National Instruments AutoCode NI MATRIXx Manuals

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National Instruments AutoCode NI MATRIXx Reference

National Instruments AutoCode NI MATRIXx Reference (250 pages)

National Instruments NI MATRIXx Reference Manual

Brand: National Instruments | Category: Network Card | Size: 2 MB

Table of Contents

Important Information
3
Warranty
3
Table of Contents
5
Chapter 1 Introduction

14
- Manual Organization
  14
- General Information
  15
- Configuration File
  15
- Language-Specific Information
  15
- Structure and Content of the Generated Code
  16
- Using Matrixx Help
  16
  - Additional Netscape Information
    16
- Related Publications
  17
Chapter 2 C Language Reference

18
Chapter 3 Ada Language Reference

63
- Stand-Alone Simulation
  63
  - Supported Ada Compilers for the Stand-Alone Library
    63
- Supplied Templates
  64
  - Ada_Rt.tpl Template
    64
  - Ada_Sim.tpl Template
    64
  - Ada_Fxpt_Sys.tpl Template
    64
  - Ada_Fxpt_Sub.tpl Template
    64
- Stand-Alone Library
  65
  - System-Specific Files
    65
    
    Data Types
    67
  - Target-Specific Utilities
    68
    
    Enable( ), Disable( ), and Background( ) Procedures
    69
    
    Error Procedure( ) Procedure
    69
    
    Implementation_Initialize( ) Procedure
    70
    
    External_Input ( ) Procedure
    72
    
    Implementation_Terminate( ) Procedure
    72
    
    External_Output( ) Procedure
    73
- Usercode Blocks
  73
  - Linking Handwritten Ucbs with Autocode Applications
    73
  - Calling Ucbs
    74
- Procedure Superblocks
  76
  - Generating Reusable Procedures
    76
  - Linking Procedures with Real-Time Applications or Simulator
    76
- Ada Fixed-Point Arithmetic
  78
  - How to Generate Real-Time Code
    78
  - Fixed-Point Autocode/Ada Architecture
    78
    
    Fixed-Point Data Types
    79
    
    Generic Functions
    79
    
    Instantiated Functions
    79
    
    Package Dependencies
    80
  - Generated Code with Fixed-Point Variables
    81
  - User Types
    81
    
    System-Level Parameters to Generate User Types
    82
  - Overflow Protection
    82
  - Stand-Alone Files
    83
  - Compilation Example
    83
  - Fixed-Point Type Declarations
    85
  - Generic Functions
    85
  - Bit-Wise Functions
    88
  - Instantiated Functions Package
    88
    
    Operator Instantiations
    88
    
    Conversion Function Instantiations
    89
    
    Sample Package
    90
  - Addition and Subtraction Functions
    91
  - Multiplication and Division Functions
    93
    
    32-Bit Division
    93
    
    32-Bit Multiplication
    93
  - Conversion Functions
    93
    
    Explicit Rounding Conversion
    94
    
    Language-Defined Conversion
    94
    
    Truncation Conversion
    94
  - Using System-Level Parameters to Generate Instantiations
    95
  - Using Subsystem-Level Parameters to Generate Instantiations
    95
    
    System Scope Operators and Conversions
    96
  - Known Ada Compiler Problems
    97
  - Comparing Results to Systembuild's Simulator
    97
  - No-Op Conversion Function
    98
Chapter 4 Generating Code for Real-Time Operating Systems

100
- Real-Time Operating System Configuration File
  100
  - Table Syntax
    101
  - Configuration Items
    101
    
    File Comments
    102
    
    Table Column Contents
    102
    
    Table Naming Convention
    102
    
    Table Orderings
    102
  - RTOS Configuration File Contents
    102
    
    Processors Table
    102
    
    Scheduler Priority Table
    103
    
    Subsystem Table
    103
    
    Interrupt Procedure Superblock Table
    104
    
    Background Procedure Superblock Table
    105
    
    Processor IP Name Table
    106
    
    Startup Procedure Superblock Table
    106
    
    Default Value
    107
    
    Version Table
    107
  - Using the Configuration File
    107
Chapter 5 Generated Code Architecture

109
- Symbolic Name Creation
  109
  - Default Names
    109
  - Signal Naming
    110
  - Duplicate Names
    110
  - Selection of a Signal Name
    110
    
    Subsystem and Procedure Boundaries
    110
  - Typecheck Feature and Data Types
    110
- Global Storage
  111
  - Percent Vars (%Var)
    111
  - Global Variable Blocks
    111
    
    Sequencing Variable Blocks
    111
    
    Global Variable Block and %Var Equivalence
    112
    
    Optimization for Read-From Variable Blocks
    112
  - Global Scope Signal Capability
    112
- Subsystems
  113
  - Discrete and Continuous Superblocks Versus Subsystems
    113
    
    Top-Level Superblock
    114
  - Block Ordering
    114
  - Interface Layers
    114
  - Scheduler External Interface Layer
    115
  - System External Interface Layer
    115
  - Discrete Subsystem Interface Layer
    116
    
    Multi-Rate System
    116
    
    Sample and Hold
    116
    
    Single-Rate System
    116
  - Static Data Within Subsystems
    117
    
    Iinfo
    117
    
    R_P and I_P
    117
    
    State Data
    117
    
    Procedure Data
    118
  - Pre-Init Phase
    118
  - Init, Output, and State Phases
    118
  - Copy Back and Duplicates
    118
  - Error Handling
    119
- Standard Procedures
  119
  - Structure-Based Interface
    119
  - Unrolled Interface
    120
  - Phases and Error Handling
    120
  - Referenced Percent Variables
    120
  - Procedure Arguments
    123
    
    U, Y, S, and I
    123
  - Extended Procedure Information Structure
    126
    
    Caller Identification
    126
    
    Compatibility Issues
    127
- Macro Procedure
  128
  - Interface
    128
- Asynchronous Procedures
  129
  - Interrupt
    129
  - Background
    129
  - Startup
    129
    
    Changing %Var Values During Startup
    130
- Condition Block
  130
  - Default Mode
    130
  - No-Default Mode
    130
  - Sequential Mode
    130
- Blockscript Block
  130
  - Inputs and Outputs
    131
  - Environment Variables
    132
  - Local Variables
    132
  - Init, Output, and State Phases
    133
    
    Default Phase
    134
- States
  134
  - Local Variables and Phases
    135
  - Discrete Semantics
    135
  - Continuous Semantics
    137
- Looping Concepts
  137
  - Terminology
    137
  - Loops and Scalar Code
    137
  - Rolling Loops with Scalar Code Generation
    138
  - Vectorized Code
    139
  - Types of Loops
    139
  - Examples of Rolled and Unrolled Loops
    140
- Parameters
  141
  - Using Parameters Instead of States in a Discrete Model
    141
- Optimizations
  143
  - Constant Propagation/Hard-Coding
    143
  - Dead Code Elimination
    143
  - Implicit Type Conversion
    144
- Special Directives
  144
- Usercode Block
  145
  - Phases of the UCB
    145
  - Indirect Terms
    145
  - Parameterized UCB Callout
    146
- Software Constructs
  147
  - Ifthenelse Block
    147
  - WHILE Block
    147
  - BREAK Block
    148
  - CONTINUE Block
    148
  - Local Variable Block
    148
  - Sequencer Block
    149
- Difference between Local and Global Variable Blocks
  149
  - Scope
    149
  - Lifetime
    149
- Continuous Subsystem
  149
  - Explicit Phases
    150
  - Integrator
    150
  - Limitations
    150
- Multiprocessor Code Generation
  151
  - Shared Memory Architecture
    151
  - Distributed Memory Architecture
    152
  - Shared Memory Callouts
    152
    
    Callout Naming Convention
    152
  - Mapping Command Options
    153
  - Fixed-Point Support for Multiprocessor Autocode
    153
    
    Definitions and Conventions
    153
    
    Shared Memory Fixed-Point Callouts in Autocode/C
    154
    
    Shared Variable Block Support
    155
    
    Shared Memory Callout Option
    158
    
    Callout Pairs
    159
    
    Global Variable Block Callouts
    159
    
    Non-Shared (Local) Global Variable Blocks
    159
    
    Shared Global Variable Blocks
    161
Chapter 6 Vectorized Code Generation

164
- Introduction
  164
  - How Code Is Generated
    164
    
    Scalar Gain Block Example
    165
    
    Vectorized Gain Block Example
    166
    
    Array Subscripts
    167
  - Signal Connectivity
    168
    
    Block Inputs
    168
    
    Block Outputs
    168
- Vectorization Modes
  170
  - Maximal Vectorization
    170
  - Mixed Vectorization
    170
    
    Vector Labels and Names
    171
  - Example
    171
- Vectorization Features
  177
  - Multiple Arrays Within a Block
    178
  - Split-Merge Inefficiency
    180
    
    Split Vector
    180
    
    Merge
    182
  - External Outputs
    184
    
    Copy-Back
    184
    
    Eliminating Copy-Back
    186
    
    Other Copy-Back Scenarios
    186
  - Vectorized Standard Procedure Interface
    186
  - Ada Array Aggregates and Slices
    188
- Vectorization of the Blockscript Block
  190
- Matrix Outputs
  191
Chapter 7 Code Optimization

192
- Read from Variable Blocks
  192
- Restart Capability
  196
- Merging INIT Sections
  199
- Reuse of Temporary Block Outputs
  202
  - Reuse Temporaries as Specified
    202
  - Maximal Reuse of Temporaries
    202
- Constant Propagation
  204
- Optimizing with Matrix Blocks
  207
  - Optimizing with Constant Blocks
    207
  - Optimizing with Callout Blocks
    208
    
    Optimizing with Division Blocks
    208
    
    Optimizing with Inverse Blocks
    208
- Summary
  210
Chapter 8 Autocode Sim Cdelay Scheduler

211
- Introduction
  211
- Task Posting Policies
  212
- Standard Autocode Scheduler
  213
  - Scheduler Pipeline
    215
  - Managing Datastores in the Scheduler
    217
- Sim Cdelay Scheduler
  219
- State Transition Diagrams of Tasks under Sim Cdelay
  220
- Implementing the Sim Cdelay Autocode Scheduler
  222
  - Implementation Details
    222
  - Datastore Priority Problem
    223
- Using the Sim Cdelay Scheduler
  224
- Template Configuration for Enhanced Performance
  225
- Shortcomings of the Sim Cdelay Scheduler
  226
Chapter 9 Global Scope Signals and Parameterless Procedures

228
- Introduction
  228
- Data Monitoring/Injection
  229
  - Specifying Monitored Signals
    229
  - Generating Code for Monitored Signals
    230
  - Limitations
    231
    
    Connection to External Output
    231
    
    Monitored Signals Within a Procedure Superblock
    231
    
    Monitoring Procedure External Outputs
    231
    
    Unsupported Blocks
    231
    
    Variable Block Aliasing
    231
- Parameterless Procedure
  232
  - Specifying Parameterless Procedure Interface
    232
    
    Input Specification
    232
    
    Output Specification
    233
  - Using a Parameterless Procedure
    233
    
    Global Output Connection
    233
    
    Global-To-Global Input Connection
    233
  - Condition Block Code Generation
    234
  - Reusing a Parameterless Procedure
    234
  - Generating Code for Parameterless Procedures
    234
  - Issues and Limitations
    235
    
    Communication between Subsystems
    235
    
    Systembuild Simulator
    235
    
    Variable Blocks Versus Global Scope
    235
    
    Connection to External Output
    236
  - Recommendations
    236
    
    Explicit Sequencing
    236
    
    Model Documentation
    236
    
    Naming Convention
    236
    
    Analyzer and Autocode Warnings
    237
    
    Changing Scope Class
    237
- Command Options
  237
- Technical Support and Professional Services
  238

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