Ospf; Dynamic Routing - D-Link NetDefendOS User Manual

4.6. OSPF

The feature called Dynamic Routing is implemented in NetDefendOS using the Open Shortest Path
First (OSPF) architecture.
This section begins by looking generally at what dynamic routing is and how it can be
implemented. It then goes on to look at how OSPF can provide dynamic routing followed by a
description of how a simple OSPF network can be set up.

4.6.1. Dynamic Routing

Before looking at OSPF in detail this section will discuss generally the concept of Dynamic routing
and what type of dynamic routing OSPF provides. It introduces important concepts in dynamic
routing and in OSPF.
Differences to Static Routing
Dynamic routing is different to static routing in that a routing network device, such as a
NetDefend Firewall, can adapt to changes of network topology automatically.
Dynamic routing involves first learning about all the directly connected networks and then
getting further routing information from other connected routers specifying which networks
they are connected to. All this routing information is then processed and the most suitable
routes for both locally connected and remotely connected destinations are added into local
routing tables.
Dynamic routing responds to routing updates dynamically but has some disadvantages in that it
can be more susceptible to certain problems such as routing loops. One of two types of
algorithms are generally used to implement the dynamic routing mechanism:
• A Distance Vector (DV) algorithm.
• A Link State (LS) algorithm.
How a router decides the optimal or "best" route and shares updated information with other
routers depends on the type of algorithm used. The two algorithm types will be discussed next.
Distance Vector Algorithms
A Distance vector algorithm is a decentralized routing algorithm that computes the best path in a
distributed way.
Each router in a network computes the "costs" of its own attached links, and shares routing
information only with its neighboring routers. Each router determines the least-cost path to a
destination by iterative computation and also using information exchanged with its neighbors.
Routing Information Protocol (RIP) is a well-known DV algorithm for router information exchange
and operates by sending regular update messages and reflecting routing changes in routing
tables. Path determination is based on the "length" of the path which is the number of
intermediate routers (also known as "hops") to the destination.
Note: OSPF is not available on all NetDefend models
The OSPF feature is not available on the DFL-260E.
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Chapter 4: Routing