Adobe 29180155 - Photoshop Elements 4.0 Tutorial page 278

Adjustment filters
Apply the Equalize filter
Apply the Gradient Map filter
Apply the Invert filter
Apply the Posterize filter
Apply the Threshold filter
Apply the Photo filter
Apply the Equalize filter
The Equalize filter redistributes the brightness values of the pixels in an image so that they more evenly represent the entire range of brightness
levels. When you apply this command, Photoshop Elements finds the brightest and darkest values in the composite image. It then remaps them so
that the brightest value represents white and the darkest value represents black. Photoshop Elements then equalizes the brightness—that is,
distributes the intermediate pixel values—evenly throughout the grayscale.
1. Select an image, layer, or area.
2. Choose Filter > Adjustments > Equalize.
3. If you selected an area of the image, select what to equalize in the dialog box, and click OK:
Equalize Selected Area Only to evenly distribute only the selection's pixels.
Equalize Entire Image Based On Selected Area to evenly distribute all image pixels based on those in the selection.
Apply the Gradient Map filter
The Gradient Map filter maps the grayscale range of an image to the colors of a specified gradient fill.
Using the Gradient Map filter to simulate a sepia tone
1. Select an image, layer, or area.
2. Do one of the following:
Choose Filter > Adjustments > Gradient Map.
Using the Layers panel or Layer menu, create a new Gradient Map adjustment layer, or open an existing Gradient Map
adjustment layer.
3. Specify the gradient fill you want to use:
To choose from a list of gradient fills, click the triangle to the right of the gradient fill displayed in the Gradient Map dialog
box. Click to select the desired gradient fill, and then click in a blank area of the dialog box to dismiss the list.
To edit the gradient fill currently displayed in the Gradient Map dialog box, click the gradient fill. Then modify the existing
gradient fill or create a new gradient fill.
By default, the shadows, midtones, and highlights of the image are mapped respectively to the starting (left) color, midpoint,
and ending (right) color of the gradient fill.
4. Select neither, one, or both of the Gradient Options:
Dither adds random noise to smooth the appearance of the gradient fill and reduce banding effects.
Reverse switches the direction of the gradient fill, reversing the gradient map.
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