Geokon 4100-8 Manuals

Manuals and User Guides for Geokon 4100-8. We have 1 Geokon 4100-8 manual available for free PDF download: Instruction Manual

Geokon 4100-8 Instruction Manual (48 pages)

Vibrating Wire Strain Gauges

Brand: Geokon | Category: Accessories | Size: 2 MB

Table of Contents
5
Introduction
11
Figure 1: Model 4100 Vibrating Wire Strain Gauge
11
Figure 2: Model 4150 Vibrating Wire Strain Gauge
12
Figure 3: Model 4151 Vibrating Wire Strain Gauge
12
Preliminary Checks
13
Using a Readout
13
Using an Ohmmeter
13
Instrument Protection
14
Cable Splicing and Termination
14
Protection from Mechanical Damage
14
Securing Cables
14
Cover Plates
14
Figure 4: Model 4100 Cover Plate - Top View
15
Figure 5: Model 4150 Cover Plate - Top View
15
Figure 6: Cover Plate - End View
15
Cable and Connector Protection
16
Protection from Corrosion
16
Figure 7: Cover Plate Installation, Top View
16
Figure 8: Cover Plate Installation, Side View
16
Protection from Electrical Noise
17
Protection from Sunlight and Temperature Changes
17
Lightning Protection
17
Figure 9: Lightning Protection Scheme
18
Gauge Installation
19
Adjusting the Gauge Wire Tension
19
Installing the 4100/4150 Via Spot Welding
19
Prepare the Surface
19
Spot Weld Test Strips
19
Table 1: Guide to Initial Tension Settings
19
Spot Welding the 4100 Gauge
20
Spot Welding the 4150 Gauge
20
Figure 10: Peel Test
20
Figure 11: Spot-Welding Sequence, Outer Rows (4100)
20
Figure 12: Spot Welding Sequence, Outer Rows (4150)
20
Welding the Second End Piece
21
Installing Collar Shims
21
Figure 13: Spot Welding Sequence, Inner Rows
21
Figure 14: Using the Alignment Tool
21
Figure 15: Collar Shim
22
Figure 16: Welding the Collar Shim in Place
22
Figure 17: Completed Collar Shim
22
Installing the Plucking Coil Housing (Model 4100 Only)
23
Installing the Gauge Cover (Model 4150 Only)
23
Securing the 4150 Gauge Cable
23
Installing the 4100/4150 Via Epoxy Bonding
23
Figure 18: Spot Welded Cover Plate
23
Installing the 4151 Strain Gauge
25
Figure 19: Model 4151 Strain Gauge Installation
25
Gauge Location
26
End Effects
26
Welding Effects
26
Bending Moments
26
Figure 20: Strain Gauges Mounted on Central Web
26
Equation 1: Axial Stress Calculation
27
Equation 2: Stress Due to Bending on Axis Yy
27
Equation 3: Stress Due to Bending on Axis XX
27
Equation 4: Maximum Stress
27
Figure 21: Strain Gauges Mounted on Flanges
28
Figure 22: Axial Strain Measurement/Bending Moment about Yy Axis
28
Figure 23: Axial Strain and Bending Moment about XX Axis
29
Figure 24: Axial Strain and Bending Moment about Axis
29
Taking Readings
30
Strain Gauge Readout Positions
30
Gk-404 Vibrating Wire Readout
30
Operating the Gk-404
30
Figure 25: Gk-404 Readout
30
Figure 26: Lemo Connector to Gk-404
30
Table 2: Strain Gauge Readout Positions
30
Gk-405 Vibrating Wire Readout
31
Connecting Sensors with 10-Pin Bulkhead Connectors Attached
31
Connecting Sensors with Bare Leads
31
Operating the Gk-405
31
Figure 27: Gk-405 Readout
31
Measuring Temperatures
32
Data Reduction
33
Conversion of the Readings to Strain Changes
33
Converting Strains to Stresses
33
Equation 5: Theoretical Microstrain
33
Equation 6: Strain Calculation
33
Troubleshooting
34
Appendix A. Specifications
35
Vibrating Wire Strain Gauge
35
Thermistor
35
Figure 28: Gauge Assembly Dimensions
35
Figure 29: Cover Assembly Dimensions
35
Table 3: Specifications
35
Appendix B. Theory of Operation
36
Appendix C. Thermistor Temperature Derivation
38
3Kω Thermistor Resistance
38
Table 4: 3Kω Thermistor Resistance
38
Equation 7: 3Kω Thermistor Resistance
38
10Kω Thermistor Resistance
39
Table 5: 10Kω Thermistor Resistance
39
Equation 8: 10Kω Thermistor Resistance
39
Appendix D. Temperature Correction When Used on Concrete
40
Equation 9: Thermal Concrete Strains
40
Equation 10: Actual Strain
40
Equation 11: Strain Due to Load Changes Only
40
Appendix E. Temperature Effects
41
Equation 12: External Load Stress Only
41
Equation 13: Free Field Thermal Strains
41
Equation 14: Actual Strain
41
Appendix F. Calculations from Three Strain Gauges
42
Figure 30: Three Strain Gauges Mounted on a Circular Pipe
42
Equation 15: Average Axial Strain
42
Equation 16: Maximum Bending Strain Around the Yy Axis
42
Equation 17: Maximum Bending Strain Around the XX Axis
42
Equation 18: Maximum Strain
42
Appendix G. Model 4150-5 Extended Range Strain Gauge
43
Equation 19: Model 4150-5 Temperature Effects
43
Appendix H. Parts List
44
Table 6: Model 4100/4150 Series Model and Parts List
44

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