Casio WK-1600 User Manual page 65

Press the key
MIDI OUT Terminal
Release the key
MIDI OUT Terminal
NOTE
The pitch of a note depends on the tone that is being used, as shown in
the "Note Table" on page A-1. Whenever this keyboard receives a note
number that is outside its range for that tone, the same tone in the nearest
available octave is substituted.
PROGRAM CHANGE
This is the tone select message. PROGRAM CHANGE can contain
tone data within the range of 0 to 127.
A PROGRAM CHANGE message is sent out through the keyboard's
MIDI OUT terminal whenever you manually change its tone num-
ber. Receipt of a PROGRAM CHANGE message from an external
device changes the tone setting of this keyboard.
PITCH BEND
This message carries pitch bend information for sliding pitch upwards
or downwards during keyboard play.
Performing a pitch bend operation on this keyboard simultaneously
changes the pitch of the built-in sound source and sends a PITCH
BEND message out through the MIDI OUT terminal.
CONTROL CHANGE
This message adds effects such as vibrato and volume changes. CON-
TROL CHANGE data includes a control number (to identify the ef-
fect type) and a control value (to specify the on/off status and depth
of the effect).
The following is a list of data that can be send or received using CON-
TROL CHANGE.
Effect
BANK SELECT* 1
Modulation
Volume
Pan
Expression
Hold1
Sostenuto
Soft Pedal
Effect depth
RPN* 2
Data Entry
*1 The BANK SELECT setting of PROGRAM CHANGE can be used
to access any of this keyboard's 232 tones when selecting tones on
this keyboard from an external device. The 232 tones are divided
between four banks, as described below.
Bank 0: 128 General MIDI tones (PROGRAM CHANGE 0 to 127)
Bank 1: 64 variation tones (PROGRAM CHANGE 0 to 63)
Bank 2: 8 drum sets (PROGRAM CHANGE 0 to 7)
Bank 3: 32 user tones (PROGRAM CHANGE 0 to 31)
733A-E-065A
WK-1800/1600(E)-60~66
NOTE ON
• Note number (tone)
• Velocity (volume)
NOTE OFF
• Note number (tone)
• Velocity (00)
Control Number
0/32
1
7
10
11
64
66
67
91
100 / 101
6 / 38
Page 63
Immediately prior to sending the PROGRAM CHANGE message,
send two successive CONTROL CHANGE messages containing
the following data.
CONTROL NUMBER=0 CONTROL VALUE=<bank number>
CONTROL NUMBER=32 CONTROL VALUE= 0
NOTE
Data received by the sound source of this keyboard over MIDI Channel 10
is always treated as drum set data, and can be sounded using one of the
eight drum set sounds only. Because of this, PROGRAM CHANGE 0
through 7 always corresponds to drum set tones, so BANK SELECT data
is not necessary when PROGRAM CHANGE is received over channel 10.
*2 "RPN" stands for "Registered Parameter Number", which is a spe-
cial control change number used when combining multiple con-
trol changes. The parameter being controlled is selected using the
control values of control numbers 100 and 101, and then settings
are made using the control values of DATA ENTRY (control num-
bers 6 and 38).
This keyboard supports pitch bend sense, coarse tune, and fine
tune RPNs sent from other MIDI machines.
NOTE
Sustain (CONTROL NUMBER 64), sostenuto (CONTROL NUMBER 66),
and soft (CONTROL NUMBER 67) effects applied using the foot pedal
can also be sent and received.
ALL SOUND OFF
This message forces all sound being produced over the current chan-
nel to stop.
ALL NOTES OFF
This message causes all notes being produced over the current chan-
nel due to NOTE ON messages to stop. This message is valid only for
MIDI data notes.
RESET ALL CONTROLLERS
This messages initializes pitch bend and all other control changes.
*
SYSTEM EXCLUSIVE
This message is used to control system exclusives, which are fine ad-
justments that are unique to a particular MIDI device. Originally, sys-
tem exclusives were unique to a particular model, but now there are
also universal system exclusives that are applicable to machines that
are different models and even produced by different manufacturers.
The following are the system exclusive messages supported by this
keyboard.
GM SYSTEM ON ([F0] [7E] [7F] [09] [01] [F7])
GM SYSTEM ON is used by an external machine to turn on this key-
board's GM system. "GM" stands for "General MIDI".
• GM SYSTEM ON takes more time to process than other messages,
so it can take more than 100 msec until the next message is pro-
cessed.
GM SYSTEM OFF ([F0] [7E] [7F] [09] [02] [F7])
GM SYSTEM OFF is used by an external device to turn off this key-
board's GM system.
EFFECT CHANGE ([F0] [44] [0B] [09] [XX] [F7])
EFFECT CHANGE switches between the keyboard's internal digital
effects. The "XX" parameter in the syntax shown above stands for a
hexadecimal value that represents an effect number sent from an ex-
ternal machine. A list of the hexadecimal values that can be specified
and their meanings is shown below.
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