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Emission Control Systems-California
Crankcase
The
engine
crankcase
breather outlet
incorporates an
oil separator
flame-trap
emission
(arrester)
in the top of the valve rocker cover
which
is connected by hoses to
control
the controlled depression chamber between the piston and the throttle
disc
of
the
carburetter.
Piston blowby fumes are drawn into the
depression
chamber
of
the
carburette r
from the rocker cover
,
and are jo
ined
by purged
air
from the
primary charcoal canister of the fuel
evaporative
loss system
.
These fumes
combine with the inlet charge for combustion in the normal way.
Exhaust
The
exhaus
t
emission
control
system is designed to give the required degree of
emission
control
of the
carbon
monoxide, unburnt
hydrocarbons
and oxides of nitrogen
control
content of exhau
st
gases.
The
emission
control
system is a combination of
engine
components and air
injection
techniques and
consists
of
a special
carburetter, air injection into the
exhaust manifold and
exhaust gas
recirculation.
THE EMISSION CONTROL COMPONENTS
1.
Primary
cha
rcoal
adsor ption canister
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The
catalytic converter
is
fitted
into the exhaust
system in order to reduce
car
bo n
monoxide and
hydrocarbon
emission
s.
The
carburetter is man
ufactured
t
pecial exha
ust
emission specification and
is tuned to
give the
maximum erni
i n
control
consistent with retai
ning
vehicle
performance and
drivability.
The
meterin g
needle is
arranged in
such a manner
that it is
always lightly spring
loaded
against the side of
the
jet
to ensure con-
sistency of
fuel
metering.
A
thrott le
by-pass valve
limits
the
inlet
ma
nifold
depression
and
ensures that
durin
g
conditions of engine
overrun the
a
ir/fuel
mixture enters
the
engine
cylinders
in a burnable condition
consistent
with low
emission
levels.
The
carburetter is
manufactured t
pecial
exha
ust
emission specification and
is tuned to
give the
maximum emi i
n control
consistent
with
retainin g vehicle
performance
and
drivability. The m
tering
needle is
arranged in such
a manner
that it is
always lightly spring
loaded
against
the side
of the
jet
to ensure con-
comoustlon In
rne
englll
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The exhaust gas recirculation
valve
mounted
on
the
exha ust manifold will
re-circulate a
controlled qua ntity of the exhaust
gases to reduce
comb
ustion
chamber
temperature.
When the gulp
valve
opens,
a
small
q ia nti ty
f
air
is
admitted directly into the
inlet manifold
to
lean off
the
rich
air/fLl
"I
n i
ture
which is present in the
manifold
under cond
itions
immediately
f
II
win
1
thr
tt
le
closure .
This
mixture, having
been redu
ced to
a burn
ab le c
n
lition, '
n
bines
with
engine inlet
charge
for
combustion in the
engine
cylind
rs
in
the
nor
mal
way.
An air pump
mounted on
the front
of
the
engine, and belt driven
from
the
crankshaft
pulley,
suppli
es
air
under pressure through
a
hose,
a check valve,
and
distrib ution
pipe to
the
exha u
t
manifold.
The check valve prevents high
pressure
exhaust
gases
from
blowing back
into
the
pump due to
,
for exam
ple,
pump drive
failure.
The
quantity
of
air-polluting elements
in the gases
leaving
the
exhaust pipe is
reduced by adding
air to
the hot gases immediately they leave
the combustion
chambers of the
engine. The
injection of
air
into the
exhaust gases
promotes a
continued
conversion of the undesirable hydrocarbon
and carbon
monox
ide
components of the
exhaust
gases to
relative
ly
harmless carbo n dioxide and water.
7N DlLi l D
20
15
15. Air injection
pipe
16. Air pump
17. Check valve
18. Air temperature control valve
19. Hot air pipe
20. Exhaust gas recirculation valve
21. E.G.R.
valve
pipe
22. E.G.R. valve flame trap
23. E.G
.R. valve
flame trap line to carburetter
24. Flame trap line to
E.G.R. valve
25. Dist
ributor
flame trap
26. Distributor flame trap line to carburetter
27.
Flame trap line to distr
ibutor
vacuum unit
28.
Air vent pipe
15. Air injection pipe
1/~-
{
19 13
29/
8
18
12
·5
1. Primary cha
rcoal
adsor ption canister
2. Vapour lines
3.
Purge line
4. Connecting pipe
5.
Secondary
charcoal adsorption
canister
6. Restricted
connection
7.
Rest
rictor
8.
Sealed
oil filler
cap
9.
Oil
separator/flame
trap (ar rester)
10.
Fuel pipe
11. Fuel pump
12.
Running-on cont
rol
valve
13. Sensing pipe
14.
Running-on control hose
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