Funktion-one F81 User Manual
  1. Manuals
  2. Brands
  3. Funktion-one Manuals
  4. Speakers
  5. F81
  6. User manual

Funktion-one F81 User Manual

Hide thumbs
Table of Contents

Advertisement

Quick Links

F81

User Guide

www.funktion-one.com
© Funktion One Research Limited 2011

Advertisement

Table of Contents
loading
Need help?

Need help?

Do you have a question about the F81 and is the answer not in the manual?

Questions and answers

Related Manuals for Funktion-one F81

Summary of Contents for Funktion-one F81

  • Page 1: F81 User Guide

    User Guide www.funktion-one.com © Funktion One Research Limited 2011...

  • Page 2: Table Of Contents

    Contents F81 User Guide ........................... 1 Thank you ..........................3 Receiving and unpacking ......................3 Handling ............................ 4 Introduction ..........................4 Features ............................4 Specifications ..........................5 Safety first ..........................6 Mechanical safety ......................... 6 Electrical and fire safety ....................... 6 Hearing safety ..........................

  • Page 3: Thank You

    We know that you’ll be eager to install your F81 system and get it up and running immediately, but reading this user guide will help you to achieve the best performance - just as Funktion One intended.

  • Page 4: Handling

    Inform your dealer immediately if your shipment is incomplete or any of its contents are found to be damaged or missing. We suggest that you keep some of the original F81 cartons in case you have to return a unit for repair or replacement. Funktion One Research Limited and its distributors cannot be held liable for product damaged through the use of non-approved packaging, shipping or handling methods.

  • Page 5: Specifications

    2 x NL4 Speakon or Phoenix installation connector Fittings: 2 x M6 yoke mounting bushes (one per side) 2 x M6 wall bracket bushes on rear Weight: 5.2kg (11.5lb) Dimensions Fig 4.2-1 (all dimensions in millimetres and feet & inches) www.funktion-one.com © Funktion One Research Limited 2011...

  • Page 6: Safety First

    Ensure that rigging and installation work is completed by fully qualified and experienced installation personnel Your F81 loudspeaker system comes complete with an M6 bush on each side for yoke mounting and two M6 bushes on the rear of the enclosure for bracket mounting.

  • Page 7: Hearing Safety

     There are no user-serviceable parts inside your F81 system. Do not dismantle the unit  F81’s are not designed for use in damp conditions and should not be exposed to water Hearing safety Enjoy your system responsibly Funktion One loudspeaker systems are designed to provide extensive audience coverage at low distortion and are capable of producing very high near-field sound pressure levels.

  • Page 8: Coverage

    Coverage Your F81 loudspeaker system has been designed to provide excellent performance without resorting to complex positional or spacing requirements, but it’s worth spending a couple of minutes reading through the following sections on horizontal and vertical coverage, placement and mounting accessories to ensure you get the best performance possible at all times.

  • Page 9: Placement

    Fig 6.2-1 Poor vertical aiming Avoid aiming your F81 straight over the audience’s heads as this will increase room effects causing poor impact and intelligibility. Even if the room has good acoustical properties, your audience will enjoy far better sound quality if the system is aiming towards them.
  • Page 10 This ensures that coverage is concentrated onto the main audience area and away from the walls. The strong central summation combined with the smooth off-axis performance around the edges will provide even coverage with minimal overspill. www.funktion-one.com © Funktion One Research Limited 2011...

  • Page 11: Horizontal Aiming

    Horizontal aiming Stereo set-ups Fig 6.2-5 Poor horizontal aiming Avoid aiming your F81 straight out as this can increase side wall effects and will cause coverage gaps in between the loudspeakers. Fig 6.2-6 Improved horizontal aiming Even if the room has good acoustical properties, your audience will enjoy far better sound quality if the system is toed in towards them rather than reflecting off the side walls.
  • Page 12 The best way to ensure the widest possible stereo listening area is to aim your left and right F81 systems, both horizontally and vertically, so that their on-axis lines cross over at ear height at approximately 2/3 the distance to the rear of the audience.
  • Page 13 Multiple loudspeaker systems Where multiple loudspeakers are to be used to concentrate coverage into a specific area, your F81’s 90° horizontal coverage allows simple four-corner set-ups for foreground music coverage. Fig 6.2-8 4-speaker set-up Generally speaking, every time you double the number of loudspeakers at equal distances from you, you’ll increase sound pressure level by between 3 and 6dB.
  • Page 14 (Distance in metres from Main F81 – Distance in metres from Delay F81) x 2.91 milliseconds Imperial: (Distance in feet from Main F81 – Distance in feet from Delay F81) x 0.887 milliseconds (Hint: If you don’t have a calculator, the multipliers may be rounded to 3.0 for metric and 0.9 for imperial) ...

  • Page 15: Wall Mounting And Yoke Accessories

    Fig 6.3-1 WMS-50 F55/F81 wall mounting bracket (all dimensions in mm) The optional WMS-50 wall mounting bracket allows your F81 to be mounted on a wall and aimed accurately. The photograph shows speaker mounting plate horizontal for normal F81 orientation.
  • Page 16 The speaker mounting plate is attached to your F81 with the M8 hex-head bolts, flat washers and spring washers provided.
  • Page 17 10mm main fixing hole. The yoke also has a 6mm safety wire attachment hole. The F81 has integral M6 side bushes so that the yoke may be fitted using M6 hex-head bolts and flat washers for fixed installations.

  • Page 18: Connectors And Pin-Outs

    M10 bolt and is clamped to the stand pole using a wing-bolt. M10 stand-top adaptor Fitted to YF81-K1 yoke (F81 viewed from underneath) Connectors and pin-outs Rear connector options F81s are supplied to order with either… ...

  • Page 19: Phoenix Connector Option

    One is used for the input. The other is used as an output for additional (parallel-connected) F81s. Note that the F81 uses only two of the four available NL4 pins. Suitable cable connectors include the industry standard Speakon NL4FC and the Speakon NL2FC (compatible with NL4 chassis connectors for 2- pin use).

  • Page 20: Loudspeaker Polarity

    The following illustrations show the cable connector pin views looking towards the rear of the loudspeaker - as they would be seen if the cable plugs were plugged into the F81 with their covers removed. Fig 7.2-2 NL2FC (cable grab open) Fig 7.2-3 NL4FC pin-out...
  • Page 21 The ASPC1 is a two-part system comprising a pulse generator and a detector. The pulse generator allows you to inject a special test signal anywhere in the signal path whilst the detector microphone lets you check the resulting loudspeaker polarity acoustically. See the ASPC1 user guide for more information. www.funktion-one.com © Funktion One Research Limited 2011...

  • Page 22: Loudspeaker Cables

    – if only for consistency? Loudspeaker cables Recommended cable types and lengths F81 loudspeaker systems do not require particularly exotic cables. Standard pro-audio copper core loudspeaker cables are usually oxygen-free and perfectly suitable for this application. Good examples are: ...

  • Page 23: F81 Impedance

    Fig 8.2-1 F81 half-space, 1/12 octave impedance (ohms) vs frequency (Hz) The F81 impedance curve is very well behaved and presents an easy load for power amplifiers – even where pairs of F81s are connected in parallel. Notes ...

  • Page 24: Suitable Power Ranges

    Recommended range = 100W - 400W into 8Ω, 200W – 800W into 4Ω or 400W – 1600W into 2Ω  Most amplifiers are rated into 8 ohms (1 x F81) and 4 ohms (2 x F81s in parallel)  Amplifiers with a genuine 2 ohm specification can power up to 4 x F81s in parallel – but remember to use thicker cable when connecting multiple loudspeakers in parallel.

  • Page 25: 9.3 Simple System Patches With External Control

    (F81s with Speakon connectors) Fig 9.3-4 2-channel 4 ohm patch using Funktion One E15 power amplifier (F81s with Phoenix connectors) Note the connector blocks in lower illustration. Avoid cramming two cables into one Phoenix connector. www.funktion-one.com © Funktion One Research Limited 2011...
  • Page 26 4-channel 8 ohm patches with external control Fig 9.3-5 4-channel 8 ohm patch using Funktion One F40Q power amplifier (F81s with Speakon connectors) Fig 9.3-6 4-channel 8 ohm patch using Funktion One F40Q power amplifier (F81s with Phoenix connectors) www.funktion-one.com © Funktion One Research Limited 2011...
  • Page 27 (F81s with Speakon connectors) Fig 9.3-8 4-channel 4 ohm patch using Funktion One F40Q power amplifier (F81s with Phoenix connectors) Again, note the connector blocks in lower illustration. Avoid cramming two cables into one Phoenix connector. www.funktion-one.com © Funktion One Research Limited 2011...

  • Page 28: 9.4 Xo Series Loudspeaker Management Patches

    2-channel 4 ohm patch using Funktion One XO2 controller and E15 amp (2 x 2-way + 2 x mono configuration shown, F81s with Phoenix connectors) Note the connector blocks in lower illustration. Avoid cramming two cables into one Phoenix connector. www.funktion-one.com © Funktion One Research Limited 2011...
  • Page 29 4-channel 8 ohm patch using Funktion One XO4A controller and F40Q amp (4 x 2-way configuration shown, F81s with Speakon connectors) Fig 9.4-6 4-channel 8 ohm patch using Funktion One XO4A controller and F40Q amp (4 x 2-way configuration shown, F81s with Phoenix connectors) www.funktion-one.com © Funktion One Research Limited 2011...
  • Page 30 However, if your mains supply voltage drops by more than 2% or 3% on load, you may need to reduce the recommended long-term limiter threshold levels by a dB or so to prevent the power amplifier from prematurely clipping. See section 11 for further information on limiters settings. www.funktion-one.com © Funktion One Research Limited 2011...

  • Page 31: Combining With Bass Systems

    Combining with bass systems Your F81 system may be combined with a variety of Funktion One bass systems for extra low frequency extension and headroom. Suitable systems include – but are certainly not restricted to – the following: Funktion One MB210 LP The MB210 LP (Low Profile) is one of Funktion One's most compact and low profile bass enclosures and ideal for restricted architectural spaces.
  • Page 32 Funktion One Minibass 212 The Minibass 212 is a smaller iteration of Funktion One’s patented Infrabass technology and is the perfect complement to the F81 where a more powerful bass extension is required. The Minibass incorporates 2 x Funktion One 16 Ohm 12'' loudspeakers which drive a ported resonant chamber enclosure.
  • Page 33 The BR115 has a sensitivity of 103dB for 1W at 1m and covers the frequency range 45Hz – 320Hz The system can be supplied with optional pole mountings and is well matched with products including F81, F101 etc. Ideal for smaller applications including studios and monitoring.
  • Page 34 The F215 has a sensitivity figure of 105dBspl (1W/1m). Fig 10-8 F215 MkII dimensions (in millimetres and feet & inches) Please see www.funktion-one.com/products/ (and scroll down) for further information on the complete range of Funktion One bass systems. www.funktion-one.com © Funktion One Research Limited 2011...

  • Page 35: Bass To Mid-High Alignment

    200Hz 24dB/octave Linkwitz-Riley 24dB/octave Linkwitz-Riley *The final crossover frequency setting will depend on boundary condition and headroom requirements. Note that the higher the crossover frequency the harder the bass and the less stressed the F81. For suggested limiter settings see Section 11.

  • Page 36: Time Alignment

    If you’re working with imperial measurements, the physical offset in feet should be multiplied by 0.887 to get the required delay in milliseconds. In the above example, the F81 enclosure is 4ft 6” closer to the audience. Sound travels 1ft in approximately 0.887 milliseconds so the required delay is 4.5 x 0.887 = 3.99ms.
  • Page 37 The further the bass enclosure is placed from the wall, the more the reflected sound will be out of time with the direct sound. This can cause cancellation (reduction in level) due to the phase difference. www.funktion-one.com © Funktion One Research Limited 2011...
  • Page 38 (blue). If the reflected bass arrives within ⅓ of a wavelength for frequencies up to the bass-F81 crossover frequency, then the direct and reflected levels will add – albeit with an overall phase lag.

  • Page 39: Limiters

    (black). The F81 system would need to be realigned with the bass system by applying a small extra delay to create a matching phase lag through the crossover region. F81-to-resultant bass alignment for the simplified example Fig 10.1-6 Limiters For suggested crossover settings see Section 10.1.

  • Page 40: Xo Series Limiters With 32Db Amplifiers

    If you’re using power amplifiers such as the Funktion One E15 (PRC set to 0dB, gain set to 32dB) or the Funktion One F40Q (pre-set to 32dB), set your loudspeaker management system output limiters as follows: www.funktion-one.com © Funktion One Research Limited 2011...

  • Page 41: Limiter Settings Vs Amplifier Gain

    XO series limiter settings for F81 systems with standard 32dB amplifiers Notes  These settings will limit the amplifier’s long-term output to 1dB below your F81’s AES power rating  The Clip limiter will prevent hard peak clipping - although you may see the occasional momentary clip indication ...

  • Page 42: Limiter Settings Vs Amplifier Sensitivity

    Controller Clip limiter settings (if fitted) Notes  These settings will limit the amplifier’s long-term output to 1dB below your F81’s power rating  Check that the main output limiter settings are preventing continuous clipping by testing the controller/amplifier combination at high signal levels off-load (i.e. with the loudspeaker unplugged) ...
  • Page 43 Lower impedance continuous power figures often underestimate an amplifier’s dynamic performance due to loading effects  Always check limiter threshold operation with the power amplifier off-load. See previous page. www.funktion-one.com © Funktion One Research Limited 2011...

  • Page 44: Appendix A - Clipping

    The blue positive and negative shaded areas represent the power the signal would cause to be dissipated in a load – usually a loudspeaker voice coil. Here’s the same signal amplified beyond the available “headroom” – i.e. beyond the clip level... Signal amplified beyond clip level www.funktion-one.com © Funktion One Research Limited 2011...
  • Page 45 (multiples of the fundamental frequencies, also known as overtones) in a variety of amplitude and phase relationships. Spectrum analysers can be used to show this. In the screen shot below, an unclipped pure tone (approximately 1kHz) can be seen as a single frequency line. www.funktion-one.com © Funktion One Research Limited 2011...
  • Page 46 You can also avoid clipping your signals at source by setting your console and effects system “gain structure” carefully. See appendix B...  www.funktion-one.com © Funktion One Research Limited 2011...

  • Page 47: Appendix B - Gain Structure

    If your operating signal levels are just right, you won’t run out of headroom, clip or run out of digits – even on musical peaks. And you’ll still run well above the analogue noise floor and stay clear of the digital mush. www.funktion-one.com © Funktion One Research Limited 2011...
  • Page 48 Professional live sound meters calibrated with respect to “Full Scale” (dBFS) Too low (-28dBFS) Too high (-3dBFS) Just right (-18dBFS) Peak-hold option Wasting dynamic range Peaks could be clipped Noise-free without clipping May not be true peak www.funktion-one.com © Funktion One Research Limited 2011...
  • Page 49 /600 and you’ll get a milliwatt. Too low (-10VU = 28dB below clip) Too high Just right (0VU = 18dB below clip) Wasting dynamic range Peaks could be heavily clipped Noise-free without clipping www.funktion-one.com © Funktion One Research Limited 2011...
  • Page 50 83dBspl but this isn’t relevant for live sound use. A K-meter’s main advantage in live sound applications is its accurate indication of levels with reference to full scale. Sondris Meter Spectrafoo meter (Set to K-20) (Set to K-14) www.funktion-one.com © Funktion One Research Limited 2011...
  • Page 51 With your outboard equipment’s input gain set to a nominal level (about 1o’clock if it’s an analogue knob), set the relevant insert send control on your console so that your outboard gear’s general level is indicating around 18dB below its own maximum (usually -18dBFS on digital gear). www.funktion-one.com © Funktion One Research Limited 2011...
  • Page 52 The suggestions assume the user or installer is familiar with the basic mixer functions Initial input-output calibration Ensure that all inserts or effect loops are switched out (bypassed) before initially setting your gain structure! See Outboards effects set-up later... www.funktion-one.com © Funktion One Research Limited 2011...
  • Page 53 11 for further information on system patching, limiter settings, amplifier gains etc. Keep this configuration – with your system controllers or power amplifiers still muted – and use it to set up your inserts and loops for outboard effects www.funktion-one.com © Funktion One Research Limited 2011...
  • Page 54 (Make sure the LOOP SWAP button is not pressed – FX Loop 1 should follow A – and make sure the X-Fade control has not been switched off) Press the input channel strip X-FADE A and set the A-B cross-fader to A www.funktion-one.com © Funktion One Research Limited 2011...
  • Page 55 Again, a little experimentation may be required. If necessary, finely adjust the FF-4000’s FX1 Trim (effects return level) to balance the Fx Mix Direct vs Wet levels whilst swapping the FX Mix control between Dry and Wet. www.funktion-one.com © Funktion One Research Limited 2011...

  • Page 56: Appendix C - Maximum Spl

    And loudspeakers’ maximum power ratings have been standardised since the Audio Engineering Society (AES) published the original recommendations, AES2-1984, several decades ago. This was revised in 2003 and is still commonly used. www.funktion-one.com © Funktion One Research Limited 2011...
  • Page 57 AES2-1984 (r2003) recommendations mention distortion measurements being made at 10% of www.funktion-one.com © Funktion One Research Limited 2011...
  • Page 58 Manufacturers who state peak spl may have added 6dB to figures calculated using their driver suppliers AES power ratings.  Manufacturers who state “half space” or “2 ” conditions may have added a further 6dB to their ∏ figures. www.funktion-one.com © Funktion One Research Limited 2011...
  • Page 59 The most common set-up is where the loudspeaker is mounted in half space – typically in a pit facing upwards so that its baffle (not its grille) is flush with the ground. The measurement microphone is placed above the loudspeaker – usually on the acoustical crossover axis. www.funktion-one.com © Funktion One Research Limited 2011...
  • Page 60 Beware products with impressive maximum spl and AES power rating figures but no mention of distortion. Power hungry and loudspeakers doesn’t necessarily equate with musicality and projection. www.funktion-one.com © Funktion One Research Limited 2011...
  • Page 61 But they can also be used to provide a more acceptable spectral balance when the system is being driven hard. Go to www.funktion-one.com/settings/ for further information. Most maximum spl figures are calculated from driver sensitivities and AES power ratings so limiters don’t really feature in the arithmetic.

This manual is also suitable for:

F55

Table of Contents