Download Print this page

Casio CFX-9970G User Manual

Hide thumbs Also See for CFX-9970G:

Manual (70 pages)

,

Programming manual (47 pages)

,

Service manual (32 pages)

Table Of Contents

page of 474

/ 474
Contents
Table of Contents
Bookmarks

Table of Contents

Advertisement

Quick Links

See also: Programming Manual , Function Manual

CFX-9970G

GUIDELINES LAID DOWN BY FCC RULES FOR USE OF THE UNIT IN THE U.S.A. (not appli-

cable to other areas).

This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device,

pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protec-

tion against harmful interference in a residential installation. This equipment generates, uses

and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the

instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. However, there is no

guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation. If this equipment does

cause harmful interference to radio or television reception, which can be determined by turning

the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more

of the following measures:

• Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna.

• Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver.

• Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is

connected.

• Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help.

Changes or modifications not expressly approved by the party responsible for compliance could

void the user's authority to operate the equipment.

Proper connectors must be used for connection to host computer and/or peripherals in order to

meet FCC emission limits.

Connector SB-62

Connector FA-122

Model Number:

Trade Name:

Responsible Party: CASIO, INC.

Address:

Telephone Number: 973-361-5400

FCC WARNING

Power Graphic Unit to Power Graphic Unit

Power Graphic Unit to PC for IBM/Macintosh Machine

Declaration of Conformity

CFX-9970G

CASIO COMPUTER CO., LTD.

570 MT PLEASANT AVENUE,

DOVER, NEW JERSEY 07801

NOTICE

This device complies with Part 15 of FCC Rules.

Operation is subject to the following two conditions:

(1) This device may not cause harmful interference,

and (2) this device must accept any interference

received, including interference that may cause

undesired operation.

SA9808-003101A Printed in Japan

Table of Contents

Advertisement

Table of Contents

Need help?

Need help?

Do you have a question about the CFX-9970G and is the answer not in the manual?

Questions and answers

Summary of Contents for Casio CFX-9970G

Page 1 Declaration of Conformity Model Number: CFX-9970G This device complies with Part 15 of FCC Rules. Trade Name: CASIO COMPUTER CO., LTD. Operation is subject to the following two conditions: Responsible Party: CASIO, INC. (1) This device may not cause harmful interference, Address:...
Page 2: Before Using The Calculator
BEFORE USING THE CALCULATOR FOR THE FIRST TIME ONLY... This calculator does not contain any main batteries when you purchase it. Be sure to perform the following procedure to load batteries, reset the calculator, and adjust the color contrast before trying to use the calculator for the first time. 1.
Page 3 6. Use the cursor keys ( ) to select the SYS icon and press or simply press 7. Use the cursor keys ( ) to highlight Color Contrast and then press to display the contrast adjustment screen. 8. Adjust the display color. uTo adjust the color contrast 1.
Page 4 ABOUT THE COLOR DISPLAY The display uses three colors: orange, blue, and green, to make data easier to understand. • Main Menu • Display Color Adjustment • Graph Function Menu • Graph Display (Example 1) • Graph Display (Example 2) •...
Page 5 • Statistical Regression Graph Example • When you draw a graph or run a program, any comment text normally appears on the display in blue. You can, however, change the color of comment text to orange or green. Example: To draw a sine curve 1.
Page 6 KEYS Note that pressing / displays the character "/" for division, not " ÷ ". Alpha Lock Normally, once you press a and then a key to input an alphabetic character, the key- board reverts to its primary functions immediately. If you press ! and then a, the keyboard locks in alpha input until you press a again.
Page 7: Key Table
KEY TABLE Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page...
Page 8 Quick-Start Turning Power On And Off Auto Power Off Function Using Modes Basic Calculations Replay Features Fraction Calculations Exponents Graph Functions Dual Graph Box Zoom Dynamic Graph Table Function...
Page 9: Turning Power On And Off
Quick-Start Welcome to the world of color graphing calculators and the CASIO “CFX-9970G”. Quick-Start is not a complete tutorial, but it takes you through many of the most com- mon functions, from turning the power on, to specifying colors, and on to graphing complex equations.
Page 10: Parentheses Calculations
Quick-Start defc 2. Use to highlight RUN and then press This is the initial screen of the RUN mode, where you can perform manual calculations, and run programs. BASIC CALCULATIONS With manual calculations, you input formulas from left to right, just as they are written on paper.
Page 11 Quick-Start 1. Press SET UP 2. Press to switch the set up display. cccc1 3. Press (Deg) to specify degrees as the angle unit. 4. Press to clear the menu. 5. Press to clear the unit. cf*sefw 6. Press REPLAY FEATURES With the replay feature, simply press to recall the last calculation that was performed.
Page 12: Fraction Calculations
Quick-Start FRACTION CALCULATIONS key to input fractions into calculations. The symbol “ { ” is used You can use the to separate the various parts of a fraction. Example: 1 1. Press b$bf$ 2. Press bg+dh$ Indicates 6 Converting a Mixed Fraction to an Improper Fraction While a mixed fraction is shown on the display, press to convert it to an improper fraction.
Page 13 Quick-Start EXPONENTS Example: 1250 ! 2.06 1. Press bcfa*c.ag 2. Press 3. Press and the ^ indicator appears on the display. 4. Press . The ^5 on the display indicates that 5 is an exponent. 5. Press...
Page 14 Quick-Start GRAPH FUNCTIONS The graphing capabilities of this calculator makes it possible to draw complex graphs using either rectangular coordinates (horizontal axis: x ; vertical axis: y) or polar coordi- nates (angle: " ; distance from origin: r). Example 1: To graph Y = X(X + 1)(X – 2) 1.
Page 15 Quick-Start 2. Press (ROOT). Press for other roots. Example 3: Determine the area bounded by the origin and the X = –1 root obtained for Y = X(X + 1)(X – 2) 1. Press (G-Solv). 12345 2. Press (g). 3. Press dx).
Page 16 Quick-Start DUAL GRAPH With this function you can split the display between two areas and display two graphs on the same screen. Example: To draw the following two graphs and determine the points of intersection Y1 = X(X + 1)(X – 2) Y2 = X + 1.2 !Zcc1 1.
Page 17 Quick-Start 3. Use , and to move the pointer again. As you do, a box appears on the display. Move the pointer so the box encloses the area you want to enlarge. 4. Press , and the enlarged area appears in the inactive (right side) screen.
Page 18 Quick-Start 4. Press (VAR) to assign an initial value of 1 to coefficient A. 3456 bwdwbw 5. Press (RANG) to specify the range and increment of change in coefficient A. 6. Press 7. Press (DYNA) to start Dynamic Graph drawing. The graphs are drawn 10 times.
Page 19 After you’ve completed this Quick-Start section, you are well on your way to becoming an expert user of the CASIO “CFX-9970G” Calculator. To learn all about the many powerful features of the “CFX-9970G”, read on and explore! xviii...
Page 20 Handling Precautions • Your calculator is made up of precision components. Never try to take it apart. • Avoid dropping your calculator and subjecting it to strong impact. • Do not store the calculator or leave it in areas exposed to high temperatures or humidity, or large amounts of dust.
Page 21 1 or 2 kbytes of memory free (unused) at all times. In no event shall CASIO Computer Co., Ltd. be liable to anyone for special, collateral, incidental, or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the purchase or use of these materials.
Page 22 • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •...
Page 23: Table Of Contents
Contents Getting Acquainted — Read This First! ............. 1 1. Key Markings ....................... 2 2. Selecting Icons and Entering Modes ..............3 3. Display ......................... 8 4. Color Adjustment ....................11 5. When you keep having problems… ..............12 Chapter 1 Basic Operation ................13 Before Starting Calculations...
Page 24 Contents Chapter 7 Equation Calculations ..............99 Before Beginning an Equation Calculation ..........100 Linear Equations with Two to Six Unknowns ..........101 Quadratic and Cubic Equations ..............104 Solve Calculations ..................107 What to Do When an Error Occurs ............110 Chapter 8 Graphing ..................
Page 25 Contents Chapter 15 Table & Graph ................205 15-1 Before Using Table & Graph ..............206 15-2 Storing a Function and Generating a Numeric Table ........ 207 15-3 Editing and Deleting Functions ..............210 15-4 Editing Tables and Drawing Graphs ............211 15-5 Copying a Table Column to a List ..............
Page 26 Connecting Two Units ................414 22-2 Connecting the Unit with a Personal Computer ........415 22-3 Connecting the Unit with a CASIO Label Printer ........416 22-4 Before Performing a Data Communication Operation ....... 417 22-5 Performing a Data Transfer Operation ............418 22-6 Screen Send Function ................
Page 27 Contents Appendix ......................443 Appendix A Resetting the Calculator ..............444 Appendix B Power Supply ................. 446 Appendix C Error Message Table ..............450 Appendix D Input Ranges .................. 453 Appendix E Specifications ................. 456 Index ........................458 Command Index ....................464 Key Index ......................
Page 28: Read This First
Getting Acquainted — Read This First! About this User’s Guide uFunction Keys and Menus • Many of the operations performed by this calculator can be executed by pressing function keys 1 through 6. The operation assigned to each function key changes according to the mode the calculator is in, and current operation assignments are indicated by function menus that appear at the bottom of the display.
Page 29: Key Markings
1. Key Markings Many of the calculator’s keys are used to perform more than one function. The functions marked on the keyboard are color coded to help you find the one you need quickly and easily. Function Key Operation The following describes the color coding used for key markings. Color Key Operation Orange...
Page 30: Selecting Icons And Entering Modes
2. Selecting Icons and Entering Modes This section describes how to select an icon in the Main Menu to enter the mode you want. uTo select an icon 1. Press m to display the Main Menu. Currently selected icon 2. Use the cursor keys (d, e, f, c) to move the highlighting to the icon you want.
Page 31: Using The Set Up Screen
Selecting Icons and Entering Modes Icon Mode Name Description TABLE Use this mode to store functions, to generate a numeric table of different solutions as the values assigned to variables in a function change, and to draw graphs. RECURsion Use this mode to store recursion formulas, to generate a numeric table of different solutions as the values assigned to variables in a function change, and to draw graphs.
Page 32: Set Up Screen Function Key Menus
Selecting Icons and Entering Modes 3 4 5 3. Use the f and c cursor keys to move the highlighting to the item whose setting you want to change. 4. Press the function key (1 to 6) that is marked with the setting you want to make.
Page 33 Selecting Icons and Entering Modes uGrid (graph gridline display) • {On}/{Off} ... {display on}/{display off} P.121 uAxes (graph axis display) • {On}/{Off} ... {display on}/{display off} P.121 uLabel (graph axis label display) • {On}/{Off} ... {display on}/{display off} P.121 uDisplay (display format) •...
Page 34 Selecting Icons and Entering Modes uDual Screen (Dual Screen Mode status) The Dual Screen Mode settings you can make depends on whether you pressed !Z while in the GRAPH Mode, TABLE Mode, or RECUR Mode. GRAPH Mode P.168 • {Grph}/{GtoT}/{Off} ... {graphing on both sides of Dual Screen}/{graph on one P.176 side and numeric table on the other side of Dual Screen}/{Dual Screen off} TABLE/RECUR Mode...
Page 35: Display
Selecting Icons and Entering Modes 3. Display k About the Display Screen This calculator uses two types of display: a text display and a graphic display. The text display can show 21 columns and eight lines of characters, with the bottom line used for the function key menu, while the graph display uses an area that measures 127 (W) ! 63 (H) dots.
Page 36: Exponential Display
Display • Direct Command Execution Example: Selecting executes the DRAW command. k Exponential Display The calculator normally displays values up to 10 digits long. Values that exceed this limit are automatically converted to and displayed in exponential format. You can specify one of two different ranges for automatic changeover to exponential display.
Page 37: Special Display Formats
Display k Special Display Formats This calculator uses special display formats to indicate fractions, hexadecimal values, and sexagesimal values. uFractions –––– ..Indicates: 456 uHexadecimal Values ..Indicates: ABCDEF12 , which (16) equals –1412567278 (10) uSexagesimal Values ..Indicates: 12° 34’ 56.78" •...
Page 38: Color Adjustment
4. Color Adjustment Adjust the color whenever objects on the display appear dim or difficult to see. There are two different settings you can make to get color the way you want it. • Color contrast • Tint adjustment for each color uTo display the color adjustment screen 1.
Page 39: When You Keep Having Problems
5. When you keep having problems… If you keep having problems when you are trying to perform operations, try the following before assuming that there is something wrong with the calculator. k Get the Calculator Back to its Original Mode Settings 1.
Page 40: Chapter 1 Basic Operation
Chapter Basic Operation Before Starting Calculations... Memory Option (OPTN) Menu Variable Data (VARS) Menu Program (PRGM) Menu...
Page 41: Before Starting Calculations
1-1 Before Starting Calculations... Before performing a calculation for the first time, you should use the set up screen to specify the angle unit and display format. k k k k k Setting the Angle Unit (Angle) 1. Display the set up screen and use the f and c keys to highlight “Angle”. 2.
Page 42 1 - 1 Before Starting Calculations... u u u u u To specify the number of significant digits (Sci) Example To specify three significant digits 2 (Sci) 4 (3) Press the function key that corresponds to the number of significant digits you want to specify ( = 0 to 9).
Page 43 1 - 1 Before Starting Calculations... k k k k k Inputting Calculations When you are ready to input a calculation, first press A to clear the display. Next, input your calculation formulas exactly as they are written, from left to right, and press w to obtain the result.
Page 44 1 - 1 Before Starting Calculations... ! Relational operator =, G , >, <, &, ' @ And, and # Or, or, xor, xnor • Execution is normally performed from left to right, except in the following cases when it is performed from right to left. ·When functions with the same priority are used in series: {In( ·When power calculations are used in series in the ALGBR Mode:...
Page 45 1 - 1 Before Starting Calculations... k k k k k Stacks The unit employs memory blocks, called stacks , for storage of low priority values and commands. There is a 10-level numeric value stack , a 26-level command stack , and a 10-level program subroutine stack . An error occurs if you perform a calculation so complex that it exceeds the capacity of available numeric value stack or command stack space, or if execution of a program subroutine exceeds the capacity of the subroutine stack.
Page 46 1 - 1 Before Starting Calculations... k k k k k Overflow and Errors Exceeding a specified input or calculation range, or attempting an illegal input causes an error message to appear on the display. Further operation of the calculator is impossible while an error message is displayed. The following events cause an error message to appear on the display.
Page 47 1 - 1 Before Starting Calculations... k k k k k Memory Capacity Each time you press a key, either one byte or two bytes is used. Some of the functions that require one byte are: b, c, d, sin, cos, tan, log, In, , and !.
Page 48 1 - 1 Before Starting Calculations... u u u u u To delete a step Example To change 369 " " 2 to 369 " 2 dgj**c u u u u u To insert a step Example To change 2.36 to sin2.36 c.dgx ddddd...
Page 49: Memory
1-2 Memory k k k k k Variables This calculator comes with 28 variables as standard. You can use variables to store values to be used inside of calculations. Variables are identified by single- letter names, which are made up of the 26 letters of the alphabet, plus and # .
Page 50 1 - 2 Memory k k k k k Function Memory [OPTN]-[FMEM] Function memory is convenient for temporary storage of often-used expressions. For longer term storage, we recommend that you use the GRAPH Mode for expressions and the PRGM Mode for programs. P.27 •...
Page 51 1 - 2 Memory u u u u u To delete a function Example To delete the contents of function memory number 1 K6(g)6(g)3(FMEM)A 1(STO) 1(f • Executing the store operation while the display is blank deletes the function in the function memory you specify.
Page 52 1 - 2 Memory 2. Press c w to display the memory status screen. Number of bytes still free 3. Use f and c to move the highlighting and view the amount of memory (in bytes) used for storage of each type of data. The following table shows all of the data types that appear on the memory status screen.
Page 53 1 - 2 Memory k k k k k Clearing Memory Contents Use the following procedure to clear data stored in memory. 1. In the memory status screen, use f and c to move the highlighting to the data type you want to clear. If the data type you select in step 1 allows deletion of specific data 2.
Page 54: Option (Optn) Menu
1-3 Option (OPTN) Menu The option menu gives you access to scientific functions and features that are not marked on the calculator’s keyboard. The contents of the option menu differ according to the mode you are in when you press the K key. See the Command List at the back of this user’s guide for details on the option (OPTN) menu.
Page 55: Variable Data (Vars) Menu
1-4 Variable Data (VARS) Menu To recall variable data, press J to display the variable data menu. {V-WIN}/{FACT}/{STAT}/{GRPH}/{DYNA}/{TABL}/{RECR}/{EQUA}/{TVM} See the Command List at the back of this user’s guide for details on the variable data (VARS) menu. • Note that the EQUA and TVM items appear for function keys (3 and 4) only when you access the variable data menu from the RUN or PRGM Mode.
Page 56 1 - 4 Variable Data (VARS) Menu • { } ... population standard deviation of { -data}/{ -data} • { } ... sample standard deviation of { -data}/{ -data} • {minX}/{minY} ... minimum value of { -data}/{ -data} • {maxX}/{maxY} ... maximum value of { -data}/{ -data} u u u u u {GRPH}...
Page 57 1 - 4 Variable Data (VARS) Menu k k k k k GRPH — Recalling Graph Functions Selecting {GRPH} from the VARS menu displays the graph function recall menu. P.156 • {Y}/{r} ... {rectangular coordinate or inequality function}/{polar coordinate function} •...
Page 58 1 - 4 Variable Data (VARS) Menu Example To recall the contents of the numeric table for the function – 2, while the table range is Start=0 and End=6, and pitch=1 4(Reslt)w k k k k k RECR — Recalling Recursion Formula, Table Range, and Table Content Data Selecting {RECR} from the VARS menu displays the recursion data recall menu.
Page 59 1 - 4 Variable Data (VARS) Menu • The table contents recalled by the above operation are stored automatically in Matrix Answer Memory (MatAns). • An error occurs if you perform the above operation when there is no function or recursion formula numeric table in memory.
Page 60 1 - 4 Variable Data (VARS) Menu • The coefficients and solutions recalled by the above operation are stored automatically in Matrix Answer Memory (MatAns). • When the solutions for a linear equation with 2 through 6 unknowns contain complex numbers, only the real number parts are stored in Matrix Answer Memory (MatAns).
Page 61: Program (Prgm) Menu
1-5 Program (PRGM) Menu To display the program (PRGM) menu, first enter the RUN or PRGM Mode from the Main Menu and then press ! W. The following are the selections available in the program (PRGM) menu. • {COM} … {program command menu} •...
Page 62: Chapter 2 Manual Calculations
Chapter Manual Calculations Basic Calculations Special Functions Function Calculations...
Page 63: Basic Calculations
2-1 Basic Calculations k k k k k Arithmetic Calculations • Enter arithmetic calculations as they are written, from left to right. • Use the - key to input the minus sign before a negative value. • Calculations are performed internally with a 15-digit mantissa. The result is rounded to a 10-digit mantissa before it is displayed.
Page 64 2 - 1 Basic Calculations • Number of decimal place (Fix) and number of significant digit (Sci) settings normally remain in effect until you change them or until your change the exponential display range (Norm) setting. Note also, however, that Sci setting P.321 is automatically initialized to Norm 1 whenever you enter the Financial Mode.
Page 65 2 - 1 Basic Calculations k k k k k Calculations Using Variables Example Operation Display 193.2aaAw 193.2 193.2 ÷ 23 = 8.4 aA/23w 193.2 ÷ 28 = 6.9 aA/28w...
Page 66: Special Functions
2-2 Special Functions k k k k k Answer Function The unit’s Answer Function automatically stores the last result you calculated by pressing w(unless the w key operation results in an error). The result is stored in the answer memory. u u u u u To use the contents of the answer memory in a calculation Example 123 + 456 = 579...
Page 67 2 - 2 Special Functions k k k k k Using the Replay Function The Replay Function automatically stores the last calculation performed into replay memory. You can recall the contents of the replay memory by pressing d or e. If you press e, the calculation appears with the cursor at the beginning.
Page 68 2 - 2 Special Functions k k k k k Making Corrections in the Original Calculation Example 14 ÷ 0 ! 2.3 entered by mistake for 14 ÷ 10 ! 2.3 Abe/a*c.dw Press d or e. Cursor is positioned automatically at the location of the cause of the error.
Page 69 2 - 2 Special Functions Example 6.9 ! 123 = 848.7 123 ÷ 3.2 = 38.4375 AbcdaaA!W6(g) 5(:)g.j*aA!W 5(^)aA/d.cw Intermediate result at point where “ ^ ” is used. • Note that the final result of a multistatement is always displayed, regardless of whether it ends with a display result command.
Page 70: Function Calculations
2-3 Function Calculations k k k k k Function Menus This calculator includes five function menus that give you access to scientific functions that are not printed on the key panel. • The contents of the function menu differ according to the mode you entered from the Main Menu before you pressed the K key.
Page 71 2 - 3 Function Calculations u u u u u Angle Units, Coordinate Conversion, Sexagesimal Operations (ANGL) [OPTN]-[ANGL] • { ° }/{r}/{g} ... {degrees}/{radians}/{grads} for a specific input value ° • { ’ ”} ... {specifies degrees (hours), minutes, seconds when inputting a sexagesimal value} "# °...
Page 72 2 - 3 Function Calculations k k k k k Trigonometric and Inverse Trigonometric Functions • Be sure to set the angle unit before performing trigonometric function and inverse trigonometric function calculations. (90° = ––– radians = 100 grads) • Be sure to specify “Comp” for Calculation/binary, octal, decimal, hexadecimal mode.
Page 73 2 - 3 Function Calculations k k k k k Logarithmic and Exponential Functions • Be sure to specify “Comp” for Calculation/binary, octal, decimal, hexadecimal mode. Example Operation Display log 1.23 (log 1.23) = 8.990511144 ! 10 l1.23w 0.08990511144 –2 In 90 (log 90) = 4.49980967 I90w...
Page 74 2 - 3 Function Calculations k k k k k Other Functions • Be sure to specify “Comp” for Calculation/binary, octal, decimal, hexadecimal mode. Example Operation Display = 3.65028154 !92+!95w 3.65028154 (-3)xw (–3) = (–3) ! (–3) = 9 –3 = –(3 ! 3) = –9 -3xw –...
Page 75 2 - 3 Function Calculations k k k k k Coordinate Conversion u u u u u Rectangular Coordinates u u u u u Polar Coordinates • With polar coordinates, % can be calculated and displayed within a range of –180°<...
Page 76 2 - 3 Function Calculations Example To calculate the possible number of different arrangements using 4 items selected from among 10 items Formula Operation Display = 5040 10K6(g)3(PROB) 5040 Example To calculate the possible number of different combinations of 4 items that can be selected from among 10 items Formula Operation Display...
Page 77 2 - 3 Function Calculations k k k k k Engineering Notation Calculations P.44 Input engineering symbols using the engineering notation menu. • Be sure to specify “Comp” for Calculation/binary, octal, decimal, hexadecimal mode. Example Operation Display !Zccccc cccc4(Eng)J 999k (kilo) + 25k (kilo) 999K 6(g)6(g)1(ESYM) = 1.024M (mega)
Page 78 2 - 3 Function Calculations k k k k k Logical Operators (AND, OR, NOT) [OPTN]-[LOGIC] The logical operator menu provides a selection of logical operators. • {And}/{Or}/{Not} ... {logical multiplication}/{logical addition}/{negation} • Be sure to specify “Comp” for Calculation/binary, octal, decimal, hexadecimal mode.
Page 79 2 - 3 Function Calculations About Logical Operations • A logical operation always produces either 0 or 1 as its result. • The following table shows all of possible results that can be produced by AND and OR operations. Value or Expression A Value or Expression B A AND B A OR B...
Page 80: Chapter 3 Numerical Calculations
Chapter Numerical Calculations Before Performing a Calculation Differential Calculations Quadratic Differential Calculations Integration Calculations Maximum/Minimum Value Calculations ! Calculations...
Page 81: Before Performing A Calculation
3-1 Before Performing a Calculation The following describes the items that are available in the menus you use when performing Solve, differential/ quadratic differential, integration, maximum/ minimum value, and ! calculations. P.27 When the option menu is on the display, press 4 (CALC) to display the function analysis menu.
Page 82: Differential Calculations
3-2 Differential Calculations [OPTN]-[CALC]-[d/dx] To perform differential calculations, first display the function analysis menu, and then input the values shown in the formula below. f(x) Increase/decrease of Point for which you want to determine the derivative d/dx ( f (x), a, Ax) % ––– f (a) The differentiation for this type of calculation is defined as: f (a + Ax) –...
Page 83 3 - 2 Differential Calculations This average, which is called the central difference , is expressed as: f (a + Ax) – f (a) f (a) – f (a – Ax) f '(a) = –– –––––––––– ––– + ––––––––––––– f (a + Ax) – f (a – Ax) = ––––––––––...
Page 84 3 - 2 Differential Calculations k k k k k Applications of Differential Calculations • Differentials can be added, subtracted, multiplied and divided with each other. ––– f (a) = f '(a), ––– g (a) = g'(a) Therefore: f '(a) + g'(a), f '(a) ' g'(a), etc. •...
Page 85: Quadratic Differential Calculations
3-3 Quadratic Differential Calculations [OPTN]-[CALC]-[d After displaying the function analysis menu, you can input quadratic differentials using either of the two following formats. f(x) Final boundary ( = 1 to 15) Differential coefficient point ––– ( f (x), a, n) % ––– f (a) Quadratic differential calculations produce an approximate differential value using the following second order differential formula, which is based on Newton's polynomial interpretation.
Page 86 3 - 3 Quadratic Differential Calculations Input 3 as point , which is differential coefficient point. Input 6 as , which is final boundary. • In the function f(x), only X can be used as a variable in expressions. Other variables (A through Z, r, &...
Page 87: Integration Calculations
3-4 Integration Calculations [OPTN]-[CALC]-[ " dx] To perform integration calculations, first display the function analysis menu and then input the values in one of the formulas shown below. Gauss-Kronrod Rule 4("dx) f(x) , Tolerance End point Start point " " ( f (x), a, tol) % f(x)dx...
Page 88 3 - 4 Integration Calculations u u u u u To perform an integration calculation Example To perform the integration calculation for the function shown below, with a tolerance of “tol” = 1 " + 3x + 4) dx f (x) Input the function AK4(CALC)4( "dx...
Page 89 3 - 4 Integration Calculations • Pressing A during calculation of an integral (while the cursor is not shown on the display) interrupts the calculation. • Always use radians (Rad Mode) as the angle unit when performing trigono- metric integrations. •...
Page 90: Maximum/Minimum Value Calculations
3-5 Maximum/Minimum Value Calculations [OPTN]-[CALC]-[FMin]/[FMax] After displaying the function analysis menu, you can input maximum/minimum calculations using the formats below, and solve for the maximum and minimum of < < a function within interval u u u u u Minimum Value 6(g)1(FMin) f(x) , Precision ( = 1 to 9)
Page 91 3 - 5 Maximum/Minimum Value Calculations Example 2 To determine the maximum value for the interval defined by start point 0 and end point 3, with a precision of 6 for the y = –x function f(x) Input AK4(CALC)6(g)2(FMax) -vx+cv+c, , b = Input the interval a,d,...
Page 92: Calculations
3-6 ! Calculations [OPTN]-[CALC]-[!(] To perform ! calculations, first display the function analysis menu, and then input the values shown in the formula below. 6(g)3(!() Distance between partitions Last term of sequence Initial term of sequence Variable used by sequence , k, ( , ) , n) % k = ( ! calculation is the calculation of the partial sum of sequence...
Page 93 3 - 6 Calculations • You can use only one variable in the function for input sequence • Input integers only for the initial term of sequence and last term of sequence • Input of and the closing parentheses can be omitted. If you omit , the calculator automatically uses = 1.
Page 94: Chapter 4 Complex Numbers
Chapter Complex Numbers This calculator is capable of performing the following operations using complex numbers. • Arithmetic operations (addition, subtraction, multiplication, division) • Calculation of the reciprocal, square root, and square of a complex number • Calculation of the absolute value and argument of a complex number •...
Page 95: Before Beginning A Complex Number Calculation
4-1 Before Beginning a Complex Number Calculation Before beginning a complex number calculation, press K3 (CPLX) to display the complex number calculation menu. • {i} ... {imaginary unit i input} • {Abs}/{Arg} ... obtains {absolute value}/{argument} • {Conj} ... {obtains conjugate} •...
Page 96: Performing Complex Number Calculations
4-2 Performing Complex Number Calculations The following examples show how to perform each of the complex number calculations available with this calculator. k k k k k Arithmetic Operations [OPTN]-[CPLX]-[i] Arithmetic operations are the same as those you use for manual calculations. You can even use parentheses and memory.
Page 97 4 - 2 Performing Complex Number Calculations AK3(CPLX)2(Abs) (d+e1( (Calculation of absolute value) AK3(CPLX)3(Arg) (d+e1( (Calculation of argument) • The result of the argument calculation differs in accordance with the current angle unit setting (degrees, radians, grads). k k k k k Conjugate Complex Numbers [OPTN]-[CPLX]-[Conj] a + bi A complex number of the format...
Page 98 4 - 2 Performing Complex Number Calculations k k k k k Complex Number Calculation Precautions • The input/output range of complex numbers is normally 10 digits for the mantissa and two digits for the exponent. • When a complex number has more than 21 digits, the real number part and imaginary number part are displayed on separate lines.
Page 99: Chapter 5 Binary, Octal, Decimal, And Hexadecimal Calculations
Chapter Binary, Octal, Decimal, and Hexadecimal Calculations This calculator is capable of performing the following operations involving different number systems. • Number system conversion • Arithmetic operations • Negative values • Logical operations Before Beginning a Binary, Octal, Decimal, or Hexadecimal Calculation Selecting a Number System Arithmetic Operations...
Page 100: Before Beginning A Binary, Octal, Decimal, Or Hexadecimal Calculation
5-1 Before Beginning a Binary, Octal, Decimal, or Hexadecimal Calculation You can use the RUN Mode and binary, octal, decimal, and hexadecimal settings to perform calculations that involve binary, octal, decimal and hexadecimal values. You can also convert between number systems and perform logical operations. •...
Page 101 5 - 1 Before Beginning a Binary, Octal, Decimal, or Hexadecimal Calculation • The following are the calculation ranges for each of the number systems. Binary Values Positive: 0 < < 111111111111111 Negative: 1000000000000000 < < 1111111111111111 Octal Values Positive: 0 < <...
Page 102: Selecting A Number System
5-2 Selecting a Number System You can specify decimal, hexadecimal, binary, or octal as the default number system using the set up screen. After you press the function key that corresponds to the system you want to use, press w. u u u u u To convert a displayed value from one number system to another Example To convert 22...
Page 103: Arithmetic Operations
5-3 Arithmetic Operations Example 1 To calculate 10111 + 11010 !Z4(Bin)J Ababbb+ bbabaw Example 2 To input and execute 123 ! ABC , when the default number system is decimal or hexadecimal !Z2(Dec)J A1(d~o)4(o)bcd* 2(h)ABCw !Z3(Hex)Jw...
Page 104: Negative Values And Logical Operations
5-4 Negative Values and Logical Operations While binary, octal, decimal, or hexadecimal is set as the default number system, press 2 (LOG) to display a menu of negation and logical operators. • {Neg} ... {negation} • {Not}/{and}/{or}/{xor}/{xnor} ... {NOT}/{AND}/{OR}/{XOR}/{XNOR} k k k k k Negative Values Example To determine the negative of 110010 !Z4(Bin)J...
Page 105: Chapter 6 Matrix Calculations
Chapter Matrix Calculations 26 matrix memories (Mat A through Mat Z) plus a Matrix Answer Memory (MatAns), make it possible to perform the following matrix operations. • Addition, subtraction, multiplication • Scalar product calculations • Determinant calculations • Matrix transposition •...
Page 106: Before Performing Matrix Calculations
6-1 Before Performing Matrix Calculations In the Main Menu, select the MAT icon to enter the Matrix Mode and display its initial screen. 2 (row) ! 2 (column) matrix Not dimension preset • {DEL}/{DEL·A} ... deletes {a specific matrix}/{all matrices} •...
Page 107 6 - 1 Before Performing Matrix Calculations Specify the number of rows. Specify the number of columns. • All of the cells of a new matrix contain the value 0. • If “Mem ERROR” remains next to the matrix area name after you input the dimensions, it means there is not enough free memory to create the matrix you want.
Page 108 6 - 1 Before Performing Matrix Calculations k k k k k Deleting Matrices You can delete either a specific matrix or all matrices in memory. u u u u u To delete a specific matrix 1. While the MATRIX list is on the display, use f and c to highlight the matrix you want to delete.
Page 109: Matrix Cell Operations
6-2 Matrix Cell Operations Use the following procedure to prepare a matrix for cell operations. 1. While the MATRIX list is on the display, use f and c to highlight the name of the matrix you want to use. 2. Press w and the function menu with the following items appears. •...
Page 110 6 - 2 Matrix Cell Operations u u u u u To calculate the scalar product of a row Example To calculate the scalar product of row 2 of the following matrix, multiplying by 4 : Matrix A = 1(R·OP)2(!Rw) Input multiplier value.
Page 111 6 - 2 Matrix Cell Operations k k k k k Row Operations The following menu appears whenever you press 2 (ROW) while a recalled matrix is on the display. • {DEL} ... {delete row} • {INS} ... {insert row} •...
Page 112 6 - 2 Matrix Cell Operations u u u u u To add a row Example To add a new row below row 3 of the following matrix : Matrix A = 2(ROW)cc 3(ADD) k k k k k Column Operations The following menu appears whenever you press 3 (COL) while a recalled matrix is on the display.
Page 113 6 - 2 Matrix Cell Operations u u u u u To insert a column Example To insert a new column between columns 1 and 2 of the following matrix : Matrix A = 3(COL)e 2(INS) u u u u u To add a column Example To add a new column to the right of column 2 of the following matrix :...
Page 114: Modifying Matrices Using Matrix Commands
6-3 Modifying Matrices Using Matrix Commands [OPTN]-[MAT] u u u u u To display the matrix commands 1. From the Main Menu, select the RUN icon and press w. 2. Press K to display the option menu. P.27 3. Press 2 (MAT) to display the matrix operation menu. The following describes only the matrix command menu items that are used for creating matrices and inputting matrix data.
Page 115 6 - 3 Modifying Matrices Using Matrix Commands Matrix name • An error occurs if memory becomes full as you are inputting data. • You can also use the above format inside a program that inputs matrix data. u u u u u To input an identity matrix Use the matrix operation menu’s Identity command (1) to create an identity matrix.
Page 116 6 - 3 Modifying Matrices Using Matrix Commands k k k k k Modifying Matrices Using Matrix Commands You can also use matrix commands to assign values to and recall values from an existing matrix, to fill in all cells of an existing matrix with the same value, to combine two matrices into a single matrix, and to assign the contents of a matrix column to a list file.
Page 117 6 - 3 Modifying Matrices Using Matrix Commands Example 2 To combine the following two matrices : K2(MAT)5(Aug)1(Mat) aA,1(Mat)aBw • The two matrices you combine must have the same number of rows. An error occurs if you try to combine two matrices that have different numbers of rows. u u u u u To assign the contents of a matrix column to a list file Use the following format with the matrix operation menu’s Mat"List command (2) to specify a column and a list file.
Page 118: Matrix Calculations
6-4 Matrix Calculations [OPTN]-[MAT] Use the matrix command menu to perform matrix calculation operations. u u u u u To display the matrix commands 1. From the Main Menu, select the RUN icon and press w. 2. Press K to display the option menu. P.27 3.
Page 119 6 - 4 Matrix Calculations • The two matrices must have the same dimensions in order to be added or subtracted. An error occurs if you try to add or subtract matrices of different dimensions. • For multiplication, the number of columns in Matrix 1 must match the number of rows in Matrix 2.
Page 120 6 - 4 Matrix Calculations Example Obtain the determinant for the following matrix : Matrix A = –1 –2 3(Det)1(Mat)aAw • Determinants can be obtained only for square matrices (same number of rows and columns). Trying to obtain a determinant for a matrix that is not square produces an error.
Page 121 6 - 4 Matrix Calculations k k k k k Matrix Inversion Matrix Mat A Mat Z MatAns Example To invert the following matrix : Matrix A = 1(Mat)aA!Xw • Only square matrices (same number of rows and columns) can be inverted. Trying to invert a matrix that is not square produces an error.
Page 122 6 - 4 Matrix Calculations k k k k k Squaring a Matrix Matrix Mat A Mat Z MatAns Example To square the following matrix : Matrix A = 1(Mat)aAxw k k k k k Raising a Matrix to a Power Matrix Natural number Mat A...
Page 123 6 - 4 Matrix Calculations Example To determine the absolute value of the following matrix : 1 –2 Matrix A = –3 K6(g)4(NUM)1(Abs) K2(MAT)1(Mat)aAw • Determinants and inverse matrices are calculated using the elimination method, so errors (such as dropped digits) may be generated. •...
Page 124: Chapter 7 Equation Calculations
Chapter Equation Calculations Your graphic calculator can solve the following three types of equations: • Linear equations with two to six unknowns • Quadratic equations • Cubic equations Before Beginning an Equation Calculation Linear Equations with Two to Six Unknowns Quadratic and Cubic Equations Solve Calculations What to Do When an Error Occurs...
Page 125: Before Beginning An Equation Calculation
7-1 Before Beginning an Equation Calculation Before beginning an equation calculation you have to first enter the correct mode, and you must also clear the equation memories of any data that might be left over from a previous calculation. k k k k k Entering an Equation Calculation Mode In the Main Menu, select the EQUA icon to enter the Equation Mode.
Page 126 7-2 Linear Equations with Two to Six Unknowns You can use the procedures described here to solve linear equations with unknowns that match the following formats: x + b y = c Two unknowns x + b y = c x + b y + c z + d...
Page 127: Linear Equations With Two To Six Unknowns
7 - 2 Linear Equations with Two to Six Unknowns k k k k k Solving Linear Equations with Three Unknowns Example To solve the following linear equations for , and – 2 = –1 –5 = –7 1. While in the Linear Equation Mode (SIML), press 2 (3), because the linear equations being solved have three unknowns.
Page 128 7 - 2 Linear Equations with Two to Six Unknowns • Internal calculations are performed using a 15-digit mantissa, but results are displayed using a 10-digit mantissa and 2-digit exponent. • This unit performs simultaneous linear equations by placing the coefficients inside of a matrix.
Page 129: Quadratic And Cubic Equations
7-3 Quadratic and Cubic Equations This calculator can also solve quadratic and cubic equations that match the following formats (when G G G G G • Quadratic: • Cubic: k k k k k Specifying the Degree of an Equation While in the Equation Mode, press 2 (POLY) and then specify the degree of the equation.
Page 130 7 - 3 Quadratic and Cubic Equations • Internal calculations are performed using a 15-digit mantissa, but results are displayed using a 10-digit mantissa and 2-digit exponent. • An error occurs whenever the unit is unable to solve the equations. •...
Page 131 7 - 3 Quadratic and Cubic Equations k k k k k Changing Coefficients You can change a coefficient either before or after you register it by pressing w. u u u u u To change a coefficient before registering it with w Press the A key to clear the current value and then input another one.
Page 132: Solve Calculations
7-4 Solve Calculations You can determine the value of any variable you are using without going through the trouble of solving an equation. Input the equation, and a table of variables appears on the display. Use the table to assign values to variables and then execute the calculation to obtain a solution and display the value of the unknown variable.
Page 133 7 - 4 Solve Calculations 3. Input the values. bew(H=14) aw(V=0) cw(T=2) j.iw (G=9.8) 4. Press f to move the highlighting to V = 0. 5. Press 6 (SOLV) to obtain the solution. Equation Solution • An error occurs if you input more than one equals sign. •...
Page 134 7 - 4 Solve Calculations • Solve uses Newton’s method to calculate approximations. The following can sometimes occur when this method is used. —Solutions may be impossible to obtain for certain initial estimated values. Should this happen, try inputting another value that you assume to be in the vicinity of the solution and perform the calculation again.
Page 135: What To Do When An Error Occurs
7-5 What to Do When an Error Occurs u u u u u Error during coefficient value input Press the A key to clear the error and return to the value that was registered for the coefficient before you input the value that generated the error. Try inputting a new value again.
Page 136: Chapter 8 Graphing
Chapter Graphing A collection of versatile graphing tools plus a large 127 ! 63-dot display makes it easy to draw a variety of function graphs quickly and easily. This calculator is capable of drawing the following types of graphs. • Rectangular coordinate (Y =) graphs •...
Page 137: Before Trying To Draw A Graph
8-1 Before Trying to Draw a Graph k k k k k Entering the Graph Mode On the Main Menu, select the GRAPH icon and enter the GRAPH Mode. When you do, the Graph Function menu appears on the display. You can use this menu to store, edit, and recall functions and to draw their graphs.
Page 138: View Window (V-Window) Settings
8-2 View Window (V-Window) Settings Use the View Window to specify the range of the -and -axes, and to set the spacing between the increments on each axis. You should always set the View Window parameters you want to use before drawing a graph. 1.
Page 139 8 - 2 View Window (V-Window) Settings The nearby illustration shows the meaning , " ) or of each of these parameters. pitch ( X, Y ) 3. To exit the View Window, press J or ! Q. • Pressing w without inputting any value also exits the View Window. •...
Page 140 8 - 2 View Window (V-Window) Settings k k k k k Initializing and Standardizing the View Window u u u u u To initialize the View Window You can use either of the following two methods to initialize the View Window. Normal initialization Press !3 (V-Window) 1 (INIT) to initialize the View Window to the following settings.
Page 141 8 - 2 View Window (V-Window) Settings k k k k k View Window Memory You can store up to six sets of View Window settings in View Window memory for recall when you need them. u u u u u To store View Window settings Inputting View Window values and then pressing 4 (STO) 1 (V·W1) stores the View Window contents in View Window memory V·W1.
Page 142: Graph Function Operations
8-3 Graph Function Operations You can store up to 20 functions in memory. Functions in memory can be edited, recalled, and graphed. k k k k k Specifying the Graph Type Before you can store a graph function in memory, you must first specify its graph type.
Page 143 8 - 3 Graph Function Operations u u u u u To store a parametric function Example To store the following functions in memory areas Xt3 and Yt3 : = 3 sin T = 3 cos T 3(TYPE)3(Parm) (Specifies parametric expression.) dsvw(Inputs and stores expression.) dcvw(Inputs and stores...
Page 144 8 - 3 Graph Function Operations k k k k k Editing Functions in Memory u u u u u To edit a function in memory Example To change the expression in memory area Y1 from – 5 – 3 e (Displays cursor.) eeeed(Changes contents.) w(Stores new graph function.)
Page 145 8 - 3 Graph Function Operations u u u u u To specify the draw/non-draw status of a graph Example To select the following functions for drawing : Y1 = 2 – 5 r2 = 5 sin3 " Use the following View Window parameters. Xmin = –5 Ymin...
Page 146 8 - 3 Graph Function Operations • You can use the set up screen settings to alter the appearance of the graph screen as shown below. • Grid: On This setting causes dots to appear at the grid intersects on the display. •...
Page 147: Graph Memory
8 - 3 Graph Function Operations 8-4 Graph Memory Graph memory lets you store up to six sets of graph function data and recall it later when you need it. A single save operation saves the following data in graph memory. •...
Page 148 8-5 Drawing Graphs Manually After you select the RUN icon in the Main Menu and enter the RUN Mode, you can draw graphs manually. First press ! 4 (Sketch) 5 (GRPH) to recall the Graph Command Menu, and then input the graph function. •...
Page 149: Drawing Graphs Manually
8 - 5 Drawing Graphs Manually u u u u u To graph using polar coordinates ( [Sketch]-[GRPH]-[r=] You can graph functions that can be expressed in the format ( " ). Example To graph = 2 sin3 " Use the following View Window parameters. Xmin = –3 Ymin...
Page 150 8 - 5 Drawing Graphs Manually u u u u u To graph parametric functions [Sketch]-[GRPH]-[Parm] You can graph parametric functions that can be expressed in the following format. (X, Y) = ( (T), (T)) Example To graph the following parametric functions: = 7 cos T –...
Page 151 8 - 5 Drawing Graphs Manually 2. Input the expression. !4(Sketch)1(Cls)w 5(GRPH)4(X = c)d 3. Press w to draw the graph. u u u u u To graph inequalities [Sketch]-[GRPH]-[Y>]/[Y<]/[Y & ]/[Y You can graph inequalities that can be expressed in the following four formats. >...
Page 152 8 - 5 Drawing Graphs Manually u u u u u To draw an integration graph [Sketch]-[GRPH]-[G%dx] You can graph an integration calculation performed using the function Example To graph the following, with a tolerance of “tol” = 1 - 4: + 2) ( –...
Page 153 8-6 Other Graphing Functions The functions described in this section tell you how to read the - and -coordi- nates at a given point, and how to zoom in and zoom out on a graph. • These functions can be used with rectangular coordinate, polar coordinate, parametric, X = constant, and inequality graphs only.
Page 154: Other Graphing Functions
8 - 6 Other Graphing Functions 1. After drawing the graphs, press 1 (Trace) to make the pointer appear at the far left of the graph. • The pointer may not be visible on the graph when you press 1 (Trace). 2.
Page 155 8 - 6 Other Graphing Functions • The following shows how the display of coordinates and the derivative changes according to the Graph Type setting. • Rectangular Coordinate Graph • Polar Coordinate Graph • Parametric Function Graph • X = Constant Graph •...
Page 156 8 - 6 Other Graphing Functions k k k k k Graphing in a Specific Range You can use the following syntax when inputting a graph to specify a start point and end point. <function> , ! [ <start point> , <end point> ! ] w –...
Page 157 8 - 6 Other Graphing Functions 6(DRAW) (Draws graph.) • The function that is input using the above syntax can have only one variable. • You cannot use X, Y, , " , or T as the variable name. • You cannot assign a variable to the variable in the function. •...
Page 158 8 - 6 Other Graphing Functions u u u u u To use box zoom [Zoom]-[BOX] With box zoom, you draw a box on the display to specify a portion of the graph, and then enlarge the contents of the box. Example To use box zoom to enlarge a portion of the graph + 5)
Page 159 8 - 6 Other Graphing Functions • To return to the original graph, press 2 (Zoom) 6 (g) 1 (ORIG). • Nothing happens if you try to locate the second corner at the same location or directly above the first corner. •...
Page 160 8 - 6 Other Graphing Functions 4. Press J to return to the graphs, and then press 3 (IN) to enlarge them. This enlarged screen makes it clear that the graphs of the two expressions are not tangential. Note that the above procedure can also be used to reduce the size of a graph (zoom out).
Page 161 8 - 6 Other Graphing Functions k k k k k Graph Range Adjustment Function [Zoom]-[SQR] This function makes the View Window -range value the same as the -range value. It is helpful when drawing circular graphs. Example To graph = 5sin "...
Page 162 8 - 6 Other Graphing Functions 2. Press 2 (Zoom) 6 (g). 3. Press 3 (RND) and then 1 (Trace). Use e to move the pointer to the other intersection. The rounded coordinate values for the pointer position appear on the screen. k k k k k Integer Function [Zoom]-[INTG] This function makes the dot width equal 1, converts axis values to integers, and...
Page 163 8 - 6 Other Graphing Functions k k k k k Notes on the Auto View Window, Graph Range Adjustment, Coordinate Rounding, and Integer Functions • These functions can be used with all graphs. • These functions cannot be incorporated into programs. •...
Page 164: Picture Memory
8-7 Picture Memory You can save up to six graphic image in picture memory for later recall. You can overdraw the graph on the screen with another graph stored in picture memory. u u u u u To store a graph in picture memory Pressing K1(PICT)1(STO)1(Pic1) stores the graph drawn on the display in picture memory Pic1.
Page 165: Graph Background
8-8 Graph Background You can use the set up screen to specify the memory contents of any picture memory area (Pict 1 through Pict 6) as the Background item. When you do, the contents of the corresponding memory area is used as the background of the graph screen.
Page 166 8 - 8 Graph Background Example 2 With a statistical histogram as the background, graph a normal distribution Recall the backgound graph. (Histogram) Graph the normal distribution. P.249 • See “18. Statistical Graphs and Calculations” for details on drawing a statistical graphs.
Page 167: Chapter 9 Graph Solve
Chapter Graph Solve You can use any of the following methods to analyze function graphs and approximate results. • Root extraction • Determination of the maximum and minimum • Determination of the -intercept • Determination of the intersection of two graphs •...
Page 168: Before Using Graph Solve
9-1 Before Using Graph Solve After using the GRAPH Mode to draw the graph, press ! 5 (G-Solv) to display a function menu that contains the following items. • {ROOT}/{MAX}/{MIN}/{Y-ICPT}/{ISCT} ... {root}/{maximum}/{minimum/ {y-intercept}/{intersections of two graphs} • {Y-CAL}/{X-CAL}/{ dx} ... {y-coordinate for a given x-coordinate}/{x-coordinate for a given y-coordinate}/{integral for a given range}...
Page 169: Analyzing A Function Graph
9-2 Analyzing a Function Graph The following two graphs are used for all of the examples in this section, except for the example for determining the points of intersection for two graphs. Memory location Y1 = Y2 = + 2) –...
Page 170 9 - 2 Analyzing a Function Graph Search for the next root to the right. • If there is no root to the right, nothing happens when you press e. • You can use d to move back to the left. •...
Page 171 9 - 2 Analyzing a Function Graph Specify the graph and determine the minimum. !5(G-Solv) 3(MIN) cw • If there is more than one maximum/minimum, you can use d and e to move between them. • If there is only one graph, pressing 2 (MAX) / 3 (MIN) directly displays the maximum/minimum (selection of the graph is not required).
Page 172 9 - 2 Analyzing a Function Graph k k k k k Determining Points of Intersection for Two Graphs Example To draw the following three graphs and then determine the points of intersection for the Graph Y1 and Graph Y3. View Window: (A) Y1 = Y2 =...
Page 173 9 - 2 Analyzing a Function Graph k k k k k Determining a Coordinate ( for a given for a given Example To determine the -coordinate for = 0.5 and the -coordinate for y = 3.2 in the graph y = x (x + 2) (x – 2) View Window: (B) !5(G-Solv)6(g)1(Y-CAL) Specify a graph.
Page 174 9 - 2 Analyzing a Function Graph • If there is more than one -coordinate value for a given -coordinate value or more than one -coordinate value for a given -coordinate value, use e and d to move between them. •...
Page 175 9 - 2 Analyzing a Function Graph Input the upper limit and determine the integral. e~e(Upper limit; = 0) • The lower limit must be less than the upper limit when specifying the integration range. • Note that the above operation can be performed on rectangular coordinate (Y=) graphs only.
Page 176: Chapter 10 Sketch Function
Chapter Sketch Function The sketch function lets you draw lines and graphs on an existing graph. • Note that Sketch function operation in the STAT, GRAPH, TABLE, RECUR and CONICS Modes is different from Sketch function operation in the RUN and PRGM Modes. 10-1 Before Using the Sketch Function 10-2 Graphing with the Sketch Function...
Page 177: Before Using The Sketch Function
10-1 Before Using the Sketch Function Press ! 4 (Sketch) to display the sketch menu. STAT, GRAPH, TABLE, RECUR, CONICS Mode P.166 • {Cls} ... {clears drawn line and point} P.155 • {Tang}/{Norm}/{Inv} ... {tangent}/{line normal to a curve}/{inverse graph} P.157 •...
Page 178: Graphing With The Sketch Function
10-2 Graphing with the Sketch Function The sketch function lets you draw lines and plot points on a graph that is already on the screen. All the examples in this section that show operations in the STAT, GRAPH, TABLE, RECUR, and CONICS Modes are based on the assumption that the following P.112 function has already been graphed in the GRAPH Mode.
Page 179 10 - 2 Graphing with the Sketch Function u u u u u To draw a tangent in the RUN or PRGM Mode The following is the command syntax for drawing a tangent in these modes. Tangent <graph function>, < -coordinate>...
Page 180 10 - 2 Graphing with the Sketch Function 3. Press w to draw the line. u u u u u To draw a line normal to a curve in the RUN or PRGM Mode The following is the syntax for drawing a line normal to a curve in these modes. Normal <graph function>, <...
Page 181 10 - 2 Graphing with the Sketch Function k k k k k Plotting Points [Sketch]-[PLOT] When plotting points on a graph, first display the sketch menu and then press 6 (g) 1 (PLOT) to display the plot menu. • {Plot} ... {plot a point} •...
Page 182 10 - 2 Graphing with the Sketch Function 1. After entering the RUN Mode, display the sketch menu and perform the following operation. !4(Sketch)6(g) 1(PLOT)1(Plot)c,c 2. Press w and the pointer appears on the display. Press w again to plot a point.
Page 183 10 - 2 Graphing with the Sketch Function u u u u u To turn plot points on and off in the RUN or PRGM Mode The following are the syntax for turning plot points on and off in these modes. •...
Page 184 10 - 2 Graphing with the Sketch Function 4. Display the sketch menu and then press 6 (g) 2 (LINE) 1 (Line) to draw a line to the second dot. u u u u u To draw a line between any two points in the STAT, GRAPH, TABLE, RECUR and CONICS Modes [Sketch]-[LINE]-[F·Line] Example...
Page 185 10 - 2 Graphing with the Sketch Function k k k k k Drawing a Circle [Sketch]-[Crcl] You can use the following procedures to draw a circle on a graph. u u u u u To draw a circle in the STAT, GRAPH, TABLE, RECUR and CONICS Modes Example To draw a circle with a radius of R = 1 centered at point (1, 0)
Page 186 10 - 2 Graphing with the Sketch Function k k k k k Drawing Vertical and Horizontal Lines [Sketch]-[Vert]/[Hztl] The procedures presented here draw vertical and horizontal lines that pass through a specific coordinate. u u u u u To draw vertical and horizontal lines in the STAT, GRAPH, TABLE, RECUR and CONICS Modes Example To draw a vertical line on the graph of...
Page 187 10 - 2 Graphing with the Sketch Function Example To draw on the graph of + 2)( – 2) 1. After drawing a graph, display the sketch menu and then press 6 (g) 6 (g) 1 (PEN) to display the pointer in the center of the screen. 2.
Page 188 10 - 2 Graphing with the Sketch Function u u u u u To insert text in the RUN or PRGM Mode The following is the syntax for inserting text in these modes. Text <line number>, <column number>, “<text>” • The line number can be specified within the range of 1 to 63, while the column number can be specified in the range of 1 to 127.
Page 189 10 - 2 Graphing with the Sketch Function u u u u u To check the on/off status of a pixel [Sketch]-[Test] While the sketch menu is on the screen, press 6 (g) 6 (g) 4 (Test) and then input the command shown below to check the status of the specified pixel. 1 is returned when the pixel is on, and 0 is returned when the pixel is off.
Page 190: Chapter 11 Dual Graph
Chapter Dual Graph Dual Graph lets you split the display between two different screens, which you can then use to draw different graphs at the same time. Dual Graph gives you valuable graph analysis capabilities. • You should be familiar with the contents of “8-3 Graph Function Operations”...
Page 191: Before Using Dual Graph
11-1 Before Using Dual Graph 1. From the Main Menu, enter the GRAPH Mode. Next, display the set up screen and specify “Graph” for Dual Screen. 2. Press J. • For further details about the function key menu at the bottom of the display, see P.112 “8-1 Before Trying to Draw a Graph”.
Page 192: Specifying The Left And Right View Window Parameters
11 - 1 Before Using Dual Graph 11-2 Specifying the Left and Right View Window Parameters You can specify different View Window parameter for the left and right sides of the graph display. u u u u u To specify View Window parameters Press !3 (V-Window) to display the View Window parameter setting screen for the active (left side) graph.
Page 193: Drawing A Graph In The Active Screen
11-3 Drawing a Graph in the Active Screen You can draw graphs only in the active screen. You can then copy or move the graph to the inactive screen. u u u u u Drawing a graph in the active screen Example To draw the graph of + 1) (...
Page 194: Displaying A Graph In The Inactive Screen
11-4 Displaying a Graph in the Inactive Screen There are two methods you can use to display a graph in the inactive screen. You can copy a graph from the active screen to the inactive screen, or you can move the graph from the active screen to the inactive screen.
Page 195 11 - 4 Displaying a Graph in the Inactive Screen k k k k k Switching the Contents of the Active and Inactive Screens Switch the screens. K2(SWAP) • Note that using 2 (SWAP) to switch the screens also switches their View Window parameters.
Page 196 11 - 4 Displaying a Graph in the Inactive Screen Swap the screens so the graph is on the inactive (right) screen. K2(SWAP) Select the function for the graph that you want in the now-empty active (left) screen. A1(SEL) Draw the graph. 6(DRAW) •...
Page 197 11 - 4 Displaying a Graph in the Inactive Screen k k k k k Other Graph Functions with Dual Graph After drawing a graph using Dual Graph, you can use the trace, zoom, sketch and scroll functions. Note, however, that these functions are available only for the P.128 active (left) graph.
Page 198: Chapter 12 Graph-To-Table
Chapter Graph-to-Table With this function, the screen shows both a graph and a table. You can move a pointer around the graph and store its current coordinates inside the table whenever you want. This function is very useful for summarizing graph analysis results. •...
Page 199: Before Using Graph-To-Table
12-1 Before Using Graph-to-Table 1. In the Main Menu, select the GRAPH icon and enter the GRAPH Mode. Next, use the set up screen to set the Dual Screen item to “G to T”. 2. Press J and the Graph-to-Table menu appears. •...
Page 200: Using Graph-To-Table
12-2 Using Graph-to-Table u u u u u To store graph pointer coordinates in a table • If the Derivative item in the set up screen is set to “On”, the derivative at the location of the trace pointer is also stored in the table. Example To store the points of intersection and the coordinates for the following graphs where X = 0:...
Page 201 12 - 2 Using Graph-to-Table 6. Pressing A causes the highlighting to appear in the table. You can then use the cursor keys to move the highlighting around the table and check its values. Press A again to return the pointer to the graph screen.
Page 202 12 - 2 Using Graph-to-Table k k k k k Graph-to-Table Precautions • The only coordinates that can be saved in the table are those where the pointer can move to using trace and graph solve. • The only graph functions that can be used with a graph produced using the Graph-to-Table are: trace, scroll, zoom, and graph solve (excluding integra- tion calculations).
Page 203: Chapter 13 Dynamic Graph
Chapter Dynamic Graph The Dynamic Graph Mode of this calculator shows you real-time representations of changes in a graph as coefficients and terms are changed. It lets you see what happens to a graph when such changes are made. For example, you can see the graph change as illustrated here as the value of coefficient A changes in the formula 13-1...
Page 204: Before Using Dynamic Graph
13-1 Before Using Dynamic Graph In the Main Menu, select the DYNA icon and enter the DYNA Mode. When you do the dynamic function list appears on the screen. Selected memory area Press c and f to move. • {SEL} ... {dynamic Graph draw/non-draw status} •...
Page 205: Storing, Editing, And Selecting Dynamic Graph Functions
13-2 Storing, Editing, and Selecting Dynamic Graph Functions In addition to the seven built-in functions, you can input 20 of your own Dynamic Functions. Once a function is stored in memory, it can be edited and selected when needed for graphing. All of the procedures you need to use for storing, editing, and selecting Dynamic Graph functions are identical to those you use in the GRAPH Mode.
Page 206: Drawing A Dynamic Graph
13-3 Drawing a Dynamic Graph The following is the general procedure you should use to draw a Dynamic Graph. 1. Select or input a function. 2. Define the dynamic coefficient. • This is a coefficient whose value changes in order to produce the different graphs.
Page 207 13 - 3 Drawing a Dynamic Graph 2. Display the coefficient menu. 4(VAR) or w Function being graphed Coefficient whose value will change Coefficients in function • {SEL} ... {selects dynamic coefficient} • {RANG} ... {dynamic coefficient range settings} • {SPEED} ... {dynamic Graph drawing speed} •...
Page 208 13 - 3 Drawing a Dynamic Graph 5. Change the range settings. cw J • If you want to change the Dynamic Graph speed, press 3 (SPEED). 2 3 4 5 6 You can set the Dynamic Graph speed to any one of the following settings. P.188 Stop &...
Page 209 13 - 3 Drawing a Dynamic Graph " " The above sequence continues to repeat from 1 through 4. Graph is drawn 10 times. • While the message “One Moment Please!” is shown on the display, you can press A to interrupt drawing of the graph and return to the coefficient range setting display.
Page 210 13 - 3 Drawing a Dynamic Graph • Pressing A while the Dynamic Graph is being drawn changes to the drawing speed setting display. The draw operation is suspended at this time, and you can view the graph by pressing !6 (G%T). •...
Page 211 13 - 3 Drawing a Dynamic Graph 2. Start drawing of the Dynamic Graph. 6(DYNA) ···" #··· • Pressing A while the Dynamic Graph is being drawn changes to the drawing speed setting display. The draw operation is suspended at this time, and you can view the graph by pressing !6 (G%T).
Page 212: Using Dynamic Graph Memory
13-4 Using Dynamic Graph Memory You can store Dynamic Graph conditions and screen data in Dynamic Graph memory for later recall when you need it. This lets you save time, because you can recall the data and immediately begin a Dynamic Graph draw operation. Note that you can store one set of data in memory at any one time.
Page 213: Dynamic Graph Application Examples
13 - 3 Drawing a Dynamic Graph 13-5 Dynamic Graph Application Examples Example To use Dynamic Graph to graph the parabolas produced by balls thrown in the air at an initial velocity of 20m/second, at angles of 30, 45, and 60 degrees. (Angle: Deg) Use the following View Window parameters.
Page 214: Chapter 14 Implicit Function Graphs
Chapter Implicit Function Graphs You can graph any one of the following types of implicit functions using the calculator’s built-in functions. • Parabolic graph • Circle graph • Elliptical graph • Hyperbolic graph 14-1 Before Graphing an Implicit Function 14-2 Graphing an Implicit Function 14-3 Implicit Function Graph Analysis...
Page 215: Before Graphing An Implicit Function
14-1 Before Graphing an Implicit Function k k k k k Entering the CONICS Mode 1. In the Main Menu, select the CONICS icon and enter the CONICS Mode. When you do, the following built in function menu appears on the screen. 2.
Page 216: Graphing An Implicit Function
14-2 Graphing an Implicit Function Example 1 To graph the circle (X – 1) + (Y – 1) Use the following View Window parameters. Xmin = –6.3 Ymin = –3.1 Xmax = 6.3 Ymax = 3.1 Xscale = 1 Yscale = 1 1.
Page 217 14 - 2 Graphing an Implicit Function (X – 3) (Y – 1) Example 2 To graph the hyperbola –––––––––– – –––––––––– = 1 Use the following View Window parameters. Xmin = –8 Ymin = –10 Xmax = 12 Ymax = 10 Xscale = 1 Yscale = 1.
Page 218 14 - 2 Graphing an Implicit Function • Implicit function graphs can be drawn in blue only. • You cannot overwrite implicit function graphs. • The calculator automatically clears the screen before drawing a new implicit function graph. • You can use trace, scroll, zoom, or sketch after graphing an implicit function. However, an implicit function graph cannot be scrolled while using trace.
Page 219 14 - 2 Graphing an Implicit Function • A hyperbola is the locus of points related to two given points F and F’ such that the difference in distances of each point from the two given points is constant. Points F and F’ are the “foci,” points A and A’ where the hyperbola intersects the x-axis are the “vertexes,”...
Page 220: Implicit Function Graph Analysis
14-3 Implicit Function Graph Analysis You can determine approximations of the following analytical results using implicit function graphs. • Focus/vertex calculation • Latus rectum calculation • Center/radius calculation • -intercept calculation • Directrix/axis of symmetry drawing and analysis • Asymptote drawing and analysis After graphing an implicit function, press 5 (G-Solv) to display the Graph Analysis Menu.
Page 221 14 - 3 Implicit Function Graph Analysis 5 (G-Solv) 1 (FOCS) (Calculates the focus.) 5 (G-Solv) 4 (VTX) (Calculates the vertex.) • When calculating two foci for an ellipse or hyperbolic graph, press e to calculate the second focus. Pressing d returns to the first focus. •...
Page 222 14 - 3 Implicit Function Graph Analysis 5 (G-Solv) 1 (CNTR) (Calculates the center.) 5 (G-Solv) 2 (RADS) (Calculates the radius.) u u u u u To calculate the - and -intercepts [G-Solv]-[X-IN]/[Y-IN] Example To determine the - and -intercepts for the hyperbola (X –...
Page 223 14 - 3 Implicit Function Graph Analysis u u u u u To draw and analyze the axis of symmetry and directrix [G-Solv]-[SYM]/[DIR] Example To draw the axis of symmetry and directrix for the parabola X = 2(Y – 1) Use the following View Window parameters.
Page 224 14 - 3 Implicit Function Graph Analysis • Certain View Window parameters can produce errors in values produced as graph analysis result. • The message ”Not Found” appears on the display when graph analysis is unable to produce a result. •...
Page 225: Chapter 15 Table & Graph
Chapter Table & Graph With Table & Graph, you can generate tables of discreet data from functions and recursion formulas, and then use the values for graphing. Because of this, Table & Graph makes it easy to grasp the nature of numeric tables and recursion formulas. 15-1 Before Using Table &...
Page 226: Before Using Table & Graph
15-1 Before Using Table & Graph First select the TABLE icon on the Main Menu and then enter the TABLE Mode. When you do, the table function list appears on the display. • {SEL} ... {numeric table generation/non-generation status} • {DEL} ... {function delete} •...
Page 227: Storing A Function And Generating A Numeric Table
15-2 Storing a Function and Generating a Numeric Table u u u u u To store a function Example To store the function – 2 in memory area Y1 Use f and c to move the highlighting in the TABLE Mode function list to the memory area where you want to store the function.
Page 228 15 - 2 Storing a Function and Generating a Numeric Table u u u u u To generate a table using a list 1. In the TABLE Mode, display the set up screen. 2. Highlight Variable and then press 2 (LIST) to display the list menu. 3.
Page 229 15 - 2 Storing a Function and Generating a Numeric Table You can use cursor keys to move the highlighting around the table for the following purposes. • To display the selected cell’s value at the bottom of the screen, using the calculator’s current number of decimal place, number of significant digit, and exponential display range settings.
Page 230: Editing And Deleting Functions
15 - 2 Storing a Function and Generating a Numeric Table 15-3 Editing and Deleting Functions u u u u u To edit a function Example To change the function in memory area Y1 from – 2 to – 5 Use f and c to move the highlighting to the function you want to edit.
Page 231: Editing Tables And Drawing Graphs
15-4 Editing Tables and Drawing Graphs You can use the table menu to perform any of the following operations once you generate a table. • Change the values of variable • Edit (delete, insert, and append) rows • Delete a table •...
Page 232 15 - 4 Editing Tables and Drawing Graphs k k k k k Row Operations The following menu appears whenever you press 3 (ROW) while the table menu is on the display. • {DEL} ... {delete row} • {INS} ... {insert row} •...
Page 233 15 - 4 Editing Tables and Drawing Graphs k k k k k Deleting a Table 1. Display the table you want to delete and then press 2 (DEL). 2. Press 1 (YES) to delete the table or 6 (NO) to abort the operation without deleting anything.
Page 234 15 - 4 Editing Tables and Drawing Graphs u u u u u To graph only a selected function Example To graph – 2, which is stored in memory area Y1, as a connect type graph. Use the following View Window parameters. Xmin Ymin –2...
Page 235 15 - 4 Editing Tables and Drawing Graphs u u u u u To graph a function using Dual Screen Selecting “T+G” for the Dual Screen item of the set up screen makes it possible to display both the graph and its numeric table of values. Example To graph –...
Page 236: Copying A Table Column To A List
15-5 Copying a Table Column to a List A simple operation lets you copy the contents of a numeric table column into a list. u u u u u To copy a table to a list Example To copy the contents of Column into List 1 K1(LIST)2(LMEM) 2 3 4 5 6...
Page 237: Chapter 16 Recursion Table And Graph
Chapter Recursion Table and Graph You can input two formulas for any of the three following types of recursion, which you can then use to generate a table and draw graphs. • General term of sequence { }, made up of •...
Page 238: Before Using The Recursion Table And Graph Function
16-1 Before Using the Recursion Table and Graph Function u u u u u To enter the RECUR Mode On the Main Menu, select the RECUR icon and enter the RECUR Mode. This causes the Recursion Menu to appear. Selected storage area Press f and c to move.
Page 239: Inputting A Recursion Formula And Generating A Table
16-2 Inputting a Recursion Formula and Generating a Table Example 1 To input + 1 and generate a table of values as the value of change from 1 to 6 Make = 1. 1. Specify the recursion formula type as linear recursion between two terms and then input the formula.
Page 240 16 - 2 Inputting a Recursion Formula and Generating a Table • Displayed cell values show positive integers up to six digits, and negative integers up to five digits (one digit used for negative sign). Exponential display can use up to three significant digits. •...
Page 241 16 - 2 Inputting a Recursion Formula and Generating a Table 4. Display the table of the recursion formula. At this time, a menu of table functions appears at the bottom of the screen. J6(TABL) Currently selected cell (up to six digits) Value in currently highlighted cell •...
Page 242 16 - 2 Inputting a Recursion Formula and Generating a Table u u u u u To specify the generation/non-generation status of a formula Example To specify generation of a table for recursion formula + 1 while there are two formulas stored c1(SEL+C) (Selects recursion formula to which non-generation status is to be...
Page 243: Editing Tables And Drawing Graphs
16-3 Editing Tables and Drawing Graphs You get a choice of four options for editing tables and drawing graphs. • Deletion of a recursion formula table • Drawing of a connect type graph • Drawing of a plot type graph •...
Page 244 16 - 3 Editing Tables and Drawing Graphs u u u u u To specify the color of the graph The default color for a graph is blue. Use the following procedure to change the graph color to orange or green. 1.
Page 245 16 - 3 Editing Tables and Drawing Graphs Example 2 Draw a graph of + 1 with " on the vertical axis and on the horizontal axis, and with the points unconnected. Use the same View Window parameters as those provided in Example 1.
Page 246 16 - 3 Editing Tables and Drawing Graphs 2. Press w, and the pointer appears at the pointer start point ( Str = 0.01). • The Y value for the pointer start point is always 0. 3. Each press of w draws web-like lines on the display. This graph indicates that recursion formula = –3 is convergent.
Page 247 16 - 3 Editing Tables and Drawing Graphs 2. Press w and then either f or c to make the pointer appear at the pointer start point ( Str = 0.02). • The Y value for the pointer start point is always 0. 3.
Page 248 16 - 3 Editing Tables and Drawing Graphs k k k k k Drawing a Recursion Formula Graph Using Dual Screen Selecting “T+G” for the Dual Screen item of the set up screen makes it possible to display both the graph and its numerical table of values. P.224 Example To draw the graph of...
Page 249: Chapter 17 List Function
Chapter List Function A list is a kind of container that you can use to store multiple data items. This calculator lets you store up to six lists in a single file, and you can store up to six files in memory. Stored lists can be used in arithmetic, statistical, and matrix calculations, and for graphing.
Page 250: List Data Linking
List Data Linking Operation Graph List operation Example: List 1 + List 2 {1, 2, 3} + {4, 5, 6} List 1 + 3 List internal operations List graphing Y1=List 1X From a graph to a list Table data generated by GRAPH TO TABLE to a list LIST Copying the column of a...
Page 251: List Operations
17-1 List Operations Select the LIST icon in the Main Menu and enter the LIST Mode to input data into a list and to manipulate list data. u u u u u To input values one-by-one Use the cursor keys to move the highlighting to the list name or cell you want to select.
Page 252 17 - 1 List Operations u u u u u To batch input a series of values 1. Use the cursor keys to move the highlighting to another list. 2. Press !{, and then input the values you want, pressing , between each one.
Page 253: Editing And Rearranging Lists
17-2 Editing and Rearranging Lists k k k k k Editing List Values u u u u u To change a cell value Use d or e to move the highlighting to the cell whose value you want to change. Input the new value and press w to replace the old data with the new one.
Page 254 17 - 2 Editing and Rearranging Lists u u u u u To insert a new cell 1. Use the cursor keys to move the highlighting to the location where you want to insert the new cell. 2. Press 5 (INS) to insert a new cell, which contains a value of 0, causing everything below it to be shifted down.
Page 255 17 - 2 Editing and Rearranging Lists 3. In response to the “Select List (L)” prompt, input the number of the list you want to sort. Here we will input 2 to specify sorting of List 2. Descending order Use the same procedure as that for the ascending order sort. The only difference is that you should press 2 (SRT-D) in place of 1 (SRT-A).
Page 256 17 - 2 Editing and Rearranging Lists Descending order Use the same procedure as that for the ascending order sort. The only difference is that you should press 2 (SRT-D) in place of 1 (SRT-A). • You can sort up to six lists at one time. •...
Page 257: Manipulating List Data
17-3 Manipulating List Data List data can be used in arithmetic and function calculations. In addition, various list data manipulation functions makes manipulation of list data quick and easy. You can use list data manipulation functions in the RUN, STAT, MAT, LIST, TABLE, EQUA and PRGM Modes.
Page 258 17 - 3 Manipulating List Data Example To create five data items (each of which contains 0) in List 1 AfaK1(LIST) 3(Dim) 1(List) bw Use the following procedure to specify the number of data rows and columns, and the matrix name in the assignment statement and create a matrix. !{<number of row >...
Page 259 17 - 3 Manipulating List Data Example To input the number sequence 1 , 11 into a list Use the following settings. Variable: Ending value: 11 Starting value: 1 Pitch: 5 AK1(LIST)5(Seq)v x,v,b,bb,f)w Specifying an ending value of 12, 13, 14, or 15 produces the same result as shown above, because all of them are less than the value produced by the next increment (16).
Page 260 17 - 3 Manipulating List Data u u u u u To find which of two lists contains the greatest value [OPTN]-[LIST]-[Max] Use the same procedure as that for the smallest value, except press 2 (Max) in place of 1 (Min). •...
Page 261 17 - 3 Manipulating List Data u u u u u To calculate the median of values of specified frequency [OPTN]-[LIST]-[Med] This procedure uses two lists: one that contains values and one that contains the number of occurrences of each value. The frequency of the data in Cell 1 of the first list is indicated by the value in Cell 1 of the second list, etc.
Page 262 17 - 3 Manipulating List Data Example To calculate the cumulative frequency of each value in List 1 (2, 3, 6, 5, 4) AK1(LIST)6(g)6(g) 3(Cuml)6(g)1(List)bw 2+3= 2+3+6= 2+3+6+5= 2+3+6+5+4= u u u u u To calculate the percentage represented by each value [OPTN]-[LIST]-[%] K1(LIST)6(g)6(g)4(%)6(g)1(List)<list number 1-6>w •...
Page 263 17 - 3 Manipulating List Data • You can specify the location of the new list (List 1 through List 6) with a statement like: A List 1 " List 2. You cannot specify another memory or ListAns as the destination of the A List operation. An error also occurs if you specify a A List as the destination of the results of another A List operation.
Page 264: Arithmetic Calculations Using Lists
17-4 Arithmetic Calculations Using Lists You can perform arithmetic calculations using two lists or one list and a numeric value. ListAns Memory Calculation results are List List List stored in ListAns Memory. Numeric Value Numeric Value ÷ k k k k k Error Messages •...
Page 265 17 - 4 Arithmetic Calculations Using Lists Example 1 To input the list: 56, 82, 64 !{fg,ic, ge!} Example 2 To multiply List 3 by the list K1(LIST)1(List)d*!{g,a,e!}w The resulting list is stored in ListAns Memory. u u u u u To assign the contents of one list to another list Use a to assign the contents of one list to another list.
Page 266 17 - 4 Arithmetic Calculations Using Lists k k k k k Recalling List Contents Example To recall the contents of List 1 K1(LIST)1(List)bw • The above operation displays the contents of the list you specify and also stores them in ListAns Memory. You can then use the ListAns Memory contents in a calculation.
Page 267 17 - 4 Arithmetic Calculations Using Lists –0.158 The resulting list 0.8268 is stored in ListAns Memory. –8E–3 In place of the 1 (List) d operation in the above procedure, you could input !{ eb,gf,cc!}. List 2 Example 2 To use List 1 and List 2 to perform List 1 List1MList2w...
Page 268: Switching Between List Files
17-5 Switching Between List Files You can store up to six lists (List 1 to List 6) in each file (File 1 to File 6). A simple operation lets you switch between list files. u u u u u To switch between list files In the Main Menu, select the LIST icon and enter the LIST Mode.
Page 269: Chapter 18 Statistical Graphs And Calculations
Chapter Statistical Graphs and Calculations This chapter describes how to input statistical data into lists, how to calculate the mean, maximum and other statistical values, how to perform various statistical tests, how to determine the confi- dence interval, and how to produce a distribution of statistical data.
Page 270: Before Performing Statistical Calculations
18-1 Before Performing Statistical Calculations In the Main Menu, select the STAT icon to enter the STAT Mode and display the statistical data lists. Use the statistical data lists to input data and to perform statistical calculations. Use f, c, d and e to move the highlighting around the lists.
Page 271: Paired-Variable Statistical Calculation Examples
18-2 Paired-Variable Statistical Calculation Examples Once you input data, you can use it to produce a graph and check for tendencies. You can also use a variety of different regression calculations to analyze the data. Example To input the following two data groups and perform statistical calculations 0.5, 1.2, 2.4, 4.0, 5.2 –2.1, 0.3, 1.5, 2.0, 2.4...
Page 272 18 - 2 Paired-Variable Statistical Calculation Examples While the statistical data list is on the display, perform the following procedure. !Z2(Man) J(Returns to previous menu.) • It is often difficult to spot the relationship between two sets of data (such as height and shoe size) by simply looking at the numbers.
Page 273 18 - 2 Paired-Variable Statistical Calculation Examples • Note that the StatGraph1 setting is for Graph 1 (GPH1 of the graph menu), StatGraph2 is for Graph 2, and StatGraph3 is for Graph 3. 2. Use the cursor keys to move the highlighting to the graph whose status you want to change, and press the applicable function key to change the status.
Page 274 18 - 2 Paired-Variable Statistical Calculation Examples u u u u u To display the general graph settings screen [GRPH]-[SET] Pressing 6 (SET) displays the general graph settings screen. • The settings shown here are examples only. The settings on your general graph settings screen may differ.
Page 275 18 - 2 Paired-Variable Statistical Calculation Examples u u u u u Graph Color (graph color specification) • {Blue}/{Orng}/{Grn} ... {blue}/{orange}/{green} u u u u u Outliers (outliers specification) • {On}/{Off} ... {display}/{non-display} k k k k k Drawing an Line Graph P.254 Paired data items can be used to plot a scatter diagram.
Page 276 18 - 2 Paired-Variable Statistical Calculation Examples k k k k k Displaying Statistical Calculation Results Whenever you perform a regression calculation, the regression formula parameter (such as in the linear regression ) calculation results appear on the display. You can use these to obtain statistical calculation results. Regression parameters are calculated as soon as you press a function key to select a regression type while a graph is on the display.
Page 277: Calculating And Graphing Single-Variable Statistical Data
18 - 3 Calculating and Graphing Single-Variable Statistical Data 18-3 Calculating and Graphing Single-Variable Statistical Data Single-variable data is data with only a single variable. If you are calculating the average height of the members of a class for example, there is only one variable (height).
Page 278 18 - 3 Calculating and Graphing Single-Variable Statistical Data To plot the data that falls outside the box, first specify “MedBox” as the graph type. Then, on the same screen you use to specify the graph type, turn the outliers item “On”, and draw the graph.
Page 279 18 - 3 Calculating and Graphing Single-Variable Statistical Data k k k k k Line Graph P.254 A line graph is formed by plotting the data in one list against the frequency of (Graph Type) each data item in another list and connecting the points with straight lines. (Brkn) Calling up the graph menu from the statistical data list, pressing 6 (SET), changing the settings to drawing of a line graph, and then drawing a graph creates...
Page 280 18 - 3 Calculating and Graphing Single-Variable Statistical Data minX ....minimum Q1 ....first quartile Med ....median Q3 ....third quartile .... – data mean – population standard deviation .... data mean + population standard deviation maxX ....maximum Mod ....
Page 281: Calculating And Graphing Paired-Variable Statistical Data
18-4 Calculating and Graphing Paired-Variable Statistical Data Under “Plotting a Scatter Diagram,” we displayed a scatter diagram and then performed a logarithmic regression calculation. Let’s use the same procedure to look at the various regression functions. k k k k k Linear Regression Graph P.254 Linear regression plots a straight line that passes close to as many data points as possible, and returns values for the slope and...
Page 282 18 - 4 Calculating and Graphing Paired-Variable Statistical Data 6(DRAW) a ..Med-Med graph slope b ..Med-Med graph intercept k k k k k Quadratic/Cubic/Quartic Regression Graph P.254 A quadratic/cubic/quartic regression graph represents connection of the data points of a scatter diagram. It actually is a scattering of so many points that are close enough together to be connected.
Page 283 18 - 4 Calculating and Graphing Paired-Variable Statistical Data k k k k k Logarithmic Regression Graph P.254 Logarithmic regression expresses as a logarithmic function of . The standard logarithmic regression formula is " In , so if we say that X = In , the formula corresponds to linear regression formula 6(g)1(Log)
Page 284 18 - 4 Calculating and Graphing Paired-Variable Statistical Data k k k k k Power Regression Graph P.254 Exponential regression expresses as a proportion of the power of . The standard power regression formula is , so if we take the logarithms of "...
Page 285 18 - 4 Calculating and Graphing Paired-Variable Statistical Data 6(DRAW) Gas bills, for example, tend to be higher during the winter when heater use is more frequent. Periodic data, such as gas usage, is suitable for application of sine regression. Example To perform sine regression using the gas usage data shown below...
Page 286 18 - 4 Calculating and Graphing Paired-Variable Statistical Data Execute the calculation and produce sine regression analysis results. 1(CALC) Display a sine regression graph based on the analysis results. 6(DRAW) k k k k k Residual Calculation Actual plot points ( -coordinates) and regression model distance can be calcu- lated during regression calculations.
Page 287 18 - 4 Calculating and Graphing Paired-Variable Statistical Data • Use c to scroll the list so you can view the items that run off the bottom of the screen...... mean of List data ....sum of List data &...
Page 288 18 - 4 Calculating and Graphing Paired-Variable Statistical Data k k k k k Multiple Graphs You can draw more than one graph on the same display by using the procedure P.252 under “Changing Graph Parameters” to set the graph draw (On)/non-draw (Off) status of two or all three of the graphs to draw “On”, and then pressing 6 (DRAW).
Page 289: Performing Statistical Calculations
18-5 Performing Statistical Calculations All of the statistical calculations up to this point were performed after displaying a graph. The following procedures can be used to perform statistical calculations alone. u u u u u To specify statistical calculation data lists You have to input the statistical data for the calculation you want to perform and specify where it is located before you start a calculation.
Page 290 18 - 5 Performing Statistical Calculations Now you can use the cursor keys to view the characteristics of the variables. For details on the meanings of these statistical values, see “Displaying Single- P.259 Variable Statistical Results”. k k k k k Paired-Variable Statistical Calculations In the previous examples from “Linear Regression Graph”...
Page 291 18 - 5 Performing Statistical Calculations k k k k k Estimated Value Calculation ( , ) After drawing a regression graph with the STAT Mode, you can use the RUN Mode to calculate estimated values for the regression graph's parameters.
Page 292 18 - 5 Performing Statistical Calculations k k k k k Probability Distribution Calculation and Graphing You can calculate and graph probability distributions for single-variable statistics. u u u u u Probability distribution calculations Use the RUN Mode to perform probability distribution calculations. Press K in the RUN Mode to display the option number and then press 6 (g) 3 (PROB) 6 (g) to display a function menu, which contains the following items.
Page 293 18 - 5 Performing Statistical Calculations 2. Use the STAT Mode to perform the single-variable statistical calculations. 2(CALC)6(SET) c3(List2)J1(1VAR) 3. Press m to display the Main Menu, and then enter the RUN Mode. Next, press K to display the option menu and then 6 (g) 3 (PROB) 6 (g). •...
Page 294 18 - 5 Performing Statistical Calculations k k k k k Probability Graphing You can graph a probability distribution with Graph Y = in the Sketch Mode. Example To graph probability P(0.5) Perform the following operation in the RUN Mode. !4(Sketch)1(Cls)w 5(GRPH)1(Y=)K6(g)3(PROB) 6(g)1(P()a.f)w...
Page 295: Tests
18-6 Tests Test provides a variety of different standardization-based tests. They make it possible to test whether or not a sample accurately represents the population when the standard deviation of a population (such as the entire population of a country) is known from previous tests. testing is used for market research and public opinion research that need to be performed repeatedly.
Page 296 18 - 6 Tests 2-Sample Test tests the hypothesis that there will be no change in the result for a population when a result of a sample is composed of multiple factors and one or more of the factors is removed. It could be used, for example, to test the carcino- genic effects of multiple suspected factors such as tobacco use, alcohol, vitamin deficiency, high coffee intake, inactivity, poor living habits, etc.
Page 297 18 - 6 Tests The following shows the meaning of each item in the case of list data specifica- tion. Data ....data type µ ..... population mean value test conditions (“G µ ” specifies two-tail test, “< µ ” specifies lower one-tail test, “> µ ”...
Page 298 18 - 6 Tests Perform the following key operation from the statistical result screen. J(To data input screen) cccccc(To Execute line) 6(DRAW) u u u u u 2-Sample Z Test This test is used when the sample standard deviations for two populations are known to test the hypothesis that the population means of the two populations are equal.
Page 299 18 - 6 Tests The following shows the meaning of parameter data specification items that are different from list data specification..... sample 1 mean ....sample 1 size (positive integer) ....sample 2 mean ....sample 2 size (positive integer) Example To perform a 2-Sample Test when two lists of data are input...
Page 300 18 - 6 Tests u u u u u 1-Prop Z Test This test is used to test whether data that satisfies certain criteria reaches a specific proportion. It tests the hypothesis when sample size and the number of data satisfying the criteria are specified. The 1-Prop Test is applied to standard normal distribution.
Page 301 18 - 6 Tests The following key operation can be used to draw a graph. cccc 6(DRAW) u u u u u 2-Prop Z Test This test is used to compare the proportions of two samples that satisfy certain criteria. It tests the hypothesis that the size and the number of data of two samples that satisfy the criteria are as specified.
Page 302 18 - 6 Tests 3(>)c ccfw daaw cdaw daaw 1(CALC) > ....direction of test ...... score ..... p-value ˆ p ....estimated proportion of population 1 ˆ p ....estimated proportion of population 2 ˆ p ..... estimated sample proportion ....
Page 303 18 - 6 Tests The following shows the meaning of each item in the case of list data specification. Data ....data type µ ..... population mean value test conditions (“G µ ” specifies two- tail test, “< µ ” specifies lower one-tail test, “> µ ”...
Page 304 18 - 6 Tests u u u u u 2-Sample t Test 2-Sample Test uses the sample means, variance, and sample sizes when the sample standard deviations for two populations are unknown to test the hypoth- esis that the two samples were taken from the same population. The 2-Sample Test is applied to standard normal distribution.
Page 305 18 - 6 Tests The following shows the meaning of each item in the case of list data specifica- tion. Data ....data type ....sample mean value test conditions (“G µ ” specifies two-tail µ test, “< µ ” specifies one-tail test where sample 1 is smaller than sample 2, “>...
Page 306 18 - 6 Tests G µ ....direction of test µ ...... -value ..... p-value ....degrees of freedom ....sample 1 mean ....sample 2 mean ....sample 1 standard deviation ....sample 2 standard deviation ....sample 1 size ....
Page 307 18 - 6 Tests The following shows the meaning of each item in the case of list data specifica- tion. ' & ( ....p-value test conditions (“G 0” specifies two-tail test, “< 0” specifies lower one-tail test, “> 0” specifies upper one-tail test.) XList ....
Page 308 18 - 6 Tests k k k k k Other Tests u u u u u ! Test Test sets up a number of independent groups and tests hypotheses related to the proportion of the sample included in each group. The ! Test is applied to dichotomous variables (variable with two possible values, such as yes/no).
Page 309 18 - 6 Tests ....! value ..... p-value ....degrees of freedom Expected ..expected counts (Result is always stored in MatAns.) The following key operation can be used to display the graph. 6(DRAW) u u u u u 2-Sample F Test 2-Sample Test tests the hypothesis that when a sample result is composed of multiple factors, the population result will be unchanged when one or some of the...
Page 310 18 - 6 Tests The following shows the meaning of parameter data specification items that are different from list data specification....sample 1 standard deviation ( > 0) ....sample 1 size (positive integer) ....sample 2 standard deviation ( >...
Page 311 18 - 6 Tests u u u u u Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) ANOVA tests the hypothesis that when there are multiple samples, the means of the populations of the samples are all equal. : number of populations : mean of each list : standard deviation of each MS = list...
Page 312 18 - 6 Tests 2(3)c 1(List1)c 2(List2)c 3(List3)c 1(CALC) ..... value ..... p-value ....pooled sample standard deviation ....numerator degrees of freedom ....factor sum of squares ....factor mean squares ....denominator degrees of freedom ....error sum of squares ....
Page 313: Confidence Interval
18 - 8 Confidence Interval 18-7 Confidence Interval A confidence interval is a range (interval) that includes the population mean value. A confidence interval that is too broad makes it difficult to get an idea of where the population value (true value) is located. A narrow confidence interval, on the other hand, limits the population value and makes it possible to obtain reliable results.
Page 314 18 - 7 Confidence Interval k k k k k Z Confidence Interval You can use the following menu to select from the different types of confidence interval. • {1-S}/{2-S}/{1-P}/{2-P} ... {1-Sample}/{2-Sample}/{1-Prop}/{2-Prop} Interval u u u u u 1-Sample Z Interval 1-Sample Interval calculates the confidence interval when standard deviation is known.
Page 315 18 - 7 Confidence Interval Example To calculate the 1-Sample Interval for one list of data For this example, we will obtain the Interval for the data {11.2, 10.9, 12.5, 11.3, 11.7}, when C-Level = 0.95 (95% confi- dence level) and % = 3. 1(List)c a.jfw 1(List1)c1(1)c1(CALC)
Page 316 18 - 7 Confidence Interval ....population standard deviation of sample 1 ( % > 0) ....population standard deviation of sample 2 ( % > 0) List1 ....list whose contents you want to use as sample 1 data List2 ....
Page 317 18 - 7 Confidence Interval u u u u u 1-Prop Z Interval 1-Prop Interval uses the number of data to calculate the confidence interval when the proportion is not known. The 1-Prop Interval is applied to standard normal distribution. The following is the confidence interval.
Page 318 18 - 7 Confidence Interval u u u u u 2-Prop Z Interval 2-Prop Z Interval calculates the confidence interval when the proportions of two samples are known. The 2-Prop Z Interval is applied to standard normal distribu- tion. The following is the confidence interval. : sample size 1–...
Page 319 18 - 7 Confidence Interval ˆ p ....expected p-value 1 ˆ p ....expected p-value 2 ....sample 1 size ....sample 2 size k k k k k t Confidence Interval You can use the following menu to select from two types of confidence interval.
Page 320 18 - 7 Confidence Interval Example To calculate the 1-Sample Interval for one list of data For this example, we will obtain the 1-Sample Interval for data = {11.2, 10.9, 12.5, 11.3, 11.7} when C-Level = 0.95. 1(List)c a.jfw 1(List1)c 1(1)c 1(CALC) Left ....
Page 321 18 - 7 Confidence Interval Perform the following key operation from the statistical data list. 4(INTR) 2(2-S) The following shows the meaning of each item in the case of list data specification. Data ....data type C-Level ... confidence level (0 < C-Level < 1) List1 ....
Page 322 18 - 7 Confidence Interval Example To calculate the 2-Sample Interval when two lists of data are input For this example, we will obtain the 2-Sample Interval for data 1 = {55, 54, 51, 55, 53, 53, 54, 53} and data 2 = {55.5, 52.3, 51.8, 57.2, 56.5} without pooling when C-Level = 0.95.
Page 323: Distribution
18-8 Distribution There is a variety of different types of distribution, but the most well-known is “normal distribution,” which is essential for performing statistical calculations. Normal distribution is a symmetrical distribution centered on the greatest occur- rences of mean data (highest frequency), with the frequency decreasing as you move away from the center.
Page 324 18 - 8 Distribution k k k k k Normal Distribution You can use the following menu to select from the different types of calculation. • {Npd}/{Ncd}/{InvN} ... {normal probability density}/{normal distribution probability}/{inverse cumulative normal distribution} calculation u u u u u Normal probability density Normal probability density calculates the probability that data taken from a normal distribution is less than a specific value.
Page 325 18 - 8 Distribution Perform the following key operation to display a graph. 6(DRAW) u u u u u Normal distribution probability Normal distribution probability calculates the probability of normal distribution data falling between two specific values. : lower boundary (x –...
Page 326 18 - 8 Distribution • This calculator performs the above calculation using the following: + = 1E99, –+ = –1E99 u u u u u Inverse cumulative normal distribution Inverse cumulative normal distribution calculates a value that represents the location within a normal distribution for a specific cumulative probability. f (x)dx = p ) = ? Specify the probability and use this formula to obtain the integration interval.
Page 327 18 - 8 Distribution k k k k k Student-t Distribution You can use the following menu to select from the different types of Student- distribution. • {tpd}/{tcd} ... {Student- probability density}/{Student- distribution probability} calculation u u u u u Student-t probability density Student- probability density calculates whether data taken from a distribution is...
Page 328 18 - 8 Distribution Perform the following key operation to display a graph. 6(DRAW) u u u u u Student-t distribution probability Student- distribution probability calculates the probability of distribution data falling between two specific values. : lower boundary df + 1 df +1 –...
Page 329 18 - 8 Distribution k k k k k Chi-square Distribution You can use the following menu to select from the different types of chi-square distribution. • {Cpd}/{Ccd} ... {! probability density}/{! distribution probability} calculation u u u u u ! probability density probability density calculates whether data taken from a ! distribution is less...
Page 330 18 - 8 Distribution Perform the following key operation to display a graph. 6(DRAW) u u u u u ! distribution probability distribution probability calculates the probability of ! distribution data falling between two specific values. : lower boundary –1 –...
Page 331 18 - 8 Distribution k k k k k F Distribution You can use the following menu to select from the different types of distribution. • {Fpd}/{Fcd} ... { probability density}/{ distribution probability} calculation u u u u u F probability density probability density calculates whether data taken from a distribution is less than a specific value.
Page 332 18 - 8 Distribution u u u u u F distribution probability distribution probability calculates the probability of distribution data falling between two specific values. : lower boundary n + d n + d : upper boundary – –1 Perform the following key operation from the statistical data list. 5(DIST) 4(F) 2(Fcd)
Page 333 18 - 8 Distribution u u u u u Binomial probability Binomial probability calculates whether data taken from a binomial distribution is less than a specific value. n) p = 0, 1, ·······, : success probability n – x f (x) = (1–p) (0 <...
Page 334 18 - 8 Distribution u u u u u Binomial cumulative density Binomial cumulative density calculates the probability of binomial distribution data falling between two specific values. Perform the following key operation from the statistical data list. 5(DIST) 5(BINM) 2(Bcd) The following shows the meaning of each item when data is specified using list specification.
Page 335 18 - 8 Distribution k k k k k Poisson Distribution You can use the following menu to select from the different types of Poisson distribution. • {Ppd}/{Pcd} ... {Poisson probability}/{Poisson cumulative density} calculation u u u u u Poisson probability Poisson probability calculates whether data taken from a Poisson distribution is less than a specific value.
Page 336 18 - 8 Distribution u u u u u Poisson cumulative density Poisson cumulative density calculates the probability of Poisson distribution data falling between two specific values. Perform the following key operation from the statistical data list. 5(DIST) 6(g) 1(POISN) 2(Pcd) The following shows the meaning of each item when data is specified using list specification.
Page 337 18 - 8 Distribution u u u u u Geometric probability Geometric probability calculates whether data taken from a geometric distribution is less than a specific value. = 1, 2, 3, ···) x – 1 f (x) = p(1– p) Perform the following key operation from the statistical data list.
Page 338 18 - 8 Distribution u u u u u Geometric cumulative density Geometric cumulative density calculates the probability of geometric distribution data falling between two specific values. Perform the following key operation from the statistical data list. 5(DIST) 6(g) 2(GEO) 2(Gcd) The following shows the meaning of each item when data is specified using list specification.
Page 339: Chapter 19 Financial Calculations
Chapter Financial Calculations 19-1 Before Performing Financial Calculations 19-2 Simple Interest Calculations 19-3 Compound Interest Calculations 19-4 Investment Appraisal 19-5 Amortization of a Loan 19-6 Conversion between Percentage Interest Rate and Effective Interest Rate 19-7 Cost, Selling Price, Margin Calculations 19-8 Day/Date Calculations...
Page 340: Before Performing Financial Calculations
19-1 Before Performing Financial Calculations The Financial Mode provides you with the tools to perform the following types of financial calculations. • Simple interest • Compound interest • Investment appraisal (Cash Flow) • Amortization • Interest rate conversion (annual percentage rate and effective interest rate) •...
Page 341 19 - 1 Before Performing Financial Calculations • Drawing a financial graph while the Label item is turned on, displays the label CASH for the vertical axis (deposits, withdrawals), and TIME for the horizontal axis (frequency). • The number of display digits applied in the Financial Mode is different from the number of digits used in other modes.
Page 342: Simple Interest Calculations
19-2 Simple Interest Calculations This calculator uses the following formulas to calculate simple interest. SI' = n 365-day Mode : simple interest ! PV ! i : number of simple SI' = n interest periods ! PV ! i 360-day Mode : present value : periodic interest rate : simple future value...
Page 343 19 - 2 Simple Interest Calculations Now you can perform the following key operation to return to the input screen and then display the principal plus interest. 1(REPT) (Returns to the input screen) You can also press 6(GRPH) to draw a cash flow graph. 6(GRPH) The left side is , while the right side is...
Page 344: Compound Interest Calculations
19-3 Compound Interest Calculations This calculator uses the following standard formulas to calculate compound interest. u u u u u Formula I (1 + i S)[(1 + i) –1] PV+PMT + FV i(1 + i) (1 + i) Here: : present value PV= –(PMT + FV : future value...
Page 345 19 - 3 Compound Interest Calculations PV + FV PMT = – PV + FV n = – • A deposit is indicated by a plus sign (+), while a withdrawal is indicated by a minus sign (–). u u u u u Converting between the nominal interest rate and effective interest rate The nominal interest rate ( % value input by user) is converted to an effective...
Page 346 19 - 3 Compound Interest Calculations ....payment for each installment (payment in case of loan; deposit in case of savings) ....future value (unpaid balance in case of loan; principal plus interest in case of savings) ....installment periods per year ....
Page 347 19 - 3 Compound Interest Calculations Now you can press 6 to draw a cash flow graph. 6(GRPH) The left side is , while the right side is . The upper part of the graph is positive (+), while the bottom part is negative (–). u u u u u Installment savings Input Condition: Future value is greater than the total of payments.
Page 348 19 - 3 Compound Interest Calculations Example Calculate the interest rate required to repay a $2,300 balance on a loan in two years paying back $100 per month, when interest is compounded monthly. Perform the following key operation from the input screen. c*bcw(Input = 2 ! 12.) cdaaw(...
Page 349 19 - 3 Compound Interest Calculations k k k k k Savings u u u u u Future value Example Calculate the future value after 7.6 years for a principal of $500 and an interest rate of 6%, compounded annually. Perform the following key operation from the input screen.
Page 350 19 - 3 Compound Interest Calculations Perform the following key operation from the input screen. ba*bcw(Input = 10 ! 12.) -gaaaw( = –6,000) = 0) baaaaw( = 10,000) bcw(Monthly compounding) u u u u u Compound interest period Example Calculate the amount of time required to increase an initial investment of $5,000 to a total of $10,000 at an annual rate of 4%, compounded monthly.
Page 351 19 - 3 Compound Interest Calculations Perform the following key operation from the input screen. f*bcw(Input = 5 ! 12.) = 6.0%) = 0) -cfaw bcw(Monthly installments) (Monthly compounding) Specifying “Begin” for Payment in the set up screen changes to calculation of installments at the beginning of each month.
Page 352 19 - 3 Compound Interest Calculations u u u u u Number of installments Example Calculate the number of monthly $84 installments required to accumulate a total of $6,000 at an annual interest rate of 6%, compounded annually. In the set up screen, specify “End” for Payment and then press J. Perform the following key operation from the input screen.
Page 353 19 - 3 Compound Interest Calculations Perform the following key operation from the input screen. b*bcw(Input = 1 ! 12.) e.fw -baaaw( = –1,000) -faaw( = –500) bcw(Monthly installments) (Monthly compounding) u u u u u Borrowing power Example Calculate how much can be borrowed on a 15-year loan at a 7.5% annual interest rate, compounded monthly, if a payment of $450 per month can be made.
Page 354 19 - 3 Compound Interest Calculations u u u u u Number of installments Example Calculate the number of years it will take to repay a $60,000 loan borrowed at 5.5%, compounded monthly, with monthly installments of $840. In the set up screen, specify “End” for Payment and then press J. Perform the following key operation from the input screen.
Page 355: Investment Appraisal
19-4 Investment Appraisal This calculator uses the discounted cash flow (DCF) method to perform invest- ment appraisal by totalling cash flow for a fixed period. This calculator can perform the following four types of investment appraisal. • Net present value ( •...
Page 356 19 - 4 Investment Appraisal u u u u u PBP > 0. Initial value of when Press 3 (CASH) from the initial screen 1 to display the following input screen for investment appraisal. % ....interest rate Csh ....list for cash flow •{NPV}/{IRR}/{PBP}/{NFV} ...
Page 357 19 - 4 Investment Appraisal Perform the following key operation from the input screen. bbw( % = 11) 6(List)2(List2) Now you can press 6(GRPH) to draw a cash flow graph. 6(GRPH) Pressing !1 (TRCE) activates trace, which can be used to look up the following values.
Page 358 19 - 4 Investment Appraisal On the Main Menu, select the LIST icon to enter the LIST Mode and perform the following key operation. ee(List 3) -baaaaw caaaw ceaaw ccaaw caaaw biaa+daaaw Return to the Main Menu by pressing m. Select the TVM icon to enter the Financial Mode, and then press 3 (CASH).
Page 359 19 - 4 Investment Appraisal 19-5 Amortization of a Loan This calculator can be used to calculate the principal and interest portion of a monthly installment, the remaining principal, and amount of principal and interest repaid up to any point. Amount of single payment (Number of payments) : Interest portion of installment PM1 (...
Page 360: Amortization Of A Loan
19 - 5 Amortization of a Loan The following calculation is performed after conversion from the nominal interest rate to the effective interest rate, and the result is used for all subsequent calculations. i = I%'÷100 Press 4 ( ) from the initial screen 1 to display the following input screen for amortization.
Page 361 19 - 5 Amortization of a Loan Perform the following key operation from the input screen. bf*bcw (Input = 15 ! 12.) g.fw beaaaaw ( = 140,000) aw ( = 0) bcw(Monthly installments) cw(Semiannual compounding) Pressing 4( ) displays the amortization input screen. Input 24 for PM1 and 49 for PM2.
Page 362 19 - 5 Amortization of a Loan Calculate % from installment 24 to 49. 1 (REPT) 4 (% Calculate % 1 (REPT) 5 (% Now you can press 6 to draw a cash flow graph. 6(GRPH) • Trace can be activated following the calculation. Pressing e displays when = 1.
Page 363: Conversion Between Percentage Interest Rate And Effective Interest Rate
19-6 Conversion between Percentage Interest Rate and Effective Interest Rate Press 5 (CNVT) in the Financial 1 screen to display the following input screen for interest rate conversion. n ...... number of compoundings % ....interest rate • {' ' ' ' ' EFF}/{' ' ' ' ' APR} ... {annual percentage rate to effective interest rate}/{effective interest rate to annual percentage rate} conversion k k k k k Converting the Annual Percentage Rate (APR) to the Effective Interest Rate (EFF)
Page 364 19 - 6 Conversion between Percentage Interest Rate and Effective Interest Rate Example Calculate the annual percentage rate for an account paying an effective interest rate of 12.55%, compounded quarterly. In the set up screen, specify “Norm1” for Display and then press J. Perform the following key operation from the input screen.
Page 365: Cost, Selling Price, Margin Calculations
19-7 Cost, Selling Price, Margin Calculations Cost, selling price, or margin can be calculated by inputting the other two values. CST = SEL 1– SEL = 1– MAR(%) = 1– !100 Press 1 (COST) from the initial screen 2 to display the following input screen. Cst ....
Page 366 19 - 7 Cost, Selling Price, Margin Calculations k k k k k Selling Price Example Calculate the selling price for a cost of $1,200 and a margin of 45%. Perform the following key operation from the input screen. bcaaw(Cst = 1,200) efw(Mrg = 45) 2(SEL) k k k k k Margin...
Page 367: Day/Date Calculations
19-8 Day/Date Calculations You can calculate the number of days between two dates, or you can determine what date comes a specific number of days before or after another date. Press 2 (DAYS) from the initial screen 2 to display the following input screen for day/date calculation.
Page 368 19 - 8 Day/Date Calculations Perform the following key operation from the input screen. i.aibjghw (d1 = August 8, 1967) h.bfbjhaw (d2 = July 15,1970) 1(PRD) Prd ....number of days Example Determine the date that is 1,000 days after June 1, 1997. Note that the attempting to perform the following calculation while the 360-day year is in effect causes an error.
Page 369: Chapter 20 Algebraic Expressions
Chapter Algebraic Expressions The ALGBR Mode (Algebraic Mode) provides tools for expansion of algebraic expressions, factoring, etc. In this mode, differential and integration calculation results are displayed as mathematical expressions instead of decimal values. 20-1 Before Using the Algebraic Mode 20-2 Inputting and Executing Calculations 20-3...
Page 370: Before Using The Algebraic Mode
20-1 Before Using the Algebraic Mode In the Main Menu, select the ALGBR icon to enter the ALGBR Mode and display its initial screen, which contains the following items. • {expn} ... {expansion} • {fctor} ... {factorization} • {diff} ... {differential} •...
Page 371: Inputting And Executing Calculations
20-2 Inputting and Executing Calculations The ALGBR Mode display is divided into three areas: an input area, a solution area, and a message area (used for display of menus and error messages). Input area Solution area Messages area X + X 2 + 3X – 2X 2 Example v+vx+dv-cvx •...
Page 372: Algbr Mode Commands
20-3 ALGBR Mode Commands In the ALGBR Mode, results are calculated in accordance with commands and expressions you input. This section describes each of the commands available in the ALGBR Mode. k k k k k Conventions Used in this Section The following conventions are used in the command descriptions of this section.
Page 373 20 - 3 ALGBR Mode Commands To factorize the expression X 2 - 4X + 4 Example 2(fctor)vx-ev (X – 2) 2 • You can also factorize a value into its prime factors. Example To factorize 64 into its prime factors 2(fctor)gew u u u u u Addition Theorems ——...
Page 374 20- 3 ALGBR Mode Commands u u u u u Integration —— ( ( ) This command can be used to determine the primitive function or calculate the definite integral for an expression. Syntax 1: ! (<expression>, <variable> [, <integration constant>] [)] Syntax 2: ! (<expression>[, <variable>, <integration constant>] [)] Syntax 3: ! (<expression>, <variable>...
Page 375 20 - 3 ALGBR Mode Commands • Syntax 1 determines the derivative in accordance with a specified expression, variable and order. Specifying a differential coefficient calculates a result in accordance with the input value. • A default order of 1 is used when specification of the order is skipped in Syntax •...
Page 376 20- 3 ALGBR Mode Commands Example To solve AX+B = 0 for X 5(SOLV)1(solve)aA –B v+aB,vw P.107 • Other solve functions are available that produce numeric calculation results . u u u u u Convert to Numeric Value —— (appr) This command converts an expression to a numeric value.
Page 377 20 - 3 ALGBR Mode Commands With approx, calculation results are displayed using exponential notation. As with the RUN Mode, the mantissa can have up to 10 digits and the exponent up to two digits. The number of digits that can be input for approx depends on the setting of the set up screen's Display item.
Page 378 20- 3 ALGBR Mode Commands u u u u u Sequence —— (sequ) This command creates the function that describes the relationship between the variable and the value of the expression, if the value of the expression is entered when the variable is assigned the first specified <value>, the second specified <value>, and so on.
Page 379 20 - 3 ALGBR Mode Commands Syntax: sumSeq ({<value>, <value>, ...} [,<variable>] [)] • A default variable of X is used when specification of a variable is skipped. Example To obtain an expression that expresses the sum up to the term when terms 1 through 4 are the following sequence of values: {23, 30, 37, 45} 6(g)4(PTS')2(smSq)
Page 380: Signum Function
20-4 Signum Function The signum function described in this section is available in the ALGBR Mode. Syntax: signum (<expression>[)] • A solution can be obtained only when <expression> is a numeric value. Definition: 1 (real number, A > 0) Undefined (A = 0) signum(A) –1 (real number, A <...
Page 381: Natural Display Notation
20-5 Natural Display Notation Most calculators use their own symbols, such as ABS for absolute values and ^ for powers, in place of standard mathematical notation. Expressions in the ALGBR Mode are displayed using "natural display notation," which uses standard mathematical notation as shown below.
Page 382: Algbr Mode Error Messages
20-6 ALGBR Mode Error Messages A number of error messages are unique to the ALGBR Mode. The following lists the error messages and explains the meaning of each one. • Error messages unique to the ALGBR Mode appear in the message area of the display.
Page 383: Algbr Mode Precautions
20-7 ALGBR Mode Precautions • When an input expression cannot be processed any further, the expression displayed as the result of an operation will be identical to the input expression. • It may take a considerable amount of time for a result to appear. This does not indicate malfunction.
Page 384: Chapter 21 Programming
Chapter Programming 21-1 Before Programming 21-2 Programming Examples 21-3 Debugging a Program 21-4 Calculating the Number of Bytes Used by a Program 21-5 Secret Function 21-6 Searching for a File 21-7 Searching for Data Inside a Program 21-8 Editing File Names and Program Contents 21-9 Deleting a Program 21-10...
Page 385: Before Programming
21-1 Before Programming The programming function helps to make complex, often-repeated calculations quick and easy. Commands and calculations are executed sequentially, just like the manual calculation multistatements. Multiple programs can be stored under file names for easy recall and editing. File Name File Name File Name...
Page 386: Programming Examples
21-2 Programming Examples Example 1 To calculate the surface area and volume of three regular octahedrons of the dimensions shown in the table below Store the calculation formula under the file name OCTA. Length of One Side (A) Surface Area (S) Volume (V) 7 cm 10 cm...
Page 387 21 - 2 Programming Examples • Use 1 (RUN) to input a program for general calculations (a program to be executed in the COMP Mode). For programs that involve number system specifications, use 2 (BASE). Note that programs input after pressing 2 (BASE) are indicated by to the right of the file name.
Page 388 21- 2 Programming Examples • Pressing 6 (SYBL) displays a menu of symbols ( ’, ”, ~, * , /, # ) that can be input into a program. • Pressing ! Z displays a menu of commands that can be used to change set up screen settings inside a program.
Page 389 21- 2 Programming Examples The following shows examples of how to actually use the ? and ^ commands. !W4(?)aaA6(g)5(:) c*!9d*aAx 6(g)5(^) !9c/d*aAMd !Q or JJ u u u u u To run a program 1. While the program list is on the display, use f and c to highlight the name of the program you want to run.
Page 390 21- 2 Programming Examples · · · · · · · · · · · · • Pressing w while the program’s final result is on the display re-executes the program. P.392 • You can also run a program while in the RUN Mode by inputting: Prog ”<file name>”...
Page 391: Debugging A Program
21-3 Debugging a Program A problem in a program that keeps the program from running correctly is called a “bug,” and the process of eliminating such problems is called “debugging.” Either of the following symptoms indicates that your program contains bugs and that debugging is required.
Page 392: Calculating The Number Of Bytes Used By A Program
21-4 Calculating the Number of Bytes Used by a Program This unit comes with 60 kbytes of memory. A byte is a unit of memory that can be used for storage of data. There are two types of commands: 1-byte commands and 2-byte commands. •...
Page 393: Secret Function
To register a password Example To create a program file under the name AREA and protect it with the password CASIO 1. While the program list is on the display, press 3 (NEW) and input the file name of the new program file.
Page 394 21- 5 Secret Function 2. Press 2 (EDIT). 3. Input the password and press w to recall the program. • The message “Mismatch” appears if you input the wrong password.
Page 395: Searching For A File
21-6 Searching for a File There are three different methods for searching for a specific file name. u u u u u To find a file using scroll search Example To use scroll search to recall the program named OCTA 1.
Page 396 21- 6 Searching for a File 2. Press w to search. • All files whose file names start with the characters you input are recalled. • If there is no program whose file name starts with the characters you input, the message “Not Found”...
Page 397: Searching For Data Inside A Program
21-7 Searching for Data Inside a Program Example To search for the letter “A” inside the program named OCTA 1. Recall the program. 2. Press 3 (SRC) and input the data you want to search for. 3(SRC) • You cannot specify the newline symbol (_) or display command (^) for the search data.
Page 398: Editing File Names And Program Contents
21-8 Editing File Names and Program Contents u u u u u To edit a file name Example To change the name of a file from TRIANGLE to ANGLE 1. While the program list is on the display, use f and c to move the highlight- ing to the file whose name you want to edit and then press 6 (g) 2 (REN).
Page 399 21 - 8 Editing File Names and Program Contents Use TETRA as the file name. Length of One Side (A) Surface Area (S) Volume (V) 7 cm 10 cm 15 cm The following are the formulas used for calculating surface area S and volume V of a regular tetrahedron for which the length of one side is known.
Page 400 21- 8 Editing File Names and Program Contents cd![bc Let’s try running the program. Length of One Side (A) Surface Area (S) Volume (V) 7 cm 84.87048957 cm 40.42293766 cm 10 cm 173.2050808 cm 117.8511302 cm 15 cm 389.7114317 cm 397.7475644 cm 1 (EXE) or w (Value of A)
Page 401: Deleting A Program
21-9 Deleting a Program There are two methods for deletion of a file name and its program. u u u u u To delete a specific program 1. While the program list is on the display, use f and c to move the highlight- ing to the name of the program you want to delete.
Page 402: Useful Program Commands
21-10 Useful Program Commands In addition to calculation commands, this calculator also includes a variety of relational and jump commands that can be used to create programs that make repeat calculations quick and easy. Program Menu Press ! W to display the program menu. •...
Page 403 21- 10 Useful Program Commands k k k k k DISP (display command menu) Selecting {DISP} from the program menu displays the following function menu items. u {Stat}/{Grph}/{Dyna} ... {statistical graph}/{graph}/{Dynamic Graph} draw u {F-Tbl} ... {Table & Graph command menu} The following are the items that appear in the above menu.
Page 404 21-11 Command Reference k k k k k Command Index Break ..................392 ClrGraph ................396 ClrList ..................396 ClrText ................... 396 DispF-Tbl, DispR-Tbl ............. 397 Do~LpWhile................391 DrawDyna ................397 DrawFTG-Con, DrawFTG-Plt ..........397 DrawGraph ................397 DrawR-Con, DrawR-Plt ............398 DrawR#-Con, DrawR#-Plt .............
Page 405: Command Reference
21- 11 Command Reference The following are conventions that are used in this section when describing the various commands. Boldface Text ..... Actual commands and other items that always must be input are shown in boldface. {Curly Brackets} ..Curly brackets are used to enclose a number of items, one of which must be selected when using a command.
Page 406 21- 11 Command Reference : (Multi-statement Command) Function: Connects two statements for sequential execution without stopping. Description: 1. Unlike the output command (^), statements connected with the multi- statement command are executed non-stop. 2. The multi-statement command can be used to link two calculation expressions or two commands.
Page 407 21- 11 Command Reference If~Then~IfEnd Function: The Then-statement is executed only when the If-condition is true (non- zero). The IfEnd-statement is always executed: after the Then-statement is executed or directly after the If-condition when the If-condition is false (0). Syntax: <condition>...
Page 408 21- 11 Command Reference If~Then~Else~IfEnd Function: The Then-statement is executed only when the If-condition is true (non-zero). The Else-statement is executed when the If-condition is false (0). The IfEnd-statement is always executed following either the Then-statement or Else-statement. Syntax: <condition> Then <statement>...
Page 409 21- 11 Command Reference Parameters: • control variable name: A to Z • starting value: value or expression that produces a value (i.e. sin , A, etc.) • ending value: value or expression that produces a value (i.e. sin , A, etc.) Description: 1.
Page 410 21- 11 Command Reference 3. Making the starting value less than the ending value and specifying a positive step value causes the control variable to be incremented with each execution. Making the starting value greater than the ending value and specifying a negative step value causes the control variable to be decremented with each execution.
Page 411 21- 11 Command Reference 2. Since the condition comes after the While-statement, the condition is tested (checked) before the commands inside the loop are executed. Example: 10 $ A_ While A > 0_ A – 1 $ A_ ”GOOD”_ WhileEnd k k k k k Program Control Commands (CTL) Break Function: This command breaks execution of a loop and continues from the next...
Page 412 21- 11 Command Reference Main Routine Subroutines Prog ”D” Prog ”C” Prog ”E” Prog ”I” Prog ”J” Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Level 4 4. Calling up a subroutine causes it to be executed from the beginning. After execution of the subroutine is complete, execution returns to the main routine, continuing from the statement following the Prog command.
Page 413 21- 11 Command Reference Example: For 2 $ I To 10_ If I = 5_ Then ”STOP” : Stop_ IfEnd_ Next This program counts from 2 to 10. When the count reaches 5, however, it terminates execution and displays the message “STOP.” k k k k k Jump Commands (JUMP) Function: This command is a count jump that decrements the value of a control variable by 1, and then jumps if the current value of the variable is zero.
Page 414 21- 11 Command Reference 2. This command can be used to loop back to the beginning of a program or to jump to any location within the program. 3. This command can be used in combination with conditional jumps and count jumps.
Page 415 21- 11 Command Reference Parameters: left side/right side: variable (A to Z, , ! ), numeric constant, variable expression (such as: A " 2) P.401 relational operator: =, , >, <, &, ' G G G G G Description: 1. The conditional jump compares the contents of two variables or the results of two expressions, and a decision is made whether or not to execute the jump based on the results of the comparison.
Page 416 21- 11 Command Reference k k k k k Display Commands (DISP) DispF-Tbl, DispR-Tbl Function: These commands display numeric tables. Syntax: DispF-Tbl_ DispR-Tbl_ Description: 1. These commands generate numeric tables during program execution in accordance with conditions defined within the program. 2.
Page 417 21- 11 Command Reference DrawR-Con, DrawR-Plt Function: These commands graph recursion expressions, with ) as the vertical axis and as the horizontal axis. Syntax: DrawR-Con_ DrawR-Plt_ Description: 1. These commands graph recursion expressions, with ) as the vertical axis as the horizontal axis, in accordance with conditions defined within the program.
Page 418 21- 11 Command Reference Description: 1. This command graphs convergence/divergence of a recursion expression (WEB graph). 2. Omitting the number of lines specification automatically specifies the default value 30. k k k k k Input/Output Commands (I/O) Getkey Function: This command returns the code that corresponds to the last key pressed.
Page 419 (1, 7) $ ( (21, 7) Example: Cls_ Locate 7, 1, ”CASIO CFX” This program displays the text “CASIO CFX” in the center of the screen. • In some cases, the ClrText command should be executed before running the above program.
Page 420 21- 11 Command Reference Send ( Function: This command sends data to an external device. Syntax: Send (<data>) Description: 1. This command sends data to an external device. 2. The following types of data can be sent by this command. •...
Page 421: Text Display
21-12 Text Display You can include text in a program by simply enclosing it between double quotation marks. Such text appears on the display during program execution, which means you can add labels to input prompts and results. Program Display ? $ X ”X =”...
Page 422: Using Calculator Functions In Programs
21-13 Using Calculator Functions in Programs k k k k k Using Matrix Row Operations in a Program P.80 These commands let you manipulate the rows of a matrix in a program. • For this type of program, be sure to use the MAT Mode to input the matrix, and then switch to the PRGM Mode to input the program.
Page 423 21- 13 Using Calculator Functions in Programs u u u u u To calculate a scalar product and add the results to another row ` ` Row+) Example 3 To calculate the scalar product of Row 2 of the matrix in Example 1, multiplying by 4, and add the result to row 3 The following is the syntax to use for this program.
Page 424 21- 13 Using Calculator Functions in Programs Y = Type_ 4431 J41JJ ”X ^ 4 – X ^ 3–24X + 4X + 80” $ Y1_ G SelOn 1_ 4411J Orange G1_ !W622 DrawGraph Executing this program produces the result shown here. k k k k k Using Dynamic Graph Functions in a Program P.182 Using Dynamic Graph functions in a program makes it possible to perform repeat...
Page 425 21- 13 Using Calculator Functions in Programs k k k k k Using Table & Graph Functions in a Program P.206 Table & Graph functions in a program can generate numeric tables and perform graphing operations. The following shows various types of syntax you need to use when programming with Table &...
Page 426 21- 13 Using Calculator Functions in Programs k k k k k Using Recursion Table & Graph Functions in a Program P.218 Incorporating Recursion Table & Graph functions in a program lets you generate numeric tables and perform graphing operations. The following shows various types of syntax you need to use when programming with Recursion Table &...
Page 427 21- 13 Using Calculator Functions in Programs Executing this program produces the results shown here. Numeric Table Recursion graph k k k k k Using List Sort Functions in a Program P.231 These functions let you sort the data in lists into ascending or descending order. •...
Page 428 21- 13 Using Calculator Functions in Programs k k k k k Using Statistical Calculations and Graphs in a Program P.250 Including statistical calculations and graphing operations into program lets you calculate and graph statistical data. u u u u u To set conditions and draw a statistical graph Following “StatGraph”, you must specify the following graph conditions: •...
Page 429 21- 13 Using Calculator Functions in Programs • The following is a typical graph condition specification for a regression graph. S-Gph1 DrawOn, Linear, List1, List2, List3, Blue _ The same format can be used for the following types of graphs, by simply replacing “Linear”...
Page 430 21- 13 Using Calculator Functions in Programs k k k k k Performing Statistical Calculations • Single-variable statistical calculation 1-Variable List 1, List 2 Frequency data (Frequency) x -axis data (XList) 4161 • Paired-variable statistical calculation 2-Variable List 1, List 2, List 3 Frequency data (Frequency) y -axis data (YList) x -axis data (XList)
Page 431: Chapter 22 Data Communications
CASIO FA-122 Interface Unit. This chapter also contains information on how to use the optional SB-62 cable to connect to a CASIO Label Printer to transfer screen data for printing. 22-1...
Page 432: Connecting Two Units
22-1 Connecting Two Units The following procedure describes how to connect two units with an optional SB- 62 connecting cable for transfer of programs between them. u u u u u To connect two units 1. Check to make sure that the power of both units is off. 2.
Page 433: Connecting The Unit With A Personal Computer
Computer To transfer data between the unit and a personal computer, you must connect them through a separately available CASIO FA-122 Interface Unit. For details on operation, the types of computer that can be connected, and hardware limitations, see the user’s manual that comes with the FA-122.
Page 434: Connecting The Unit With A Casio Label Printer
22-3 Connecting the Unit with a CASIO Label Printer After you connect the unit to a CASIO Label Printer with an optional SB-62 cable, you can use the Label Printer to print screen shot data from the unit. See the user’s guide that comes with your Label Printer for details on how to perform this...
Page 435: Before Performing A Data Communication Operation
22-4 Before Performing a Data Communication Operation In the Main Menu, select the LINK icon and enter the LINK Mode. The following data communication main menu appears on the display. P.422 Image Set: ..Indicates the status of the graphic image send features. Off: Graphic images not sent.
Page 436: Performing A Data Transfer Operation
22-5 Performing a Data Transfer Operation Connect the two units and then perform the following procedures. Receiving unit To set up the calculator to receive data, press 2 (RECV) while the data commu- nication main menu is displayed. The calculator enters a data receive standby mode and waits for data to arrive. Actual data receive starts as soon as data is sent from the sending unit.
Page 437 22 - 5 Performing a Data Transfer Operation • {SEL} ... {selects data item where cursor is located} • {TRAN} ... {sends selected data items} Use the f and c cursor keys to move the cursor to the data item you want to select and press 1 (SEL) to select it.
Page 438 22 - 5 Performing a Data Transfer Operation Data item name • {YES} ... {replaces the receiving unit’s existing data with the new data} • {NO} ... {skips to next data item} With password check: If a file is password protected, a message appears asking for input of the password.
Page 439 22 - 5 Performing a Data Transfer Operation The following shows what the displays of the sending and receiving units look like after the data communication operation is complete. Sending Unit Receiving Unit Press A to return to the data communication main menu. u u u u u To send backup data This operation allows you to send all memory contents, including mode settings.
Page 440: Screen Send Function
To send the screen P.416 1. Connect the unit to a personal computer or to a CASIO Label Printer. 2. In the data communication main menu, press 6 (IMGE) and the following P.417 display appears.
Page 441: Data Communications Precautions
22-7 Data Communications Precautions Note the following precautions whenever you perform data communications. • An error occurs whenever you try to send data to a receiving unit that is not yet standing by to receive data. When this happens, press A to clear the error and try again, after setting up the receiving unit to receive data.
Page 442: Chapter 23 Program Library
Chapter Program Library 1 Prime Factor Analysis 2 Greatest Common Measure -Test Value 4 Circle and Tangents 5 Rotating a Figure Before using the Program Library • Be sure to check how many bytes of unused memory is remain- ing before attempting to perform any programming. •...
Page 443: Prime Factor Analysis
PROGRAM SHEET Program for Prime Factor Analysis Description Produces prime factors of arbitrary positive integers For 1 < < 10 Prime numbers are produced from the lowest value first. “END” is displayed at the end of the program. (Overview) is divided by 2 and by all successive odd numbers ( = 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, ..) to check for divisibility.
Page 444 Line Program File name " " Goto Goto ÷ " Frac Goto ÷ " Goto Frac " " ÷ Goto Goto – Goto Goto ÷ " Goto ÷ " " Goto...
Page 445: Greatest Common Measure
PROGRAM SHEET Program for Greatest Common Measure Description Euclidean general division is used to determine the greatest common measure for two interers For | |, | | < 10 , positive values are taken as < 10 (Overview) = max |, | = min (| |, |...
Page 446 Line Program File name " " " " < Goto " (–) – ÷ Goto " Goto Goto a, n b, n...
Page 447: T-Test Value
PROGRAM SHEET Program for -Test Value Description The mean (sample mean) and sample standard deviation can be used to obtain a -test value. (x – m) : mean of data : sample standard deviation of data –1 n– : number of data items : hypothetical population standard deviation (normally represented by µ...
Page 448 Line Program File name List l-Var List " " – ÷ ÷ n– " " Goto • -distribution table The values in the top row of the table show the probability (two-sided probability) that the absolute value of is greater than the table values for a given degree of freedom.
Page 449: Circle And Tangents
PROGRAM SHEET Program for Circle and Tangents Description Formula for circle: Formula for tangent line passing (x',y') through point A ( – – represents the slope of the tangent line With this program, slope and intercept – ) are obtained for lines drawn from point A ( ) and are tangent to a circle with a radius of .
Page 450 Line Program File name Prog " " " " Prog " " " " " " Plot – – – –1 – Graph Y= " " " " – " " " " Goto " Goto Goto " (–) – –...
Page 451 Line Program Goto Prog " " " – " Graph Y= – Graph Y= Goto – Graph Y= Prog " " Prog " " Goto " " File name View (–) (–) Window File name – Graph Y= (–) – Graph Y=...
Page 452 Program for Circle and Tangents Step Key Operation Display...
Page 453 Program for Circle and Tangents Step Key Operation Display...
Page 454 Program for Circle and Tangents Step Key Operation Display...
Page 455 Program for Circle and Tangents Step Key Operation Display...
Page 456 PROGRAM SHEET Program for Rotating a Figure Description Formula for coordinate transfor- mation: ) # ( cos ' – sin ' sin ' + cos ' Graphing of rotation of any geometric figure by ' degrees. Example To rotate by 45° the triangle defined by points A (2, 0.5), B (6, 0.5), and C (5, 1.5) Notes •...
Page 457 Line Program File name View (–) (–) Window " " " " Plot " " " " Plot " " " " Plot Line Plot Line Plot Line " " – Plot – Plot Line – Plot Line Plot Line Plot Plot : Goto 1...
Page 458: Rotating A Figure
Program for Rotating a Figure Step Key Operation Display...
Page 459 Program for Rotating a Figure Step Key Operation Display (Locate the pointer at X = 5) Continue, repeating from step 8.
Page 460: Appendix
Appendix Appendix A Resetting the Calculator Appendix B Power Supply Appendix C Error Message Table Appendix D Input Ranges Appendix E Specifications...
Page 461: Appendix A Resetting The Calculator
Appendix A Resetting the Calculator Warning! The procedure described here clears all memory contents. Never perform this operation unless you want to totally clear the memory of the calculator. If you need the data currently stored in memory, be sure to write it down somewhere before performing the RESET operation.
Page 462 Appendix A Resetting the Calculator • If the calculator stops operating correctly for some P button reason, use a thin, pointed object to press the P button on the back of the calculator. This should make the RESET screen appear on the display. Perform the procedure to complete the RESET operation.
Page 463: Appendix B Power Supply
Appendix B Power Supply This unit is powered by four AAA-size (LR03 (AM4) or R03 (UM-4)) batteries. In addition, it uses a single CR2032 lithium battery as a back up power supply for the memory. If the following message appears on the display, immediately stop using the calculator and replace batteries.
Page 464 Appendix B Power Supply Keep batteries out of the reach of small children. If swallowed, consult with a physician immediately. u u u u u To replace the main power supply batteries * Never remove the main power supply and the memory back up batteries from the unit at the same time.
Page 465 Appendix B Power Supply • Power supplied by memory back up battery while the main power supply batteries are removed for replacement retains memory contents. • Do not leave the unit without main power supply batteries loaded for long periods. Doing so can cause deletion of data stored in memory. •...
Page 466 Appendix B Power Supply 6. Wipe off the surfaces of a new battery with a soft, dry cloth. Load it into the calculator so that its positive (+) side is facing up. MAIN MAIN BACK UP BACK UP 7. Install the memory protection battery cover onto the calculator and secure it in place with the screw.
Page 467: Appendix C Error Message Table
Appendix C Error Message Table Meaning Countermeasure Message 1 Calculation formula contains an 1 Use d or e to display the Syn ERROR error. point where the error was generated and correct it. 2 Formula in a program contains an 2 Use d or e to display the point error.
Page 468 Appendix C Error Message Table Message Meaning Countermeasure Stk ERROR • Execution of calculations that • Simplify the formulas to keep exceed the capacity of the stack stacks within 10 levels for the for numeric values or stack for numeric values and 26 levels commands.
Page 469 Appendix C Error Message Table Message Meaning Countermeasure Undefined • No solution exists for the • Change the input expression. operation being performed in the ALGBR Mode. Overflow ERROR • The result of the operation • Change the input expression. being performed in the ALGBR Mode exceeds the range of the calculator.
Page 470: Appendix D Input Ranges
Appendix D Input Ranges Internal Function Input ranges Accuracy Notes digits As a rule, However, for tan (DEG) | | < 9 # (10 )° accuracy is 90(2 +1):DEG G G G G G (RAD) | | < 5 # 10 15 digits "rad "/2 .
Page 471 Appendix D Input Ranges Internal Function Input ranges Accuracy Notes digits | < 1 # 10 As a rule, However, for tan $ : (DEG) | $ | < 9 # (10 )° accuracy is | $ | 90(2 +1):DEG G G G G G 15 digits , $ )
Page 472 Appendix D Input Ranges Function Input ranges Binary, Values fall within following ranges after conversion: octal, DEC: –2147483648 < < 2147483647 decimal, BIN: 1000000000000000 < hexadecimal < 1111111111111111 (negative) 0 < < 0111111111111111 (0, positive) calculation OCT: 20000000000 < < 37777777777 (negative) 0 <...
Page 473: Appendix E Specifications
Appendix E Specifications Model: CFX-9970G Variables: 28 Calculation range: ±1 # 10 –99 to ±9.999999999 # 10 and 0. Internal operations use 15-digit mantissa (except in ALGBR Mode). Exponential display range: Norm 1: 10 > | |, | | > 10 –2 (except in ALGBR Mode) Norm 2: 10...
Page 474: Appendix E Specifications
Appendix E Specifications Data Communications Functions: Program contents and file names; function memory data; matrix memory data; list data; variable data; Table & Graph data; graph functions; equation calculation coefficients Method: Start-stop (asynchronous), half-duplex Transmission speed (BPS): 9600 bits/second Parity: none Bit length: 8 bits Stop bit: Send: 3 bits...