) Loading Errors (dc volts) Measurement loading errors occur when the resistance of the device- under-test ( input resistance. The diagram below shows this error source. To reduce the effects of loading errors, and to minimize noise pickup, you can set the multimeter’s input resistance to greater than 10 G for the 100 mVdc, 1 Vdc, and 10 Vdc ranges.
Page 206: Rejecting Power-Line Noise Voltages
( errors (and their harmonics) will average out to approximately zero. The Agilent 34401A provides three A/D integration times to reject power-line frequency noise (and power-line frequency harmonics). When you apply power to the multimeter, it measures the power-line frequency (50 Hz or 60 Hz), and then determines the proper integration time.
Page 207: Common Mode Rejection (Cmr)
Chapter 7 Measurement Tutorial Common Mode Rejection (CMR) Common Mode Rejection (CMR) Ideally, a multimeter is completely isolated from earth-referenced circuits. However, there is finite resistance between the multimeter’s input LO terminal and earth ground as shown below. This can cause errors when measuring low voltages which are floating relative to earth ground.
Page 208: Noise Caused By Ground Loops
Chapter 7 Measurement Tutorial Noise Caused by Ground Loops Noise Caused by Ground Loops When measuring voltages in circuits where the multimeter and the device-under-test are both referenced to a common earth ground, a “ground loop” is formed. As shown below, any voltage difference between the two ground reference points (V flow through the measurement leads.
Page 209: Resistance Measurements
Chapter 7 Measurement Tutorial Resistance Measurements Resistance Measurements The Agilent 34401A offers two methods for measuring resistance: 2-wire and 4-wire ohms. For both methods, the test current flows from the input HI terminal and then through the resistor being measured. For 2-wire ohms, the voltage drop across the resistor being measured is sensed internal to the multimeter.
Page 210: Removing Test Lead Resistance Errors
10 M 500 nA Settling Time Effects The 34401A has the ability to insert automatic measurement settling delays. These delays are adequate for resistance measurements with less than 200 pF of combined cable and device capacitance. This is particularly important if you are measuring resistances above 100 k . Settling due to RC time constant effects can be quite long.
Page 211: Errors In High Resistance Measurements
Chapter 7 Measurement Tutorial Errors in High Resistance Measurements Errors in High Resistance Measurements When you are measuring large resistances, significant errors can occur due to insulation resistance and surface cleanliness. You should take the necessary precautions to maintain a “clean” high-resistance system. Test leads and fixtures are susceptible to leakage due to moisture absorption in insulating materials and “dirty”...
Page 212: True Rms Ac Measurements
Chapter 7 Measurement Tutorial True RMS AC Measurements True RMS AC Measurements True responding multimeters, like the Agilent 34401A, measure the “heating” potential of an applied voltage. Unlike an “average responding” measurement, a true measurement is used to determine the power dissipated in a resistor. The power is proportional...
Page 213: Crest Factor Errors
All multimeters exhibit measurement errors that are crest factor dependent. Crest factor errors for the Agilent 34401A are shown in the specifications in chapter 8. Note that the crest factor errors do not apply for input signals below 100 Hz when using the slow ac filter.
Page 214 (0.05% + 0.03%). Total Error = 0.08% + 0.15% + 1.4% = 1.6% C.F. = signal crest factor – C.F. F = input fundamental frequency x BW BW = multimeter’s (1 MHz for the Agilent 34401A ) – 3 dB bandwidth...
Page 215: Loading Errors (Ac Volts)
Loading Errors (ac volts) Loading Errors (ac volts) In the ac voltage function, the input of the Agilent 34401A appears as a 1 M resistance in parallel with 100 pF of capacitance. The cabling that you use to connect signals to the multimeter will also add additional capacitance and loading.
Page 216: Measurements Below Full Scale
Temperature Coefficient and Overload Errors The Agilent 34401A uses an ac measurement technique that measures and removes internal offset voltages when you select a different function or range. If you leave the multimeter in the same range for an extended period of time, and the ambient temperature changes significantly (or if the multimeter is not fully warmed up), the internal offsets may change.
Page 217: Low-Level Measurement Errors
Chapter 7 Measurement Tutorial Low-Level Measurement Errors Low-Level Measurement Errors When measuring ac voltages less than 100 mV, be aware that these measurements are especially susceptible to errors introduced by extraneous noise sources. An exposed test lead will act as an antenna and a properly functioning multimeter will measure the signals received.
Page 218: Common Mode Errors
Both source and multimeter effects can degrade this ideal situation. Because of the capacitance between the input LO terminal and earth (approximately 200 pF for the Agilent 34401A), the source will experience different loading depending on how the input is applied. The magnitude of the error is dependent upon the source’s response to this...
Page 219: Frequency And Period Measurement Errors
Chapter 7 Measurement Tutorial Frequency and Period Measurement Errors Frequency and Period Measurement Errors The multimeter uses a reciprocal counting technique to measure frequency and period. This method generates constant measurement resolution for any input frequency. The multimeter’s ac voltage measurement section performs input signal conditioning.
Page 220: Making High-Speed Ac Measurements
Chapter 7 Measurement Tutorial Making High-Speed AC Measurements Making High-Speed AC Measurements The multimeter’s ac voltage and ac current functions implement three different low-frequency filters. These filters allow you to trade-off low frequency accuracy for faster reading speed. The fast filter settles in 0.1 seconds, and is useful for frequencies above 200 Hz.
Page 221: Chapter 8 Specifications
Specifications...
Page 222: Dc Characteristics
Chapter 8 Specifications DC Characteristics DC Characteristics Test Current or Function Range [ 3 ] Burden Voltage DC Voltage 100.0000 mV 1.000000 V 10.00000 V 100.0000 V 1000.000 V Resistance 100.0000 1 mA [ 4 ] 1.000000 k 1 mA 10.00000 k 100 A 100.0000 k...
Page 223 Chapter 8 Specifications DC Characteristics Measuring Characteristics DC Voltage Measurement Method: Continuously integrating, multi-slope III A/D converter. A/D Linearity: 0.0002% of reading + 0.0001% of range Input Resistance: 0.1 V, 1 V, 10 V ranges Selectable 10 M or >10 G 100 V, 1000 V ranges 10 M Input Bias Current:...
Page 224: Ac Characteristics
Chapter 8 Specifications AC Characteristics AC Characteristics Function Range [ 3 ] Frequency True RMS 100.0000 mV 3 Hz – 5 Hz AC Voltage 5 Hz – 10 Hz [ 4 ] 10 Hz – 20 kHz 20 kHz – 50 kHz 50 kHz –...
Page 225 Chapter 8 Specifications AC Characteristics Measuring Characteristics Measurement Noise Rejection [ 8 ] AC CMRR 70 dB True RMS AC Voltage Measurement Method: AC-coupled True RMS – measures the ac component of input with up to 400 Vdc of bias on any range. Crest Factor: Maximum 5:1 at full scale AC Filter Bandwidth:...
Page 226: Frequency And Period Characteristics
Chapter 8 Specifications Frequency and Period Characteristics Frequency and Period Characteristics Function Range [ 3 ] Frequency, 100 mV Period [ 4 ] 750 V Additional Low-Frequency Errors ( % of reading ) Frequency 3 Hz – 5 Hz 5 Hz – 10 Hz 10 Hz –...
Page 227 Chapter 8 Specifications Frequency and Period Characteristics Measuring Characteristics Frequency and Period Measurement Method: Reciprocal-counting technique. AC-coupled input using the ac voltage measurement function. Voltage Ranges: 100 mV rms full scale to 750 V rms. Auto or manual ranging. Gate Time: 10 ms, 100 ms, or 1 sec Settling Considerations Errors will occur when attempting to measure the frequency or...
Page 228: General Information
Chapter 8 Specifications General Information General Information General Specifications Power Supply: 100 V / 120 V / 220 V / 240 V 10%. Power Line Frequency: 45 Hz to 66 Hz and 360 Hz to 440 Hz. Automatically sensed at power-on. Power Consumption: 25 VA peak ( 10 W average ) Operating Environment:...
Page 229: Product Dimensions
Chapter 8 Specifications Product Dimensions Product Dimensions 103.8 mm 261.1 mm 379.4 mm 88. 5 mm 212. 6 mm 348. 3 mm All dimensions are shown in millimeters.
Page 230: To Calculate Total Measurement Error
Chapter 8 Specifications To Calculate Total Measurement Error To Calculate Total Measurement Error Each specification includes correction factors which account for errors present due to operational limitations of the multimeter. This section explains these errors and shows how to apply them to your measurements. Refer to “Interpreting Multimeter Specifications,”...
Page 231 Chapter 8 Specifications To Calculate Total Measurement Error Understanding the “ % of range ” Error The range error compensates for inaccuracies that result from the function and range you select. The range error contributes a constant error, expressed as a percent of range, independent of the input signal level.
Page 232: Interpreting Multimeter Specifications
“ ” digit. For example, the Agilent 34401A can measure 9.99999 Vdc on the 10 V range. This represents six full digits of resolution. The multimeter can also overrange on the 10 V range and measure up to a maximum of 12.00000 Vdc.
Page 233 This means that you can achieve greater actual measurement precision for a specific accuracy specification number. The Agilent 34401A is designed and tested to meet performance better than mean 4 sigma of the published accuracy specifications.
Page 234 Chapter 8 Specifications Interpreting Multimeter Specifications Transfer Accuracy Transfer accuracy refers to the error introduced by the multimeter due to noise and short-term drift. This error becomes apparent when comparing two nearly-equal signals for the purpose of “transferring” the known accuracy of one device to the other. 24-Hour Accuracy The 24-hour accuracy specification indicates the multimeter’s relative accuracy over its full measurement range for short time intervals and...
Page 235: Configuring For Highest Accuracy Measurements
Chapter 8 Specifications Configuring for Highest Accuracy Measurements Configuring for Highest Accuracy Measurements The measurement configurations shown below assume that the multimeter is in its power-on or reset state. It is also assumed that manual ranging is enabled to ensure proper full scale range selection. DC Voltage, DC Current, and Resistance Measurements: Set the resolution to 6 digits (you can use the 6 digits slow mode for further noise reduction).
Page 237: Index
Index If you have questions relating to the operation of the multimeter, call 1-800-452-4844 in the United States, or contact your nearest Agilent Sales Office. “ ” digit, 21, 54 2-wire ohms See two-wire ohms 34398A Cable Kit, 149 34399A Adapter Kit, 149 3478A compatibility, 166 34812A BenchLink Software, 1 4-wire ohms...
Page 238: Declaration Of Conformity
Index DATA:FEED, 65, 126, 130 DATA:FEED?, 65, 126, 130 DATA:POINts?, 84, 133 data logging to printer, 91, 160 data types (SCPI), 158 data formats, output, 159 dB measurements description, 40, 67 front-panel, 40 functions allowed, 63, 124 relative value, 40, 67 dBm measurements description, 41, 68 front-panel, 41...
Page 239 Index gate time, 58 GPIB (IEEE-488) address displayed at power-on, 13 factory setting, 91 setting the, 91, 161 TALK ONLY mode, 91, 160 compliance information, 168 connector location, 5 selecting interface, 92, 162 ground, chassis, 5 ground loop noise, 202 Group Execute Trigger (GET), 75 “half”...
Page 240 Index menu examples, 31-36 overview, 3 messages displayed, 30 quick reference, 27-28 tree diagram, 29 messages displayed front-panel, 87 menu, 30 message terminators, 157 min-max measurements beeper control, 88 description, 39, 63 front-panel, 39 functions allowed, 63, 124 noise ground loop, 202 magnetic loops, 201 power-line voltage, 200 noise pickup, 53, 199...
Page 241 Index ranging autoranging, 20, 61 front-panel keys, 20 overload, 61, 142 selecting, 20 ratio (dcv:dcv) measurements connections, 44 front panel, 44 math functions allowed, 63, 124 selecting, 45 READ?, 114, 130 reading hold beeper control, 88 description, 43, 82 front-panel, 43 sensitivity band, 43, 82 reading memory functions allowed, 46, 84...
Page 242 Index status register commands, 144 description, 134 diagram, 135 enable register, 134 event register, 134 *STB?, 138, 145 stop bits, 148 storing readings functions allowed, 46, 84 number of readings stored, 84 retrieving readings, 46 storing readings, 46 string length calibration message, 99 displayed message, 87 error queue, 85...

Agilent Technologies 34401A User Manual

Table of Contents

Chapter 1 Quick Start

Chapter 2 Front-Panel Menu Operation

Chapter 3 Features and Functions

Chapter 4 Remote Interface Reference

Remote Interface Reference

Chapter 5 Error Messages

Chapter 6 Application Programs

Chapter 7 Measurement Tutorial

Chapter 8 Specifications

Quick Links

Chapters

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Summary of Contents for Agilent Technologies 34401A